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Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

International journal of advanced research, Aug 31, 2022

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lea... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common ocular finding accounting for 44.23% of the patients with ocular manifestations. Other Anterior Segment diseases included Cataract, Conjunctival Microvasculopathy, Blepharitis, Stye, Pterygium, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Anterior Uveitis and Viral Keratitis. Only 7 patients had Posterior Segment Diseases. 1 patient each of CMV Retinitis and PORN was seen, both having CD4 T Cell count below 100 cells/µl. Occurrence of these ocular manifestations were not related to age & gender of the patient or to the duration of the disease. Conclusions:All patients with HIV should undergo Ophthalmic examination, irrespective of the CD4 T Cell count, Duration of Disease or presence of symptoms. Screening help in detecting these ocular diseases at early stage and thereby with early initiation of appropriate treatment help in reducing the visual morbidity.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 9, 2022

It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and... more It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema. There was statistically significant positive association of retinal changes with proteinuria (p= 0.0001), and severity of the PIH (p= 0.004). Conclusions: Retinal changes were seen in 67% of patients with PIH. Better antenatal care and early detection and treatment of PIH cases is needful so that there will be decrease in the chances of developing retinopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Aug 8, 2022

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to sig... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common ocular finding accounting for 44.23% of the patients with ocular manifestations. Other Anterior Segment diseases included Cataract, Conjunctival Microvasculopathy, Blepharitis, Stye, Pterygium, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Anterior Uveitis and Viral Keratitis. Only 7 patients had Posterior Segment Diseases. 1 patient each of CMV Retinitis and PORN was seen, both having CD4 T Cell count below 100 cells/µl. Occurrence of these ocular manifestations were not related to age & gender of the patient or to the duration of the disease. Conclusions:All patients with HIV should undergo Ophthalmic examination, irrespective of the CD4 T Cell count, Duration of Disease or presence of symptoms. Screening help in detecting these ocular diseases at early stage and thereby with early initiation of appropriate treatment help in reducing the visual morbidity.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 9, 2022

It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and... more It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema. There was statistically significant positive association of retinal changes with proteinuria (p= 0.0001), and severity of the PIH (p= 0.004). Conclusions: Retinal changes were seen in 67% of patients with PIH. Better antenatal care and early detection and treatment of PIH cases is needful so that there will be decrease in the chances of developing retinopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

International Journal of Advanced Research

Purpose: It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension ... more Purpose: It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema...

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

International Journal of Advanced Research

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to sig... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common...

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

International journal of advanced research, Aug 31, 2022

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lea... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common ocular finding accounting for 44.23% of the patients with ocular manifestations. Other Anterior Segment diseases included Cataract, Conjunctival Microvasculopathy, Blepharitis, Stye, Pterygium, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Anterior Uveitis and Viral Keratitis. Only 7 patients had Posterior Segment Diseases. 1 patient each of CMV Retinitis and PORN was seen, both having CD4 T Cell count below 100 cells/µl. Occurrence of these ocular manifestations were not related to age & gender of the patient or to the duration of the disease. Conclusions:All patients with HIV should undergo Ophthalmic examination, irrespective of the CD4 T Cell count, Duration of Disease or presence of symptoms. Screening help in detecting these ocular diseases at early stage and thereby with early initiation of appropriate treatment help in reducing the visual morbidity.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 9, 2022

It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and... more It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema. There was statistically significant positive association of retinal changes with proteinuria (p= 0.0001), and severity of the PIH (p= 0.004). Conclusions: Retinal changes were seen in 67% of patients with PIH. Better antenatal care and early detection and treatment of PIH cases is needful so that there will be decrease in the chances of developing retinopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Aug 8, 2022

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to sig... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common ocular finding accounting for 44.23% of the patients with ocular manifestations. Other Anterior Segment diseases included Cataract, Conjunctival Microvasculopathy, Blepharitis, Stye, Pterygium, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Anterior Uveitis and Viral Keratitis. Only 7 patients had Posterior Segment Diseases. 1 patient each of CMV Retinitis and PORN was seen, both having CD4 T Cell count below 100 cells/µl. Occurrence of these ocular manifestations were not related to age & gender of the patient or to the duration of the disease. Conclusions:All patients with HIV should undergo Ophthalmic examination, irrespective of the CD4 T Cell count, Duration of Disease or presence of symptoms. Screening help in detecting these ocular diseases at early stage and thereby with early initiation of appropriate treatment help in reducing the visual morbidity.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 9, 2022

It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and... more It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema. There was statistically significant positive association of retinal changes with proteinuria (p= 0.0001), and severity of the PIH (p= 0.004). Conclusions: Retinal changes were seen in 67% of patients with PIH. Better antenatal care and early detection and treatment of PIH cases is needful so that there will be decrease in the chances of developing retinopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on the Prevalence of Fundus Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Antenatal Care Patients Attending Gmers Hospital, Valsad

International Journal of Advanced Research

Purpose: It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension ... more Purpose: It was to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and any association between the Retinal changes and age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, Proteinuria and Severity of the disease. Study design: Hospital based Cross sectional study. Materials & method: All the patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIH were included in this study. Age, Gravida, Parity, Blood pressure, and Proteinuria were noted from the case record. Fundus examination was done by Indirect Ophthalmolscopy. The finding were noted and were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Result: The mean age of patients was 23.48 years. Prevalence of fundus changes in PIH is 67%. Out of 88 patients, 41 (46.59%) were the primigravida. 3 (7.31%) patients had gestational hypertension, 17 (41.46%) patients had preeclampsia, and 21 (51.21%) had eclampsia. Hypertensive retinopathies were noted in 59 (67%) patients. Retinal detachment was seen in one patient and one patient with papilloedema...

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Ocular Manifestations in Hiv/Aids Patients Attending Art Centre at Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat

International Journal of Advanced Research

Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to sig... more Introduction:AIDS is a multisystem disease, which can affect any part of the eye& can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Around 40-70% of patients with HIV infection develops one of the ocular manifestations during lifetime. Introduction of HAART had significantly reduced occurrence of opportunistic infections and neoplasia in these patients. Purpose:This study was conducted to study various ocular manifestations in HIV patients and to find out their prevalence and correlation with CD4 T Cell count. Material & Methods:We conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on 100 confirmed HIV patients taking HAART. We conducted detailed ocular examination of these patients including vision assessment, IOP measurement, slit lamp examination and fundus examination. CD4 T Cell count and Duration of the Disease was also noted. Results:We found 52% prevalence of HIV related ocular manifestations. Anterior Segment manifestations were more common than Posterior Segment. Dry Eye was the most common...