sangita Sahni - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sangita Sahni

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG, Jan 20, 2014

We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius accession... more We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius accessions using the 454 GS FLX Titanium System and discovered annotation-based genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) using next-generation ginseng transcriptome data without reference genome sequence. The comprehensive transcriptome characterization with the mature roots of four ginseng accessions generated 297,170 reads for 'Cheonryang' cultivar, 305,673 reads for 'Yunpoong' cultivar, 311,861 reads for the G03080 breeding line, and 308,313 reads for P. quinquefolius. In transcriptome assembly, the lengths of the sample read were 156.42 Mb for 'Cheonryang', 161.95 Mb for 'Yunpoong', 165.07 Mb for G03080 breeding line, and 166.48 Mb for P. quinquefolius. A total of 97 primer pairs were designed with the homozygous SNP presented in all four accessions. SNP genotyping using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis was performed to validate the putative SNP ...

Biopesticides and Bioagents, 2016

Crop Protection, 2021

Abstract Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, is a major constraint to chi... more Abstract Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, is a major constraint to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production and breeding for resistant cultivars is one of the most practical and economical strategies for managing this disease. The present study assesses elite chickpea breeding lines for Fusarium wilt resistance through multi-location evaluation in field sick plots over two years in India. The effects of genotype, environment and GE interaction for wilt incidence were highly significant with maximum variation caused by GE effect (82.09%) followed by genotype (11.16%) and environment effect (6.38%). GGE biplot analysis revealed that Rahuri and Indore locations were most discriminating locations and could differentiate the wilt resistant and susceptible chickpea genotypes while Dholi and Kanpur locations were least discriminating. Durgapura location was the most representative of average environment followed by Sehore while Rahuri and Indore locations were least representative. The genotypes GJG 0904, GJG 0906, GJG 1010, GJG 0814, GJG 0922, JAKI 9218 and GJG 1001 possessed high level of multiple race resistance against Fusarium wilt pathogen and can be exploited for disease resistance breeding in chickpea.

Australasian Plant Pathology, 2022

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2020

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as an ongoing pandemic disease or probably syndemic an... more COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as an ongoing pandemic disease or probably syndemic and became the latest threat to global health The main route of transmission of virus droplet start with respiratory problems coughing, sneezing, fever during infection period, which may end up with death, if not treated Many emerging epidemiological factors have made COVID-19 as global alarming disease To control the outbreak of COVID-19, a critical management along with quarantine measure is applicable, which requires early detection of infection The early detection of COVID-19 infection is playing a vital role in controlling of progression of illness and limiting viral spread within the population Therefore, reliable, highly specific and sensitive diagnosis techniques are necessary for its early detection Among several detection techniques, qRT-PCR is the rapidly employed, sensitive and widely accepted technique In present review, different molecular techniques with emphasis on qRT-PCR ...

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2021

The growing human population has put enormous pressure on agriculture to increase production and ... more The growing human population has put enormous pressure on agriculture to increase production and productivity, which has resulted in the widespread usage of agrochemicals. The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals has harmed soil fertility and resulted in significant environmental contamination, impacting human health. The discovery and implementation of bacterial isolates with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have enormous potential for reducing the usage of chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and herbicides. However, the identification of bacterial isolates is a prerequisite to utilize them for agricultural purposes. Traditional methods involve culturing microbes using a range of nonselective and selective enrichment methods, followed by biochemical confirmation among others. Traditional methods involve culturing microbes, followed by morphological biochemical confirmation etc. In the present investigation, we describe a fast and effective approach for isolating and ident...

Introdução: Este arquivo busca verificar a incidência de lesões por pressão (LP) e eventos advers... more Introdução: Este arquivo busca verificar a incidência de lesões por pressão (LP) e eventos adversos graves em pacientes submetidos à posição prona.

Science works to discover the functioning of the universe. All theories and methods in science ar... more Science works to discover the functioning of the universe. All theories and methods in science are intended for successful...

In spite of the possibility of analysing large samples and the rapidity of Polymerase Chain React... more In spite of the possibility of analysing large samples and the rapidity of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology, the usual protocols for DNA plant extraction remain time-consuming, slow and even hazardous. To lessen labor, time or cost of DNA extraction, a simple and instant method for genomic DNA extraction from leaf tissue of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) leaf is established. Small quantity of tissue materials (typically 3-5 mg) was ground in a centrifuge tube using plastic pestles in extraction solution. Extracted DNA was suitable for PCR analysis, without centrifugation. The feasibility of this method was confirmed by testing molecular markers and transgene detection. This method requires less than 1 mg of plant tissue stored frozen or used fresh and is useful for molecular marker, transgene detection, and other experiments.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Sustainable agriculture demands the use of our natural resources to enhance production and produc... more Sustainable agriculture demands the use of our natural resources to enhance production and productivity without depleting the natural base along with a vision to preserve them for our future generation. The effect of modern agriculture driven by agrochemicals has raised serious concern about the health and wellbeing of our environment and humans as well. The growth of the population and shrinking resources has created the need for searching new technology and resources to balance between feeding and preserving the environment. Researchers are nowadays more focussed towards trying and testing new products to reduce our dependency on agrochemicals. Among the various alternatives, Seaweed has drawn the attention of many researchers due to its unique properties and abundant availability. They are nowadays used to increase the yield by enhancing the nutrient uptake by the plant. This can reduce excessive fertilizer application for yield enhancement. Seaweed extracts are also showing effe...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damag... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damage from wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri( Padwick) with yield loss over 60 per cent. It is an important soil borne plant pathogen and is difficult to manage by application of chemical pesticides. Moreover, the chemical control is costly and leads to residual effect. A plethora of reports indictes the efforts made to reduce environmental effects and rationalize the use of pesticides and manage the pathogen more effectively through Integration of Disease Management (IDM). Application of soil amendments and specific bio-control agents also incorporated in IDM which has potential to suppress soil-borne pathogens through manipulation of the physicochemical and microbiological environment. Therefore, IDM approach for controlling chickpea Fusarium wilt might be a cost effective and eco-friendly approach.

Indian Phytopathology, 2020

Collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most economically important diseases of chi... more Collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most economically important diseases of chickpea, which causes considerable loss every year. Since, control methods alone may not completely and effectively manage this ubiquitous pathogen, an attempt was made to control collar rot of chickpea more effectively by integration of Pseudomonas sp. (PUR46) along with vermicompost. Three enzymes, viz., catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were analyzed for their possible role in induction of resistance by the vermicompost and Pseudomonas activities in plants exhibiting induced resistance. The activities of POD and PAL enzymes were high, whereas CAT activity was found to be low in untreated plants than the vermicompost and PUR46 treated chickpea plants after they were challenged with S. rolfsii. Their maximum activities were appeared at 48 h after pathogen challenge. Interestingly, POD and PAL activities were higher in the stems, the site of collar rot infection than in leaves, whereas the reverse held true for CAT. This study showed that S. rolfsii infected untreated chickpea plant exhibited a non-coordination in antioxidant defense enzymes POD and CAT, which were proposed to facilitate penetration by the pathogen lead to mortality in chickpea. Combined application of 25% vermicompost along with seed bacterization showed minimal induction of POD and PAL activities in leaves and stems of chickpea plants in 48 h but maintained their activities throughout the sampling periods compared to inoculated control, indicating the lesser requirement of defense enzymes in the treated plants for encountering the pathogen.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2019

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful reverse genetics technology used to unravel the... more Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful reverse genetics technology used to unravel the functions of genes. It uses viruses as vectors to carry targeted plant genes. The virus vector is used to induce RNA-mediated silencing of a gene or genes in the host plant. The process of silencing is triggered by dsRNA molecules, the mechanism is explained in this chapter. Over the years a large number of viruses have been modified for use as VIGS vectors and a list of these vectors is also included. As the name suggests, virus-induced gene silencing uses the host plant’s natural defense mechanisms against viral infection to silence plant genes. VIGS is methodologically simple and is widely used to determine gene functions, including disease resistance, abiotic stress, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and signal transduction pathways. Here, we made an attempt to describe the basic underlying molecular mechanism of VIGS, the methodology and various experimental requirements, as we...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2018

The vagaries of Climate Change variability need to be addressed and as climatic conditions change... more The vagaries of Climate Change variability need to be addressed and as climatic conditions change at particular experimental sites and maize producing regions, mega-environment assignments will need to be reassessed to guide breeders to appropriate new germplasm and target environments. The development of improved germplasm to meet the needs of future generations in light of climate change and population growth is of the upmost importance. Evaluation of the inbred lines from diverse ecosystems would be effective for production of lines with resilience towards climate variability. Hence, with this objective diverse set of inbred lines sourced from all over India were characterized and were evaluated with DIVA-GIS for diversity analysis of maize inbred lines. Grid maps generated for these maize inbred lines for eleven quantitative traits indicated that these lines can be sourced from North and South India. High Shannon diversity index with maximum range of 2.17-3.0, 2.25-3.0, 2.36-3.0, 2.4-4.0, 2.0-3.0, and 2.2-3.0 were recorded for the traits viz; plant height, ear height, grain weight, grain yield, kernel row and protein content respectively indicating the high response of these traits to ecosystem. However, inbred lines were found to be diverse for all the traits except for ears plant-1 (EPP) and they have been sourced from Northern and Southern parts of India while for EPP recorded less diversity index range of 0.4-1.0 indicating source from South India. Interestingly, less diverse inbred lines for all the eleven quantitative traits have been sourced from Indogangetic plains as indicated in diversity grid maps. Maximum diversity indices were recorded for anthesis silking interval (ASI), days to silking, days to tasseling, which are in the range of 0.97-2.0, 1.528-2.0, 1.516-2.0 and 1.528-2.0 respectively. Hence, DIVA-GIS enabled identification of diverse sources from varied ecosystems which can be used for developing improved lines/ cultivars with greater resilience towards climate change.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2018

White rot or stem rot caused by the polyphagous fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is... more White rot or stem rot caused by the polyphagous fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a serious threat to production and productivity of rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris). The regular incidence of Sclerotinia blight in different states of India has been recorded as a limiting factor for this pulse crop grown in moister regions and wet years. Sclerotinia infection in pulses leads to stem and pod rot, crop lodging and reduced seed fill and causes considerable yield losses. Effective disease control measures against S. sclerotiorum continues to be a challenge because of the inefficiency of the chemical control in managing this disease and not environmentally safe. Therefore, cultivation of rajmash cultivars highly resistant to Sclerotinia would be most desirable for both ecological and economic reasons. Thirty two genotypes of rajmash, collected from All India Coordinated Research Project on MULLaRP, T.C.A., Dholi were screened against Sclerotinia rot. Out of these entries, Out of 32 genotypes evaluated, only one genotypes, Utkarsh was found to be resistance and five genotypes (RKR 1038-1, RKR 1011, Amber, Arun, and Uday) showed moderate resistance. Two genotypes i.e. SKUAB 341, and SKUAST WB 1634 exhibited moderately susceptible reaction. However, twenty-four genotypes showed a sensitive and highly susceptible reaction against this disease.

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG, Jan 20, 2014

We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius accession... more We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius accessions using the 454 GS FLX Titanium System and discovered annotation-based genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) using next-generation ginseng transcriptome data without reference genome sequence. The comprehensive transcriptome characterization with the mature roots of four ginseng accessions generated 297,170 reads for 'Cheonryang' cultivar, 305,673 reads for 'Yunpoong' cultivar, 311,861 reads for the G03080 breeding line, and 308,313 reads for P. quinquefolius. In transcriptome assembly, the lengths of the sample read were 156.42 Mb for 'Cheonryang', 161.95 Mb for 'Yunpoong', 165.07 Mb for G03080 breeding line, and 166.48 Mb for P. quinquefolius. A total of 97 primer pairs were designed with the homozygous SNP presented in all four accessions. SNP genotyping using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis was performed to validate the putative SNP ...

Biopesticides and Bioagents, 2016

Crop Protection, 2021

Abstract Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, is a major constraint to chi... more Abstract Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, is a major constraint to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production and breeding for resistant cultivars is one of the most practical and economical strategies for managing this disease. The present study assesses elite chickpea breeding lines for Fusarium wilt resistance through multi-location evaluation in field sick plots over two years in India. The effects of genotype, environment and GE interaction for wilt incidence were highly significant with maximum variation caused by GE effect (82.09%) followed by genotype (11.16%) and environment effect (6.38%). GGE biplot analysis revealed that Rahuri and Indore locations were most discriminating locations and could differentiate the wilt resistant and susceptible chickpea genotypes while Dholi and Kanpur locations were least discriminating. Durgapura location was the most representative of average environment followed by Sehore while Rahuri and Indore locations were least representative. The genotypes GJG 0904, GJG 0906, GJG 1010, GJG 0814, GJG 0922, JAKI 9218 and GJG 1001 possessed high level of multiple race resistance against Fusarium wilt pathogen and can be exploited for disease resistance breeding in chickpea.

Australasian Plant Pathology, 2022

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2020

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as an ongoing pandemic disease or probably syndemic an... more COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as an ongoing pandemic disease or probably syndemic and became the latest threat to global health The main route of transmission of virus droplet start with respiratory problems coughing, sneezing, fever during infection period, which may end up with death, if not treated Many emerging epidemiological factors have made COVID-19 as global alarming disease To control the outbreak of COVID-19, a critical management along with quarantine measure is applicable, which requires early detection of infection The early detection of COVID-19 infection is playing a vital role in controlling of progression of illness and limiting viral spread within the population Therefore, reliable, highly specific and sensitive diagnosis techniques are necessary for its early detection Among several detection techniques, qRT-PCR is the rapidly employed, sensitive and widely accepted technique In present review, different molecular techniques with emphasis on qRT-PCR ...

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2021

The growing human population has put enormous pressure on agriculture to increase production and ... more The growing human population has put enormous pressure on agriculture to increase production and productivity, which has resulted in the widespread usage of agrochemicals. The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals has harmed soil fertility and resulted in significant environmental contamination, impacting human health. The discovery and implementation of bacterial isolates with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have enormous potential for reducing the usage of chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and herbicides. However, the identification of bacterial isolates is a prerequisite to utilize them for agricultural purposes. Traditional methods involve culturing microbes using a range of nonselective and selective enrichment methods, followed by biochemical confirmation among others. Traditional methods involve culturing microbes, followed by morphological biochemical confirmation etc. In the present investigation, we describe a fast and effective approach for isolating and ident...

Introdução: Este arquivo busca verificar a incidência de lesões por pressão (LP) e eventos advers... more Introdução: Este arquivo busca verificar a incidência de lesões por pressão (LP) e eventos adversos graves em pacientes submetidos à posição prona.

Science works to discover the functioning of the universe. All theories and methods in science ar... more Science works to discover the functioning of the universe. All theories and methods in science are intended for successful...

In spite of the possibility of analysing large samples and the rapidity of Polymerase Chain React... more In spite of the possibility of analysing large samples and the rapidity of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology, the usual protocols for DNA plant extraction remain time-consuming, slow and even hazardous. To lessen labor, time or cost of DNA extraction, a simple and instant method for genomic DNA extraction from leaf tissue of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) leaf is established. Small quantity of tissue materials (typically 3-5 mg) was ground in a centrifuge tube using plastic pestles in extraction solution. Extracted DNA was suitable for PCR analysis, without centrifugation. The feasibility of this method was confirmed by testing molecular markers and transgene detection. This method requires less than 1 mg of plant tissue stored frozen or used fresh and is useful for molecular marker, transgene detection, and other experiments.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Sustainable agriculture demands the use of our natural resources to enhance production and produc... more Sustainable agriculture demands the use of our natural resources to enhance production and productivity without depleting the natural base along with a vision to preserve them for our future generation. The effect of modern agriculture driven by agrochemicals has raised serious concern about the health and wellbeing of our environment and humans as well. The growth of the population and shrinking resources has created the need for searching new technology and resources to balance between feeding and preserving the environment. Researchers are nowadays more focussed towards trying and testing new products to reduce our dependency on agrochemicals. Among the various alternatives, Seaweed has drawn the attention of many researchers due to its unique properties and abundant availability. They are nowadays used to increase the yield by enhancing the nutrient uptake by the plant. This can reduce excessive fertilizer application for yield enhancement. Seaweed extracts are also showing effe...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damag... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damage from wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri( Padwick) with yield loss over 60 per cent. It is an important soil borne plant pathogen and is difficult to manage by application of chemical pesticides. Moreover, the chemical control is costly and leads to residual effect. A plethora of reports indictes the efforts made to reduce environmental effects and rationalize the use of pesticides and manage the pathogen more effectively through Integration of Disease Management (IDM). Application of soil amendments and specific bio-control agents also incorporated in IDM which has potential to suppress soil-borne pathogens through manipulation of the physicochemical and microbiological environment. Therefore, IDM approach for controlling chickpea Fusarium wilt might be a cost effective and eco-friendly approach.

Indian Phytopathology, 2020

Collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most economically important diseases of chi... more Collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most economically important diseases of chickpea, which causes considerable loss every year. Since, control methods alone may not completely and effectively manage this ubiquitous pathogen, an attempt was made to control collar rot of chickpea more effectively by integration of Pseudomonas sp. (PUR46) along with vermicompost. Three enzymes, viz., catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were analyzed for their possible role in induction of resistance by the vermicompost and Pseudomonas activities in plants exhibiting induced resistance. The activities of POD and PAL enzymes were high, whereas CAT activity was found to be low in untreated plants than the vermicompost and PUR46 treated chickpea plants after they were challenged with S. rolfsii. Their maximum activities were appeared at 48 h after pathogen challenge. Interestingly, POD and PAL activities were higher in the stems, the site of collar rot infection than in leaves, whereas the reverse held true for CAT. This study showed that S. rolfsii infected untreated chickpea plant exhibited a non-coordination in antioxidant defense enzymes POD and CAT, which were proposed to facilitate penetration by the pathogen lead to mortality in chickpea. Combined application of 25% vermicompost along with seed bacterization showed minimal induction of POD and PAL activities in leaves and stems of chickpea plants in 48 h but maintained their activities throughout the sampling periods compared to inoculated control, indicating the lesser requirement of defense enzymes in the treated plants for encountering the pathogen.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2019

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful reverse genetics technology used to unravel the... more Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful reverse genetics technology used to unravel the functions of genes. It uses viruses as vectors to carry targeted plant genes. The virus vector is used to induce RNA-mediated silencing of a gene or genes in the host plant. The process of silencing is triggered by dsRNA molecules, the mechanism is explained in this chapter. Over the years a large number of viruses have been modified for use as VIGS vectors and a list of these vectors is also included. As the name suggests, virus-induced gene silencing uses the host plant’s natural defense mechanisms against viral infection to silence plant genes. VIGS is methodologically simple and is widely used to determine gene functions, including disease resistance, abiotic stress, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and signal transduction pathways. Here, we made an attempt to describe the basic underlying molecular mechanism of VIGS, the methodology and various experimental requirements, as we...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2018

The vagaries of Climate Change variability need to be addressed and as climatic conditions change... more The vagaries of Climate Change variability need to be addressed and as climatic conditions change at particular experimental sites and maize producing regions, mega-environment assignments will need to be reassessed to guide breeders to appropriate new germplasm and target environments. The development of improved germplasm to meet the needs of future generations in light of climate change and population growth is of the upmost importance. Evaluation of the inbred lines from diverse ecosystems would be effective for production of lines with resilience towards climate variability. Hence, with this objective diverse set of inbred lines sourced from all over India were characterized and were evaluated with DIVA-GIS for diversity analysis of maize inbred lines. Grid maps generated for these maize inbred lines for eleven quantitative traits indicated that these lines can be sourced from North and South India. High Shannon diversity index with maximum range of 2.17-3.0, 2.25-3.0, 2.36-3.0, 2.4-4.0, 2.0-3.0, and 2.2-3.0 were recorded for the traits viz; plant height, ear height, grain weight, grain yield, kernel row and protein content respectively indicating the high response of these traits to ecosystem. However, inbred lines were found to be diverse for all the traits except for ears plant-1 (EPP) and they have been sourced from Northern and Southern parts of India while for EPP recorded less diversity index range of 0.4-1.0 indicating source from South India. Interestingly, less diverse inbred lines for all the eleven quantitative traits have been sourced from Indogangetic plains as indicated in diversity grid maps. Maximum diversity indices were recorded for anthesis silking interval (ASI), days to silking, days to tasseling, which are in the range of 0.97-2.0, 1.528-2.0, 1.516-2.0 and 1.528-2.0 respectively. Hence, DIVA-GIS enabled identification of diverse sources from varied ecosystems which can be used for developing improved lines/ cultivars with greater resilience towards climate change.

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2018

White rot or stem rot caused by the polyphagous fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is... more White rot or stem rot caused by the polyphagous fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a serious threat to production and productivity of rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris). The regular incidence of Sclerotinia blight in different states of India has been recorded as a limiting factor for this pulse crop grown in moister regions and wet years. Sclerotinia infection in pulses leads to stem and pod rot, crop lodging and reduced seed fill and causes considerable yield losses. Effective disease control measures against S. sclerotiorum continues to be a challenge because of the inefficiency of the chemical control in managing this disease and not environmentally safe. Therefore, cultivation of rajmash cultivars highly resistant to Sclerotinia would be most desirable for both ecological and economic reasons. Thirty two genotypes of rajmash, collected from All India Coordinated Research Project on MULLaRP, T.C.A., Dholi were screened against Sclerotinia rot. Out of these entries, Out of 32 genotypes evaluated, only one genotypes, Utkarsh was found to be resistance and five genotypes (RKR 1038-1, RKR 1011, Amber, Arun, and Uday) showed moderate resistance. Two genotypes i.e. SKUAB 341, and SKUAST WB 1634 exhibited moderately susceptible reaction. However, twenty-four genotypes showed a sensitive and highly susceptible reaction against this disease.