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Papers by sinan aydoğan

Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing, Jul 1, 2023

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the point prevalence (PP) of general pressure... more PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the point prevalence (PP) of general pressure injuries (PIs), hospital-acquired PIs, PI-related risk factors, and PI preventive interventions performed by nurses. DESIGN: Descriptive, multicenter, prospective, analytical study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The sample comprised 5088 patients cared for in 13 hospitals in 12 geographic regions of Turkey. Data were collected between November 5, 2018, and July 17, 2019. METHODS: The study was carried out in 2 stages. First, nurses who collected data were trained in the diagnosis of PI, risk assessment, staging, and prevalence studies, and informed about the purpose and methods of the study, including data collection. Second, nurses and researchers who had received training related to data collection for this study conducted a PP study for PIs in their inpatient clinics using the ASSIST II method. The PI Prevalence Study Tool and the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk were also used during data collection. RESULTS: The PP of general PIs was 9.5%; the prevalence of PIs with hospitalization in intensive care units was 43.2%; medical device–related pressure injuries prevalence was 10.7%. We found that 65.1% of the PIs were acquired after hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: Similarities exist between PI prevalence in Turkey and reported PI prevalence rates worldwide. However, the prevalence of nosocomial PIs related to intensive care units and the prevalence of all nosocomial injuries were higher than rates previously reported. Based on results, there is a need to develop strategies to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial PIs.

Nurse Education Today, 2021

Background: Music is a tool that can be used to reduce stress and anxiety, maintain vital signs a... more Background: Music is a tool that can be used to reduce stress and anxiety, maintain vital signs at normal levels, and increase exam success. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy on nursing students' first objective structured clinical exam success, anxiety levels, and vital signs, and to reveal their views about music therapy in the context of an exam. Design: Mixed-pattern single-blind randomized controlled qualitative study.

Wound Management & Prevention, 2019

Nurses play an important role in identifying, evaluating, monitoring, and managing patients with ... more Nurses play an important role in identifying, evaluating, monitoring, and managing patients with urinary incontinence (UI). PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine nurses' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and obstacles to managing patients' UI. METHODS A descriptive study was conducted between September 2017 and February 2018 at 2 university hospitals, 2 private hospitals, and 4 state hospitals in a metropolitan city in Turkey. All registered nurses present at the times of data collection were eligible to participate. After providing informed consent, they were asked to complete a 25-item demographic characteristic questionnaire, a 7-item UI assessment and care implementation form, a 12-item form assessing obstacles faced during UI care provision, a 24-item UI knowledge questionnaire (higher scores indicated more knowledge; a score of 70% correct was considered adequate), and the Urinary Incontinence Attitude Scale. The latter comprised 15 Likert-type questions that measures attitudes toward UI symptoms, treatment, and prevention (maximum score of 60; higher scores infer positive attitude). Data were collected and entered into a software program for statistical analysis including Mann Whitney U, chi-square, and correlation tests. Incomplete forms were excluded. RESULTS Of the 475 potential participants, 254 nurses completed all forms; 228 (89.8%) were women, 177 (69.7%) had a bachelor's degree, 146 (57.5%) worked in a state hospital, and 105 (41.3%) worked for 2 to 3 years. The mean score for UI knowledge was 15.22 ± 3.43 (range 0-24), and the mean attitude score was 46.40 ± 5.50 (range 15-60). The major nurse- or hospital-related obstacles to providing UI care were a lack of systems for patient follow-up (67.7%) and lack of patient education materials (60.2%). A weak positive correlation was noted between UI knowledge level and attitude (r = 0.263; P = .000). CONCLUSION Although nurses had a positive attitude toward UI, UI knowledge scores were low. Lack of patient follow-up systems and patient education materials were important obstacles to nurses providing UI care. In addition to addressing these obstacles, postgraduation evidence-based UI education for nurses is needed to optimize care.

Wound Management & Prevention, 2019

Nurses should be highly knowledgeable about and have a positive attitude toward pressure ulcer (P... more Nurses should be highly knowledgeable about and have a positive attitude toward pressure ulcer (PU) prevention. PURPOSE This descriptive study was conducted among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in 6 hospitals in Turkey to identify their PU prevention knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of barriers to care. METHODS The study was conducted between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2017, using supervised self-reporting, among nurses working in the ICUs of 3 education and research hospitals, 2 university hospitals, and a private hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Three (3) data collection instruments were used: a participant sociodemographic data collection form, the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument (range 0-26, where higher scores indicate more knowledge), and the Attitude Towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention Instrument (range 13-52; a higher score implies a more positive attitude). Frequencies, t tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Participants (N = 390) were mostly women (339; 86.9%) who had a bachelor's degree (283; 72.6%). The mean knowledge score was 11.54 ± 2.91, and the mean attitude score was 42.96 ± 4.06. The most commonly cited barriers to PU prevention were insufficient staff levels (85.6%) and pressure redistribution materials and equipment (82.6%). Regression analysis of attitude scores showed the following variables affected nurses' attitude toward PU prevention: self-sufficiency in PU risk assessment (β = 0.28), willingness to learn more about preventing PU (β = -0.15), gender (β = -0.15), and knowledge score (β = 0.14). CONCLUSION ICU nurses were found to have a low levels of knowledge but positive attitudes toward PU prevention. Policies and procedures should be developed to increase ICU nurse knowledge levels and remove barriers to optimal PU prevention practices.

Journal of Tissue Viability, 2021

AIM This study was conducted to determine the impact of tailored training provided to nurses for ... more AIM This study was conducted to determine the impact of tailored training provided to nurses for preventing pressure injuries (PIs) on nurses' knowledge levels and the PI point prevalence (PP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This interventional study was carried out in a university hospital with a bed capacity of 1114 in an urban center in Turkey. Ethics committee approval (28.06.2018/31) and institutional permission were obtained for the study, in addition to the nurses' written, informed consent. The study was completed in three stages. In the first stage an initial PP study was conducted in the clinics with the participation of the nurses and the members of the research team (n = 422 patients). In the second stage the knowledge levels of 194 nurses were measured before training was given on following-up and preventing PIs. The nurses then participated in the tailored training and their knowledge levels were re-measured afterwards. All the nurses were given individual advice related to the prevention of PIs for 30 days after they had completed the training. In the third stage a second PP study was conducted four months after the first PP study (n = 454 patients). The data were collected using the Pressure Injury Prevalence Form, the Braden Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Tool and the Knowledge Level Measurement Form. Descriptive values, the paired samples t-test, Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's Exact test were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS The nurses' pretest mean knowledge score was 55.36% ± 14.40 and their posttest mean score was 69.92% ± 9.73. The difference between these scores was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The study found no significant difference between the first PP ratio and the second PP ratio (p > 0.05), and the nurses were better able to evaluate skin and PIs after the training. CONCLUSION The study determined that the tailored training given to the nurses increased their knowledge; however, it had no impact on the PP after four months. It is recommended that any training programs using this model be continued and that PP studies of institutions be conducted annually.

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History, 2022

ÖZET Bu araştırma, lisans eğitimi sürecinde eğitim ve danışmanlığın, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin me... more ÖZET Bu araştırma, lisans eğitimi sürecinde eğitim ve danışmanlığın, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki değerleri ile bakım verici rollerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Boylamsal müdahale çalışması olarak yürütülen araştırma, 50 hemşirelik bölümü öğrencisi ile 2015-2020 yılları arasında tamamlanmıştır. Öğrenciler deney (n=26) ve kontrol (n=24) gruplarına rastgele dağıtılmış, deney grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin her eğitim-öğretim yılında mesleki değerleri ve bakım verici rollerini geliştirecek etkinliklere katılımı sağlanmıştır. Kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilere ise herhangi bir müdahale yapılmamıştır. Araştırmada veriler, öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri, Hemşirelerin Bakım Verici Rollerine İlişkin Tutumları Ölçeği ve Revize Edilen Hemşirelerin Mesleki Değerleri Ölçeğini içeren veri toplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Mann-Whitney U test, varyans analizi, ki-kare ve Fisher kesin ki-kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutum ve revize edilen mesleki değerleri ölçek toplam puan ortalamalarının dört yılda istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı derecede arttığı görüldü (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutum ölçek puan ortalamalarında deney ve kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark görülmedi (p>0,05). Öğrencilerin mesleki değerleri ölçek puan ortalamalarında deney ve kontrol grubu arasında yalnızca ikinci sınıfta anlamlı farklılık olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının ve mesleki değerleri algılama düzeylerinin dört yıllık lisans eğitimi sürecinde artış gösterdiği belirlendi. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Bakım verici rol; hemşirelik öğrencisi; mesleki değer ABS TRACT This study was conducted to determine the effects of education and counseling on the professional values and caregiver roles of nursing students during the undergraduate education process. The research was completed as a longitudinal intervention study with 50 first-year nursing students between the years 2015-2020. The students were randomly divided to the experimental (n=26) and control (n=24) groups, and the students in the experimental group were allowed to participate in activities that would develop their professional values and caregiver roles in each academic year. No intervention was applied to the students in the control group. In the study, data were collected with a data collection form that included the demographic characteristics of the students, the Attitude Scale for Nurses in Caregiving Roles and the Reliability and Validity of Turkish Version of the Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised. Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance, chi-square and Fisher exact chi-square tests were used for data analysis. It was observed that the mean scores of the students in the experimental and control groups regarding their caregiver roles and revised professional values increased statistically significantly in four years (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the students' attitude scale mean scores regarding their caregiver roles (p>0.05). It was observed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the mean scores of the students' professional values only in the second grade (p<0.05). It was determined that nursing students' attitudes towards their caregiver roles and their level of perception of professional values increased during the four-year undergraduate education period.

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

Turkish Journal of Bioethics

Bu bağlamda klinik ortam, teorik bilgilerin uygulamaya katıldığı, duyuşsal alana yönelik becerile... more Bu bağlamda klinik ortam, teorik bilgilerin uygulamaya katıldığı, duyuşsal alana yönelik becerilerin daha geliştiği eğitim ortamıdır. Hemşirelik öğrencileri, yetkin bir hemşire kimliği kazanmak için bu ortamı optimum düzeyde kullanmak durumundadır. Ancak hastaneler, birçok sağlık profesyoneli, hasta, hasta yakınları, diğer yardımcı personelin bulunduğu, dış dünyadan farklı ortamlardır. Hastaneler, hastaların tedavi ve bakım gereksinimlerini karşılarken, sağlık profesyoneli adayı olan öğrencilerin eğitim beklentilerine de cevap vermek durumundadırlar. Hastaneler, hastalar kadar öğrenciler için de yabancı bir ortamdır. Öğrencinin, bu ortama uyum sağlaması, hastaların haklarını ihlal etmeden klinik beceri kazanması gerekmektedir. Ancak klinik eğitim sürecinde öğrenciye yönelik etik ihlaller olabilmektedir. Bu metinde öğrenci hemşirelerin yaşadığı etik problemler ele alınacaktır.

Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing, Jul 1, 2023

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the point prevalence (PP) of general pressure... more PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the point prevalence (PP) of general pressure injuries (PIs), hospital-acquired PIs, PI-related risk factors, and PI preventive interventions performed by nurses. DESIGN: Descriptive, multicenter, prospective, analytical study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The sample comprised 5088 patients cared for in 13 hospitals in 12 geographic regions of Turkey. Data were collected between November 5, 2018, and July 17, 2019. METHODS: The study was carried out in 2 stages. First, nurses who collected data were trained in the diagnosis of PI, risk assessment, staging, and prevalence studies, and informed about the purpose and methods of the study, including data collection. Second, nurses and researchers who had received training related to data collection for this study conducted a PP study for PIs in their inpatient clinics using the ASSIST II method. The PI Prevalence Study Tool and the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk were also used during data collection. RESULTS: The PP of general PIs was 9.5%; the prevalence of PIs with hospitalization in intensive care units was 43.2%; medical device–related pressure injuries prevalence was 10.7%. We found that 65.1% of the PIs were acquired after hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: Similarities exist between PI prevalence in Turkey and reported PI prevalence rates worldwide. However, the prevalence of nosocomial PIs related to intensive care units and the prevalence of all nosocomial injuries were higher than rates previously reported. Based on results, there is a need to develop strategies to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial PIs.

Nurse Education Today, 2021

Background: Music is a tool that can be used to reduce stress and anxiety, maintain vital signs a... more Background: Music is a tool that can be used to reduce stress and anxiety, maintain vital signs at normal levels, and increase exam success. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy on nursing students' first objective structured clinical exam success, anxiety levels, and vital signs, and to reveal their views about music therapy in the context of an exam. Design: Mixed-pattern single-blind randomized controlled qualitative study.

Wound Management & Prevention, 2019

Nurses play an important role in identifying, evaluating, monitoring, and managing patients with ... more Nurses play an important role in identifying, evaluating, monitoring, and managing patients with urinary incontinence (UI). PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine nurses' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and obstacles to managing patients' UI. METHODS A descriptive study was conducted between September 2017 and February 2018 at 2 university hospitals, 2 private hospitals, and 4 state hospitals in a metropolitan city in Turkey. All registered nurses present at the times of data collection were eligible to participate. After providing informed consent, they were asked to complete a 25-item demographic characteristic questionnaire, a 7-item UI assessment and care implementation form, a 12-item form assessing obstacles faced during UI care provision, a 24-item UI knowledge questionnaire (higher scores indicated more knowledge; a score of 70% correct was considered adequate), and the Urinary Incontinence Attitude Scale. The latter comprised 15 Likert-type questions that measures attitudes toward UI symptoms, treatment, and prevention (maximum score of 60; higher scores infer positive attitude). Data were collected and entered into a software program for statistical analysis including Mann Whitney U, chi-square, and correlation tests. Incomplete forms were excluded. RESULTS Of the 475 potential participants, 254 nurses completed all forms; 228 (89.8%) were women, 177 (69.7%) had a bachelor's degree, 146 (57.5%) worked in a state hospital, and 105 (41.3%) worked for 2 to 3 years. The mean score for UI knowledge was 15.22 ± 3.43 (range 0-24), and the mean attitude score was 46.40 ± 5.50 (range 15-60). The major nurse- or hospital-related obstacles to providing UI care were a lack of systems for patient follow-up (67.7%) and lack of patient education materials (60.2%). A weak positive correlation was noted between UI knowledge level and attitude (r = 0.263; P = .000). CONCLUSION Although nurses had a positive attitude toward UI, UI knowledge scores were low. Lack of patient follow-up systems and patient education materials were important obstacles to nurses providing UI care. In addition to addressing these obstacles, postgraduation evidence-based UI education for nurses is needed to optimize care.

Wound Management & Prevention, 2019

Nurses should be highly knowledgeable about and have a positive attitude toward pressure ulcer (P... more Nurses should be highly knowledgeable about and have a positive attitude toward pressure ulcer (PU) prevention. PURPOSE This descriptive study was conducted among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in 6 hospitals in Turkey to identify their PU prevention knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of barriers to care. METHODS The study was conducted between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2017, using supervised self-reporting, among nurses working in the ICUs of 3 education and research hospitals, 2 university hospitals, and a private hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Three (3) data collection instruments were used: a participant sociodemographic data collection form, the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument (range 0-26, where higher scores indicate more knowledge), and the Attitude Towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention Instrument (range 13-52; a higher score implies a more positive attitude). Frequencies, t tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Participants (N = 390) were mostly women (339; 86.9%) who had a bachelor's degree (283; 72.6%). The mean knowledge score was 11.54 ± 2.91, and the mean attitude score was 42.96 ± 4.06. The most commonly cited barriers to PU prevention were insufficient staff levels (85.6%) and pressure redistribution materials and equipment (82.6%). Regression analysis of attitude scores showed the following variables affected nurses' attitude toward PU prevention: self-sufficiency in PU risk assessment (β = 0.28), willingness to learn more about preventing PU (β = -0.15), gender (β = -0.15), and knowledge score (β = 0.14). CONCLUSION ICU nurses were found to have a low levels of knowledge but positive attitudes toward PU prevention. Policies and procedures should be developed to increase ICU nurse knowledge levels and remove barriers to optimal PU prevention practices.

Journal of Tissue Viability, 2021

AIM This study was conducted to determine the impact of tailored training provided to nurses for ... more AIM This study was conducted to determine the impact of tailored training provided to nurses for preventing pressure injuries (PIs) on nurses' knowledge levels and the PI point prevalence (PP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This interventional study was carried out in a university hospital with a bed capacity of 1114 in an urban center in Turkey. Ethics committee approval (28.06.2018/31) and institutional permission were obtained for the study, in addition to the nurses' written, informed consent. The study was completed in three stages. In the first stage an initial PP study was conducted in the clinics with the participation of the nurses and the members of the research team (n = 422 patients). In the second stage the knowledge levels of 194 nurses were measured before training was given on following-up and preventing PIs. The nurses then participated in the tailored training and their knowledge levels were re-measured afterwards. All the nurses were given individual advice related to the prevention of PIs for 30 days after they had completed the training. In the third stage a second PP study was conducted four months after the first PP study (n = 454 patients). The data were collected using the Pressure Injury Prevalence Form, the Braden Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Tool and the Knowledge Level Measurement Form. Descriptive values, the paired samples t-test, Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's Exact test were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS The nurses' pretest mean knowledge score was 55.36% ± 14.40 and their posttest mean score was 69.92% ± 9.73. The difference between these scores was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The study found no significant difference between the first PP ratio and the second PP ratio (p > 0.05), and the nurses were better able to evaluate skin and PIs after the training. CONCLUSION The study determined that the tailored training given to the nurses increased their knowledge; however, it had no impact on the PP after four months. It is recommended that any training programs using this model be continued and that PP studies of institutions be conducted annually.

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History, 2022

ÖZET Bu araştırma, lisans eğitimi sürecinde eğitim ve danışmanlığın, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin me... more ÖZET Bu araştırma, lisans eğitimi sürecinde eğitim ve danışmanlığın, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki değerleri ile bakım verici rollerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Boylamsal müdahale çalışması olarak yürütülen araştırma, 50 hemşirelik bölümü öğrencisi ile 2015-2020 yılları arasında tamamlanmıştır. Öğrenciler deney (n=26) ve kontrol (n=24) gruplarına rastgele dağıtılmış, deney grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin her eğitim-öğretim yılında mesleki değerleri ve bakım verici rollerini geliştirecek etkinliklere katılımı sağlanmıştır. Kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilere ise herhangi bir müdahale yapılmamıştır. Araştırmada veriler, öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri, Hemşirelerin Bakım Verici Rollerine İlişkin Tutumları Ölçeği ve Revize Edilen Hemşirelerin Mesleki Değerleri Ölçeğini içeren veri toplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Mann-Whitney U test, varyans analizi, ki-kare ve Fisher kesin ki-kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutum ve revize edilen mesleki değerleri ölçek toplam puan ortalamalarının dört yılda istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı derecede arttığı görüldü (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutum ölçek puan ortalamalarında deney ve kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark görülmedi (p>0,05). Öğrencilerin mesleki değerleri ölçek puan ortalamalarında deney ve kontrol grubu arasında yalnızca ikinci sınıfta anlamlı farklılık olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının ve mesleki değerleri algılama düzeylerinin dört yıllık lisans eğitimi sürecinde artış gösterdiği belirlendi. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Bakım verici rol; hemşirelik öğrencisi; mesleki değer ABS TRACT This study was conducted to determine the effects of education and counseling on the professional values and caregiver roles of nursing students during the undergraduate education process. The research was completed as a longitudinal intervention study with 50 first-year nursing students between the years 2015-2020. The students were randomly divided to the experimental (n=26) and control (n=24) groups, and the students in the experimental group were allowed to participate in activities that would develop their professional values and caregiver roles in each academic year. No intervention was applied to the students in the control group. In the study, data were collected with a data collection form that included the demographic characteristics of the students, the Attitude Scale for Nurses in Caregiving Roles and the Reliability and Validity of Turkish Version of the Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised. Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance, chi-square and Fisher exact chi-square tests were used for data analysis. It was observed that the mean scores of the students in the experimental and control groups regarding their caregiver roles and revised professional values increased statistically significantly in four years (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the students' attitude scale mean scores regarding their caregiver roles (p>0.05). It was observed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the mean scores of the students' professional values only in the second grade (p<0.05). It was determined that nursing students' attitudes towards their caregiver roles and their level of perception of professional values increased during the four-year undergraduate education period.

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

Turkish Journal of Bioethics

Bu bağlamda klinik ortam, teorik bilgilerin uygulamaya katıldığı, duyuşsal alana yönelik becerile... more Bu bağlamda klinik ortam, teorik bilgilerin uygulamaya katıldığı, duyuşsal alana yönelik becerilerin daha geliştiği eğitim ortamıdır. Hemşirelik öğrencileri, yetkin bir hemşire kimliği kazanmak için bu ortamı optimum düzeyde kullanmak durumundadır. Ancak hastaneler, birçok sağlık profesyoneli, hasta, hasta yakınları, diğer yardımcı personelin bulunduğu, dış dünyadan farklı ortamlardır. Hastaneler, hastaların tedavi ve bakım gereksinimlerini karşılarken, sağlık profesyoneli adayı olan öğrencilerin eğitim beklentilerine de cevap vermek durumundadırlar. Hastaneler, hastalar kadar öğrenciler için de yabancı bir ortamdır. Öğrencinin, bu ortama uyum sağlaması, hastaların haklarını ihlal etmeden klinik beceri kazanması gerekmektedir. Ancak klinik eğitim sürecinde öğrenciye yönelik etik ihlaller olabilmektedir. Bu metinde öğrenci hemşirelerin yaşadığı etik problemler ele alınacaktır.