ruslan razak - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by ruslan razak
Computers in biology and medicine, Sep 1, 2017
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression can be monitored by measuring changes in the subchondral bon... more Knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression can be monitored by measuring changes in the subchondral bone structure such as area and shape from MR images as an imaging biomarker. However, measurements of these minute changes are highly dependent on the accurate segmentation of bone tissue from MR images and it is challenging task due to the complex tissue structure and inadequate image contrast/brightness. In this paper, a fully automated method for segmenting subchondral bone from knee MR images is proposed. Here, the contrast of knee MR images is enhanced using a gray-level S-curve transformation followed by automatic seed point detection using a three-dimensional multi-edge overlapping technique. Successively, bone regions are initially extracted using distance-regularized level-set evolution followed by identification and correction of leakages along the bone boundary regions using a boundary displacement technique. The performance of the developed technique is evaluated against ground...
2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2013
The onset of osteoarthritis (OA), a most common knee joint disease, can be characterized by the d... more The onset of osteoarthritis (OA), a most common knee joint disease, can be characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage (AC). Degenerative changes in AC have been assessed by the morphological and physiological measurements using non-invasive modality such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to obtain MRI images of the knee. However, visualization and quantification of AC from MR images is difficult due to the low visibility contrast of AC compared to surrounding tissues, low and varying signal intensities in cartilage region and variable intensities in different slices of single dataset. In this work, we present a method to fuse multinuclear ((23)Na and (1)H) MR images acquired in the same plane without changing the position of the human knee as well as the Radio Frequency (RF) coil. This work is performed towards our hypothesis that fusion of sodium and proton images will provide an enhanced image that can be used for an accurate assessment of cartilage morphology. Our result shows that merging of sodium knee MR image with proton knee MR image resulting in enhanced contrast information in the cartilage region and resolves low visibility and varying intensities issue with 2D/3D proton MR. We conclude that the proposed method can further be utilized for the accurate assessment of cartilage morphology.
Academic Radiology, 2015
Rationale and Objectives: Quantitative assessment of knee articular cartilage (AC) morphology usi... more Rationale and Objectives: Quantitative assessment of knee articular cartilage (AC) morphology using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging requires an accurate segmentation and 3D reconstruction. However, automatic AC segmentation and 3D reconstruction from hydrogen-based MR images alone is challenging because of inhomogeneous intensities, shape irregularity, and low contrast existing in the cartilage region. Thus, the objective of this research was to provide an insight into morphologic assessment of AC using multilevel data processing of multinuclear (23 Na and 1 H) MR knee images. Materials and Methods: A dual-tuned (23 Na and 1 H) radio-frequency coil with 1.5-T MR scanner is used to scan four human subjects using two separate MR pulse sequences for the respective sodium and proton imaging of the knee. Postprocessing is performed using customized routines written in MATLAB. MR data were fused to improve contrast of the cartilage region that is further used for automatic segmentation. Marching cubes algorithm is applied on the segmented AC slices for 3D volume rendering and volume is then calculated using the divergence theorem. Results: Fusion of multinuclear MR images results in an improved contrast (factor >3) in the cartilage region. Sensitivity (80.21%) and specificity (99.64%) analysis performed by comparing manually segmented AC shows a good performance of the automated AC segmentation. The average cartilage volume (23.19 AE 1.38 cm 3 ; coefficient of variation [COV] À0.059) measured from 3D AC models of four data sets shows a marked improvement over average cartilage volume (23.24 cm 3 ; COV À0.19) reported earlier. Conclusions: This study confirms the use of multinuclear MR data for cartilage morphology (volume) assessment that can be used in clinical settings.
2011 National Postgraduate Conference, 2011
Mohd Hani, Ahmad Fadzil and Malik, Aamir Saeed and Kumar, Dileep and Kamil, Raja and Razak, Rusla... more Mohd Hani, Ahmad Fadzil and Malik, Aamir Saeed and Kumar, Dileep and Kamil, Raja and Razak, Ruslan and Azman, Kiflie (2011) Development of a Non-invasive Diagnostic Tool for Early Detection of Knee Osteoarthritis. In: National Postgraduate Conference 2011 (NPC ...
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2011
... media/Ad%20Council%20101/OA_Agenda_2 010.pdf [2] TOA Aderonke Omobonike Akinpelu, Babatunde A... more ... media/Ad%20Council%20101/OA_Agenda_2 010.pdf [2] TOA Aderonke Omobonike Akinpelu, Babatunde Ayo Adekanla, Adesola Christiana Odole ... A. Lynch, Thomas M. Link, and Sharmila Majumdar., "Longitudinal Analysis of MRI T2 Knee Cartilage Laminar Organization in a ...
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2014
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2013
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2018
A study was undertaken to assess the pattern of uptake on bone and labelled leukocyte scans in tu... more A study was undertaken to assess the pattern of uptake on bone and labelled leukocyte scans in tuberculous spondylitis. Nine consecutive newly diagnosed cases were studied with Tc-99m MDP bone scans and Tc-99m HMPAO labelled leukocyte scans.The patients had basic laboratory investigations, plain chest and spine radiographs and computed tomography of the spine. Static images of bone scans were acquired at 3 hours and labelled leukocyte scans were acquired at 1,3 and 24 hours post-injection. A total of 11 spinal lesions were detected. Six bone scans were done demonstrating eight lesions and all showed abnormally increased activity.Labelled leukocyte scans were done in eight patients involving ten lesions and all except one showed photopaenic defects at the regions of interest.Both bone scan and leukocyte scan provided important information about the extent of the lesions and the combination of their pattern of uptake helped in the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis
Rheumatology International, 2014
Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons, rheumat... more Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons, rheumatologists, radiologists, and researchers because it would allow physicians to provide patients with treatments and advice to slow the onset or progression of the disease. Early detection can be achieved by identifying early changes in selected features of degenerative articular cartilage (AC) using non-invasive imaging modalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming the standard for assessment of OA. The aim of this paper was to review the influence of MRI on the selection, detection, and measurement of AC features associated with early OA. Our review of the literature indicates that the changes associated with early OA are in cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, cartilage water content, and proteoglycan content that can be accurately, consistently, and non-invasively measured using MRI. Choosing an MR pulse sequence that provides the capability to assess cartilage physiology and morphology in a single acquisition and advanced multi-nuclei MRI is desirable. The results of the review indicate that using an ultra-high magnetic strength, MR imager does not affect early OA detection. In conclusion, MRI is currently the most suitable modality for early detection of knee OA, and future research should focus on the quantitative evaluation of early OA features using advances in MR hardware, software, and data processing with sophisticated image/pattern recognition techniques.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2013
Purpose: MRI is the first-line modality to diagnose meniscal pathology. Possible alternative to M... more Purpose: MRI is the first-line modality to diagnose meniscal pathology. Possible alternative to MRI is an ultrasound scanning which is quick to perform and less costly. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of high resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of meniscal tears with arthroscopic examination as standard reference. Methods: Fifty pair of menisci were evaluated in 50 patients (23 females, 27 males, mean age ¼ 32.5 years, range ¼ 13-80 years). Knee examinations were performed with high resolution ultrasonography machine (Hi Vision Preirus, Hitachi, Japan) with 8-14 MHz linear transducer. Inclusion criteria for the study were 1) knees that needed to be treated or examined arthroscopically due to intra articular pathology, and 2) unilateral involvement. Exclusion criteria were a history of rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory disease, periarticular fracture, Paget's disease, joint infection, neuropathic arthropathy, acromegaly, gout, and pseudogout. Examiner was not informed preoperative diagnosis and laterality. After ultrasonographic examination, all patients underwent arthroscopic procedures within 1-3 days. After the final diagnosis about meniscal status was derived from surgical reports, ultrasonographic diagnosis was compared in terms of presence of tear as well as type of tear when tears were present. Results: The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ultrasonographic examination in the assessment of meniscal tears amounted to 90%, 70%, 92% and 64%, respectively. The statistical parameters were not statistically different in medial and lateral menisci. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of ultrasonographic examination in the assessment of medial meniscal tears vs. lateral meniscal tears were 96% vs. 65%, 74% vs. 88%, 81% vs. 81%, and 94% vs. 76%, respectively. As for diagnostic ability in diagnosing the type of meniscal tear, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of horizontal tear, vertical tear, radial tear, flap tear, bucket handle tear, complex tear, discoid were 71% vs. 36%, 47% vs. 58%, 0% vs. 0%, 40% vs. 67%, 55% vs. 86%, 88% vs. 54%, 100% vs. 100%. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, did not have a statistically significant impact on the usefulness of ultrasonography. Conclusions: High resolution ultrasonography had high accuracy in the detecting the presence of tears both in medial and lateral menisci. But type of meniscal tear was difficult to diagnose.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2013
Computers in biology and medicine, Sep 1, 2017
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression can be monitored by measuring changes in the subchondral bon... more Knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression can be monitored by measuring changes in the subchondral bone structure such as area and shape from MR images as an imaging biomarker. However, measurements of these minute changes are highly dependent on the accurate segmentation of bone tissue from MR images and it is challenging task due to the complex tissue structure and inadequate image contrast/brightness. In this paper, a fully automated method for segmenting subchondral bone from knee MR images is proposed. Here, the contrast of knee MR images is enhanced using a gray-level S-curve transformation followed by automatic seed point detection using a three-dimensional multi-edge overlapping technique. Successively, bone regions are initially extracted using distance-regularized level-set evolution followed by identification and correction of leakages along the bone boundary regions using a boundary displacement technique. The performance of the developed technique is evaluated against ground...
2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2013
The onset of osteoarthritis (OA), a most common knee joint disease, can be characterized by the d... more The onset of osteoarthritis (OA), a most common knee joint disease, can be characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage (AC). Degenerative changes in AC have been assessed by the morphological and physiological measurements using non-invasive modality such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to obtain MRI images of the knee. However, visualization and quantification of AC from MR images is difficult due to the low visibility contrast of AC compared to surrounding tissues, low and varying signal intensities in cartilage region and variable intensities in different slices of single dataset. In this work, we present a method to fuse multinuclear ((23)Na and (1)H) MR images acquired in the same plane without changing the position of the human knee as well as the Radio Frequency (RF) coil. This work is performed towards our hypothesis that fusion of sodium and proton images will provide an enhanced image that can be used for an accurate assessment of cartilage morphology. Our result shows that merging of sodium knee MR image with proton knee MR image resulting in enhanced contrast information in the cartilage region and resolves low visibility and varying intensities issue with 2D/3D proton MR. We conclude that the proposed method can further be utilized for the accurate assessment of cartilage morphology.
Academic Radiology, 2015
Rationale and Objectives: Quantitative assessment of knee articular cartilage (AC) morphology usi... more Rationale and Objectives: Quantitative assessment of knee articular cartilage (AC) morphology using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging requires an accurate segmentation and 3D reconstruction. However, automatic AC segmentation and 3D reconstruction from hydrogen-based MR images alone is challenging because of inhomogeneous intensities, shape irregularity, and low contrast existing in the cartilage region. Thus, the objective of this research was to provide an insight into morphologic assessment of AC using multilevel data processing of multinuclear (23 Na and 1 H) MR knee images. Materials and Methods: A dual-tuned (23 Na and 1 H) radio-frequency coil with 1.5-T MR scanner is used to scan four human subjects using two separate MR pulse sequences for the respective sodium and proton imaging of the knee. Postprocessing is performed using customized routines written in MATLAB. MR data were fused to improve contrast of the cartilage region that is further used for automatic segmentation. Marching cubes algorithm is applied on the segmented AC slices for 3D volume rendering and volume is then calculated using the divergence theorem. Results: Fusion of multinuclear MR images results in an improved contrast (factor >3) in the cartilage region. Sensitivity (80.21%) and specificity (99.64%) analysis performed by comparing manually segmented AC shows a good performance of the automated AC segmentation. The average cartilage volume (23.19 AE 1.38 cm 3 ; coefficient of variation [COV] À0.059) measured from 3D AC models of four data sets shows a marked improvement over average cartilage volume (23.24 cm 3 ; COV À0.19) reported earlier. Conclusions: This study confirms the use of multinuclear MR data for cartilage morphology (volume) assessment that can be used in clinical settings.
2011 National Postgraduate Conference, 2011
Mohd Hani, Ahmad Fadzil and Malik, Aamir Saeed and Kumar, Dileep and Kamil, Raja and Razak, Rusla... more Mohd Hani, Ahmad Fadzil and Malik, Aamir Saeed and Kumar, Dileep and Kamil, Raja and Razak, Ruslan and Azman, Kiflie (2011) Development of a Non-invasive Diagnostic Tool for Early Detection of Knee Osteoarthritis. In: National Postgraduate Conference 2011 (NPC ...
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2011
... media/Ad%20Council%20101/OA_Agenda_2 010.pdf [2] TOA Aderonke Omobonike Akinpelu, Babatunde A... more ... media/Ad%20Council%20101/OA_Agenda_2 010.pdf [2] TOA Aderonke Omobonike Akinpelu, Babatunde Ayo Adekanla, Adesola Christiana Odole ... A. Lynch, Thomas M. Link, and Sharmila Majumdar., "Longitudinal Analysis of MRI T2 Knee Cartilage Laminar Organization in a ...
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2014
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2013
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2018
A study was undertaken to assess the pattern of uptake on bone and labelled leukocyte scans in tu... more A study was undertaken to assess the pattern of uptake on bone and labelled leukocyte scans in tuberculous spondylitis. Nine consecutive newly diagnosed cases were studied with Tc-99m MDP bone scans and Tc-99m HMPAO labelled leukocyte scans.The patients had basic laboratory investigations, plain chest and spine radiographs and computed tomography of the spine. Static images of bone scans were acquired at 3 hours and labelled leukocyte scans were acquired at 1,3 and 24 hours post-injection. A total of 11 spinal lesions were detected. Six bone scans were done demonstrating eight lesions and all showed abnormally increased activity.Labelled leukocyte scans were done in eight patients involving ten lesions and all except one showed photopaenic defects at the regions of interest.Both bone scan and leukocyte scan provided important information about the extent of the lesions and the combination of their pattern of uptake helped in the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis
Rheumatology International, 2014
Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons, rheumat... more Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons, rheumatologists, radiologists, and researchers because it would allow physicians to provide patients with treatments and advice to slow the onset or progression of the disease. Early detection can be achieved by identifying early changes in selected features of degenerative articular cartilage (AC) using non-invasive imaging modalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming the standard for assessment of OA. The aim of this paper was to review the influence of MRI on the selection, detection, and measurement of AC features associated with early OA. Our review of the literature indicates that the changes associated with early OA are in cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, cartilage water content, and proteoglycan content that can be accurately, consistently, and non-invasively measured using MRI. Choosing an MR pulse sequence that provides the capability to assess cartilage physiology and morphology in a single acquisition and advanced multi-nuclei MRI is desirable. The results of the review indicate that using an ultra-high magnetic strength, MR imager does not affect early OA detection. In conclusion, MRI is currently the most suitable modality for early detection of knee OA, and future research should focus on the quantitative evaluation of early OA features using advances in MR hardware, software, and data processing with sophisticated image/pattern recognition techniques.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2013
Purpose: MRI is the first-line modality to diagnose meniscal pathology. Possible alternative to M... more Purpose: MRI is the first-line modality to diagnose meniscal pathology. Possible alternative to MRI is an ultrasound scanning which is quick to perform and less costly. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of high resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of meniscal tears with arthroscopic examination as standard reference. Methods: Fifty pair of menisci were evaluated in 50 patients (23 females, 27 males, mean age ¼ 32.5 years, range ¼ 13-80 years). Knee examinations were performed with high resolution ultrasonography machine (Hi Vision Preirus, Hitachi, Japan) with 8-14 MHz linear transducer. Inclusion criteria for the study were 1) knees that needed to be treated or examined arthroscopically due to intra articular pathology, and 2) unilateral involvement. Exclusion criteria were a history of rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory disease, periarticular fracture, Paget's disease, joint infection, neuropathic arthropathy, acromegaly, gout, and pseudogout. Examiner was not informed preoperative diagnosis and laterality. After ultrasonographic examination, all patients underwent arthroscopic procedures within 1-3 days. After the final diagnosis about meniscal status was derived from surgical reports, ultrasonographic diagnosis was compared in terms of presence of tear as well as type of tear when tears were present. Results: The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ultrasonographic examination in the assessment of meniscal tears amounted to 90%, 70%, 92% and 64%, respectively. The statistical parameters were not statistically different in medial and lateral menisci. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of ultrasonographic examination in the assessment of medial meniscal tears vs. lateral meniscal tears were 96% vs. 65%, 74% vs. 88%, 81% vs. 81%, and 94% vs. 76%, respectively. As for diagnostic ability in diagnosing the type of meniscal tear, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of horizontal tear, vertical tear, radial tear, flap tear, bucket handle tear, complex tear, discoid were 71% vs. 36%, 47% vs. 58%, 0% vs. 0%, 40% vs. 67%, 55% vs. 86%, 88% vs. 54%, 100% vs. 100%. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, did not have a statistically significant impact on the usefulness of ultrasonography. Conclusions: High resolution ultrasonography had high accuracy in the detecting the presence of tears both in medial and lateral menisci. But type of meniscal tear was difficult to diagnose.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2013