rabih rammal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by rabih rammal
Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. L... more Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. Luckily, humans have started to raise the alert bit by bit in the world of adults, officials, and even universities. However, the world of teenagers seems to be off the alerting map. This is a huge mistake considering that young minds are more capable than any adult to understand and raise a certain cause. This is why aiming out for these youngsters should be the primary concern on the agenda of any “Go Green” movement or organization. There is primordial need to integrate the renewable energy concept in a very simplified way to elementary school students who, with the correct education, could turn into a powerful green weapon for the crude black future. Hence, in this work, several alteration propositions are made to update and reshape the book chapters on electricity given to students by adding the components of renewable energy as energy sources for a better future. The end product of this research is a toolbox, a “Go Green” box, that contains a booklet consisting of a wide spectrum of renewable energy experiments. This box can be used at schools for a pair of partners and would guide them in the protocol step by step to reach the conclusion. It would therefore make them understand by themselves the benefits of the investigated renewable energy source.
ABSTRACT This paper shows the development of a new measurement range working outdoor in Near-Fiel... more ABSTRACT This paper shows the development of a new measurement range working outdoor in Near-Field time-domain, and used to characterize ultra-wide band as well as narrow band antennas. I. INTRODUCTION Compared to closed measurements areas as anechoic chambers, this measurement range guarantees many benefits: working outdoor eliminates the installation costs and permits to characterize large dimensions antennas; time-domain signals provide the frequency response in all the measured bandwidth with only one data acquisition, i.e. a potential gain in measurement time. In addition, this measurement range is clean with respect to the electromagnetic environment. This paper presents the principle of this measurement range, time - gating, the principle of Far-Field and Gain calculations. The paper ends with the validation of the proposed technique.
InTech eBooks, Oct 11, 2017
This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transform... more This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transformers, generators, and motors used in power system. Equivalent circuit models are presented and basic equations are developed. Through tests and operating conditions, essential parameters for each presented machine are extracted. Graphical user interface (GUI) on MATLAB software is used to study and analyze each element. GUI allows better comprehension and clearer vision to analyze the performance of each electric machine, thus, a complementary educational tool. In addition, GUI permits optimal collaborative learning situations when linked with the theoretical expansion and, thus, is a teaching process that forges the connection between traditional subjects and science education.
Journal of electrical engineering & electronic technology, 2017
Frequency-domain measurement techniques in an enclosed area suffer from some limitations when dea... more Frequency-domain measurement techniques in an enclosed area suffer from some limitations when dealing with antennas of large physical dimensions or when operating in the low-frequency range. This paper presents a measurement test bench for antenna characterization based on outdoor time-domain measurements. The setup is applied to ultra-wide-band and narrow-band antennas yielding good far-field antenna characterization results as compared to standard measurement techniques. This approach employs a near-field to far-field transformation technique to obtain the radiation pattern of any radiating structure over a wide band of frequencies, from a single time-domain near-field data acquisition. The suggested approach offers significant savings in installation and material cost, in addition to a considerable reduction in measurement time.
A cylindrical near field antenna measurement facility working in the time domain and combining Ne... more A cylindrical near field antenna measurement facility working in the time domain and combining Near Field to Far Field transformation is presented. A transient impulses generator of 3 GHz bandwidth is used as antenna feeder. The received signal is measured in time domain by an UWB sensor connected to a real time oscilloscope. Because this setup is based on outdoor measurement, it offers significant yields in installation and material cost.
2022 International Conference on Smart Systems and Power Management (IC2SPM)
2021 IEEE 3rd International Multidisciplinary Conference on Engineering Technology (IMCET), 2021
Power transmission lines are the heart of electric power system. They are exposed to several type... more Power transmission lines are the heart of electric power system. They are exposed to several types of faults affecting the user's services, so it is very important to protect the power system precisely, rapidly and reliably. Fault classification and localization problems can be solved more easily with the introduction of modern machine learning approaches and supervised training methods. In this work, two main models are created and studied in PSCAD software for high voltage and medium voltage networks with three specific distances at several types of faults using multiple run method. The obtained results reveal the high potential and the efficiency of the proposed method in transmission line fault detection.
2021 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2021
The solution of the increase in electricity bills especially in a residential apartment is done b... more The solution of the increase in electricity bills especially in a residential apartment is done by smart metering and power management system that controls the consumption of each appliance in the home and leads to the reduction in electricity bills. This can be done using the programmable logic controller (PLC) that facilitates our work and makes it much better. In this system, a human-machine interface (HMI) is used to control the loads where it displays the options of what the user should turn ON/OFF in order to achieve low bills. For that, the system should receive the price of the bill that the user wants to pay at the end of the month and then it will start work accordingly.
2021 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2021
Renewable energies have experienced significant growth in recent years, and it becomes a more cri... more Renewable energies have experienced significant growth in recent years, and it becomes a more critical type of energy in developed and developing countries in order to produce electricity. In this paper, an overview of the design and calculations of 100 MW PV farm and 68 MW wind farm integrated to the Lebanese national grid at Baalback and Akkar districts respectively will be presented and discussed including technical aspects of the models. The study was simulated and analyzed using ETAP power analysis software one of the leading Power analysis software’s in the market.
2017 Sensors Networks Smart and Emerging Technologies (SENSET), 2017
The failure of the main grid to feed its load demand continuously and the high cost of fuel consu... more The failure of the main grid to feed its load demand continuously and the high cost of fuel consumption taken by the individual generators, push us to start thinking about a solution. Moreover, the pollution of its different kinds and their consequences due to the high use of fossil fuel dependent machines and the global uninterrupted increasing in the fuel cost are also a problem. One solution is to design a hybrid micro grid that will decrease the use of fuels and at the same time it will reduce the bill to the users. This paper includes information about micro grid in general, selected load demand, components used, the designing process, and in addition to that it includes the optimum design using Homer software.
Science Education - Research and New Technologies, 2017
This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transform... more This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transformers, generators, and motors used in power system. Equivalent circuit models are presented and basic equations are developed. Through tests and operating conditions, essential parameters for each presented machine are extracted. Graphical user interface (GUI) on MATLAB software is used to study and analyze each element. GUI allows better comprehension and clearer vision to analyze the performance of each electric machine, thus, a complementary educational tool. In addition, GUI permits optimal collaborative learning situations when linked with the theoretical expansion and, thus, is a teaching process that forges the connection between traditional subjects and science education.
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
This paper discusses the potential of implementing solar panels in two campuses of the Lebanese I... more This paper discusses the potential of implementing solar panels in two campuses of the Lebanese International University (LIU) to harvest solar energy. The design is conducted using HelioScope simulation tool, specifying all the mechanical parameters and the electrical components used in the proposed PV system. The expected system power is estimated to be at least 5 times the campus energy demand. The payback time of the project is calculated, showing the economic benefits of such project.
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
Current solar panels can be improved using several techniques that boost the efficiency and cell ... more Current solar panels can be improved using several techniques that boost the efficiency and cell performance. Looking in the latest studies currently on-going in the laboratories, two main fields were mostly taking a considerable success: PERC technology and passive thermal management. PERC technology involves the addition of a dielectric passivation layer to the already existing layers in the p-type crystalline wafers. This helps trap more sunlight and generate more electricity, thus improving the crystalline silicon panel. In addition, proper thermal management of photovoltaics leads to better heat dissipation, which improves the conversion of sunlight to electricity and maintains a stable panel performance in the long run.
An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit, and use ... more An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit, and use electric power. An example of an electric power system is the network that supplies a region's homes and industry with power. Due to the complexity and nonlinearity of the power system, hand calculations may be very complicated in some cases, especially when the number of buses or inputs is very large. Here comes the role of software for convergence, time saving, and accuracy. The "Electric Power System Simulator" focuses on three main concepts in power system analysis, the "Power Flow Calculation,""Faults Calculation," and "Economic Dispatch Calculation."
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. L... more Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. Luckily, humans have started to raise the alert bit by bit in the world of adults, officials, and even universities. However, the world of teenagers seems to be off the alerting map. This is a huge mistake considering that young minds are more capable than any adult to understand and raise a certain cause. This is why aiming out for these youngsters should be the primary concern on the agenda of any “Go Green” movement or organization. There is primordial need to integrate the renewable energy concept in a very simplified way to elementary school students who, with the correct education, could turn into a powerful green weapon for the crude black future. Hence, in this work, several alteration propositions are made to update and reshape the book chapters on electricity given to students by adding the components of renewable energy as energy sources for a better future. The end product of this research is a toolbox, a “Go Green” box, that contains a booklet consisting of a wide spectrum of renewable energy experiments. This box can be used at schools for a pair of partners and would guide them in the protocol step by step to reach the conclusion. It would therefore make them understand by themselves the benefits of the investigated renewable energy source.
2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2018
The unexpected pattern of natural resources assesses integrated utilization of these sources to p... more The unexpected pattern of natural resources assesses integrated utilization of these sources to provide persistent and reliable power supply to the consumers. Considering that solar and wind technologies’ configurations and their required electrical components are exhibited, this paper discloses the study of a hybrid renewable energy system along with the challenges associated to its modeling and sizing particularly in remote places. The paper investigates thoroughly the hybridization requirements in such areas. A detailed study is carried out to improve a typical existing hybrid solar-wind-DG system already implemented and supplying a base station located in the Chouf region - Lebanon. The system is designed and simulated under HOMER software program, which is used to test its performance technically and financially. Results are evaluated and considered as general outcomes that can be adopted for designing distant hybrid systems.
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2018
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 2017
Reliab ility in data collect ion for wireless sensor networks is one of the major problems in IoT... more Reliab ility in data collect ion for wireless sensor networks is one of the major problems in IoT applications. Sensor nodes are usually placed in harsh conditions where data communication is at risk of losing packets. Retransmissions are considered costly in terms of delay and power consumptions, especially that wireless sensor nodes are battery operated. In this context we introduce SR-Code, a novel network coding algorith m that achieves reliability in harsh conditions. SR-Code utilizes the XOR operator to code overheard packets. The targeted network topology is a 2-tier network where data loss can occur in all t iers. SR-Code utilizes bit addresses where each node is identified by a single bit in an address bit vector. Identifying packets and computing the cardinality of coded messages can be easily done using address bit vectors. SR-Code realizes redundancy as a function of overheard packet. SR-Code achieved a reliability factor of 75% when the number of packets lost was 100% o f the orig inal (un-coded) packet sent.
2016 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA), 2016
Electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use elec... more Electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use electric power. Due to the complexity and non-linearity of the power system, hand calculations may be very complicated in some cases, especially when the number of buses or inputs is very large. The aim of this paper is developing an electric power system software that focuses on three main concepts in power system analysis: fault calculation, power flow calculation, and economic dispatch calculation using GUI/MATLAB. This tool is considered as an educational interface that could be used by EE students helping them in analyzing the principles of a given power system.
Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. L... more Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. Luckily, humans have started to raise the alert bit by bit in the world of adults, officials, and even universities. However, the world of teenagers seems to be off the alerting map. This is a huge mistake considering that young minds are more capable than any adult to understand and raise a certain cause. This is why aiming out for these youngsters should be the primary concern on the agenda of any “Go Green” movement or organization. There is primordial need to integrate the renewable energy concept in a very simplified way to elementary school students who, with the correct education, could turn into a powerful green weapon for the crude black future. Hence, in this work, several alteration propositions are made to update and reshape the book chapters on electricity given to students by adding the components of renewable energy as energy sources for a better future. The end product of this research is a toolbox, a “Go Green” box, that contains a booklet consisting of a wide spectrum of renewable energy experiments. This box can be used at schools for a pair of partners and would guide them in the protocol step by step to reach the conclusion. It would therefore make them understand by themselves the benefits of the investigated renewable energy source.
ABSTRACT This paper shows the development of a new measurement range working outdoor in Near-Fiel... more ABSTRACT This paper shows the development of a new measurement range working outdoor in Near-Field time-domain, and used to characterize ultra-wide band as well as narrow band antennas. I. INTRODUCTION Compared to closed measurements areas as anechoic chambers, this measurement range guarantees many benefits: working outdoor eliminates the installation costs and permits to characterize large dimensions antennas; time-domain signals provide the frequency response in all the measured bandwidth with only one data acquisition, i.e. a potential gain in measurement time. In addition, this measurement range is clean with respect to the electromagnetic environment. This paper presents the principle of this measurement range, time - gating, the principle of Far-Field and Gain calculations. The paper ends with the validation of the proposed technique.
InTech eBooks, Oct 11, 2017
This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transform... more This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transformers, generators, and motors used in power system. Equivalent circuit models are presented and basic equations are developed. Through tests and operating conditions, essential parameters for each presented machine are extracted. Graphical user interface (GUI) on MATLAB software is used to study and analyze each element. GUI allows better comprehension and clearer vision to analyze the performance of each electric machine, thus, a complementary educational tool. In addition, GUI permits optimal collaborative learning situations when linked with the theoretical expansion and, thus, is a teaching process that forges the connection between traditional subjects and science education.
Journal of electrical engineering & electronic technology, 2017
Frequency-domain measurement techniques in an enclosed area suffer from some limitations when dea... more Frequency-domain measurement techniques in an enclosed area suffer from some limitations when dealing with antennas of large physical dimensions or when operating in the low-frequency range. This paper presents a measurement test bench for antenna characterization based on outdoor time-domain measurements. The setup is applied to ultra-wide-band and narrow-band antennas yielding good far-field antenna characterization results as compared to standard measurement techniques. This approach employs a near-field to far-field transformation technique to obtain the radiation pattern of any radiating structure over a wide band of frequencies, from a single time-domain near-field data acquisition. The suggested approach offers significant savings in installation and material cost, in addition to a considerable reduction in measurement time.
A cylindrical near field antenna measurement facility working in the time domain and combining Ne... more A cylindrical near field antenna measurement facility working in the time domain and combining Near Field to Far Field transformation is presented. A transient impulses generator of 3 GHz bandwidth is used as antenna feeder. The received signal is measured in time domain by an UWB sensor connected to a real time oscilloscope. Because this setup is based on outdoor measurement, it offers significant yields in installation and material cost.
2022 International Conference on Smart Systems and Power Management (IC2SPM)
2021 IEEE 3rd International Multidisciplinary Conference on Engineering Technology (IMCET), 2021
Power transmission lines are the heart of electric power system. They are exposed to several type... more Power transmission lines are the heart of electric power system. They are exposed to several types of faults affecting the user's services, so it is very important to protect the power system precisely, rapidly and reliably. Fault classification and localization problems can be solved more easily with the introduction of modern machine learning approaches and supervised training methods. In this work, two main models are created and studied in PSCAD software for high voltage and medium voltage networks with three specific distances at several types of faults using multiple run method. The obtained results reveal the high potential and the efficiency of the proposed method in transmission line fault detection.
2021 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2021
The solution of the increase in electricity bills especially in a residential apartment is done b... more The solution of the increase in electricity bills especially in a residential apartment is done by smart metering and power management system that controls the consumption of each appliance in the home and leads to the reduction in electricity bills. This can be done using the programmable logic controller (PLC) that facilitates our work and makes it much better. In this system, a human-machine interface (HMI) is used to control the loads where it displays the options of what the user should turn ON/OFF in order to achieve low bills. For that, the system should receive the price of the bill that the user wants to pay at the end of the month and then it will start work accordingly.
2021 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2021
Renewable energies have experienced significant growth in recent years, and it becomes a more cri... more Renewable energies have experienced significant growth in recent years, and it becomes a more critical type of energy in developed and developing countries in order to produce electricity. In this paper, an overview of the design and calculations of 100 MW PV farm and 68 MW wind farm integrated to the Lebanese national grid at Baalback and Akkar districts respectively will be presented and discussed including technical aspects of the models. The study was simulated and analyzed using ETAP power analysis software one of the leading Power analysis software’s in the market.
2017 Sensors Networks Smart and Emerging Technologies (SENSET), 2017
The failure of the main grid to feed its load demand continuously and the high cost of fuel consu... more The failure of the main grid to feed its load demand continuously and the high cost of fuel consumption taken by the individual generators, push us to start thinking about a solution. Moreover, the pollution of its different kinds and their consequences due to the high use of fossil fuel dependent machines and the global uninterrupted increasing in the fuel cost are also a problem. One solution is to design a hybrid micro grid that will decrease the use of fuels and at the same time it will reduce the bill to the users. This paper includes information about micro grid in general, selected load demand, components used, the designing process, and in addition to that it includes the optimum design using Homer software.
Science Education - Research and New Technologies, 2017
This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transform... more This chapter presents an educational modeling and parametric study of specific types of transformers, generators, and motors used in power system. Equivalent circuit models are presented and basic equations are developed. Through tests and operating conditions, essential parameters for each presented machine are extracted. Graphical user interface (GUI) on MATLAB software is used to study and analyze each element. GUI allows better comprehension and clearer vision to analyze the performance of each electric machine, thus, a complementary educational tool. In addition, GUI permits optimal collaborative learning situations when linked with the theoretical expansion and, thus, is a teaching process that forges the connection between traditional subjects and science education.
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
This paper discusses the potential of implementing solar panels in two campuses of the Lebanese I... more This paper discusses the potential of implementing solar panels in two campuses of the Lebanese International University (LIU) to harvest solar energy. The design is conducted using HelioScope simulation tool, specifying all the mechanical parameters and the electrical components used in the proposed PV system. The expected system power is estimated to be at least 5 times the campus energy demand. The payback time of the project is calculated, showing the economic benefits of such project.
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
Current solar panels can be improved using several techniques that boost the efficiency and cell ... more Current solar panels can be improved using several techniques that boost the efficiency and cell performance. Looking in the latest studies currently on-going in the laboratories, two main fields were mostly taking a considerable success: PERC technology and passive thermal management. PERC technology involves the addition of a dielectric passivation layer to the already existing layers in the p-type crystalline wafers. This helps trap more sunlight and generate more electricity, thus improving the crystalline silicon panel. In addition, proper thermal management of photovoltaics leads to better heat dissipation, which improves the conversion of sunlight to electricity and maintains a stable panel performance in the long run.
An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit, and use ... more An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit, and use electric power. An example of an electric power system is the network that supplies a region's homes and industry with power. Due to the complexity and nonlinearity of the power system, hand calculations may be very complicated in some cases, especially when the number of buses or inputs is very large. Here comes the role of software for convergence, time saving, and accuracy. The "Electric Power System Simulator" focuses on three main concepts in power system analysis, the "Power Flow Calculation,""Faults Calculation," and "Economic Dispatch Calculation."
2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), 2017
Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. L... more Ages are passing and the world is consuming nonrenewable energy sources at an exponential rate. Luckily, humans have started to raise the alert bit by bit in the world of adults, officials, and even universities. However, the world of teenagers seems to be off the alerting map. This is a huge mistake considering that young minds are more capable than any adult to understand and raise a certain cause. This is why aiming out for these youngsters should be the primary concern on the agenda of any “Go Green” movement or organization. There is primordial need to integrate the renewable energy concept in a very simplified way to elementary school students who, with the correct education, could turn into a powerful green weapon for the crude black future. Hence, in this work, several alteration propositions are made to update and reshape the book chapters on electricity given to students by adding the components of renewable energy as energy sources for a better future. The end product of this research is a toolbox, a “Go Green” box, that contains a booklet consisting of a wide spectrum of renewable energy experiments. This box can be used at schools for a pair of partners and would guide them in the protocol step by step to reach the conclusion. It would therefore make them understand by themselves the benefits of the investigated renewable energy source.
2018 4th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2018
The unexpected pattern of natural resources assesses integrated utilization of these sources to p... more The unexpected pattern of natural resources assesses integrated utilization of these sources to provide persistent and reliable power supply to the consumers. Considering that solar and wind technologies’ configurations and their required electrical components are exhibited, this paper discloses the study of a hybrid renewable energy system along with the challenges associated to its modeling and sizing particularly in remote places. The paper investigates thoroughly the hybridization requirements in such areas. A detailed study is carried out to improve a typical existing hybrid solar-wind-DG system already implemented and supplying a base station located in the Chouf region - Lebanon. The system is designed and simulated under HOMER software program, which is used to test its performance technically and financially. Results are evaluated and considered as general outcomes that can be adopted for designing distant hybrid systems.
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2018
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 2017
Reliab ility in data collect ion for wireless sensor networks is one of the major problems in IoT... more Reliab ility in data collect ion for wireless sensor networks is one of the major problems in IoT applications. Sensor nodes are usually placed in harsh conditions where data communication is at risk of losing packets. Retransmissions are considered costly in terms of delay and power consumptions, especially that wireless sensor nodes are battery operated. In this context we introduce SR-Code, a novel network coding algorith m that achieves reliability in harsh conditions. SR-Code utilizes the XOR operator to code overheard packets. The targeted network topology is a 2-tier network where data loss can occur in all t iers. SR-Code utilizes bit addresses where each node is identified by a single bit in an address bit vector. Identifying packets and computing the cardinality of coded messages can be easily done using address bit vectors. SR-Code realizes redundancy as a function of overheard packet. SR-Code achieved a reliability factor of 75% when the number of packets lost was 100% o f the orig inal (un-coded) packet sent.
2016 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA), 2016
Electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use elec... more Electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use electric power. Due to the complexity and non-linearity of the power system, hand calculations may be very complicated in some cases, especially when the number of buses or inputs is very large. The aim of this paper is developing an electric power system software that focuses on three main concepts in power system analysis: fault calculation, power flow calculation, and economic dispatch calculation using GUI/MATLAB. This tool is considered as an educational interface that could be used by EE students helping them in analyzing the principles of a given power system.