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Papers by refaat kamel

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Jun 1, 2023

Thirty two patients underwent completion thyroidectomy after initial thyroid lobectomy for a soli... more Thirty two patients underwent completion thyroidectomy after initial thyroid lobectomy for a solitary thyroid nodule that proved to be malignant on parafin histopathologic examination. Contralateral thyroid carcinoma was detected in 15 (46.8%) of these patients undergoing iyroideclomy. There wus olie case of tmiiskiii v~ciil cord piiresis (53.1%). Temporary hypoparathyroidism occured in two patients (6.2%). Complete recovery occured in these three patients. Completion thyroldectomy is a safe procedure with minimal morbidity.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2008

The Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism Preamble Organ transplant... more The Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism Preamble Organ transplantation, one of the medical miracles of the twentieth century, has prolonged and improved the lives of hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide. The many great scientific and clinical advances of dedicated health professionals, as well as countless acts of generosity by organ donors and their families, have made transplantation not only a life-saving therapy but a shining symbol of human solidarity. Yet these accomplishments have been tarnished by numerous reports of trafficking in human beings who are used as sources of organs and of patient-tourists from rich countries who travel abroad to purchase organs from poor people. In 2004, the World Health Organization, called on member states "to take measures to protect the poorest and vulnerable groups from transplant tourism and the sale of tissues and organs, including attention to the wider problem of international trafficking in human tissues and organs" (1).

Indian Journal of …

... HANAA EL-KARAKSY, SHOSUKE NOMACHI***, GAMAL ESMAT, MAGDY EL-SERAFY, REFAAT REFAAT KAMEL*, ADE... more ... HANAA EL-KARAKSY, SHOSUKE NOMACHI***, GAMAL ESMAT, MAGDY EL-SERAFY, REFAAT REFAAT KAMEL*, ADEL EL-ANSARY*, SAMY REFAAT**, KOISHI TANAKA**** Cairo University, *Ain Shams University, **Dar Al Fouad Hospital, ***Egypt and Sappporo City ...

Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation, 2009

OBJECTIVES The recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplant is common and may... more OBJECTIVES The recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplant is common and may endanger both graft and patient survival. We investigated the frequency and outcome of and risk factors for the recurrence of that virus after living-donor liver transplant in hepatitis C virus positive recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-four adult hepatitis C virus positive subjects were monitored for 36 months after living-donor liver transplant and demographic and laboratory data for the recipients and donors were evaluated. Recurrent hepatitis C virus infection was diagnosed on the basis of viral replication revealed by polymerase chain reaction after transplant, elevated levels of transaminases, and the results of liver biopsy. RESULTS Hepatitis C virus recurrence was identified in 31.1% of the patients studied. Histopathologic recurrence was mild, and 91% of the subjects had a fibrosis score of < or = F2. No recipient exhibited cirrhosis or clinical decompensation during...

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2021

Background Umbilical hernias (UH) are common in patients seeking abdominal contouring surgery and... more Background Umbilical hernias (UH) are common in patients seeking abdominal contouring surgery and the question of simultaneous abdominoplasty and UH repair is raised. This presents, however, a risk to the umbilicus vascularization with possible umbilical necrosis. As a result, the umbilicus maintains its only blood supply from the underlying fascial attachments via the umbilical stalk. Abdominoplasty in the setting of a hernia repair can improve patients satisfaction, particularly appearance, hygiene, self-confidence and decrease the incidence of recurrence. Objective To assess the outcome of the combined procedure of abdominoplasty and repair of umbilical hernia. Patients and Methods This study Included 26 patients (18 females and 8 males) who were selected from those who presented to the department of general surgery at EL Demerdash University Hospital and Nasr city insurance hospital during the period between april2019 and october 2019. All patients had a physical examination of ...

Ain Shams Medical Journal, 2021

Ain Shams Medical Journal, 2020

SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery, 2018

The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway is critical for regulating immune and inflammatory response... more The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway is critical for regulating immune and inflammatory responses, and uncontrolled NF-κB activation is closely associated with various inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. The Met1-linked linear ubiquitin chain, which is generated by linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), is important for regulating NF-κB activation. This process occurs through the linear ubiquitination of NF-κB essential modulator, a regulatory subunit of the canonical inhibitor of the NF-κB kinase complex. In this study, we have established a robust and efficient high-throughput screening (HTS) platform to explore LUBAC inhibitors, which may be used as tool compounds to elucidate the pathophysiological role of LUBAC. The HTS platform consisted of both cell-free and cell-based assays: (1) cell-free LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination assay using homogenous time-resolved fluorescence technology and (2) cell-based LUBAC assay using the NF-κB luciferase reporter gene...

Transplantation, Jan 11, 2017

Eradicating transplant tourism depends upon complex solutions that include efforts to progress to... more Eradicating transplant tourism depends upon complex solutions that include efforts to progress towards self-sufficiency in transplantation. Meanwhile, professionals and authorities are faced with medical, legal, and ethical problems raised by patients who return home after receiving an organ transplant abroad, particularly when the organ has been obtained through illegitimate means. In 2016, the Declaration of Istanbul Custodian Group convened an international, multidisciplinary workshop in Madrid, Spain, to address these challenges and provide recommendations for the management of these patients, which are presented in this paper. The core recommendations are grounded in the belief that principles of transparency, traceability and continuity of care applied to patients who receive an organ domestically should also apply to patients who receive an organ abroad. Governments and professionals are urged to ensure that, upon return, patients are promptly referred to a transplant center ...

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2010

Palliative care is an important component of cancer treatment. Advancing palliative care in the d... more Palliative care is an important component of cancer treatment. Advancing palliative care in the developing countries is essential to improving patient care. The issues limiting its practice must be addressed, especially in light of the initiative to adapt the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Palliative care is in its early stage of evolution in the MENA region, and its practice encounters many challenges and barriers. Adaptation of guidelines should take into consideration the situation and conditions in the targeted region to improve the standard of care to an internationally acceptable level. A group of experts in the MENA region reviewed the literature and collaborated to assess the current status of palliative care and recommend modifications to the NCCN Guidelines based on the unique needs of the region. (JNCCN 2010;8[Suppl 3]:S41-S47) NCCN Guidelines on Palliative Care in this region, the current status of palliative care had to be assessed. This article addresses the practice of palliative care in the MENA region.

Archives of Medical Research, 2016

Activation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has a role in liver carcinogenesis where t... more Activation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has a role in liver carcinogenesis where telomerase is normally suppressed in most human somatic tissues after birth. In the current study we aimed to detect the significance of hTERT mRNA in early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to determine the relationship between serum microRNA155 and telomerase expression. Serum and liver tissue samples were collected from 40 patients (17 samples from patients with liver cirrhosis and 23 samples from patients with HCC) and 12 blood samples from healthy subjects were collected. Serum miRNA155 levels and blood and tissue hTERT mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) among liver cirrhosis and HCC patients. Moreover, miR-155, blood and tissue hTERT levels were analyzed in relation to clinical and pathological features. Calculated expression of miRNA155 revealed that relative quantity (RQ) miR 155 was overexpressed in sera of HCC patients when compared to patients with liver cirrhosis and controls (p <0.0001). The median values of serum telomerase were significantly increased among HCC patients than in patients with liver cirrhosis and controls (p = 0.04). Moreover, tissue expression of telomerase was significantly higher in malignant tissue more than adjacent nonmalignant tissue among HCC patients (p = 0.02). It was also found that tissue expression of telomerase was significantly decreased in tissue of liver cirrhosis patients (p = 0.03). Interestingly, we found that blood telomerase was directly correlated with serum miRNA155 (p = 0.003). Both mir 155 and telomerase may have a role in development of HCC and mir 155 could regulate telomerase expression during liver carcinogenesis.

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016

AIM: To determine the relation between serum microRNAs and apoptotic markers as regards developme... more AIM: To determine the relation between serum microRNAs and apoptotic markers as regards development of HCC to understand the underlying mechanism of HCV related hepatocarcinogenesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 65 serum samples (25 samples from controls, 20 samples from hepatitis and 20 samples from HCC patients) were collected for miRNAs (mir 21, mir 199-a, and mir 155) detection. Human Programmed cell death protein-4 (PDCD-4) and Human Cytochrome-C (CYT-C) were determined. RESULTS: miRNAs 21 and 155 were over expressed in sera of patients with HCC compared to patients with chronic hepatitis (p < 0.0001). While serum means values of miR 199a was significantly decreased among HCC group patients when compared to patients with chronic hepatitis (p < 0.0001). The serum levels of PCDC4 and CYTC were increased in patients with HCC when compared to chronic hepatitis patients. They were also increased in patients with chronic hepatitis when compared to controls (p < 0.05, sig...

Gene, 2016

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is regarded as one of the most common malignancies and among the l... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is regarded as one of the most common malignancies and among the leading causes of cancer death among the whole world. The most urgent needs are to find sensitive markers for early diagnosis for HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported as a group of small non-coding RNAs that can function as endogenous RNA interference to regulate expression of the targeted genes. This study was conducted to detect the serum and tissue expression of miR 21 and miR 199-a to be applied as early detectors for HCC. A total of 40 serum and tissue samples (17 samples from chronic hepatitis and 23 samples from HCC patients) were collected. The levels of the two mature miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-199-a) were detected by real time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) in sera and tissues of chronic hepatitis and HCC patients. Besides, miR-21 and miR-199-a levels in relation to clinical and pathological factors were explored. We found that the expression of serum miR-21 was distinctly increased in HCC compared with chronic hepatitis (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). miR 199-a was distinctly decreased in HCC compared with chronic hepatitis (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). In addition, median of miR 21 was increased in malignant when compared to adjacent non-malignant tissues without significant differences (P=0.191) while miR 199-a was significantly decreased in malignant when compared to adjacent nonmalignant tissues (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). ROC analysis showed that miR-21 and miR-199-a might be potential biomarkers for HCC. In conclusion, the expression of miR-21 was significantly up-regulated and miR-199-a was significantly down regulated in serum of patients with HCC. Due to their reasonable sensitivity and specificity for disease progression, miR-21 and miR-199-a could be used as potential circulating biomarkers for HCC.

Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, 2015

Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation, 2015

Vascular problems such as thrombosis and stenosis of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and hepatic... more Vascular problems such as thrombosis and stenosis of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and hepatic vein are serious complications after living-donor liver transplant and can cause increased morbidity, graft loss, and patient death. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, treatment, and outcome of recipient vascular complications after living-donor liver transplant in a single Egyptian center. Between November 2006 and March 2014, we performed 226 living-donor liver transplants for 225 patients at Dar Al Fouad Hospital in 6th of October City in Egypt. Review of all patients with vascular complications was performed. In 20 of 225 recipients (8.9%), there were vascular complications that occurred from day 0 to 14 (mean, 5.6 ± 3.4 d). Complications included isolated hepatic artery thrombosis in 7 patients (35%), isolated portal vein thrombosis in 6 patients (30%), isolated hepatic vein stenosis in 3 patients (15%), and isolated hepatic artery stenosis in 1 patient (5%). Combin...