prem shankar mishra - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by prem shankar mishra

Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and ad... more Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is also recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. Additionally, the respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level. Methods The data for this study was carried out from Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), the first-ever nationally representative nutrition survey of children and adolescents in India. The study used a sample size of 17,865 male and 17,965 female adolescents for the analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were done to carve out the results....

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying

The present study investigated linkages between multiple socio-economic vulnerabilities with infa... more The present study investigated linkages between multiple socio-economic vulnerabilities with infant and child mortality in India and its specific regions. Data from the National Family Health Survey (2015–16) was used for calculating the key-outcome variables, namely infant mortality and child mortality. The effective sample size for the study was 259,627. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to examine three dimensions of vulnerabilities such as education, wealth, and caste on infant and child mortality. Children born to women with multiple-vulnerabilities were more likely to die than those born to non-vulnerable women. Women who were vulnerable in all the three-dimensions were more likely to have their children die as infants than those who were not vulnerable in any dimensions (predicted probabilities; 0.054 vs 0.026). The predicted probability for child mortality was 0.063 for women who were vulnerable and 0.028 for non-vulnerable women.

Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially a... more Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially an optimal dental treatment has become an unfinished agenda and a long-neglected area for care and management in many low and middle-income countries. There is a continuous rise in the older population in India and at the same time, the rising of co-morbidities or multi-morbidities in the aging population creates catastrophic challenges at the individuals, household, community, and country levels, and therefore, it is important to address dental health problems and related issues in the aged population in India. The present study is an attempt to understand the prevalence of tooth related problems and their health-seeking behavior among the older adults in India.Methods: The present research used data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI) which was a national level survey and was conducted in 2011, across seven states of India. The effective sample size of th...

Although there are multiple vulnerabilities that may prevent access to maternal and child health ... more Although there are multiple vulnerabilities that may prevent access to maternal and child health services in India, the literature has so far focused on unidimensional vulnerabilities—typically, economic or social vulnerabilities. The linkages between multiple vulnerabilities and the utilisation of MCH services are investigated using data from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–16) for Uttar Pradesh to analyse whether women received full antenatal care, institutional delivery care, postnatal care, and full immunisation for their children. Bivariate analysis and binomial logistic regression analysis are employed to examine the multiple vulnerabilities that service utilisation across three dimensions—education, wealth, and caste. Women with multiple vulnerabilities are less likely to utilise essential MCH services.

BMC Endocrine Disorders, 2021

Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and ad... more Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is also recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. Additionally, the respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level. Methods The data for this study was carried out from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), the first-ever nationally representative nutrition survey of children and adolescents in India. The study used a sample size of 17,865 adolescent boys and 17,965 adolescent girls for the analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were done to carve out...

BMC Pediatrics

Background The incidence of preterm birth and subsequent low birth weight (LBW) are vital global ... more Background The incidence of preterm birth and subsequent low birth weight (LBW) are vital global public health issues. It contributes to high infant and child mortality in the early stages of life and later on in adult life; it increases the risk for non-communicable diseases. The study aims to understand the socio-economic status-related inequality for LBW among children in India. It hypothesises that there is no association between the socio-economic status of the household and the newborn’s LBW in India. Methods The study utilised data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey, a national representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015-16 (N = 127,141). The concentration index (CCI) and the concentration curve (CC) measured socio-economic inequality in low birth status among newborns. Wagstaff decomposition further analysed key contributors in CCI by segregating significant covariates. Results About 18.2% of children had low birth weight status. The value...

PLOS ONE

Background Caste plays a significant role in Indian society and it influences women to health car... more Background Caste plays a significant role in Indian society and it influences women to health care access in the community. The implementation of the maternal health benefits scheme in India is biased due to caste identity. In this context, the paper investigates access to Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) among social groups to establish that caste still plays a pivotal role in Indian society. Also, this paper aims to quantify the discrimination against Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes (SCs/STs) in accessing JSY. Methods This paper uses a national-level data set of both NFHS-3 (2005–06) and NFHS-4 (2015–16). Both descriptive statistics and the Fairlie decomposition econometric model have been used to measure the explained and unexplained differences in access to JSY between SCs/STs and non-SCs/STs groups. Results Overall, the total coverage of JSY in India is still, 36.4%. Further, it is found that 72% of access to JSY is explained by endowment variables. The remaining unexplained perc...

International Journal of Scientific Reports

Background: The paper aims to explore the magnitude of the nutritional status and socio-economic ... more Background: The paper aims to explore the magnitude of the nutritional status and socio-economic inequality among children in various regions of Uttar Pradesh in rural-urban areas.Methods: Fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (2015-16) data was used. Multivariate logistic regression and decomposition analysis were employed to understand the socio-economic inequality.Results: Finding shows that the Bundelkhand region has the highest prevalence of underweight (45.4 per 100) and wasted (29.5 per 100) children while Purvanchal region has the majority of stunted (48.3 per 100) children. The rural area has the highest percentage of underweight (40.9 percent) children followed by stunted (48.4 percent) and wasted (17.9 percent) respectively. About half of the children are underweight (46.3 percent) whose mother has no schooling, with more than 55 percent of the stunted children, and approximately 18 percent of children are wasted. Other findings of the study are: wasted childr...

PLOS ONE

Introduction Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure infant health and survival... more Introduction Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure infant health and survival. Inadequate breastfeeding practices, and knowledge among adolescent mothers have led to unprecedented infant and child morbidity and mortality. Given, the high global prevalence of adolescent mothers it is imperative to understand how the knowledge of breastfeeding practices operates among adolescent girls across different socio-economic settings. Materials & methods Data was carried out from Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey, conducted in 2015–16. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate analysis was done to examine the preliminary results. For analysing the association between the binary outcome variable and other explanatory variables, binary logistic regression method was used. The explanatory variables were educational status of the respondent, media exposure, working status, ever pregnant status (only for married adolescent girls), sex and a...

Introduction Among various health implications for older adult, cognitive impairment and related ... more Introduction Among various health implications for older adult, cognitive impairment and related dementias are significant public health concern in many low and middle income countries, including India and lack due attention in policy arena. Socio-economic and health vulnerability are associated with cognitive impairment among older adults. Therefore the present study explores the prevalence and determinants of cognitive impairment among older adults in India with special reference to migrant status of older adults. MethodsData for this study was utilized from recent release of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 2017-19. The LASI is a nationally representative survey over 72000 older adults age 45 and above across all states and union territories of India. The present study is conducted on the eligible respondent’s age 60 years and above. The total sample size for the present study is 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above (Male-15,068; Female-16,366). Descriptive...

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Abstract Geographically, Manipur is composed of two sets of landmasses known as the valley and th... more Abstract Geographically, Manipur is composed of two sets of landmasses known as the valley and the hills districts. As compared to the valley districts, the hilly district is largely remained undeveloped and lack basic infrastructure and services like healthcare facilities, educational institutions, public distribution system, transportation, etc. Little is known about the differentials in the utilization of maternal healthcare services between the hills and the valley of Manipur state of India. The paper tries to understand the inequalities in accessing maternal healthcare services between the hills and valleys region. Logistic regression and concentration index was adopted to assess the utilization of maternal healthcare services. Results indicate low utilization of maternal healthcare services in the hilly region, with only 19%, 22%, and 21% have access to 4+ ANC visit, institutional delivery, and PNC visits respectively. The odds of utilizing 4+ ANC visits [Odds Ratio (OR): 0.47, Confidence Interval (C.I):0.26–0.82], Institutional delivery [OR: 0.42, C.I:0.28–0.62], and PNC visits [OR: 0.42, C.I:0.28–0.60] were less likely in the hilly region as compared to the valley region. Valley region indicates low inequality in accessing maternal healthcare services, however high inequality in accessing to institutional delivery and PNC visits was observed in the hilly region. Inequality is significantly higher in hilly areas (CIANC:0.276; CIinst.delivery:0.277; CIPNC: 0.206) than in valley regions (CIANC:0.070; CIinst.delivery 0.088; CIPNC: 0.081). Further, mother education, household wealth, and exposure to television are the main contributor to inequality. Better educational opportunities and economic activities may improve the utilization of maternal health services.

Children and Youth Services Review

Abstract Suicide is a significant public health problem. A rise in the trend of suicide among ado... more Abstract Suicide is a significant public health problem. A rise in the trend of suicide among adolescents, therefore warrants special attention. The present research is undertaken because of the dearth of literature and limited knowledge about prevention of suicide among adolescents in India. By analyzing the data of Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults project survey in two Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, the study aimed to understand the risk factors associated with the suicidal tendency among adolescents. The study hypothesized no association of suicidal tendency among adolescents with depressive symptoms, physical activity, and substance use. The bivariate and multivariate results indicate a strong significant and positive association of severe depression, physical inactivity, and substance use among adolescents who have suicidal tendencies. The findings imply that an early detection of depression, awareness about the harmful affect of tobacco and alcohol consumption, and encouragement of adolescents to participate in physical activity will avert adolescents from having suicidal tendencies.

Children and Youth Services Review

Elsevier, 2021

Geographically, Manipur is composed of two sets of landmasses known as the valley and the hills d... more Geographically, Manipur is composed of two sets of landmasses known as the valley and the hills districts. As compared to the valley districts, the hilly district is largely remained undeveloped and lack basic infrastructure and services like healthcare facilities, educational institutions, public distribution system, transportation, etc. Little is known about the differentials in the utilization of maternal healthcare services between the hills and the valley of Manipur state of India. The paper tries to understand the inequalities in accessing maternal healthcare services between the hills and valleys region. Logistic regression and concentration index was adopted to assess the utilization of maternal healthcare services. Results indicate low utilization of maternal healthcare services in the hilly region, with only 19%, 22%, and 21% have access to 4+ ANC visit, institutional delivery, and PNC visits respectively. The odds of utilizing 4+ ANC visits [Odds Ratio (OR): 0.47, Confide...

Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially a... more Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially an optimal dental treatment has become an unfinished agenda and a long-neglected area for care and management in many low and middle-income countries. There is a continuous rise in the older population in India and at the same time, the rising of co-morbidities or multi-morbidities in the aging population creates catastrophic challenges at the individuals, household, community, and country levels, and therefore, it is important to address dental health problems and related issues in the aged population in India. The study aims to understand the prevalence of dental health problems and their health-seeking behaviour among older adults in India. Further, the study determines the factors associated with low access and under-coverage of dental health care services among the elderly populations in IndiaMethods: The present research used data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging i...

Background Violence against older adults is a well-recognised socio-psychological and public heal... more Background Violence against older adults is a well-recognised socio-psychological and public health problem worldwide. It is uncared-for, undiagnosed, and untreated problem that is widespread across both developed and developing countries. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the extent of socio-economic status related inequality in violence against older adults. Methods Data for this study came from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI). Violence against older adults was the outcome variable for this study and defined as older adults who faced any abuse or violence or neglect or disrespect by any person. Bivariate analysis and regression-based decomposition technique is used to understand the relative contribution of various socioeconomic factors to violence among (N = 9541) older adults. Results The most dominant form of violence is verbal (10%) followed by disrespect (5.8%) and economic violence (5.2%). Older adults aged 80 + years [OR: 1.49; CI: 1.14...

IntroductionAlthough India has made significant progress in Iinstitutional delivery after the imp... more IntroductionAlthough India has made significant progress in Iinstitutional delivery after the implementation of National Rural Health Mission under which the Janani SurakshaYojna (JSY) is a sub-programme which played a vital role in the increase of institutional delivery in public facilties. However, a huge gap still, persists in terms of coverage and utilization of the JSY scheme, not only across socio-economic groups but also at district level in India. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an understanding of the JSY coverage at the district level in India. further, it tries to carve out the factors responsible for regional disparity of JSY coverage at district levels. MehtodsThe study used the fourth round of National Family Health Survey data and restricts sample size (n=148,145) to the women aged 15-49 years who gave recent birth in the institution during five years preceding the survey. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis wasused to fulfill the study objectives. Ad...

Children and Youth Services Review

International Journal for Equity in Health

Introduction Although India has made significant progress in institutional delivery after the imp... more Introduction Although India has made significant progress in institutional delivery after the implementation of the National Rural Health Mission under which the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a sub-programme which played a vital role in the increase of institutional delivery in public facilities. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an understanding of the JSY coverage at the district level in India. Further, it tries to carve out the factors responsible for the regional disparity of JSY coverage at district levels. Methods The study used the National Family Health Survey data, which is a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015–16, India. The sample size of this study was 148,145 women aged 15–49 years who gave last birth in the institution during 5 years preceding the survey. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to fulfill the study objectives. Additionally, Moran’s I statistics and bivariate Local Indicator for Spatial Association (LISA) maps were used to un...

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying

BMC Endocrine Disorders, 2021

Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and ad... more Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is also recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. Additionally, the respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level. Methods The data for this study was carried out from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), the first-ever nationally representative nutrition survey of children and adolescents in India. The study used a sample size of 17,865 adolescent boys and 17,965 adolescent girls for the analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were done to carve out...

BMC Pediatrics

PLOS ONE

International Journal of Scientific Reports

PLOS ONE

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Children and Youth Services Review

Elsevier, 2021

Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially a... more Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially an optimal dental treatment has become an unfinished agenda and a long-neglected area for care and management in many low and middle-income countries. There is a continuous rise in the older population in India and at the same time, the rising of co-morbidities or multi-morbidities in the aging population creates catastrophic challenges at the individuals, household, community, and country levels, and therefore, it is important to address dental health problems and related issues in the aged population in India. The study aims to understand the prevalence of dental health problems and their health-seeking behaviour among older adults in India. Further, the study determines the factors associated with low access and under-coverage of dental health care services among the elderly populations in IndiaMethods: The present research used data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging i...

Children and Youth Services Review

International Journal for Equity in Health