sahar elashmony - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sahar elashmony

International Journal of Pharmacology, Jun 15, 2023

Medico-Legal Update, Jan 4, 2021

International Journal of Pharmacology

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021

Low glucagon like peptide1 (GLP-1) level may contribute to the metabolic dysfunction in polycysti... more Low glucagon like peptide1 (GLP-1) level may contribute to the metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, prospective therapeutic effects of incretin-based drugs; linagliptin versus liraglutide were investigated on letrozole induced PCOS rats. Animals were divided into five groups (control, PCOS, linagliptin, liraglutide and combined). Letrozole was administered for seven weeks (1mg/kg/day,orally). Linagliptin (3mg/kg/day,orally), liraglutide (1.2mg/kg/day,sc) and combined drugs were given for 4 weeks. Measurements of anthropometric, hemodynamics, blood glucose indices, HOMA-IR, serum lipids, TNF-α, NF-kB, and sex hormones were estimated. Antioxidant activities alongside immunohistochemical (PCNA) studies were assessed. The present results proved that both drugs significantly ameliorated most of anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, hormonal, inflammatory and antioxidant indices. Obvious histological improvement was obtained by linagliptin and combined the...

International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research, 2022

Clinical pharmacists can help to identify, solve and prevent drug-related problems (DRPs) through... more Clinical pharmacists can help to identify, solve and prevent drug-related problems (DRPs) through appropriate interventions. The objective of this retrospective study was to identify DRPs, their causes and to evaluate how the clinical pharmacists' interventions can impact on them in the medicine department at the Military Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan. A total of 100 files belonging to patients admitted between September 2018- March 2019 were analyzed in this study according to specific criteria, of which 170 Clinical pharmacists' Intervention (CPIs) were made, and 152 DRPs were identified. The most common DRP found was untreated indication (not prescribed drug but clear indication) accounting for 32.9% (n=50) of total studied cases, followed by subtherapeutic dose 14.5% (n=22), and drug interactions 12.5% (n=19). Interventions were made by clinical pharmacists based on the type of DRP. The acceptance of intervening pharmacist suggestions was found to be 57.6% (n=98), the remain...

Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2021

Background:The services of clinical pharmacy is not included for science purposes only;it include... more Background:The services of clinical pharmacy is not included for science purposes only;it includes wide variety of public care and patient engagements. Makkah is a holy city in a developing country which indeed can improve their clinical pharmacy services perspectives. Objectives:Our main objectives were appraising therule of clinical pharmacy services in Makkah. Materials: This was done bysurvey questionsfor clinical pharmacists in Makkah county hospitals. Results: Our data showed that most coverage of clinical pharmacy services on both the scale ofdepartment is 17.14 percent and the scale of patients is 13.2 percent, that means the service does not cover the exact rule of clinical pharmacists. About 57.7 percent of the county hospitals, the pharmacists did not meet the requirement, and the numberwas smaller than in other hospitals. Conclusion:Our data showed that there is a very small percentage of the services of clinical pharmacy as well as the software, hardware.Moreover, there was a huge gap in the teaching methods.

Medico-Legal Update, 2021

Cannabidiol (CBD) is the major non-mind-altering section of the hairy glands of hemp plant that c... more Cannabidiol (CBD) is the major non-mind-altering section of the hairy glands of hemp plant that can be named 'cannabinoids' (CBs). Cannabinoid in the pharmacology field is becoming an extensive subject specifically towards the therapeutic characteristics of cannabinoid receptor agonists. Examples such as analgesia, muscle relaxation, immunosuppressive, antiinflammatory and anti-allergic effects, mood improvement, appetite stimulation, antiemesis, lowering of intraocular pressure, bronchodilatation, neuroprotection, and anti-neoplastic effects. Although this vast knowledge about the therapeutic properties of CBs, their clinical uses remains a controversy and very limited. However, the focus now has been on CBD that constitutes up to 40% of the extract of the Cannabis and represents one of the most attractive prospects for therapeutic use owing to its extraordinary lack of both perceptual and psychoactive behavior. Finally, CBD is regarded as an important putative lead compound to produce cannabinomimetic drugs because of its excellent tolerability in humans.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2017

Background: Hypertension is one of the primary modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease... more Background: Hypertension is one of the primary modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Adequate vitamin D levels have been shown to reduce vascular smooth muscle contraction and to increase arterial compliance, which may be beneficial in hypertension. Further, coenzymeQ10 (COQ10) through its action to lower oxidative stress has been reported to have beneficial effects on hypertension and heart failure. The current study examined the possible cardiac and renal protective effects of vitamin D and COQ10 both separately and in combination with an angiotensin II receptor blocker, valsartan in L-NAME hypertensive rats. Methods: Hypertension was induced in rats by L-NAME administration. Following induction of hypertension, the rats were assigned into 6 subgroups: L-NAME alone and treated groups receiving the following drugs intraperitoneally for 6 weeks; valsartan, vitamin D, COQ10 and combination of valsartan with either vitamin D or COQ10. A group of normotensive rats were used as negative controls. At the end of the treatment period, blood pressure, serum creatinine, BUN, lipids and serum, cardiac and renal parameters of oxidative stress were measured. Results: Compared to the L-NAME only group, all treatments lowered systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-C, creatinine levels as well as TNF-α and Malondialdehyde. Further, the agents increased serum, cardiac and renal total antioxidant 4 capacity. Interestingly, the combination of agents had further effects on all the parameters compared to treatment with each single agent. Conclusions: The study suggests that the additive protective effects of vitamin D and COQ10 when used alone or concurrent with valsartan treatment in hypertensive rats, may be due to their effects as antioxidants, anti-cytokines and blood pressure conservers.

International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2016

Diabetes Mellitus and its complication still account for much of the morbidity and mortality in p... more Diabetes Mellitus and its complication still account for much of the morbidity and mortality in patients and neuropathy is one of its complication. Our study is to study the effect of zinc supplementation on glycemic control and electrophysiological recording (brainstem auditory evoked potential) in type 2 diabetic patient with neuropathy. This study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, S.N. Medical College and Associated Hospitals Agra from july2013 to January 2015. Type 2 diabetic patients with Neuropathy receiving oral ZINC supplementation, metformin and gabapentin therapy served as cases & Diabetic Neuropathy patients of comparable age & sex receiving only metformin and gabapentin therapy served as control. All patients were thoroughly examined and investigated for Fasting Blood Sugar, HbA1c, S. Zinc at 0, 4, 8 and 16 week, similarly baseline BEP was done in all patients. Serum Zinc levels were lower in Patients of Diabetic Polyneuropathy. Effect of Zinc supplementation on fasting blood glucose was extremely significant. Percentage change over baseline was 10.66% as compared to 7.58% in those not supplemented with zinc, similary Results for latency of BEAR of both ears were significant .

Medical Science

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is an irregular and can be a very rapid heart rate disorder. It... more Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is an irregular and can be a very rapid heart rate disorder. It is a type of arrhythmia that increases the risk of stroke and associated with increasing the risk of heart failure and all-cause mortality. Warfarin has been commonly prescribed in the treatment and prevention of different thromboembolic conditions including the atrial fibrillation. However, in recent years, several new oral anticoagulant medications with a direct and reversible inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activity of thrombin (dabigatran) or factor Xa (apixaban and rivaroxaban) in the coagulation cascade have been developed and approved by the FDA as an equivalent to warfarin or even more effective. We are doing this study to show the prevalence of those three drugs compared to warfarin and to estimate the patient's eligibility for using warfarin compared to the new oral anticoagulants. Method: Retrospective study, at Cardiology department at King Abdullah Medical city (KAMC) in Makkah. Result: We screened a total of 267 patients, out of 144 patients who were taking DOACs, 97 (74.6%) were included. And out of 123 patients who were taking warfarin, 33 (25.4%) of them were included. Patients were excluded because they don't have the right diagnosis, or do not have INR or serum creatinine results. Pregnant and lactating women were also excluded. Conclusion: Since FDA approval, apixaban and dabigatran use in AF has increased dramatically compared to warfarin which was diminished. In patients with AF, risks of stroke/SE and major bleeding were lower with DOACs versus warfarin. However, it is vital to perform continuous monitoring of these medication effectiveness.

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2010

Objectives The objective of this study was to improve systemic delivery of the highly analgesic k... more Objectives The objective of this study was to improve systemic delivery of the highly analgesic ketorolac trometamol (ketorolac tromethamine) via the transdermal route, through cost-effective topical formulations, to avoid most of the problems associated with ketorolac trometamol therapy. Methods In-vitro release behaviour of the drug from different microemulsion and emulgel formulations was evaluated. E2 emulgel (based on isopropyl myristate as penetration enhancer) and E7 emulgel (based on Brij 92 as penetration enhancer) were evaluated for their physical properties, rat skin permeation, in-vivo analgesic effect (hot-plate test and the paw pressure test), acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity and gastric safety. Key findings Isopropyl myristate and the synergistic effect of the two known penetration enhancers (propylene glycol and Brij 92) significantly modulated drug permeation and may be a promising approach for the transdermal delivery of ketorolac trometamol and other d...

International Journal of pharma and Bio Sciences, 2021

Hypertension and insomnia or sleep loss is very common and often co-exists together. There are ev... more Hypertension and insomnia or sleep loss is very common and often co-exists together. There are evidences suggesting that the increase in the prevalence of arterial hypertension in the past decade might be related both to an increased prevalence of insomnia and to the decline of sleep duration due to modern lifestyle. However, there is a lack of studies in detailed investigation of the effect of sleeping pills on blood pressure. The aim of this study was to reconsider both the clinical evidence of the relationship between conditions of sleep loss, sleeping pills, and hypertension and the potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the biological plausibility of their relationship. Through a systematic search from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed, we selected 20 articles, which reported sleep disorders, or studied sleep duration or insomnia and sleeping pills and their relationship with blood pressure or hypertension in participants over 18 years. Sleep loss or sleep disorders due to persistent insomnia or sleep apnea seems to be associated with an increased risk for hypertension, even after controlling for other hypertensive risk factors. For sleeping pills, it is still a controversy whether they increase or decrease blood pressure in patients with sleeping disorders. Chronic sleep loss or alterations of sleep quality can act as a physiological stressor or that impairs brain functions and contributes to hypertension. However, further studies need to measure the relationship between sleeping pills and blood pressure.

International journal of pharma and bio sciences, 2021

Statin therapy reduces mortality associated with cardiovascular disease by preventing myocardial ... more Statin therapy reduces mortality associated with cardiovascular disease by preventing myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Despite the proven benefits of statins in this context, there is growing concern among patients and physicians regarding the safety of their shortand long-term use and adverse side effects, particularly muscle toxicity. As a result, nonadherence and withdrawal from treatment occur. This study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of statin use in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in adults and the elderly by examining the incidence, diagnosis, prevention, and management of statin-induced adverse effects. A cross-sectional study of 350 patients using statins was conducted at King Abdulaziz and Hera’a General Hospital in Makkah. Data were retrieved from medical records and analyzed using SPSS software. The mean age of the sample population was 62±12 years old. Nearly 60% of patients had comorbidities, such as diabetes. Howev...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021

Background: Evidence suggests that there is a link between diabetes mellitus and Vitamin A. Moreo... more Background: Evidence suggests that there is a link between diabetes mellitus and Vitamin A. Moreover, it has been reported that diabetes induces oxidative stress. Lately, a wide attention has been developed to the protective biochemical function of natural antioxidants contained vitamins, which can reduce the oxidative damage caused by free radical species. Objective: To investigate the anti-obesity, anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative effects of vitamin A in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Methods: Male mice were randomly divided into three groups: Control- nondiabetic, received a normal diet and water; Control-diabetic, received STZ 45mg/kg once intraperitoneally; and Treated-diabetic, received both STZ as before plus Vitamin A (4-IU/day) orally daily for 16 weeks. Food intake, body weight, fat mass, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, and lipid profile were estimated. Also, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), catalase (CAT), and malonaldehyde (MDA...

Journal of Forensic Medicine, 2021

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, and is a leading cause of di... more Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, and is a leading cause of disability among older adults. Many different therapeutic strategies are used in OA management including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities with various patient responses. However, a perfect therapy for OAis still to be found.This research aims to compare the degree of pain improvement in osteoarthritic patients in response to various treatment modalities through an online questionnaire. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2020 in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, and Cairo, Egypt. The total sample obtained was 1,870 residents with OA. A computer-based survey of osteoarthritis was conducted electronically. Results: The highest age range of participants was between 41-50 years (65%). More than two-thirds (1210) were females.The knee is significantly (P<0.005) the most common joint affected followed by back and neck.Concerning the treatment mo...