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Papers by rahim mahari

Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, Dec 13, 2022

Deprem nedeniyle sıvılaşma meydana geldiğinde, zemin katmanlarının çözülmesi içinde bulunan veya ... more Deprem nedeniyle sıvılaşma meydana geldiğinde, zemin katmanlarının çözülmesi içinde bulunan veya yeraltı yapılarına hasar verebilir. Son yirmi yılda, farklı deneysel yöntemler alan ve laboratuvar test verilerine dayandırılarak hacimsel gerilme (zemin oturması) ve maksimum kayma gerginliğini belirlemek için kullanıldı. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, zemin sıvılaşmasından sonra zemin oturma oranı oranının değerlendirilmesi ve sıvılaşma potansiyel endeksi (LPI) ile oturma arasındaki çalışma ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Tebriz Metro 2 Hattı boyunca Standard Penetrasyon testi (SPT) 54 sondaj deliğindeki sonuçlarından zemin katmanlarının sıvılaşma potansiyelini tahmin etmek için kullanıldı. Daha sonra hem kuru hem de doymuş zemin katmanlarında sıvılaştırmaya bağlı olarak zemin katmanlarında oturma oranı hesaplanmıştır. Devamında LPI hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar gösteriyor ki, doymuş zemin katmanlarındaki oturma oranının, yeraltı su seviyesinin üzerindeki zemin katmanlardan belirgin derecede yüksek olduğunu ve zemin katmanlarının yoğunluğunun arttığında oturma oranının ve zemin hacimsel gerilimin azaldığını gösterdi. Ayrıca, zemin katmanlarında LPI ve zemin oturma değerleri arasında iyi bir uyum var.

In North West of Iran, north of Tabriz and Espiran region, around Bohlul Daghi mount, significant... more In North West of Iran, north of Tabriz and Espiran region, around Bohlul Daghi mount, significant expansion of agglomerate sediments and muddy sandstones with conglomerate interbeds, andesite and sometimes pebbly mudstone can be seen. This pyroclastic unit with Pleistoceneage and 322 m thickness is deposited unconformably on Upper Red formation. In these deposits, sedimentary structures are made, for example: greaded beding, scoured or channel, coarse-grained and fine-grained lenticular structure, cross bedding, flat laminations and massive beds. Gh, Gmm, Gms, Gm coarse-grainedclastic sedimentary facieses, Se, St, Shmedium-grained, and also Fl, Fm, Fcs fine-grained facieses were differentiated. Based on the microscopic properties of pyroclastic rocks can be the presence of Quartz, Biotite, Amphibole, Plagioclase, Chlorite and glass texture minerals. Regarding the texture properties and structures and lateral and vertical expansion of facieses, we can consider the lacustrine sediment...

Studied area is located in northen Tabriz (Northwest of Iran). Thickness of Triassic sedimentary ... more Studied area is located in northen Tabriz (Northwest of Iran). Thickness of Triassic sedimentary rocks in this region is 855 meters. The base of these rocks is isocline with Permian units and the top have angular unconformity with Miocene sediments. These sedimentary rocks can be divided into carbonate and terrigenous facies. Based on the microscopic and field studies five facies can be recognize in carbonates. These facies relates to supratidal, intertidal, lagoon, barrier and open marine environmens. Terrigenous part includes massive polymictic carbonate conglomerate. This conglomerate generated in type-scott of braided Rivers. Based on facies cycle, three sequences are distinguished in this sedimentary record. The lower boundary of the first sequence is SB2 and upper boundary of the third sequence is SB1. [Rahim Mahari. Sequence Stratigraphy Based on Facies and Sedimentary Environments of Triassic Elika Formation in North of Tabriz, Iran. Life Sci J 2012;9(2s):64-70] (ISSN:1097-8...

Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2018

After the occurrence of liquefaction due to earthquake, the settlement of soil layers damage to s... more After the occurrence of liquefaction due to earthquake, the settlement of soil layers damage to structures located on the ground or the underground. In the last two decades, different experimental methods were used to determine the rate of volumetric strain (settlement) and maximum shear strain based on field and laboratory test data. The main purpose of the present study is the evaluation of the rate of settlement after the occurrence of liquefaction in soils and study relationship between liquefaction potential index (LPI) and settlement. The results of the standard resistance penetration test along Tabriz Metro Line 2 used to estimate the liquefaction potential of soil layers in 54 boreholes. Then, the value of settlement in soil layers due to liquefaction in both dry and saturated soil layers were evaluated. In continue, LPI was calculated. The results of this study showed that the rate of settlement in saturated soil layers was remarkably higher than the layers above the underground water level and with an increase in the density of the soil layers, the rate of settlement and soil volumetric strain decreased. Also, there is a good adoption between LPI and settlement values in soil layers. Deprem nedeniyle sıvılaşma meydana geldiğinde, zemin katmanlarının çözülmesi içinde bulunan veya yeraltı yapılarına hasar verebilir. Son yirmi yılda, farklı deneysel yöntemler alan ve laboratuvar test verilerine dayandırılarak hacimsel gerilme (zemin oturması) ve maksimum kayma gerginliğini belirlemek için kullanıldı. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, zemin sıvılaşmasından sonra zemin oturma oranı oranının değerlendirilmesi ve sıvılaşma potansiyel endeksi (LPI) ile oturma arasındaki çalışma ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Tebriz Metro 2 Hattı boyunca Standard Penetrasyon testi (SPT) 54 sondaj deliğindeki sonuçlarından zemin katmanlarının sıvılaşma potansiyelini tahmin etmek için kullanıldı. Daha sonra hem kuru hem de doymuş zemin katmanlarında sıvılaştırmaya bağlı olarak zemin katmanlarında oturma oranı hesaplanmıştır. Devamında LPI hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar gösteriyor ki, doymuş zemin katmanlarındaki oturma oranının, yeraltı su seviyesinin üzerindeki zemin katmanlardan belirgin derecede yüksek olduğunu ve zemin katmanlarının yoğunluğunun arttığında oturma oranının ve zemin hacimsel gerilimin azaldığını gösterdi. Ayrıca, zemin katmanlarında LPI ve zemin oturma değerleri arasında iyi bir uyum var.

Open Journal of Geology, 2016

To estimate the volume of oil and gas in the hydrocarbon reservoirs, the rock-typing must be cons... more To estimate the volume of oil and gas in the hydrocarbon reservoirs, the rock-typing must be considered. The volume and type of available space in the reservoir rocks (porosity) and the ease of hydrocarbons flow (permeability) are important in the classification of rock-types. In the field study, touching-vug Porosities (intergranular, intercrystalline and brecciate) increase the total porosity and form high quality rock-types, on the other side, separated-vug porosities (such as moldic, intraparticle and vuggy) increase the total porosity but do not play a large role in the production of hydrocarbon. In this paper, based on the SCAL data (Special Core Analysis) and according to amount of irreducible water saturation (Swir) and capillary pressure, the reservoir rocks are divided into 4 classes including Reservoir Rock-Types 1 to Reservoir Rock-Types 4 (RRTs-1 to RRTs-4). By study of the prepared thin sections, we investigated the role of porosity in the rock-typing. Among the rock-types, category 1 is the best type-reservoir and category 4 is non-reservoir. Probably, the latest diagenetic process determines the quality rocks, not sedimentary environments.

Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2014

Lower Permian deposits in Kalmard region recognize with informal Group of Khan. They have various... more Lower Permian deposits in Kalmard region recognize with informal Group of Khan. They have various features in the differentplaces.ThisFormationconsistsofcarbonateandsandstonerocks.ChiliFormationencompassing170metersof carbonatedepositswiththicktomassivesandstoneandsandylimestoneinterbeds.LowerboundaryofthisFormation is disconformable with member D of Gachal Formation; and upper boundary, is disconformable with unnamed Lower Permian deposits. Accordingtothelithologicalcharactersandmicroscopicstudies,theabovementionedsectiondividedinto20carbonate microfacies.Thecombinationoffieldandmicroscopicstudies,causeidentificationsofbeach,Intratidal,openandsemirestrictedlagoon,shoalsandbar,tidalchannelandopenmarinesub-environmentsfortheChiliFormation.Verticalchanges ofmicrofaciesanddepthchangescurveshowmuchmorethicknessofshoalsandbar,lagoonandbeachmicrofacies,and littlethicknessofopenmarine,tidalchannelmicrofacies.ChiliFormationinGodar-e-Gachalsectionprecipitationinthe gentle gradient Homoclinal ramp in the south of Paleotethys Ocean. In sequence stratigraphy view carbonate-sandstone succession in Chili Formation are formed from four Depositional Sequences(DS)whichareseparatedbytype2SequenceBoundaries(SB2).Depositionalsequence1ofthisFormation separatedfrommemberDofGachalFormationandDepositionalsequence4ofChiliFormationseparatedfromunnamed LowerPermiandepositsbytype1SequenceBoundary(SB1). Four depositional sequences in this Formation show Sakmarian age which has adaptation with lower Absaroka II, III. Theuppererosionedboundary,betweenofChiliFormationandmemberDofGachalFormationhaveconformablewith fallingofsealevelinglobalscale.

Journal of Stratigraphy and Sedimentology Researches, 2019

The Ruteh Formation is the second sedimentary cycle in Alborz basin. The petrography and laborato... more The Ruteh Formation is the second sedimentary cycle in Alborz basin. The petrography and laboratory studies of these deposits led to the identification of 15 microfacies which were deposited in seven sub-environments including supratidal, intertidal, lagoon, shoal, open marine, middle ramp, and outer ramp. Since there were no turbidity deposits, the lack of marginal reef belt and the gradual changes of facies, it turned out that these sediments were deposited in a homoclinal carbonate ramp. The study of relative sea level changes was done according to vertical distribution of facies and their stacking patterns. These studies lead to identification of four depositional sequences. The petrography data and geochemical analyzes were used in order to identify the diagenetic processes and geochemical changes. The recognized diagenesis processes include micritization, cementation, compaction, stylolitization, silicification, ferrugenation and neomorphysm. These diagenetic processes took place in three diagenetic environments: marine-phreatic, meteoric-phreatic and burial. Geochemical analyzes confirms that the carbonate sediments of Ruteh Formation were originally composed of aragonite, which was eventually recrystallized to calcite during diagenesis. Plotting Sr/Ca versus Mn diagram approved that sediments was subjected to a meteoric diagenesis in a semi-closed to open diagenetic system. The results of this research can be used to provide a sedimentary model for these deposits which completes the palaeogeographical data for the Tethys Ocean.

Copyright © 2013 Mousa Bagheri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creati... more Copyright © 2013 Mousa Bagheri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Continental ichnology has been taking an ever increasing importance in stratigraphy. In this paper, Continental Trace Fossils in Semnan area have been studied. Semnan Province is one of the 31 provinces which is located in the north of Iran. In the East of Semnan City, Quaternary deposits occupy about 93 % of the surface area, of which the Alluvial represents one of the most important geomorphological features in the area. Nevertheless, the outspread ichnological studies in Semnan City have received lesser attention in Continental Trace Fossils. Based on the systematic ichnology, 6 trace fossils are distinguished, namely Celliforma isp, Coprinisphaera isp, Palaeophycus tubularis, planolithes isp, Tombownichnus plenus, and Skolithos is...

Surme Formation (Lower Jurassic- Lower Cretaceou) has created one of the most important gas field... more Surme Formation (Lower Jurassic- Lower Cretaceou) has created one of the most important gas fields in the Persian Gulf in the South of Iran. The present study aims to investigate facies changes of Surme Formation in Kish Gas Field and to interpret its conditions and sedimentary environments. Microscopic studies of the bits obtained by drilling operations in Kish Gas Field have led to the identification of 19 microfacies. Based on their formation conditions, these Microfacieses are classified into: 1. Tidal flat 2. Lagoon 3.Barrier, and 4. Open marine areas, which is indicative of a carbonate ramp with a generally even morphology in tropical areas.

Khamneh alluvial fan is one of several alluvial fans of the southern hillside of Misho Mountain i... more Khamneh alluvial fan is one of several alluvial fans of the southern hillside of Misho Mountain in North West of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan and north west of Iran. The general slope of this district is from north to south. Khamneh alluvial fan is consisting of conical or infundibular sediments that in southern hillside of Misho Mount from mountain side to the plains the thickness of its sediments is decreased and the extent of which is added. In sediments of Khamneh alluvial fan 10 sedimentary facies have been identified, including four gravel facies (Gms-Gm-Gt-Gp), four sand facies (St-Sh-Sp-Sl) and two muddy facies (FscFm). Based on the lateral extension of the facies four zones are determined: sand zone in proximal region, gravel zone in medial region, and mud and salt zones in distal region. Also, the vertical extension of the facies and the sedimentary cycles which are the result of it are indicative of general regression of alluvial fan towards the plains, active mountain front a...

The Late Paleocene-Eocene deposits,” Ziaratformatin” in Shahindej, located in the east of Shahind... more The Late Paleocene-Eocene deposits,” Ziaratformatin” in Shahindej, located in the east of Shahindej, the southeast of Azarbaijan province, Iran, are primarily made up of carbonate rocks. These deposits, which are of 144 meters thick, lie on the carbonates facies of Cretaceous and beneath the clastic beds of the Oligomiocene. To investigate the facies, sedimentary environments and sequential stratigraphy of these successions, a stratigraphic section was made in the southeast of Karatape village. Carbonate facies in this section have deposited in open marine, front bar barrier, back bar, sub tidal, and interidalfacies belts. The study of these fancies and comparing them with old and modern sedimentary environments reveal that these successions have deposited in a carbonated platform of homoclinal ramp type. The study of the vertical succession of microfacies shows at last five main sequences, which are made up of shallowing and deepening parasequences.

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2021

Journal of Earth Science, 2017

Open Journal of Geology, 2013

Continental ichnology has been taking an ever increasing importance in stratigraphy. In this pape... more Continental ichnology has been taking an ever increasing importance in stratigraphy. In this paper, Continental Trace Fossils in Semnan area have been studied. Semnan Province is one of the 31 provinces which is located in the north of Iran. In the East of Semnan City, Quaternary deposits occupy about 93% of the surface area, of which the Alluvial represents one of the most important geomorphological features in the area. Nevertheless, the outspread ichnological studies in Semnan City have received lesser attention in Continental Trace Fossils. Based on the systematic ichnology, 6 trace fossils are distinguished, namely Celliforma isp, Coprinisphaera isp, Palaeophycus tubularis, planolithes isp, Tombownichnus plenus, and Skolithos isp. The existence of Rhizoliths along with the tetrapod footprints and the survey of lithofacies all indicate that the trace fossils are related to Coprinisphaera ichnofacies. Based on ichnological and sedimentary facies analysis, the Continental Trace Fossils, in the study area, are located in the flood plain, point bar, and playa environment.

Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, Apr 1, 2019

The Cretaceous deposits in Morakan, located in the northeast of Khoy, a town in western Azerbaija... more The Cretaceous deposits in Morakan, located in the northeast of Khoy, a town in western Azerbaijan province, Iran, are primar ily made up of carbonate rocks. These deposits, which are of 717 meters thick, lie on the clastic facies of Jurassic and are covered with beneath the pelagic beds of the Upper Cretaceous. To investigate the facies, sedimentary environment and sequential stratigra phy of these successions, a stratigraphic section was made in the south of Morakan village. Carbonate facies in this section have deposited in open marine, bar, lagoon, and tidal flat facies belts. The study of these facies and comparing them with old and modern sedimentary environments reveals that these successions have deposited in a carbonated platform of rimmed shelf type. The study of the vertical succession of microfacies shows four main sequences in the form of system tracts of TST and HST, which are made up of shallowing and deepening parasequences. The first lower boundary of the sequences is the type SB1 unconformity, and other identified sequences are the type SB2 unconformity.

Arabian Journal of Geosciences

One of the major problems with carbonate reservoirs is to understand the relationship between por... more One of the major problems with carbonate reservoirs is to understand the relationship between porosity, permeability, and irreducible water saturation (Swir). The quality of a carbonate reservoir can be directly related to porosity types, varieties of pore throat size, and various diagenetic minerals. This has made it difficult to distinguish the areas with the highest permeability and the lowest Swir. Accordingly, the Kangan Formation comprises three types of replacive dolomite textures (Rd1, Rd2, Rd3), two types of dolomite cement textures (Cd1, Cd2), two types of anhydrites structures (noduls and beds), six types of anhydrites textures (needle, crystalline, radial, disordered, fibrous, mixture), and four types of calcite cements (fiber/bladed, blocky, mold filling, fracture filling). Among these, the replacive dolomite types improved the reservoir quality (porosity and permeability) and the dolomite cements reduced the porosity without having had any major effects on permeability. Anhydrite nodular structure had no major effect on reservoir quality while anhydrite-bedded structure affected it through creating some barriers in flow path. Moreover, fiber/bladed and mold-filling cements had no major effect on reservoir quality but blocky cements reduced it. And finally, fracture-filling cements may or may not affect the reservoir quality. The best types of porosities are intercrystalline and interparticle, prevailing in lower part of the Kangan Formation. In this study, six reservoir rock types (RRTs) have been defined on the basis of special core analysis (SCAL) as well as thin section description. The RRT-1 is the best type of reservoir, and toward the RRT-6, the reservoir quality reduces.