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Papers by shuiquan li

SPE Journal, 2005

Summary Streamline-based models have shown great potential in reconciling high-resolution geologi... more Summary Streamline-based models have shown great potential in reconciling high-resolution geologic models to production data. In this paper, we extend the streamline-based production data integration technique to naturally fractured reservoirs. Describing fluid transport in fractured reservoirs poses additional challenges arising from the matrix/fracture interactions. We use a dual-porosity streamline model for fracture-flow simulation by treating the fracture and matrix as separate continua that are connected through a transfer function. Next, we analytically compute the sensitivities that define the relationship between the reservoir properties and the production response in fractured reservoirs. The sensitivities are an integral part of our approach and can be evaluated very efficiently as 1D integrals along streamlines. Finally, the production data integration is carried out by a generalized travel-time inversion that has been shown to be robust because of its quasilinear proper...

Proceedings of the SPE/AAPG/SEG Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, 2019

The URTeC Technical Program Committee accepted this presentation on the basis of information cont... more The URTeC Technical Program Committee accepted this presentation on the basis of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). The contents of this paper have not been reviewed by URTeC and URTeC does not warrant the accuracy, reliability, or timeliness of any information herein. All information is the responsibility of, and, is subject to corrections by the author(s). Any person or entity that relies on any information obtained from this paper does so at their own risk. The information herein does not necessarily reflect any position of URTeC. Any reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of URTeC is prohibited.

Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2004

In this paper, we present a combined geological, geophysical and rock mechanics approach to natur... more In this paper, we present a combined geological, geophysical and rock mechanics approach to natural fractured reservoir characterization. The local structure entropy analysis on 3D seismic data is used to detect distributions of fault and subfault systems. The curvature attribute along with modeled strain and stress field, constrained with the log data measuring P-and S-wave velocities and rock density and the inverted elastic modulus from pre-stack seismic data, reveal effects of the geological structure, bed thickness and lithology on fracturability of the reservoir layer. These analyses quantify the relationships between the geologic factors and rock fracturability and describe physically the weighting factors for geologic parameters in controlling the rock fracturing. The comparison of the seismic azimuthal analysis results to these of geological and rock mechanics modeling provides an opportunity to verify whether the seismic anisotropy derived from seismic data is caused by structure related natural fracture patterns or by other mechanisms. The consistency among different techniques provides the confidence in the interpretation of the distribution of fractures induced by structures. If azimuthal seismic attribute data can be combined, the application of this procedure results in the development of the fracture connectivity anisotropy by considering relationships between the present and palaeostress fields. In addition, the scale depend analysis technique in this approach can improve the ability to identify the distribution of fractures with multiple length scales. In this paper, case studies are used to illustrate applications of these technologies and their efficiency.

We present optimization results obtained for two type of antennas using evolutionary algorithms. ... more We present optimization results obtained for two type of antennas using evolutionary algorithms. A quadrifilar helical UHF antenna is currently flying aboard NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft and is due to reach final Martian orbit insertion in January, 2002. Using this antenna as a benchmark, we ran experiments employing a coevolutionary genetic algorithm to evolve a quadrifilar helical design in-situ-i.e., in the presence of a surrounding structure. Results show a 93% improvement at 400 MHz and a 48% improvement at 438 MHz in the average gain. The evolved antenna is also one-fourth the size. Yagi-Uda antennas are known to be difficult to design and optimize due to their sensitivity at high gain and the inclusion of numerous parasitic elements. Our fitness calculation allows the implicit relationship between power gain and sidelobe/backlobe loss to emerge naturally, a technique that is less complex than previous approaches. Our results include Yagi-Uda antennas that have excellent bandwidth and gain properties with very good impedance characteristics. Results exceeded previous Yagi-Uda antennas produced via evolutionary algorithms by at least 7.8% in mainlobe gain.

Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste, 2015

In modeling geologic carbon sequestration in a deep inclined aquifer in Wyoming, the impact of ge... more In modeling geologic carbon sequestration in a deep inclined aquifer in Wyoming, the impact of geologic, engineering, and environmental uncertainty factors on parameter importance and prediction uncertainty is evaluated. Given site characterization data, a suite of geologic model families were built to represent aquifer permeability heterogeneity at increasing complexity. With each family, the same CO 2 experiment was simulated. Over a period of 50 years, 17 million tons of CO 2 is injected into the aquifer at an approximate depth of 3,750 m. Postinjection simulation is then carried out for a total simulation time of 2,000 years. Based on the design of the experiment, a screening sensitivity analysis was first conducted for all families, systematically varying uncertain input parameters. Parameters with firstorder impact on CO 2 performance metrics (i.e., trapped gas, dissolved gas, brine leakage, storage ratio) are identified, which vary with time and modeling choice. When the model is of low complexity, engineering and environmental factors are identified as the most significant; when the model increases in complexity, geologic factors that influence aquifer heterogeneity become more important. Given the screening test outcome, a response surface analysis was carried out for each family to create prediction envelopes of the CO 2 storage ratio. By the end of injection, all families predicted similar uncertainty in the storage ratio. After injection ceases, prediction envelopes of the families deviated gradually from one another as a result of different large-scale heterogeneity experienced by each family because the plume migrated continuously along dip. For this inclined aquifer, resources should be devoted first to characterize geologic uncertainty factors (i.e., porositypermeability transform and facies correlation structure) that influence permeability magnitude and connectivity. The effect of these factors on CO 2 flow, trapping, and storage becomes overwhelmingly important compared with engineering and environmental factors. Under conditions of low formation temperatures and high formation fluid pressures, representative CO 2 plumes corresponding to end member CO 2 storage ratios become gravity-stable.

Water Resources Research, 2011

In this study, multiscale permeability upscaling is combined with a sensitivity study of model bo... more In this study, multiscale permeability upscaling is combined with a sensitivity study of model boundary condition to identify an optimal heterogeneity resolution in developing a reservoir model to represent a deep saline aquifer in CO 2 storage simulation. A threedimensional, fully heterogeneous reservoir model is built for a deep saline aquifer in western Wyoming, where each grid cell is identified by multiple material tags. On the basis of these tags, permeability upscaling is conducted to create three increasingly simpler site models, a facies model, a layered model, and a formation model. Accuracy of upscaling is evaluated first, before CO 2 simulation is conducted in all models. Since at the injection site, uncertainty exists in the nature of the reservoir compartment, end-member boundary conditions are evaluated, whereby brine production is introduced to control formation fluid pressure. The effect of conceptual model uncertainty on model prediction is then assessed for each boundary condition. Results suggest that for the spatial and temporal scales considered, without brine production, optimal complexity of the upscaled model depends on the prediction metric of interest; the facies model is the most accurate for capturing plume shape, fluid pressure, and CO 2 mass profiles, while the formation model is adequate for pressure prediction. The layered model is not accurate for predicting most of the performance metrics. Moreover, boundary condition impacts fluid pressure and the amount of CO 2 that can be injected. For the boundary conditions tested, brine production can modulate fluid pressure, affect the direction of mobile gas flow, and influence the accuracy of the upscaled models. In particular, the importance of detailed geologic resolution is weakened when viscous force is strengthened in relation to gravity force. When brine production is active, variability of the predictions by the upscaled models becomes smaller and the predictions are more accurate, suggesting a subtle but important interplay between heterogeneity resolution, fluid driving forces, and model predictions.

AAPG Bulletin, 2012

The Moxa arch anticline is a regional-scale northwest-trending uplift in western Wyoming where ge... more The Moxa arch anticline is a regional-scale northwest-trending uplift in western Wyoming where geologic storage of acid gas (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, ethane) is under consideration. Nugget Sandstone, a deep saline aquifer at depths exceeding 17,000 ft (5180 m), is a candidate formation. This study builds three-dimensional local-to regionalscale geologic and fluid-flow models for the Nugget Sandstone and its neighboring formations. Geologic and engineering characterization data were assembled and screened for accuracy. Using geostatistical simulations (first, sequential indicator simulation of facies, then the sequential Gaussian simulation of porosity [f]), the data were integrated to create a regional-scale geologic model from which a local-scale simulation model surrounding the proposed injection site was extracted. Using this model, acid gas injection was simulated for 50 yr, followed by 1950 yr of monitoring. A sensitivity analysis was conducted, exploring the impact of geologic and engineering variables on model predictions. Results suggest that, at the simulation time scale, low dissolved solids in formation water, large gasphase relative permeability (k rg) hysteresis, and low verticalto-horizontal intrinsic permeability (k) anisotropy all contribute to enhanced storage of acid gas in both residual (trapped) and dissolved forms. The parameter that exerts the largest control on gas storage is relative permeability hysteresis. However, given parameter uncertainty, the total predicted gas storage

Proceedings of International Conference on Horizontal Well Technology, 1996

Based on the finite element of spatially curved and twisted rod, this paper presents a new model ... more Based on the finite element of spatially curved and twisted rod, this paper presents a new model to analyze the BHA in curved borehole and to analyze the effect of borehole curvature on BHA performance. It suggested that the effect of borehole curvature on the BHA depends on not only borehole curvature but also the WOB. For example, when the WOB is lower, the higher the borehole curvature, the weaker the BHA&#39;s building ability is, on the other hand, when the WOB is higher, the higher, the higher the borehole curvature, the stronger the BHA&#39;s building ability is. According to this theory, the conventional BHA also could have a high building ability in curved borehole even higher than what Dyna tool could. Besides, this paper researches BHA&#39;s performance in horizontal section and horizontal extended section. Furthermore, it presents how the bit torque affects the performance of BHA, including the ability of changing inclination, especially the ability of changing azimuth and about this few literature contribute to effects of the bit torque on the performance of BHA in the past. Finally, at least four horizontal wells in west China, the great majority of building section and horizontal section as well as horizontal extended section were completed by conventional table drilling economically and safely with suitable BHA. Introduction Recently, more and more horizontal wells have been drilled, most of those have been finished with Dyna tool from kick point to the end of well over the world. However, it is well known that, to compare with conventional table drilling, to use Dyna tool is very expensive and more dangerous, especially in high inclination section or horizontal section and horizontal extended section. How to complete horizontal wells with regular table drilling successfully, economically and safely is many engineers&#39; thinking. For the sake of cost and safety, one oilfield in west China practiced at least four horizontal wells by regular table drilling with BHA, the program is just after building up an angle with Dyna tool, then to use table drilling with suitable BHA to finish subsequent building section and then horizontal section as well as horizontal extended section. At the request of the experiment, the BHA&#39;s behavior in curved borehole and in horizontal section has been researched. This paper is a part of results. The research is based on the Finite element of spatially curved and twisted rod. Result And Analyses The fig. 3 presents two BHA which have been often used in directional well and horizontal wells drilling in west China. BHA&#39;s Performance In Building Up Section. Here BHA&#39;s performance is evaluated by bit side force, positive bit inclination side force means BHA has building tendency, negative means dropping tendency; bit direction side force means BHA has directional drift tendency. A. The Effect Of Borehole Curvature And Wob On The Bha&#39;s Performance. Here the calculation results are based on the BHA1 in fig. 3 and following parameters: inclination angle 60, WOB is 50KN, 150KN, 250KN respectively. The result is showed in fig. 4, from the fig. 4 one could recognize following characteristics:When the lower WOB(50KN), the higher the borehole curvature, the weaker the BHA&#39;s building ability is.When middle WOB (130KN), with the borehole curvature increasing, the BHA&#39;s building ability still decreases, but it tends to a horizontal line.When higher WOB(250KN), the bigger the borehole curvature, the stronger the BHA&#39;s building ability is. These results are a little different from those in the past, author tries to explains the result as following. P. 403

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2014

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2016