siti sarah Omar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by siti sarah Omar

Research paper thumbnail of Human Resource Management Practices and Innovation

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012

We survey, organize, and discuss the literature on the role of organizational practices for expla... more We survey, organize, and discuss the literature on the role of organizational practices for explaining innovation outcomes. We discuss how individual practices influence innovation, and how the clustering of specific practices matters for innovation outcomes. Relatedly, we discuss various possible mediators of the HRM/innovation link, such as knowledge sharing, social capital and network effects. We argue that the causal mechanisms underlying the HRM/innovation links are still ill-understood, calling for further research.

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Characteristics Among Small And Medium Enterprises In (Johor) Malaysia

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019

Innovation is seen as a means that aids in promoting opportunities for new businesses to grow in ... more Innovation is seen as a means that aids in promoting opportunities for new businesses to grow in the market. It has been proven to have a significant increase in SMEs as well as an expansion of business due to an implementation of innovation. Hence, SMEs are in competition among themselves in Malaysia even throughout the world, to improve their strategic innovation in order for them to boost productivity as well as sustain their competitive advantage. Thus, the objectives of this research are:(1) To identify the external business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (2) To identify the internal business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (3) To investigate the current level of innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. (4) To identify the relationship between external and internal factors with innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. Data was collected from 152 respondents of SMEs from all sectors in Johor. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze ...

Research paper thumbnail of Deviant Behaviour and the Challenge Behind the Past and Present Life

The eruption of rising crime rates through statistics in Malaysia has begun to threaten peace and... more The eruption of rising crime rates through statistics in Malaysia has begun to threaten peace and create resentment among the people. The people's fears are in line with a growing number of criminal cases. From street crime to serious crime, Malaysians expect practical initiatives to help solve this problem. This conceptual paper will discuss background, theoretical, past research, discussion of deviant behaviour tendencies, issues and challenges. In this discussion, too, the focus is on the individual's tendency to get caught up in deviant behaviour and thus lead to criminal behaviour. These tendencies will be examined in terms of affective, cognitive and behavioural aspects of individuals. This study combines several theories on the perpetrator's tendency to commit crimes that begin with deviant behaviour. Small-scale deviant behaviour should not be overlooked as it can often contribute to large-scale criminal activities. The most important part of this discussion is t...

Research paper thumbnail of Leadership in human governance based on a holistic and dynamic spirituality model

This paper is a concept paper which is focused on the discussion about the human governance at th... more This paper is a concept paper which is focused on the discussion about the human governance at the workplace from the perspectives of the spirituality model. This discussion encompasses the conceptual of human governance and spirituality model; application needs; challenges and hopes. In line with the demands of human capital development, supposed the physical development and materially advanced with that momentum growing over the years in tandem with human development. We not only want the country to have first-class facilities, but most important are the first class of mentality, spiritual and behaviour which is oriented of human capital. There is the human capital in terms of spirituality to produce the quality work and have a strong human governance. Leaders in the workplace should have a high level of spirituality elements to form a positive culture among employees and create practices that are consistent so that it can become a habit that is conducive to all parties in the wor...

Research paper thumbnail of The entrepreneurial intention of university students: An environmental perspective

European Research on Management and Business Economics

Research paper thumbnail of Smart Educational System to enhancing Students Performance through Teachers Efficiency in the United Arab Emirate

International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications, 2020

This research examines a conceptual framework of the smart educational system for improving instr... more This research examines a conceptual framework of the smart educational system for improving instructors’ efficiency and student outcomes in the UAE. The study mainly focused on the precarious framework of smart learning and key features of smart learning settings through earlier studies. There was a sample of 326 learners who were examined on the academic impact of the Smart Education System. Nevertheless, the results demonstrated that the use of the smart education system has a positive effect on teachers’ efficiency and educational outcomes. The political implications of this research are that it is anticipated that smart education will steadily improve, particularly in the UAE context.

Research paper thumbnail of Networking Strategies of Chinese Entrepreneurs: Multiple-Cases of Manufacturing Firms in Johor Malaysia

Research paper thumbnail of Korean popular culture: an exploratory examination among Malaysian adolescents

In the early 2010s, there has been an increasing interest in the varieties of products and images... more In the early 2010s, there has been an increasing interest in the varieties of products and images of South Korean popular culture around the world, a development led by popular music. The Korean popular culture has influenced youth consumption patterns. Today, information has a great influence on the values and lifestyle of society and also gives consumers a lot more options. Teenagers especially are very fond of American popular music, film and fashion because those are what they often see through broadcasting and entertainment. This opportunity has been used by South Korea to commercialize their culture as a commodity package through Hallyu. There is a need to look to Korea popular culture in every dimension because popular culture has a unique set of dimension. This study identifies the critical dimensions of Korean popular culture among adolescents living in the Klang valley. A study was conducted by an exploratory examination among Malaysian adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of Supplier selection antecedents in furniture manufacturing industry using analytic hierarchy process

Selecting the right supplier are critical to help reduces purchasing costs, improves competitiven... more Selecting the right supplier are critical to help reduces purchasing costs, improves competitiveness in market and enhances end user satisfaction. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the ideal criteria of supplier for furniture manufacturing industry using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. This quantitative study method is carried out by distributing questionnaires to 49 respondents in SMEs furniture manufacturing industries and the data analyzed using Expert Choice Software to rank the supplier selection criteria. The result shows that the ideal criteria for supplier selection are ranked by quality, delivery, service and cost. Other SMEs furniture manufacturing possibly referred this outcome when sort out a decision making for ideal supplier selection

Research paper thumbnail of Elevating business performance through the use of AIS: the case of Tradepack Industrial Marketing Sdn. Bhd

It is not an easy task to capture the performance of businesses without an organized deliberate e... more It is not an easy task to capture the performance of businesses without an organized deliberate effort to record and account for the various activities of the business organizations regardless of the sizes and types of business, most particularly the profit-oriented concerns (Ologhodo, et al. 2020). Therefore the use of Accounting Information System (AIS) is inevitable to organizations as to keep up with the change of technology with regard to the accounting related matters. The purpose of the AIS has evolved from the simple use of formal and financial information to incorporate various kinds of information (Chenhall, 2003)

Research paper thumbnail of The Quality of Life among Employees in Accounting Firm

Elementary Education Online, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Personal Financial Management Among Oil Palm Independent Smallholders in Batu Pahat

Research in Management of Technology and Business, Dec 3, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Work from Home Challenges Faced by Private Sector Employees During Pandemic COVID-19: A Case of ‘A’ Property Company in Johor

Research in Management of Technology and Business, Nov 15, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualising the Influence of Total Quality Management and Organizational Performance in Klang Valley Service Industry

Advanced Science Letters, 2018

Studies on Total Quality Management (TQM) practices in service industry are scarce. This conceptu... more Studies on Total Quality Management (TQM) practices in service industry are scarce. This conceptual study sought to investigate the TQM best practices dimensions that could be applied by the service industry. The research in TQM in Malaysia have been explored quite extensively focusing particularly on manufacturing industry but not in other industry including service industry. The preliminary result indicated that seven dimensions of TQM could be applied for TQM best practice. The discussion and arguments in this conceptual study would be used further in the actual study to address the lacuna in research on TQM and provide insights for organizations to use TQM best practices in the service industry today. The main aim of this study is to determine the best practice dimensions of TQM in Malaysia’s service industry, taking into consideration the dimensions proposed by previous research (i.e.: leadership, supplier management, strategic planning, human resource management, customer focus, information and analysis and process management). This study will further identify how TQM could influence service industry organizational performance in Malaysia to fill the gap in TQM and service industry.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of statistical reasoning learning environment in developing secondary student's statistical reasoning

Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Researcher's perspectives on halal supply chain management: definition and methodology

Advanced Science Letters, 2018

The Halal Industry is still in the stage of development and empowerment practices. The efforts to... more The Halal Industry is still in the stage of development and empowerment practices. The efforts to conduct the way forward in compliance with Islamic perspective (Shariah Laws) and desirable and necessary along the world. One of the problems facing the global halal industry is the lack of recognition halal certified products are viewed by Muslims as a mark of quality by the different halal certification bodies. With the diverse increasing demand towards halal food throughout the world but the integration of halal practices into supply chain processes in the under lacking coverage. The objective of this paper is to give a basic information in the definition of halal from the Shariah perspective and the researcher’s methodology used in their past research. The references from this desktop working research are allocate from the past research on halal supply chain management. By having the clear definition and methodology, the paper will conclude the easy way for others researcher to get...

Research paper thumbnail of Words of mouth (WOM) and its impacts on consumer behavior: brand equity perspective

In today’s marketplace, successful brands must develop and maintain distinctive image in order to... more In today’s marketplace, successful brands must develop and maintain distinctive image in order to sustain their competitive advantage. Strong brand equity is achieved when consumer recognize the brands and have favorable brands identification and brand loyalty (Sertac Cifci et al., 2016). Customer attitude and behavior intention are formed and influenced by considerable role of Words of Mouth (WOM) communication (Silke Bambauer-Sachse and Sabrina Mangold, 2011). Nowadays, WOM communication has becoming more influential than communication through other sources like editorial recommendation in magazine and advertisement in mass media like television and radio because it is perceived to provide comparative reliable information (Silke Bambauer-Sachse and Sabrina Mangold, 2011). WOM is defined as the passing of information from person to person by the oral communication which could be as simple as telling someone a simple quote (Nur A’mirah Hassan Basri et al., 2016). This communication ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Management of Palm Oil Mill Residue towards Biogas Feeding for Fuel Cell Application

Solid State Technology, 2020

This paper assessed the potential of fuel cell for electricity generation by using biogas from pa... more This paper assessed the potential of fuel cell for electricity generation by using biogas from palm oil residue. Thisresearch aimed to identify the varieties and waste management of palm oil waste. The present paper also proposedto identify the potential of biogas as fuel for electricity generation purposes. Quantitative and qualitative approacheswere employed in this research by conducting a telephone survey with selected Malaysian palm oil mills, andobtaining information from secondary data. The result indicated that empty fruit brunch had the largest amount outof all palm oil waste; nevertheless, palm oil mills are still using palm oil mill effluent to produce biogas.Furthermore, most palm oil mill owners still are not aware that biogas can be used to power fuel cell for electricitygeneration. Therefore, it is recommended for biogas to be classified as a new type of renewable energy resource andthe Malaysian government can implement a new energy policy to encourage the consumptio...

Research paper thumbnail of Malaysian Consumers’ Attitudes Towards Online Travel Websites

Solid State Technology, 2020

This study was conducted to examine the influences of perceived usability, perceived risk and per... more This study was conducted to examine the influences of perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on Malaysian consumers’ attitudes towards online travel websites in Klang Valley. A total of 384 users have been involved as respondents. The survey has been set up by the previous study of all the variables of perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on attitudes towards online travel websites. Quantitative methods used in this study were descriptive and inferential tests from the data collected from questionnaires. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0. The analysis used was Exploratory Factors Analysis (EFA), Reliability and Multiple Linear Regression. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on consumer’ attitudes towards online travel websites. Its engaging cotemporary consumer attitude trend while purc...

Research paper thumbnail of Network Ties’ Governance in Entrepreneurial Networking of SMEs: Cases of the Owner-managers in the Southern Region of Malaysia

Asian Academy of Management Journal, 2020

There were inconsistent findings on the network ties’ governance on the strength of relationship ... more There were inconsistent findings on the network ties’ governance on the strength of relationship thus supporting the need to empirically prove the variations associated with the elements of entrepreneurial networking. This study aims to explore how the ownermanagers decide the network governance of network ties strength in their relationships in entrepreneurial networking. Specifically, the objective of the study is to determine the governance of network tie strength in entrepreneurial networking. This is a qualitative study involving eight cases of small-sized food manufacturing firms in the southern region of Malaysia using an in-depth interview technique with the owner-managers. The triangulation of data has been carried out by interviewing individuals who are seen as strong and weak ties of the network. This study found that the strength of ties was not only based on the strong intimacy and high emotional attachment (SIHEA) and trust, but also governed by the tie’s human capital...

Research paper thumbnail of Human Resource Management Practices and Innovation

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012

We survey, organize, and discuss the literature on the role of organizational practices for expla... more We survey, organize, and discuss the literature on the role of organizational practices for explaining innovation outcomes. We discuss how individual practices influence innovation, and how the clustering of specific practices matters for innovation outcomes. Relatedly, we discuss various possible mediators of the HRM/innovation link, such as knowledge sharing, social capital and network effects. We argue that the causal mechanisms underlying the HRM/innovation links are still ill-understood, calling for further research.

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Characteristics Among Small And Medium Enterprises In (Johor) Malaysia

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019

Innovation is seen as a means that aids in promoting opportunities for new businesses to grow in ... more Innovation is seen as a means that aids in promoting opportunities for new businesses to grow in the market. It has been proven to have a significant increase in SMEs as well as an expansion of business due to an implementation of innovation. Hence, SMEs are in competition among themselves in Malaysia even throughout the world, to improve their strategic innovation in order for them to boost productivity as well as sustain their competitive advantage. Thus, the objectives of this research are:(1) To identify the external business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (2) To identify the internal business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (3) To investigate the current level of innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. (4) To identify the relationship between external and internal factors with innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. Data was collected from 152 respondents of SMEs from all sectors in Johor. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze ...

Research paper thumbnail of Deviant Behaviour and the Challenge Behind the Past and Present Life

The eruption of rising crime rates through statistics in Malaysia has begun to threaten peace and... more The eruption of rising crime rates through statistics in Malaysia has begun to threaten peace and create resentment among the people. The people's fears are in line with a growing number of criminal cases. From street crime to serious crime, Malaysians expect practical initiatives to help solve this problem. This conceptual paper will discuss background, theoretical, past research, discussion of deviant behaviour tendencies, issues and challenges. In this discussion, too, the focus is on the individual's tendency to get caught up in deviant behaviour and thus lead to criminal behaviour. These tendencies will be examined in terms of affective, cognitive and behavioural aspects of individuals. This study combines several theories on the perpetrator's tendency to commit crimes that begin with deviant behaviour. Small-scale deviant behaviour should not be overlooked as it can often contribute to large-scale criminal activities. The most important part of this discussion is t...

Research paper thumbnail of Leadership in human governance based on a holistic and dynamic spirituality model

This paper is a concept paper which is focused on the discussion about the human governance at th... more This paper is a concept paper which is focused on the discussion about the human governance at the workplace from the perspectives of the spirituality model. This discussion encompasses the conceptual of human governance and spirituality model; application needs; challenges and hopes. In line with the demands of human capital development, supposed the physical development and materially advanced with that momentum growing over the years in tandem with human development. We not only want the country to have first-class facilities, but most important are the first class of mentality, spiritual and behaviour which is oriented of human capital. There is the human capital in terms of spirituality to produce the quality work and have a strong human governance. Leaders in the workplace should have a high level of spirituality elements to form a positive culture among employees and create practices that are consistent so that it can become a habit that is conducive to all parties in the wor...

Research paper thumbnail of The entrepreneurial intention of university students: An environmental perspective

European Research on Management and Business Economics

Research paper thumbnail of Smart Educational System to enhancing Students Performance through Teachers Efficiency in the United Arab Emirate

International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications, 2020

This research examines a conceptual framework of the smart educational system for improving instr... more This research examines a conceptual framework of the smart educational system for improving instructors’ efficiency and student outcomes in the UAE. The study mainly focused on the precarious framework of smart learning and key features of smart learning settings through earlier studies. There was a sample of 326 learners who were examined on the academic impact of the Smart Education System. Nevertheless, the results demonstrated that the use of the smart education system has a positive effect on teachers’ efficiency and educational outcomes. The political implications of this research are that it is anticipated that smart education will steadily improve, particularly in the UAE context.

Research paper thumbnail of Networking Strategies of Chinese Entrepreneurs: Multiple-Cases of Manufacturing Firms in Johor Malaysia

Research paper thumbnail of Korean popular culture: an exploratory examination among Malaysian adolescents

In the early 2010s, there has been an increasing interest in the varieties of products and images... more In the early 2010s, there has been an increasing interest in the varieties of products and images of South Korean popular culture around the world, a development led by popular music. The Korean popular culture has influenced youth consumption patterns. Today, information has a great influence on the values and lifestyle of society and also gives consumers a lot more options. Teenagers especially are very fond of American popular music, film and fashion because those are what they often see through broadcasting and entertainment. This opportunity has been used by South Korea to commercialize their culture as a commodity package through Hallyu. There is a need to look to Korea popular culture in every dimension because popular culture has a unique set of dimension. This study identifies the critical dimensions of Korean popular culture among adolescents living in the Klang valley. A study was conducted by an exploratory examination among Malaysian adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of Supplier selection antecedents in furniture manufacturing industry using analytic hierarchy process

Selecting the right supplier are critical to help reduces purchasing costs, improves competitiven... more Selecting the right supplier are critical to help reduces purchasing costs, improves competitiveness in market and enhances end user satisfaction. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the ideal criteria of supplier for furniture manufacturing industry using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. This quantitative study method is carried out by distributing questionnaires to 49 respondents in SMEs furniture manufacturing industries and the data analyzed using Expert Choice Software to rank the supplier selection criteria. The result shows that the ideal criteria for supplier selection are ranked by quality, delivery, service and cost. Other SMEs furniture manufacturing possibly referred this outcome when sort out a decision making for ideal supplier selection

Research paper thumbnail of Elevating business performance through the use of AIS: the case of Tradepack Industrial Marketing Sdn. Bhd

It is not an easy task to capture the performance of businesses without an organized deliberate e... more It is not an easy task to capture the performance of businesses without an organized deliberate effort to record and account for the various activities of the business organizations regardless of the sizes and types of business, most particularly the profit-oriented concerns (Ologhodo, et al. 2020). Therefore the use of Accounting Information System (AIS) is inevitable to organizations as to keep up with the change of technology with regard to the accounting related matters. The purpose of the AIS has evolved from the simple use of formal and financial information to incorporate various kinds of information (Chenhall, 2003)

Research paper thumbnail of The Quality of Life among Employees in Accounting Firm

Elementary Education Online, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Personal Financial Management Among Oil Palm Independent Smallholders in Batu Pahat

Research in Management of Technology and Business, Dec 3, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Work from Home Challenges Faced by Private Sector Employees During Pandemic COVID-19: A Case of ‘A’ Property Company in Johor

Research in Management of Technology and Business, Nov 15, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualising the Influence of Total Quality Management and Organizational Performance in Klang Valley Service Industry

Advanced Science Letters, 2018

Studies on Total Quality Management (TQM) practices in service industry are scarce. This conceptu... more Studies on Total Quality Management (TQM) practices in service industry are scarce. This conceptual study sought to investigate the TQM best practices dimensions that could be applied by the service industry. The research in TQM in Malaysia have been explored quite extensively focusing particularly on manufacturing industry but not in other industry including service industry. The preliminary result indicated that seven dimensions of TQM could be applied for TQM best practice. The discussion and arguments in this conceptual study would be used further in the actual study to address the lacuna in research on TQM and provide insights for organizations to use TQM best practices in the service industry today. The main aim of this study is to determine the best practice dimensions of TQM in Malaysia’s service industry, taking into consideration the dimensions proposed by previous research (i.e.: leadership, supplier management, strategic planning, human resource management, customer focus, information and analysis and process management). This study will further identify how TQM could influence service industry organizational performance in Malaysia to fill the gap in TQM and service industry.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of statistical reasoning learning environment in developing secondary student's statistical reasoning

Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Researcher's perspectives on halal supply chain management: definition and methodology

Advanced Science Letters, 2018

The Halal Industry is still in the stage of development and empowerment practices. The efforts to... more The Halal Industry is still in the stage of development and empowerment practices. The efforts to conduct the way forward in compliance with Islamic perspective (Shariah Laws) and desirable and necessary along the world. One of the problems facing the global halal industry is the lack of recognition halal certified products are viewed by Muslims as a mark of quality by the different halal certification bodies. With the diverse increasing demand towards halal food throughout the world but the integration of halal practices into supply chain processes in the under lacking coverage. The objective of this paper is to give a basic information in the definition of halal from the Shariah perspective and the researcher’s methodology used in their past research. The references from this desktop working research are allocate from the past research on halal supply chain management. By having the clear definition and methodology, the paper will conclude the easy way for others researcher to get...

Research paper thumbnail of Words of mouth (WOM) and its impacts on consumer behavior: brand equity perspective

In today’s marketplace, successful brands must develop and maintain distinctive image in order to... more In today’s marketplace, successful brands must develop and maintain distinctive image in order to sustain their competitive advantage. Strong brand equity is achieved when consumer recognize the brands and have favorable brands identification and brand loyalty (Sertac Cifci et al., 2016). Customer attitude and behavior intention are formed and influenced by considerable role of Words of Mouth (WOM) communication (Silke Bambauer-Sachse and Sabrina Mangold, 2011). Nowadays, WOM communication has becoming more influential than communication through other sources like editorial recommendation in magazine and advertisement in mass media like television and radio because it is perceived to provide comparative reliable information (Silke Bambauer-Sachse and Sabrina Mangold, 2011). WOM is defined as the passing of information from person to person by the oral communication which could be as simple as telling someone a simple quote (Nur A’mirah Hassan Basri et al., 2016). This communication ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Management of Palm Oil Mill Residue towards Biogas Feeding for Fuel Cell Application

Solid State Technology, 2020

This paper assessed the potential of fuel cell for electricity generation by using biogas from pa... more This paper assessed the potential of fuel cell for electricity generation by using biogas from palm oil residue. Thisresearch aimed to identify the varieties and waste management of palm oil waste. The present paper also proposedto identify the potential of biogas as fuel for electricity generation purposes. Quantitative and qualitative approacheswere employed in this research by conducting a telephone survey with selected Malaysian palm oil mills, andobtaining information from secondary data. The result indicated that empty fruit brunch had the largest amount outof all palm oil waste; nevertheless, palm oil mills are still using palm oil mill effluent to produce biogas.Furthermore, most palm oil mill owners still are not aware that biogas can be used to power fuel cell for electricitygeneration. Therefore, it is recommended for biogas to be classified as a new type of renewable energy resource andthe Malaysian government can implement a new energy policy to encourage the consumptio...

Research paper thumbnail of Malaysian Consumers’ Attitudes Towards Online Travel Websites

Solid State Technology, 2020

This study was conducted to examine the influences of perceived usability, perceived risk and per... more This study was conducted to examine the influences of perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on Malaysian consumers’ attitudes towards online travel websites in Klang Valley. A total of 384 users have been involved as respondents. The survey has been set up by the previous study of all the variables of perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on attitudes towards online travel websites. Quantitative methods used in this study were descriptive and inferential tests from the data collected from questionnaires. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0. The analysis used was Exploratory Factors Analysis (EFA), Reliability and Multiple Linear Regression. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived usability, perceived risk and perceived usefulness on consumer’ attitudes towards online travel websites. Its engaging cotemporary consumer attitude trend while purc...

Research paper thumbnail of Network Ties’ Governance in Entrepreneurial Networking of SMEs: Cases of the Owner-managers in the Southern Region of Malaysia

Asian Academy of Management Journal, 2020

There were inconsistent findings on the network ties’ governance on the strength of relationship ... more There were inconsistent findings on the network ties’ governance on the strength of relationship thus supporting the need to empirically prove the variations associated with the elements of entrepreneurial networking. This study aims to explore how the ownermanagers decide the network governance of network ties strength in their relationships in entrepreneurial networking. Specifically, the objective of the study is to determine the governance of network tie strength in entrepreneurial networking. This is a qualitative study involving eight cases of small-sized food manufacturing firms in the southern region of Malaysia using an in-depth interview technique with the owner-managers. The triangulation of data has been carried out by interviewing individuals who are seen as strong and weak ties of the network. This study found that the strength of ties was not only based on the strong intimacy and high emotional attachment (SIHEA) and trust, but also governed by the tie’s human capital...