rafael Grossi Botelho - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by rafael Grossi Botelho
action range, low cost and efficiency in the control of tropical disease vectors, such as typhoid... more action range, low cost and efficiency in the control of tropical disease vectors, such as typhoid fever and malaria [1]. After the release of DDT, a large range of molecule groups destined to crop protection were developed and commercialized. In 1962, the book "Silent Spring" was the first act of environment manifest against DDT, describing the bird population decrease (from the top of the food chain) attributed to its indiscriminate use. After the 1960's, the use of chemical products in agriculture rapidly increased and it was associated with the appearance of environmental and human health problems. The frequent and incorrect use of pesticides have caused soil, atmosphere, food and water resource (superficial/underwater) contaminations, negatively affecting aquatic and terrestrial organisms as well as frequently causing toxicity to the human population. Therefore, studies are urgently needed to make environmental monitoring procedures viable in order to detect potential contamination risks and give support to public actions for environmental safety and agriculture sustainability. Currently, product mixtures (associations between one or more molecules) are applied in agriculture instead of individual molecules; therefore, previous studies that focused on only one molecule should now consider molecule mixtures.
Recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compound... more Recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compounds, to minimize the negative impacts to the environment. This study aimed to verify the effects of Neem-based bio-pesticide in causing acute toxicity for a fish and chronic toxicity for a microcrustacean. To this end, Danio rerio and Daphnia magna were exposed to various concentrations of a Neem-based oil formulation. In the first experiment, adults of D. rerio were exposed for 96 hours to different concentrations to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50-96h). For D. magna, first an acute toxicity test was performed to determine the median effective concentration (EC50-48h). Based on the EC50 established in the acute test, the concentrations for the 21-day chronic toxicity test were determined. Endpoints evaluated were reproduction (number of neonates produced) and size of D. magna. The median lethal concentration for the fish was 0.22 mL L, and the median effective concentratio...
The quality of water resources is perhaps currently the most discussed topic when it comes to env... more The quality of water resources is perhaps currently the most discussed topic when it comes to environmental preservation, since aquatic ecosystems have been suffering changes worldwide in most cases irreversible. Such changes are often associated with human activities such as deforestation, release of industrial and domestic effluents, and even the use of pesticides in agricultural fields, which is one of sources that most contributes to the fall of quality of water resources.
Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2017
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água do Ribeirão Samambaia (São Pedro... more RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água do Ribeirão Samambaia (São Pedro, São Paulo, Brasil) utilizando parâmetros físicos e químicos, índice de estado trófico (IET) e ensaio ecotoxicológico com Daphnia magna. De janeiro a dezembro de 2011, amostras de água foram coletas mensalmente à montante e à jusante de São Pedro e dentro da cidade, e expostas a D. magna em laboratório durante 48 horas para avaliar efeitos sobre sua mobilidade. Condutividade, fenóis, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, surfactantes, pH e IET foram mensurados. Valores dos cinco primeiros parâmetros demonstraram baixa qualidade da água à jusante da cidade. Valores de clorofila-a estiveram dentro do permitido pela legislação ambiental brasileira e, dessa forma, o IET das águas do Ribeirão Samambaia foi classificado como ultraoligotrófico para a maioria dos locais e meses amostrados. Amostras de água coletadas de janeiro a abril à jusante de São Pedro foram tóxicas para D. ...
Holos Environment, 2014
Uma avaliação espaço-temporal das concentrações de clorofila a bem como a determinação do índice ... more Uma avaliação espaço-temporal das concentrações de clorofila a bem como a determinação do índice de estado trófico (IET) na água do rio Piracicaba foram realizados entre março de 2011 a janeiro de 2012. Amostras de água foram coletadas mensalmente ao longo do rio em seis pontos e analisadas. Durante o estudo, amostras de água coletadas em todos os locais de amostragens assim como em todos os meses apresentaram valores de clorofila a abaixo do estabelecido pela legislação ambiental brasileira. A água coletada nos meses de outubro e novembro e aquelas amostradas à montante e à jusante de Piracicaba foram as que apresentaram maiores valores de IET baseado na clorofila a. Pelo fato do rio Piracicaba estar localizado em uma área altamente industrializada e habitada, esperava-se observar valores de IET mais elevados nos pontos amostrados. Deve-se ressaltar, no entanto, que a diluição de nutrientes oriundos das atividades agrícolas e industriais, além da inibição do crescimento das algas p...
A Deus por sempre estar presente na minha vida, me dando alegrias, saúde e sucesso. Ao Centro de ... more A Deus por sempre estar presente na minha vida, me dando alegrias, saúde e sucesso. Ao Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) e ao Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia onde este trabalho foi realizado. Ao Prof. Doutor Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo primeiramente por ter aceitado orientar-me, pela paciência, conselhos, e além de tudo pela amizade ao longo destes anos. Á Fapesp pelo suporte financeiro para que este trabalho e outros fossem realizados. Á minha esposa Nayara Duarte Soares e ao meu querido e precioso filho Danilo Soares Grossi Botelho por fazerem parte da minha vida. Aos meus pais Gessy Botelho da Silva e Mara Angélica Grossi Botelho por tudo que já fizeram e ainda fazem por mim. Pelo incentivo, amizade, conselhos, apoio, educação. Sem vocês a vida não teria sentido. Ao meu irmão Felipe Grossi Botelho, pela amizade, apoio e incentivo.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2015
Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative ... more Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative responses in the early life stage of zebrafish,
Emerging Pollutants in the Environment - Current and Further Implications, 2015
In recent years, pharmaceutical pollution in the environment has been a great concern due to the ... more In recent years, pharmaceutical pollution in the environment has been a great concern due to the potential effects on the human and animal health. Some of the most used classes such as antibiotics, which are used to prevent and treat bacterial infections and promote the growth of livestock, deserve to be highlighted since their intensive use has contaminated environmental matrices such as soil, water, sediment, plants, and animals with effects on the biota. To better understand the potential ecological risk of antibiotics in environments and to develop management strategies for these substances searching to reach the reduction of these compounds in aquatic systems, one of the most important steps is to determine the environmental concentrations of these compounds in the environments through analytical methods and evaluate their effects on the biota. The goal of this chapter is contribute with information about the effects of these compounds on the biota as well as its environmental behavior and bacterial resistance in additional to the main techniques for samples preparation and quantitative and confirmatory methods for its determination in the environment.
Chemosphere, 2015
h i g h l i g h t s We examine genotoxic responses of fishes exposed to florfenicol and oxytetrac... more h i g h l i g h t s We examine genotoxic responses of fishes exposed to florfenicol and oxytetracycline. Environmental concentrations of both antibiotics induce DNA damage in fishes. Environmental concentrations of both antibiotics are not safe for fishes. Florfenicol and oxytetracycline should be carefully used in aquaculture.
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 2015
The aim of this study was to determine the environmental concentration of atrazine (ATZ) in five ... more The aim of this study was to determine the environmental concentration of atrazine (ATZ) in five streams located in the north of São Paulo state (Brazil) and evaluate its toxicological impact on young specimens of the pacu fish Piaractus mesopotamicus. Samples of water were collected on three occasions between 2010 and 2011, corresponding to periods signifying the beginning, middle, and end of rain season. ATZ levels were estimated by a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) triple quadrupole. Later, the quotient of environmental risk (QR) was determined based on the medium lethal concentration (LC50 48 h), non-observable effect concentration (NOEC), and the estimated environmental concentration (EEC) of ATZ detected in the environment. Histological changes in gills and liver were also studied, along with the brain activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The highest concentration of ATZ measured was 10.4 μg L-1. The ATZ LC50 ...
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2015
A quick and sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry meth... more A quick and sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method, using dynamic multiple reaction monitoring and a 1.8-μm particle size analytical column, was developed to determine 57 pesticides in tomato in a 13-min run. QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for samples preparations and validations was carried out in compliance with EU SANCO guidelines. The method was applied to 58 tomato samples. More than 84% of the compounds investigated showed limits of detection equal to or lower than 5 mg kg(-1). A mild (<20%), medium (20-50%), and strong (>50%) matrix effect was observed for 72%, 25%, and 3% of the pesticides studied, respectively. Eighty-one percent of the pesticides showed recoveries ranging between 70% and 120%. Twelve pesticides were detected in 35 samples, all below the maximum residue levels permitted in the Brazilian legislation; 15 samples exceeded the maximum residue levels established by the EU l...
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2009
Considerando o período de competição de plantas daninhas e a incidência da lagarta-do-cartucho na... more Considerando o período de competição de plantas daninhas e a incidência da lagarta-do-cartucho na cultura do milho, há necessidade de aplicação, em curto intervalo de tempo, de herbicidas e de inseticidas, principalmente o nicosulfuron e o chlorpyrifos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação sequencial do nicosulfuron e do chlorpyrifos sobre a emergência de plântulas do banco de sementes, a taxa de desprendimento de CO2 (respiração basal) e o C da biomassa microbiana (CBM) do solo. Foi realizada aplicação sequencial, em solo, do nicosulfuron (doses de 0 a 64 g ha-1) associado ou não ao chlorpyrifos (0 e 240 g ha-1). Aos 20, 40 e 60 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos produtos, todas as plântulas emergidas do banco de sementes foram identificadas em nível de espécie, sendo estimadas a frequência, densidade e abundância, além do índice de valor de importância (IVI). Aos 60 DAA, determinou-se também a taxa de desprendimento de CO2, o CBM e o quociente metabólico (qCO2), ...
Planta Daninha, 2009
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade de alevinos de Oreochromis niloticus a d... more Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade de alevinos de Oreochromis niloticus a diversos herbicidas. Para isso, foram realizados dois ensaios, sendo, no primeiro, avaliadas concentrações de atrazina (0; 2,5; 5; 10; e 20 mg L-1), visando a determinação da concentração letal a 50% dos indivíduos (CL50), e, no segundo, a sensibilidade às mesclas dos herbicidas alachlor + atrazina (5,33 + 5,33 mg L-1), diuron + MSMA (5,33 + 2,13 mg L-1), paraquat (1,33 mg L-1) e 2,4-D + picloram (1,28 + 0,34 mg L-1), com contagem de mortes 96 horas após exposição aos produtos. No primeiro ensaio foi observado elevado declínio na sobrevivência dos alevinos a partir de 3 mg L-1 do herbicida atrazina, com CL50 estimada de 5,02 mg L-1. No segundo, a mistura alachlor + atrazina promoveu o maior efeito de mortalidade sobre os alevinos de tilápia. Com 72 horas de exposição, a escala de intoxicação evidenciou redução nos números de indivíduos de, aproximadamente, 17,4% para os produtos paraquat,...
Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 2014
The aim of this one-year study (August 2009 to July 2010) was to evaluate the Corumbataí River wa... more The aim of this one-year study (August 2009 to July 2010) was to evaluate the Corumbataí River water polluted by anthropogenic sources and see how it affects the reproduction of the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia (Richard, 1984) in laboratory conditions over seven days of exposure to water samples collected monthly at six different locations. We determined the concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), as well as physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, conductivity, water temperature, and pH. Dissolved oxygen and conductivity demonstrated anthropogenic influence, as dissolved oxygen concentration decreased and conductivity increased from the upstream to the downstream stretch of the river. The effects on C. dubia were observed in the months with high precipitation, but the toxicity cannot be associated with any particular contaminant. Heavy metal levels kept well below the limit values. Zn and Pb had the highest concentration...
Revista Brasileira de Herbicidas, 2013
Os herbicidas são os produtos fitossanitários mais utilizados no mundo e indispensáveis para a pr... more Os herbicidas são os produtos fitossanitários mais utilizados no mundo e indispensáveis para a produção de alimentos em larga escala. São compostos sintetizados para ação tóxica contra plantas, porém, os mesmos podem apresentar efeitos negativos a diversos outros organismos. Uma das formas de contato e/ou absorção da molécula pelo organismo em questão, é quando a mesma encontra-se em um corpo hídrico. Dessa forma, monitorar a perda e acúmulo de herbicidas em mananciais é procedimento indispensável para produção agrícola sustentável, especialmente no Brasil, principal consumidor de produtos fitossanitários do mundo e um dos maiores produtores de alimentos e detentor de corpos hídricos. Propõem-se com essa revisão apresentar fatores técnicos, operacionais, edafoclimáticos, físicos e químicos dos herbicidas e legislativos a respeito da contaminação de mananciais por herbicidas. Também são apresentados herbicidas detectados recentemente em corpos hídricos do Brasil e as principais técni...
Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2012
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of vinasse to cladocerans and ... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of vinasse to cladocerans and fish before and after pH adjustment using an acute toxicity test. Linear and quadratic regression models were adjusted to demonstrate the concentration–response relationship between vinasse and the endpoints evaluated. The median lethal concentrations (LC50–48h) of vinasse before pH adjustment for Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna were 0.67% and 0.80% respectively, and the median lethal concentrations (LC50–96h) for Danio rerio was 2.62%. After pH adjustment, the values increased for all organisms, demonstrating a decrease in toxicity. This study reported marked toxicity for vinasse to aquatic organisms with toxicity reduction after pH adjustment.
Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2012
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of atrazine and pícloram separately to g... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of atrazine and pícloram separately to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Firstly, fingerlings were exposed to nominal concentrations of these herbicides to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) (96 h). After this, the animals were treated with sub-acute concentrations of the herbicides to measure the effects on gill histology. The LC50 (96 h)
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2013
A long-term study was conducted to evaluate Piracicaba River water (São Paulo state, Brazil) usin... more A long-term study was conducted to evaluate Piracicaba River water (São Paulo state, Brazil) using different methodologies and organisms. During 1 year (February 2011 to January 2012), water samples were collected monthly at six different locations and exposed under laboratory conditions to the microcrustaceans Ceriodaphnia dubia and Ceriodaphnia silvestrii for 7 days and to the fish Danio rerio for 4 days to evaluate effects on reproduction and on gill morphology, respectively. Physical-chemical parameters of the water were also measured. Physical-chemical characteristics demonstrated decreasing water quality from upstream to downstream of the river. Effects on the reproduction of C. dubia and C. silvestrii were observed in 3 months (February and March 2011 and January 2012) and occurred in samples collected close to industrialized cities like Americana and Piracicaba. Evaluation of the gills showed normal function of the organ during all months, except in February, September, and October for some locations.
action range, low cost and efficiency in the control of tropical disease vectors, such as typhoid... more action range, low cost and efficiency in the control of tropical disease vectors, such as typhoid fever and malaria [1]. After the release of DDT, a large range of molecule groups destined to crop protection were developed and commercialized. In 1962, the book "Silent Spring" was the first act of environment manifest against DDT, describing the bird population decrease (from the top of the food chain) attributed to its indiscriminate use. After the 1960's, the use of chemical products in agriculture rapidly increased and it was associated with the appearance of environmental and human health problems. The frequent and incorrect use of pesticides have caused soil, atmosphere, food and water resource (superficial/underwater) contaminations, negatively affecting aquatic and terrestrial organisms as well as frequently causing toxicity to the human population. Therefore, studies are urgently needed to make environmental monitoring procedures viable in order to detect potential contamination risks and give support to public actions for environmental safety and agriculture sustainability. Currently, product mixtures (associations between one or more molecules) are applied in agriculture instead of individual molecules; therefore, previous studies that focused on only one molecule should now consider molecule mixtures.
Recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compound... more Recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compounds, to minimize the negative impacts to the environment. This study aimed to verify the effects of Neem-based bio-pesticide in causing acute toxicity for a fish and chronic toxicity for a microcrustacean. To this end, Danio rerio and Daphnia magna were exposed to various concentrations of a Neem-based oil formulation. In the first experiment, adults of D. rerio were exposed for 96 hours to different concentrations to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50-96h). For D. magna, first an acute toxicity test was performed to determine the median effective concentration (EC50-48h). Based on the EC50 established in the acute test, the concentrations for the 21-day chronic toxicity test were determined. Endpoints evaluated were reproduction (number of neonates produced) and size of D. magna. The median lethal concentration for the fish was 0.22 mL L, and the median effective concentratio...
The quality of water resources is perhaps currently the most discussed topic when it comes to env... more The quality of water resources is perhaps currently the most discussed topic when it comes to environmental preservation, since aquatic ecosystems have been suffering changes worldwide in most cases irreversible. Such changes are often associated with human activities such as deforestation, release of industrial and domestic effluents, and even the use of pesticides in agricultural fields, which is one of sources that most contributes to the fall of quality of water resources.
Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2017
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água do Ribeirão Samambaia (São Pedro... more RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água do Ribeirão Samambaia (São Pedro, São Paulo, Brasil) utilizando parâmetros físicos e químicos, índice de estado trófico (IET) e ensaio ecotoxicológico com Daphnia magna. De janeiro a dezembro de 2011, amostras de água foram coletas mensalmente à montante e à jusante de São Pedro e dentro da cidade, e expostas a D. magna em laboratório durante 48 horas para avaliar efeitos sobre sua mobilidade. Condutividade, fenóis, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, surfactantes, pH e IET foram mensurados. Valores dos cinco primeiros parâmetros demonstraram baixa qualidade da água à jusante da cidade. Valores de clorofila-a estiveram dentro do permitido pela legislação ambiental brasileira e, dessa forma, o IET das águas do Ribeirão Samambaia foi classificado como ultraoligotrófico para a maioria dos locais e meses amostrados. Amostras de água coletadas de janeiro a abril à jusante de São Pedro foram tóxicas para D. ...
Holos Environment, 2014
Uma avaliação espaço-temporal das concentrações de clorofila a bem como a determinação do índice ... more Uma avaliação espaço-temporal das concentrações de clorofila a bem como a determinação do índice de estado trófico (IET) na água do rio Piracicaba foram realizados entre março de 2011 a janeiro de 2012. Amostras de água foram coletadas mensalmente ao longo do rio em seis pontos e analisadas. Durante o estudo, amostras de água coletadas em todos os locais de amostragens assim como em todos os meses apresentaram valores de clorofila a abaixo do estabelecido pela legislação ambiental brasileira. A água coletada nos meses de outubro e novembro e aquelas amostradas à montante e à jusante de Piracicaba foram as que apresentaram maiores valores de IET baseado na clorofila a. Pelo fato do rio Piracicaba estar localizado em uma área altamente industrializada e habitada, esperava-se observar valores de IET mais elevados nos pontos amostrados. Deve-se ressaltar, no entanto, que a diluição de nutrientes oriundos das atividades agrícolas e industriais, além da inibição do crescimento das algas p...
A Deus por sempre estar presente na minha vida, me dando alegrias, saúde e sucesso. Ao Centro de ... more A Deus por sempre estar presente na minha vida, me dando alegrias, saúde e sucesso. Ao Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) e ao Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia onde este trabalho foi realizado. Ao Prof. Doutor Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo primeiramente por ter aceitado orientar-me, pela paciência, conselhos, e além de tudo pela amizade ao longo destes anos. Á Fapesp pelo suporte financeiro para que este trabalho e outros fossem realizados. Á minha esposa Nayara Duarte Soares e ao meu querido e precioso filho Danilo Soares Grossi Botelho por fazerem parte da minha vida. Aos meus pais Gessy Botelho da Silva e Mara Angélica Grossi Botelho por tudo que já fizeram e ainda fazem por mim. Pelo incentivo, amizade, conselhos, apoio, educação. Sem vocês a vida não teria sentido. Ao meu irmão Felipe Grossi Botelho, pela amizade, apoio e incentivo.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2015
Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative ... more Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative responses in the early life stage of zebrafish,
Emerging Pollutants in the Environment - Current and Further Implications, 2015
In recent years, pharmaceutical pollution in the environment has been a great concern due to the ... more In recent years, pharmaceutical pollution in the environment has been a great concern due to the potential effects on the human and animal health. Some of the most used classes such as antibiotics, which are used to prevent and treat bacterial infections and promote the growth of livestock, deserve to be highlighted since their intensive use has contaminated environmental matrices such as soil, water, sediment, plants, and animals with effects on the biota. To better understand the potential ecological risk of antibiotics in environments and to develop management strategies for these substances searching to reach the reduction of these compounds in aquatic systems, one of the most important steps is to determine the environmental concentrations of these compounds in the environments through analytical methods and evaluate their effects on the biota. The goal of this chapter is contribute with information about the effects of these compounds on the biota as well as its environmental behavior and bacterial resistance in additional to the main techniques for samples preparation and quantitative and confirmatory methods for its determination in the environment.
Chemosphere, 2015
h i g h l i g h t s We examine genotoxic responses of fishes exposed to florfenicol and oxytetrac... more h i g h l i g h t s We examine genotoxic responses of fishes exposed to florfenicol and oxytetracycline. Environmental concentrations of both antibiotics induce DNA damage in fishes. Environmental concentrations of both antibiotics are not safe for fishes. Florfenicol and oxytetracycline should be carefully used in aquaculture.
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 2015
The aim of this study was to determine the environmental concentration of atrazine (ATZ) in five ... more The aim of this study was to determine the environmental concentration of atrazine (ATZ) in five streams located in the north of São Paulo state (Brazil) and evaluate its toxicological impact on young specimens of the pacu fish Piaractus mesopotamicus. Samples of water were collected on three occasions between 2010 and 2011, corresponding to periods signifying the beginning, middle, and end of rain season. ATZ levels were estimated by a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) triple quadrupole. Later, the quotient of environmental risk (QR) was determined based on the medium lethal concentration (LC50 48 h), non-observable effect concentration (NOEC), and the estimated environmental concentration (EEC) of ATZ detected in the environment. Histological changes in gills and liver were also studied, along with the brain activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The highest concentration of ATZ measured was 10.4 μg L-1. The ATZ LC50 ...
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2015
A quick and sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry meth... more A quick and sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method, using dynamic multiple reaction monitoring and a 1.8-μm particle size analytical column, was developed to determine 57 pesticides in tomato in a 13-min run. QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for samples preparations and validations was carried out in compliance with EU SANCO guidelines. The method was applied to 58 tomato samples. More than 84% of the compounds investigated showed limits of detection equal to or lower than 5 mg kg(-1). A mild (<20%), medium (20-50%), and strong (>50%) matrix effect was observed for 72%, 25%, and 3% of the pesticides studied, respectively. Eighty-one percent of the pesticides showed recoveries ranging between 70% and 120%. Twelve pesticides were detected in 35 samples, all below the maximum residue levels permitted in the Brazilian legislation; 15 samples exceeded the maximum residue levels established by the EU l...
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2009
Considerando o período de competição de plantas daninhas e a incidência da lagarta-do-cartucho na... more Considerando o período de competição de plantas daninhas e a incidência da lagarta-do-cartucho na cultura do milho, há necessidade de aplicação, em curto intervalo de tempo, de herbicidas e de inseticidas, principalmente o nicosulfuron e o chlorpyrifos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação sequencial do nicosulfuron e do chlorpyrifos sobre a emergência de plântulas do banco de sementes, a taxa de desprendimento de CO2 (respiração basal) e o C da biomassa microbiana (CBM) do solo. Foi realizada aplicação sequencial, em solo, do nicosulfuron (doses de 0 a 64 g ha-1) associado ou não ao chlorpyrifos (0 e 240 g ha-1). Aos 20, 40 e 60 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos produtos, todas as plântulas emergidas do banco de sementes foram identificadas em nível de espécie, sendo estimadas a frequência, densidade e abundância, além do índice de valor de importância (IVI). Aos 60 DAA, determinou-se também a taxa de desprendimento de CO2, o CBM e o quociente metabólico (qCO2), ...
Planta Daninha, 2009
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade de alevinos de Oreochromis niloticus a d... more Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade de alevinos de Oreochromis niloticus a diversos herbicidas. Para isso, foram realizados dois ensaios, sendo, no primeiro, avaliadas concentrações de atrazina (0; 2,5; 5; 10; e 20 mg L-1), visando a determinação da concentração letal a 50% dos indivíduos (CL50), e, no segundo, a sensibilidade às mesclas dos herbicidas alachlor + atrazina (5,33 + 5,33 mg L-1), diuron + MSMA (5,33 + 2,13 mg L-1), paraquat (1,33 mg L-1) e 2,4-D + picloram (1,28 + 0,34 mg L-1), com contagem de mortes 96 horas após exposição aos produtos. No primeiro ensaio foi observado elevado declínio na sobrevivência dos alevinos a partir de 3 mg L-1 do herbicida atrazina, com CL50 estimada de 5,02 mg L-1. No segundo, a mistura alachlor + atrazina promoveu o maior efeito de mortalidade sobre os alevinos de tilápia. Com 72 horas de exposição, a escala de intoxicação evidenciou redução nos números de indivíduos de, aproximadamente, 17,4% para os produtos paraquat,...
Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 2014
The aim of this one-year study (August 2009 to July 2010) was to evaluate the Corumbataí River wa... more The aim of this one-year study (August 2009 to July 2010) was to evaluate the Corumbataí River water polluted by anthropogenic sources and see how it affects the reproduction of the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia (Richard, 1984) in laboratory conditions over seven days of exposure to water samples collected monthly at six different locations. We determined the concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), as well as physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, conductivity, water temperature, and pH. Dissolved oxygen and conductivity demonstrated anthropogenic influence, as dissolved oxygen concentration decreased and conductivity increased from the upstream to the downstream stretch of the river. The effects on C. dubia were observed in the months with high precipitation, but the toxicity cannot be associated with any particular contaminant. Heavy metal levels kept well below the limit values. Zn and Pb had the highest concentration...
Revista Brasileira de Herbicidas, 2013
Os herbicidas são os produtos fitossanitários mais utilizados no mundo e indispensáveis para a pr... more Os herbicidas são os produtos fitossanitários mais utilizados no mundo e indispensáveis para a produção de alimentos em larga escala. São compostos sintetizados para ação tóxica contra plantas, porém, os mesmos podem apresentar efeitos negativos a diversos outros organismos. Uma das formas de contato e/ou absorção da molécula pelo organismo em questão, é quando a mesma encontra-se em um corpo hídrico. Dessa forma, monitorar a perda e acúmulo de herbicidas em mananciais é procedimento indispensável para produção agrícola sustentável, especialmente no Brasil, principal consumidor de produtos fitossanitários do mundo e um dos maiores produtores de alimentos e detentor de corpos hídricos. Propõem-se com essa revisão apresentar fatores técnicos, operacionais, edafoclimáticos, físicos e químicos dos herbicidas e legislativos a respeito da contaminação de mananciais por herbicidas. Também são apresentados herbicidas detectados recentemente em corpos hídricos do Brasil e as principais técni...
Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2012
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of vinasse to cladocerans and ... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of vinasse to cladocerans and fish before and after pH adjustment using an acute toxicity test. Linear and quadratic regression models were adjusted to demonstrate the concentration–response relationship between vinasse and the endpoints evaluated. The median lethal concentrations (LC50–48h) of vinasse before pH adjustment for Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna were 0.67% and 0.80% respectively, and the median lethal concentrations (LC50–96h) for Danio rerio was 2.62%. After pH adjustment, the values increased for all organisms, demonstrating a decrease in toxicity. This study reported marked toxicity for vinasse to aquatic organisms with toxicity reduction after pH adjustment.
Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2012
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of atrazine and pícloram separately to g... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of atrazine and pícloram separately to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Firstly, fingerlings were exposed to nominal concentrations of these herbicides to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) (96 h). After this, the animals were treated with sub-acute concentrations of the herbicides to measure the effects on gill histology. The LC50 (96 h)
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2013
A long-term study was conducted to evaluate Piracicaba River water (São Paulo state, Brazil) usin... more A long-term study was conducted to evaluate Piracicaba River water (São Paulo state, Brazil) using different methodologies and organisms. During 1 year (February 2011 to January 2012), water samples were collected monthly at six different locations and exposed under laboratory conditions to the microcrustaceans Ceriodaphnia dubia and Ceriodaphnia silvestrii for 7 days and to the fish Danio rerio for 4 days to evaluate effects on reproduction and on gill morphology, respectively. Physical-chemical parameters of the water were also measured. Physical-chemical characteristics demonstrated decreasing water quality from upstream to downstream of the river. Effects on the reproduction of C. dubia and C. silvestrii were observed in 3 months (February and March 2011 and January 2012) and occurred in samples collected close to industrialized cities like Americana and Piracicaba. Evaluation of the gills showed normal function of the organ during all months, except in February, September, and October for some locations.