sofia sebadelhe - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
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Palavras-chave: biodiesel; azeite lampante; óleo de bagaço de azeitona bruto; transesterificação;... more Palavras-chave: biodiesel; azeite lampante; óleo de bagaço de azeitona bruto; transesterificação; esterificação ácida. iii ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTION OF THE OLIVE OIL SECTOR FOR THE BIODIESEL PRODUCTION The olive oil sector, with a strong tradition in Portugal, can be a source of raw materials for biodiesel production. The olives infected by plages and diseases, will generate lampante virgin olive oil without food quality and the crude olive pomace oil extracted from the pomace is not appropriate for food consumption. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the biodiesel production from lampante virgin olive oil and crude olive pomace oil with acid values much higher than 1 %. In this study, two different processes for biodiesel production were tested and compared with these raw materials. One, by using the traditional alkaline catalyzed transesterification process, the other by a two step process using acid catalyzed esterification followed by alkaline catalyzed transesterification. The acid catalyzed esterification process was optimized by application the response surface methodology. The highest yields of fatty acid methyl esters were obtained by the two step process. The properties of the biodiesel obtained from both raw materials were determined and most of the parameters were in accordance to the specifications of biodiesel standard. Only the oxidative stability did not reach the minimum value established in these specifications.
Palavras-chave: biodiesel; azeite lampante; óleo de bagaço de azeitona bruto; transesterificação;... more Palavras-chave: biodiesel; azeite lampante; óleo de bagaço de azeitona bruto; transesterificação; esterificação ácida. iii ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTION OF THE OLIVE OIL SECTOR FOR THE BIODIESEL PRODUCTION The olive oil sector, with a strong tradition in Portugal, can be a source of raw materials for biodiesel production. The olives infected by plages and diseases, will generate lampante virgin olive oil without food quality and the crude olive pomace oil extracted from the pomace is not appropriate for food consumption. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the biodiesel production from lampante virgin olive oil and crude olive pomace oil with acid values much higher than 1 %. In this study, two different processes for biodiesel production were tested and compared with these raw materials. One, by using the traditional alkaline catalyzed transesterification process, the other by a two step process using acid catalyzed esterification followed by alkaline catalyzed transesterification. The acid catalyzed esterification process was optimized by application the response surface methodology. The highest yields of fatty acid methyl esters were obtained by the two step process. The properties of the biodiesel obtained from both raw materials were determined and most of the parameters were in accordance to the specifications of biodiesel standard. Only the oxidative stability did not reach the minimum value established in these specifications.