sam kwon - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sam kwon

An Introduction to Community and Primary Health Care

To estimate association of minerals relating to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) th... more To estimate association of minerals relating to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) the contents of essential minerals and toxic heavy metals in the scalp hair were measured during the period from March 1993 to June 1993. The cases were selected 69 (32 male, 37 female) from the patients who visited Kyungpook University Hospital during the period from March 1993 to June 1993 and 74 controls (47 male 27 female) from normal population. zinc, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium and aluminum were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer(IL. 551). The results were summarized as follows. In NIDDM group, mean contents of zinc and copper were ppm, ppm respectively; where as ppm, ppm in control group. The mean of above two mineral content showed significant difference statistically (p ppm were significantly higher than the control group; ppm(p ppm, ppm, ppm; whereas ppm, ppm, ppm in control group. The mean of above three mineral showed significant difference statistically(p

This study deals with the immobilization of mixtures of two semiconductor oxides Cuo and TiO 2 on... more This study deals with the immobilization of mixtures of two semiconductor oxides Cuo and TiO 2 on fi brous palygorskite clay minerai in order to evaluate their photocatalytic activity for removing Orange G dye as model pollutant from aqueous solutions. The elaboration of CuO-TiO:!Palygorskite nanocomposites was carried out by impregnation with Cu 2+ of before hand synthesized TiO 2 sup ported palygorskite (Pal) followed by air annealing for 5 h at 550 •c. ln the composite materials, different Cuo to Cuo+ TiO 2 molar ratios were used in order to obtain a Cuo content in the range 13-30 mol.%. XRD, SEM and TEM equipped with elemental EDS analysis are concordant for show ing the crystallization of anatase TiO 2 along with Cuo whose average size of nanoparticles (NPs) are in the range 6 to 20 nm as determined by TEM. By increasing the Cuo content the average size of this oxide remains constant at about 1 O nm while that of TiO 2 NPs is slightly decreasing from 8.4 to 5.1 nm. Both oxide NPs were successfully attached on palygorskite fibers where they form Cu0-TiO 2 heterojunctions (grain boundaries like). The Cu0-TiO 2 /Pal supported photocatalyst con taining 23% of Cuo was found to be the most photoactive material but itremained less active than TiO 2 /Palygorskite supported photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of the mixed nanocomposites is not readily correlated with only one of their main features as Cuo content or the average crystal lite size of functional oxides indicating that if there are synergistic effects there are also antagonistic effects in particular for high Cuo contents.

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series, 2019

The perception of taste is determined by several factors, including genetics, which at the same t... more The perception of taste is determined by several factors, including genetics, which at the same time is related with the diet and diseases in different populations. We aimed to identify the frequency of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs307355, rs35744813, rs713598, rs1726866, rs10246939 and rs11091046) involved in the perception of sweet, bitter and salty flavor in Ecuadorian mestizo population. It was found that the presence of the T allele of rs307355 and rs35744813 is associated with decreased ability of subjects to carry out specific discrimination of sweetness, this is particularly interesting given the correlation found (p = 0.0022) between sucrose perception and family history of cancer and diabetes. Furthermore, rs713598, rs1726866 and rs10246939 do not influence the ability to perceive the bitter taste. Concerning the perception of the salty taste, rs11091046 does influence the capacity of detecting it more easily. This theoretical knowledge of the genetic influence on taste perception can contribute to the understanding of eating habits and their impact on human health.

BMC Veterinary Research, 2018

Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (... more Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), threaten the pig industry worldwide. Five genotypes of PCV2 were recently identified: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, PCV2d and PCV2e. In addition, a novel porcine circovirus from a case of a sow with dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure has been identified based on metagenomic analysis and classified as porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3). Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV2 and PCV3 in clinical samples. Results: A total of 471 samples (161 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 34 farms and 310 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV2. Among them, 171 samples from 59 farms that had been positive for PCV2 were genotyped. Another 690 samples (296 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 91 farms, 108 samples of aborted foetuses from 26 farms, and 286 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV3. Based on PCV2 genotyping results, PCV2d was the most prevalent genotype (107 of 171 samples), and co-infections with combinations of PCV2a, 2b and 2d were identified in 48 samples from 17 farms. A total of 14 samples from 11 farms were also positive for both PCV2 and PCV3. For PCV3, 57 samples (9.8%) from 32 farms (23.2%) were positive. Among the 108 aborted foetuses from 26 farms, only 2 samples were positive for PCV3. Based on sequence comparisons, PCV2d shares 89.6-91.0% and 93.2-94.3% homology with PCV2a and PCV2b, respectively; 98.6-100% homology is shared among PCV2d strains. The PCV3 strains identified in this study share 98.0-99.5% homology. Conclusions: Our study concludes that PCV2d has become the most predominant genotype in Korea. PCV3 was also identified in clinical samples, though no significant association with clinical symptoms was observed in PCV3-positive cases.

BMC Veterinary Research, 2018

Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (... more Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), threaten the pig industry worldwide. Five genotypes of PCV2 were recently identified: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, PCV2d and PCV2e. In addition, a novel porcine circovirus from a case of a sow with dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure has been identified based on metagenomic analysis and classified as porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3). Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV2 and PCV3 in clinical samples. Results: A total of 471 samples (161 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 34 farms and 310 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV2. Among them, 171 samples from 59 farms that had been positive for PCV2 were genotyped. Another 690 samples (296 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 91 farms, 108 samples of aborted foetuses from 26 farms, and 286 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV3. Based on PCV2 genotyping results, PCV2d was the most prevalent genotype (107 of 171 samples), and co-infections with combinations of PCV2a, 2b and 2d were identified in 48 samples from 17 farms. A total of 14 samples from 11 farms were also positive for both PCV2 and PCV3. For PCV3, 57 samples (9.8%) from 32 farms (23.2%) were positive. Among the 108 aborted foetuses from 26 farms, only 2 samples were positive for PCV3. Based on sequence comparisons, PCV2d shares 89.6-91.0% and 93.2-94.3% homology with PCV2a and PCV2b, respectively; 98.6-100% homology is shared among PCV2d strains. The PCV3 strains identified in this study share 98.0-99.5% homology. Conclusions: Our study concludes that PCV2d has become the most predominant genotype in Korea. PCV3 was also identified in clinical samples, though no significant association with clinical symptoms was observed in PCV3-positive cases.

Diabetes research and clinical practice, Jan 27, 2017

To evaluate whether variable fatty liver status over time influence the risk of type 2 diabetes d... more To evaluate whether variable fatty liver status over time influence the risk of type 2 diabetes differently. We analyzed the data from 7849 subjects without type 2 diabetes who underwent comprehensive health check-ups annually for 5 years. All subjects had an abdominal ultrasonography annually. The risk of incident diabetes was assessed in individuals with sustained non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), individuals with changed fatty liver status (intermittent NAFLD group), and individuals who did not have NAFLD (never NAFLD group) during the study period. A subgroup analysis was done in subjects of the intermittent NAFLD group. Incident diabetes was compared according to the number of time diagnosed as NAFLD by annual ultrasonography. During the mean follow-up of 4 years, subjects in the sustained NAFLD group had a HR of 1.50 (95% CI 1.13-1.98) for the development of diabetes compared with those in the never NAFLD group, whereas the risk was not higher in the intermittent NAFL...

Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische Chemie, 1971

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2016

liraglutide (Lira) or the short-acting GLP-1RA lixisenatide (Lixi) in Japanese patients with type... more liraglutide (Lira) or the short-acting GLP-1RA lixisenatide (Lixi) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon were measured using blood sampling and gastric emptying was measured using 13C breath test for 4hours after solid test meal (280 kcal carbohydrate, 100 kcal protein, 100 kcal fat and 13C-sodium acetate 200 mg). Areas under the curve (AUC) of plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon were calculated using trapezoidal rule. Gastric emptying rate (T1/2) was analyzed based on the time-plot of pulmonary 13CO2 excretion rate (% dose/h) according to the Wagner-Nelson method. Data (mean ± SEM) were evaluated using student's t-tests or paired t-test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Before initiation of the GLP-1RA agents, there were no significant differences in HbA1c, BMI or duration between Lira and Lixi groups (Lira, n = 10; age 55.2 ± 3.0 year old; duration 9.2 ± 2.7 years/ Lixi, n = 5; age 52.4 ± 3.9 year old; duration 10.2 ± 4.2 years). After 12 wks administration of maximum dose agents (Lira 0.9 mg/Lixi 20 ug in Japan), HbA1c and bodyweight were significantly improved in both Lira and Lixi groups (HbA1c(%):

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1985

Preliminary X-ray studies on Serratia protease have been carried out using crystallographic and s... more Preliminary X-ray studies on Serratia protease have been carried out using crystallographic and small angle scattering techniques. The enzyme has been crystallized in three different crystalline forms by microdialysis and vapor diffusion methods using 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.0, at 24 degrees C. They have orthorhombic space groups: C222(1) for one form and P2(1)2(1)2(1) for the other two forms. A small angle X-ray scattering study showed that the radius of gyration and the maximal dimension of the molecule in aqueous solution are 26.6 A and 94.5 A, respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 45,000-48,000 by various physical methods.

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1978

A chloroplast-type ferredoxin containing two non-heme iron and two labile sulfur atoms per molecu... more A chloroplast-type ferredoxin containing two non-heme iron and two labile sulfur atoms per molecule was prepared from Aphanothece sacrum. Crystals were obtained by dialysis against 75% saturated a-monium sulfate solution, and belong to the tetragonal system with cell dimensions a = b = 92.2 A and c = 47.6 A, containing four molecules in an asymmetric unit. The electron density map at 5 A resolution was calculated by using the best phase angles determined by the single isomorphous replacement method coupled with the anomalous dispersion effect. An anomalous dispersion difference Fourier map for the native crystal clearly showed four humps corresponding to the iron atoms in an asymmetric unit. The electron densis surface.

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1968

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1979

Lipase from Geotrichum candidum (ATCC34614) is a glycerol ester hydrolase which has a molecular w... more Lipase from Geotrichum candidum (ATCC34614) is a glycerol ester hydrolase which has a molecular weight of 55,000 with about 7% carbohydrate, displaying a high affinity for triolein. The enzyme was crystallized from more than 2% protein solution without using any salt or organic solvent. The crystals were cross-linked by soaking in 0.37% glutaraldehyde solution (0.1 M acetate buffer solution, pH 5.6). The structure was determined by X-ray diffraction using the isomorphous replacement technique. Two heavy-atom derivatives [K2PtCl4 and UO2(CH3COO)2] were obtained by the soaking method. The electron density map calculated at 5 A resolution clearly showed the molecular boundary. A balsa wood model was made on the basis of the 6 A electron density map. The molecular has an ellipsoidal shape with dimensions of 70 A X 50 A X 50 A. Several columns of density corresponding to alpha-helix and a few clefts were found in the molecule. The active site is presumably located in the vicinity of one of the Pt sites in the Pt-derivative crystal, judging from the inactivation of the enzyme by K2PtCl4.

Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische Chemie, 1971

Atherosclerosis, Jan 16, 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of lipid variables to predict the develop... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of lipid variables to predict the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the longitudinal association between lipid profiles and incident CKD in a large apparently healthy cohort. A retrospective longitudinal analysis of 10,288 subjects who had participated in comprehensive health check-ups at least four times over a 7-year period was conducted. The risk of incident CKD associated with lipid variables was analyzed using adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CKD per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in lipid level. The development of CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Over a mean follow-up of 56.5 ± 14.3 months, 356 (3.5%) subjects developed CKD. The multivariate adjusted HRs for incident CKD per 1 SD increase in baseline lipid level were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.41) for triglycerides (TG), 0.77 (0.68-0.88) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (H...

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by an increased risk of incident diabetes and cardiovasc... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by an increased risk of incident diabetes and cardiovascular (CV) events, identifying insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction as key elements. Moreover, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is bidirectionally linked with MS as a consequence of metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities. We addressed the question if the evolution in NAFLD might worsen endothelium-dependent vasodilating response in MS hypertensives. We recruited 272 Caucasian newly-diagnosed never-treated hypertensive outpatients divided into three groups according to the presence/absence of MS alone or in combination with NAFLD. MS and NAFLD were defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) and non-invasive fatty liver index, respectively. We determined IR by using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. Vascular function, as forearm blood flow (FBF), was determined through strain-gauge plethysmography after intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside. MS+NAFLD+ group showed worse metabolic, inflammatory and vascular profiles compared with MS´NAFLD´and MS+NAFLD´. HOMA resulted in being the strongest predictor of FBF both in the MS+NAFLD´and in the MS+NAFLD+ groups, accounting for 20.5% and 33.2% of its variation, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MS+NAFLD+ hypertensives show a worse endothelium-dependent vasodilation compared with MS+NAFLD´, allowing for consideration of NAFLD as an early marker of endothelial dysfunction in hypertensives.

Korean Journal of Medicine, 2012

Acute pancreatitis caused by primary hyperparathyroidism-induced hypercalcemia is a rare conditio... more Acute pancreatitis caused by primary hyperparathyroidism-induced hypercalcemia is a rare condition, as acute pancreatitis is typically associated with a decrease in serum calcium levels. If hypercalcemia is present in a patient with acute pancreatitis, the possibility of hyperparathyroidism should be considered, and parathyroid hormone levels should be evaluated and the parathyroid gland imaged. We present a case of a 48-year-old male with acute recurrent pancreatitis caused by hyperparathyroidism. Initially, the acute pancreatitis improved after conservative therapy. However, the patient relapsed 1 month later. The patient had hypercalcemia and was diagnosed with parathyroid adenoma. He underwent surgical resection of the parathyroid adenoma and recovered. After 24 months of the treatment, there was no recurrence of the hypercalcemia or pancreatitis.

Utilizing the concurrence of polymerization-induced phase separation and sol-gel transition in th... more Utilizing the concurrence of polymerization-induced phase separation and sol-gel transition in the hydrolytic polycondensation of alkoxysilanes, a well-defined macroporous structure is formed in a monolithic wet gel. By exchanging the fluid phase of the wet gel with an appropriate external solution, the nanometer-range structure of the wet gel can be reorganized into structures with larger median pore size essentially without affecting the macroporous framework. The double-pore structure thus prepared is characterized by open pores distributed in discrete size ranges of micrometers and nanometers. A new type of chromatographic column (silica rod) has been developed using monolithic double-pore silica instead of packed spherical gel particles. Typical silica rod columns had significantly reduced pressure drops and improved analytical efficiencies which do not deteriorate even at higher sample flow rates, both arising from a greater macropore volume than particle packed columns.

Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology, 2011

Among the apoptosis signals, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) is a well-known regulator of apoptosis ... more Among the apoptosis signals, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) is a well-known regulator of apoptosis with anti-apoptotic properties. We investigated here whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the BCL2 were associated with host susceptibility of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) occurrence and clinicopathologic parameters. Ninety-two PTC patients and 222 control subjects were recruited. One promoter SNP (rs2279115, -938A/C) and one synonymous SNP (rs1801018, Thr7Thr) in the BCL2 gene were selected and genotyped using direct sequencing. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to evaluate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and P-values. rs1801018 of the BCL2 gene was not associated with the development of PTC. In the clinicopathologic features, rs1801018 SNP was associated with the number and location. The G allele frequency of rs1801018 in PTC patients with multifocality (13.3%) was about four-fold higher than that in PTC patients with unifocality (3.4%). The G all...

An Introduction to Community and Primary Health Care

To estimate association of minerals relating to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) th... more To estimate association of minerals relating to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) the contents of essential minerals and toxic heavy metals in the scalp hair were measured during the period from March 1993 to June 1993. The cases were selected 69 (32 male, 37 female) from the patients who visited Kyungpook University Hospital during the period from March 1993 to June 1993 and 74 controls (47 male 27 female) from normal population. zinc, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium and aluminum were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer(IL. 551). The results were summarized as follows. In NIDDM group, mean contents of zinc and copper were ppm, ppm respectively; where as ppm, ppm in control group. The mean of above two mineral content showed significant difference statistically (p ppm were significantly higher than the control group; ppm(p ppm, ppm, ppm; whereas ppm, ppm, ppm in control group. The mean of above three mineral showed significant difference statistically(p

This study deals with the immobilization of mixtures of two semiconductor oxides Cuo and TiO 2 on... more This study deals with the immobilization of mixtures of two semiconductor oxides Cuo and TiO 2 on fi brous palygorskite clay minerai in order to evaluate their photocatalytic activity for removing Orange G dye as model pollutant from aqueous solutions. The elaboration of CuO-TiO:!Palygorskite nanocomposites was carried out by impregnation with Cu 2+ of before hand synthesized TiO 2 sup ported palygorskite (Pal) followed by air annealing for 5 h at 550 •c. ln the composite materials, different Cuo to Cuo+ TiO 2 molar ratios were used in order to obtain a Cuo content in the range 13-30 mol.%. XRD, SEM and TEM equipped with elemental EDS analysis are concordant for show ing the crystallization of anatase TiO 2 along with Cuo whose average size of nanoparticles (NPs) are in the range 6 to 20 nm as determined by TEM. By increasing the Cuo content the average size of this oxide remains constant at about 1 O nm while that of TiO 2 NPs is slightly decreasing from 8.4 to 5.1 nm. Both oxide NPs were successfully attached on palygorskite fibers where they form Cu0-TiO 2 heterojunctions (grain boundaries like). The Cu0-TiO 2 /Pal supported photocatalyst con taining 23% of Cuo was found to be the most photoactive material but itremained less active than TiO 2 /Palygorskite supported photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of the mixed nanocomposites is not readily correlated with only one of their main features as Cuo content or the average crystal lite size of functional oxides indicating that if there are synergistic effects there are also antagonistic effects in particular for high Cuo contents.

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series, 2019

The perception of taste is determined by several factors, including genetics, which at the same t... more The perception of taste is determined by several factors, including genetics, which at the same time is related with the diet and diseases in different populations. We aimed to identify the frequency of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs307355, rs35744813, rs713598, rs1726866, rs10246939 and rs11091046) involved in the perception of sweet, bitter and salty flavor in Ecuadorian mestizo population. It was found that the presence of the T allele of rs307355 and rs35744813 is associated with decreased ability of subjects to carry out specific discrimination of sweetness, this is particularly interesting given the correlation found (p = 0.0022) between sucrose perception and family history of cancer and diabetes. Furthermore, rs713598, rs1726866 and rs10246939 do not influence the ability to perceive the bitter taste. Concerning the perception of the salty taste, rs11091046 does influence the capacity of detecting it more easily. This theoretical knowledge of the genetic influence on taste perception can contribute to the understanding of eating habits and their impact on human health.

BMC Veterinary Research, 2018

Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (... more Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), threaten the pig industry worldwide. Five genotypes of PCV2 were recently identified: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, PCV2d and PCV2e. In addition, a novel porcine circovirus from a case of a sow with dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure has been identified based on metagenomic analysis and classified as porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3). Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV2 and PCV3 in clinical samples. Results: A total of 471 samples (161 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 34 farms and 310 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV2. Among them, 171 samples from 59 farms that had been positive for PCV2 were genotyped. Another 690 samples (296 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 91 farms, 108 samples of aborted foetuses from 26 farms, and 286 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV3. Based on PCV2 genotyping results, PCV2d was the most prevalent genotype (107 of 171 samples), and co-infections with combinations of PCV2a, 2b and 2d were identified in 48 samples from 17 farms. A total of 14 samples from 11 farms were also positive for both PCV2 and PCV3. For PCV3, 57 samples (9.8%) from 32 farms (23.2%) were positive. Among the 108 aborted foetuses from 26 farms, only 2 samples were positive for PCV3. Based on sequence comparisons, PCV2d shares 89.6-91.0% and 93.2-94.3% homology with PCV2a and PCV2b, respectively; 98.6-100% homology is shared among PCV2d strains. The PCV3 strains identified in this study share 98.0-99.5% homology. Conclusions: Our study concludes that PCV2d has become the most predominant genotype in Korea. PCV3 was also identified in clinical samples, though no significant association with clinical symptoms was observed in PCV3-positive cases.

BMC Veterinary Research, 2018

Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (... more Background: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), threaten the pig industry worldwide. Five genotypes of PCV2 were recently identified: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, PCV2d and PCV2e. In addition, a novel porcine circovirus from a case of a sow with dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure has been identified based on metagenomic analysis and classified as porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3). Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV2 and PCV3 in clinical samples. Results: A total of 471 samples (161 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 34 farms and 310 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV2. Among them, 171 samples from 59 farms that had been positive for PCV2 were genotyped. Another 690 samples (296 tissue samples of lungs and lymph nodes from 91 farms, 108 samples of aborted foetuses from 26 farms, and 286 serum samples from 47 farms) were tested for PCV3. Based on PCV2 genotyping results, PCV2d was the most prevalent genotype (107 of 171 samples), and co-infections with combinations of PCV2a, 2b and 2d were identified in 48 samples from 17 farms. A total of 14 samples from 11 farms were also positive for both PCV2 and PCV3. For PCV3, 57 samples (9.8%) from 32 farms (23.2%) were positive. Among the 108 aborted foetuses from 26 farms, only 2 samples were positive for PCV3. Based on sequence comparisons, PCV2d shares 89.6-91.0% and 93.2-94.3% homology with PCV2a and PCV2b, respectively; 98.6-100% homology is shared among PCV2d strains. The PCV3 strains identified in this study share 98.0-99.5% homology. Conclusions: Our study concludes that PCV2d has become the most predominant genotype in Korea. PCV3 was also identified in clinical samples, though no significant association with clinical symptoms was observed in PCV3-positive cases.

Diabetes research and clinical practice, Jan 27, 2017

To evaluate whether variable fatty liver status over time influence the risk of type 2 diabetes d... more To evaluate whether variable fatty liver status over time influence the risk of type 2 diabetes differently. We analyzed the data from 7849 subjects without type 2 diabetes who underwent comprehensive health check-ups annually for 5 years. All subjects had an abdominal ultrasonography annually. The risk of incident diabetes was assessed in individuals with sustained non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), individuals with changed fatty liver status (intermittent NAFLD group), and individuals who did not have NAFLD (never NAFLD group) during the study period. A subgroup analysis was done in subjects of the intermittent NAFLD group. Incident diabetes was compared according to the number of time diagnosed as NAFLD by annual ultrasonography. During the mean follow-up of 4 years, subjects in the sustained NAFLD group had a HR of 1.50 (95% CI 1.13-1.98) for the development of diabetes compared with those in the never NAFLD group, whereas the risk was not higher in the intermittent NAFL...

Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische Chemie, 1971

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2016

liraglutide (Lira) or the short-acting GLP-1RA lixisenatide (Lixi) in Japanese patients with type... more liraglutide (Lira) or the short-acting GLP-1RA lixisenatide (Lixi) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon were measured using blood sampling and gastric emptying was measured using 13C breath test for 4hours after solid test meal (280 kcal carbohydrate, 100 kcal protein, 100 kcal fat and 13C-sodium acetate 200 mg). Areas under the curve (AUC) of plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon were calculated using trapezoidal rule. Gastric emptying rate (T1/2) was analyzed based on the time-plot of pulmonary 13CO2 excretion rate (% dose/h) according to the Wagner-Nelson method. Data (mean ± SEM) were evaluated using student's t-tests or paired t-test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Before initiation of the GLP-1RA agents, there were no significant differences in HbA1c, BMI or duration between Lira and Lixi groups (Lira, n = 10; age 55.2 ± 3.0 year old; duration 9.2 ± 2.7 years/ Lixi, n = 5; age 52.4 ± 3.9 year old; duration 10.2 ± 4.2 years). After 12 wks administration of maximum dose agents (Lira 0.9 mg/Lixi 20 ug in Japan), HbA1c and bodyweight were significantly improved in both Lira and Lixi groups (HbA1c(%):

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1985

Preliminary X-ray studies on Serratia protease have been carried out using crystallographic and s... more Preliminary X-ray studies on Serratia protease have been carried out using crystallographic and small angle scattering techniques. The enzyme has been crystallized in three different crystalline forms by microdialysis and vapor diffusion methods using 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.0, at 24 degrees C. They have orthorhombic space groups: C222(1) for one form and P2(1)2(1)2(1) for the other two forms. A small angle X-ray scattering study showed that the radius of gyration and the maximal dimension of the molecule in aqueous solution are 26.6 A and 94.5 A, respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 45,000-48,000 by various physical methods.

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1978

A chloroplast-type ferredoxin containing two non-heme iron and two labile sulfur atoms per molecu... more A chloroplast-type ferredoxin containing two non-heme iron and two labile sulfur atoms per molecule was prepared from Aphanothece sacrum. Crystals were obtained by dialysis against 75% saturated a-monium sulfate solution, and belong to the tetragonal system with cell dimensions a = b = 92.2 A and c = 47.6 A, containing four molecules in an asymmetric unit. The electron density map at 5 A resolution was calculated by using the best phase angles determined by the single isomorphous replacement method coupled with the anomalous dispersion effect. An anomalous dispersion difference Fourier map for the native crystal clearly showed four humps corresponding to the iron atoms in an asymmetric unit. The electron densis surface.

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1968

The Journal of Biochemistry, 1979

Lipase from Geotrichum candidum (ATCC34614) is a glycerol ester hydrolase which has a molecular w... more Lipase from Geotrichum candidum (ATCC34614) is a glycerol ester hydrolase which has a molecular weight of 55,000 with about 7% carbohydrate, displaying a high affinity for triolein. The enzyme was crystallized from more than 2% protein solution without using any salt or organic solvent. The crystals were cross-linked by soaking in 0.37% glutaraldehyde solution (0.1 M acetate buffer solution, pH 5.6). The structure was determined by X-ray diffraction using the isomorphous replacement technique. Two heavy-atom derivatives [K2PtCl4 and UO2(CH3COO)2] were obtained by the soaking method. The electron density map calculated at 5 A resolution clearly showed the molecular boundary. A balsa wood model was made on the basis of the 6 A electron density map. The molecular has an ellipsoidal shape with dimensions of 70 A X 50 A X 50 A. Several columns of density corresponding to alpha-helix and a few clefts were found in the molecule. The active site is presumably located in the vicinity of one of the Pt sites in the Pt-derivative crystal, judging from the inactivation of the enzyme by K2PtCl4.

Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische Chemie, 1971

Atherosclerosis, Jan 16, 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of lipid variables to predict the develop... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of lipid variables to predict the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the longitudinal association between lipid profiles and incident CKD in a large apparently healthy cohort. A retrospective longitudinal analysis of 10,288 subjects who had participated in comprehensive health check-ups at least four times over a 7-year period was conducted. The risk of incident CKD associated with lipid variables was analyzed using adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CKD per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in lipid level. The development of CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Over a mean follow-up of 56.5 ± 14.3 months, 356 (3.5%) subjects developed CKD. The multivariate adjusted HRs for incident CKD per 1 SD increase in baseline lipid level were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.41) for triglycerides (TG), 0.77 (0.68-0.88) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (H...

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by an increased risk of incident diabetes and cardiovasc... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by an increased risk of incident diabetes and cardiovascular (CV) events, identifying insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction as key elements. Moreover, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is bidirectionally linked with MS as a consequence of metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities. We addressed the question if the evolution in NAFLD might worsen endothelium-dependent vasodilating response in MS hypertensives. We recruited 272 Caucasian newly-diagnosed never-treated hypertensive outpatients divided into three groups according to the presence/absence of MS alone or in combination with NAFLD. MS and NAFLD were defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) and non-invasive fatty liver index, respectively. We determined IR by using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. Vascular function, as forearm blood flow (FBF), was determined through strain-gauge plethysmography after intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside. MS+NAFLD+ group showed worse metabolic, inflammatory and vascular profiles compared with MS´NAFLD´and MS+NAFLD´. HOMA resulted in being the strongest predictor of FBF both in the MS+NAFLD´and in the MS+NAFLD+ groups, accounting for 20.5% and 33.2% of its variation, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MS+NAFLD+ hypertensives show a worse endothelium-dependent vasodilation compared with MS+NAFLD´, allowing for consideration of NAFLD as an early marker of endothelial dysfunction in hypertensives.

Korean Journal of Medicine, 2012

Acute pancreatitis caused by primary hyperparathyroidism-induced hypercalcemia is a rare conditio... more Acute pancreatitis caused by primary hyperparathyroidism-induced hypercalcemia is a rare condition, as acute pancreatitis is typically associated with a decrease in serum calcium levels. If hypercalcemia is present in a patient with acute pancreatitis, the possibility of hyperparathyroidism should be considered, and parathyroid hormone levels should be evaluated and the parathyroid gland imaged. We present a case of a 48-year-old male with acute recurrent pancreatitis caused by hyperparathyroidism. Initially, the acute pancreatitis improved after conservative therapy. However, the patient relapsed 1 month later. The patient had hypercalcemia and was diagnosed with parathyroid adenoma. He underwent surgical resection of the parathyroid adenoma and recovered. After 24 months of the treatment, there was no recurrence of the hypercalcemia or pancreatitis.

Utilizing the concurrence of polymerization-induced phase separation and sol-gel transition in th... more Utilizing the concurrence of polymerization-induced phase separation and sol-gel transition in the hydrolytic polycondensation of alkoxysilanes, a well-defined macroporous structure is formed in a monolithic wet gel. By exchanging the fluid phase of the wet gel with an appropriate external solution, the nanometer-range structure of the wet gel can be reorganized into structures with larger median pore size essentially without affecting the macroporous framework. The double-pore structure thus prepared is characterized by open pores distributed in discrete size ranges of micrometers and nanometers. A new type of chromatographic column (silica rod) has been developed using monolithic double-pore silica instead of packed spherical gel particles. Typical silica rod columns had significantly reduced pressure drops and improved analytical efficiencies which do not deteriorate even at higher sample flow rates, both arising from a greater macropore volume than particle packed columns.

Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology, 2011

Among the apoptosis signals, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) is a well-known regulator of apoptosis ... more Among the apoptosis signals, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) is a well-known regulator of apoptosis with anti-apoptotic properties. We investigated here whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the BCL2 were associated with host susceptibility of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) occurrence and clinicopathologic parameters. Ninety-two PTC patients and 222 control subjects were recruited. One promoter SNP (rs2279115, -938A/C) and one synonymous SNP (rs1801018, Thr7Thr) in the BCL2 gene were selected and genotyped using direct sequencing. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to evaluate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and P-values. rs1801018 of the BCL2 gene was not associated with the development of PTC. In the clinicopathologic features, rs1801018 SNP was associated with the number and location. The G allele frequency of rs1801018 in PTC patients with multifocality (13.3%) was about four-fold higher than that in PTC patients with unifocality (3.4%). The G all...