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Papers by Sarah Annabelle Ragay

Ragay, S. A. G., 2019

Studies show that bullying exists among nursing professionals. Bullying is the antithesis of the... more Studies show that bullying exists among nursing professionals. Bullying is the antithesis
of the empathetic essence of nursing and the researcher sees this as a serious problem that must be dealt with. Unrestrained bullying causes negative effects on the delivery of safe and quality care, damages emotional and mental health of its victims, and interferes in the performance and job satisfaction of nurses. All of these should be addressed by the nursing management as urgent issues. The researcher conceptualized this study from the desire to contribute to the understanding of the bullying phenomenon and the need to address this growing problem.
This descriptive-correlational study aims to determine the status of workplace bullying and
the level of job satisfaction among hospital nurses in Negros Oriental, Philippines. It also describes the relationship between the status of workplace bullying in terms of person-related, work-related,and physically intimidating with regards to certain demographic and non-demographic factors of the study participants.
Self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data. Cluster random sampling with
proportional allocation of each hospital participant was used to obtain representativeness among the selected public and private hospitals and its sample size. The sample size was 239 out of 595 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. All study participants are nurses with at least six months of employment in their respective hospitals. The demographic profile of the participants showed that the majority of the respondents belonged to a young age group, were female, and single. Moreover, the status of workplace bullying was described as follows: person-related bullying had “Never” been experienced, work-related bullying had been encountered “Now and then”, and physically intimidating bullying behaviors had “Never” been experienced. Overall, the level of job satisfaction among study participants was slightly satisfied.
The majority of the non-demographic factors have significant associations with bullying
compared to the demographic factors such as nurses’ work status and status of person-related
bullying (2 (2)= 6.881; p=0.032), nurses’ number of identified perpetrators and status of person-
related bullying (r=0.420; p=0.000), nurses’ area of work assignment and status of work-related
bullying (2 (4) = 13.383; p=0.010), nurses’ number of identified perpetrators and status of work-related bullying (r=0.414; p=0.000), and nurses’ number of identified perpetrators and status of physically intimidating bullying (r=0.419; p=0.000). Also, the level of job satisfaction showed negative correlation between the person-related, work-related, and physically intimidating
bullying behaviors, with (r=-0.360; p=0.000), (r=-0.472; p=0.000), and (r=-0.285; p=0.000)
respectively.
Based on the findings of this study, it may be concluded that there is a negligible association with demographic characteristics and the occurrence of bullying in the workplace. Non-demographic variables on the other hand have more significant association with bullying.
Moreover, it is clear that the existence of person-related, work-related, and physically intimidating
bullying behaviors in the workplace can have implications on the level of job satisfaction among
nurses.
Conducting more related studies is recommended, particularly using qualitative approach, to extend deeper understanding and to validate the workplace bullying concept in the Philippine context. The significant data may serve as basis for staff management.

Ragay, S. A. G., 2019