sonia sangwan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sonia sangwan

IntechOpen eBooks, Dec 21, 2022

Food contains several components that are essential for health. Dietary fibres are nondigestible ... more Food contains several components that are essential for health. Dietary fibres are nondigestible foods that play an important role in the maintenance of health. Nondigestible carbohydrates are an important constituent of the diet. Intestinal immunity is the bedrock of host health and holistic health maintained by nutrition and the existence of the host supported by immunity. The gastrointestinal immune barrier is exposed to the environment or food, and immunity is maintained by several factors. Dietary fibres exert molecular effects through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gut microbiota. Dietary fibres and microbial communities secrete metabolites that have the potential to regulate intestinal immunity. The gastrointestinal immune barrier is a primary target for dietary fibre metabolites, and these molecules exert a signalling effect on immune cells in the intestine. In the proposed chapter, we will discuss the molecular impact of dietary fibers on intestinal immunity and how innate immune response and gut microbiota are regulated by metabolites.

International Journal of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2021

Role of Nanotechnology in tumor management by affecting its physiology Vascular endothelial pores... more Role of Nanotechnology in tumor management by affecting its physiology Vascular endothelial pores, heterogeneous blood supply, and heterogeneous architecture are physiological obstacles in cancer treatment. Drug delivery to cancer tissue is an excellent task. In the past, anticancer drugs used to affect cancer cells and normal cells of the body and thus had signifi cant side effects. Nanoparticles have multifunctional character and useful in targeted drug delivery in cancer tissue, and normal

International Journal of Dairy Technology, Jan 24, 2023

To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanopa... more To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles (P‐AuNPs) were synthesised. Papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles aggregated when mercury ions were introduced, causing their absorption peak to shift from 525 to 575 nm. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy determined that aggregated P‐AuNPs average sizes were 26.60 nm and 15.17–18.23 nm, respectively, with monodispersed. The detection limit of P‐AuNPs for mercury in milk samples was 1.0 ppm with high recovery. This sensor showed relatively high selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions in milk. This method shows utility in developing countries for monitoring the concentration of Hg2+ in water, milk and food items for safety purposes.

Journal of Cluster Science, Feb 9, 2021

Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citra... more Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citrate reduction method. The physical properties and their stability were studied in the various buffer systems at different pH and time intervals. Monodisperse AuNPs were used to assess their stability and aggregation in 0.1 M of buffers. We analyzed the stability of the colloidal gold nanoparticles in borate, phosphate, Tris–citrate and Tris–HCl buffers with variable pH and time-dependent manner. For understanding the stability and aggregation of AuNPs in different buffers, AuNPs and buffer mixture was incubated at 4 °C for different time-periods. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectra and colorimetric changes were recorded at time interval. Absorbance spectra revealed that different ratios of AuNPs in borate buffer were stable at pH 7.5 to 9.3. Wine red colour with maximum absorbance at 520 nm was obtained due to lack of the aggregation. The phosphate buffer was not suitable for monodisperse gold nanoparticles and got aggregated. In Tris–citrate buffer, the absorbance A 520 (* P < 0. 05 and *** P < 0. 001) and correlation coefficient changed with incubation time and λ max shifts to longer wavelengths at pH 8.5. Tris–HCl buffer revealed significant changes A 520 with incubation period and did not correlate with time. There were changes in A 520 with incubation time and λ max shifts towards longer wavelength at pH 4.0 while AuNPs was stable at pH 10.5. The phosphate buffer, Tris–citrate buffer and Tris–HCl buffer made complexes and got aggregated colorimetric response was shifted wine red color to blue –black color. Graphical Abstract

Research Journal of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Jun 15, 2020

Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nu... more Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nutrition. Nutrition is important for good health as well as for protection from various diseases. In recent era, functional food has attained a significant position in maintenance of human health. Phytochemicals and zoo chemicals are physiologically active components in foods. Both composition as well as amount to be consumed, are important regarding functional food? Presently, consumers are health conscious and getting total awareness regarding composition of functional food. In this brief review, scientific relevance and recommended eating of functional food of plant origin, has been reviewed.

Annual research & review in biology, May 1, 2021

Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composit... more Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. But protein rich foods are very expensive and are scarcely available in developing country and protein deficiency is one of the major public health concerns. In this situation, searching for additional sources of dietary protein is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of global growing population. Current review of literature is about a cheapest, easily available unused protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey protein is often separated from the casein in milk or formed as a by-product of cheese making. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades but it proved a cheapest source of protein for poor growing population in developing countries. Whey protein is taken into account an entire protein because it contains all 9 essential amino acids. It is low in lactose content. Conclusion: Human body cannot make essential amino acids, so it's important to get enough of them from diet. Due to availability of carbohydrates, fat, immunoglobulin, lactose and minerals including essential amino acids in whey protein, it is an important source of energy provided by domesticated animals. There are many benefits related to the consumption of whey protein such as muscle building and loss of fat. Researchers are constantly finding new possible therapeutic properties.

International Journal of Dairy Technology

To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanopa... more To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles (P‐AuNPs) were synthesised. Papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles aggregated when mercury ions were introduced, causing their absorption peak to shift from 525 to 575 nm. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy determined that aggregated P‐AuNPs average sizes were 26.60 nm and 15.17–18.23 nm, respectively, with monodispersed. The detection limit of P‐AuNPs for mercury in milk samples was 1.0 ppm with high recovery. This sensor showed relatively high selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions in milk. This method shows utility in developing countries for monitoring the concentration of Hg2+ in water, milk and food items for safety purposes.

Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 2021

Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composit... more Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. But protein rich foods are very expensive and are scarcely available in developing country and protein deficiency is one of the major public health concerns. In this situation, searching for additional sources of dietary protein is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of global growing population. Current review of literature is about a cheapest, easily available unused protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey protein is often separated from the casein in milk or formed as a by-product of cheese making. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades but it proved a cheapest source of protein for poor growing population in developing countries. Whey protein is taken into account an entire protein because it contains all 9 essential amino acids. It is low in lactose content. Conclusion: Human body cannot make essential amino acids, so it's important to get enough of them from diet. Due to availability of carbohydrates, fat, immunoglobulin, lactose and minerals including essential amino acids in whey protein, it is an important source of energy provided by domesticated animals. There are many benefits related to the consumption of whey protein such as muscle building and loss of fat. Researchers are constantly finding new possible therapeutic properties.

Journal of Cluster Science, 2021

Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citra... more Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citrate reduction method. The physical properties and their stability were studied in the various buffer systems at different pH and time intervals. Monodisperse AuNPs were used to assess their stability and aggregation in 0.1 M of buffers. We analyzed the stability of the colloidal gold nanoparticles in borate, phosphate, Tris–citrate and Tris–HCl buffers with variable pH and time-dependent manner. For understanding the stability and aggregation of AuNPs in different buffers, AuNPs and buffer mixture was incubated at 4 °C for different time-periods. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectra and colorimetric changes were recorded at time interval. Absorbance spectra revealed that different ratios of AuNPs in borate buffer were stable at pH 7.5 to 9.3. Wine red colour with maximum absorbance at 520 nm was obtained due to lack of the aggregation. The phosphate buffer was not suitable for monodisperse gold nanoparticles and got aggregated. In Tris–citrate buffer, the absorbance A 520 (* P < 0. 05 and *** P < 0. 001) and correlation coefficient changed with incubation time and λ max shifts to longer wavelengths at pH 8.5. Tris–HCl buffer revealed significant changes A 520 with incubation period and did not correlate with time. There were changes in A 520 with incubation time and λ max shifts towards longer wavelength at pH 4.0 while AuNPs was stable at pH 10.5. The phosphate buffer, Tris–citrate buffer and Tris–HCl buffer made complexes and got aggregated colorimetric response was shifted wine red color to blue –black color. Graphical Abstract

Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2021

Background: Protein is an essential portion of food that exerts beneficial effects on body compos... more Background: Protein is an essential portion of food that exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. However, protein-rich foods are costly and scarcely available in developing countries, and protein deficiency is a significant public health concern. In this situation, searching for additional dietary protein sources is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of the growing global population. The current literature review is about whey protein as it is the cheapest, readily available protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey is different from the casein in milk and is formed as a by-product of the cheese-making process. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades. However, it is the cheapest protein source for the poor growing populations in developing countries. Whey protein is a complete protein as it contains all nine essential amino acids. It is low in lact...

RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY SCIENCE, 2020

Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nu... more Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nutrition. Nutrition is important for good health as well as for protection from various diseases. In recent era, functional food has attained a significant position in maintenance of human health. Phytochemicals and zoo chemicals are physiologically active components in foods. Both composition as well as amount to be consumed, are important regarding functional food? Presently, consumers are health conscious and getting total awareness regarding composition of functional food. In this brief review, scientific relevance and recommended eating of functional food of plant origin, has been reviewed.

Dietary Fibers [Working Title]

Food is a basic requirement for human life and well-being. On the other hand, diet is necessary f... more Food is a basic requirement for human life and well-being. On the other hand, diet is necessary for growth, health and defense, as well as regulating and assisting the symbiotic gut microbial communities that inhabit in the digestive tract, referred to as the gut microbiota. Diet influences the composition of the gut microbiota. The quality and quantity of diet affects their metabolism which creates a link between diet. The microorganisms in response to the type and amount of dietary intake. Dietary fibers, which includes non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) are neither neither-digested nor absorbed and are subjected to bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract resulting in the formation of different metabolites called SCFAs. The SCFAs have been reported to effect metabolic activities at the molecularlevel. Acetate affects the metabolic pathway through the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and free fatty acid receptor2 (FFAR2/GPR43) while butyrate and propionate transactiv...

IntechOpen eBooks, Dec 21, 2022

Food contains several components that are essential for health. Dietary fibres are nondigestible ... more Food contains several components that are essential for health. Dietary fibres are nondigestible foods that play an important role in the maintenance of health. Nondigestible carbohydrates are an important constituent of the diet. Intestinal immunity is the bedrock of host health and holistic health maintained by nutrition and the existence of the host supported by immunity. The gastrointestinal immune barrier is exposed to the environment or food, and immunity is maintained by several factors. Dietary fibres exert molecular effects through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gut microbiota. Dietary fibres and microbial communities secrete metabolites that have the potential to regulate intestinal immunity. The gastrointestinal immune barrier is a primary target for dietary fibre metabolites, and these molecules exert a signalling effect on immune cells in the intestine. In the proposed chapter, we will discuss the molecular impact of dietary fibers on intestinal immunity and how innate immune response and gut microbiota are regulated by metabolites.

International Journal of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2021

Role of Nanotechnology in tumor management by affecting its physiology Vascular endothelial pores... more Role of Nanotechnology in tumor management by affecting its physiology Vascular endothelial pores, heterogeneous blood supply, and heterogeneous architecture are physiological obstacles in cancer treatment. Drug delivery to cancer tissue is an excellent task. In the past, anticancer drugs used to affect cancer cells and normal cells of the body and thus had signifi cant side effects. Nanoparticles have multifunctional character and useful in targeted drug delivery in cancer tissue, and normal

International Journal of Dairy Technology, Jan 24, 2023

To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanopa... more To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles (P‐AuNPs) were synthesised. Papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles aggregated when mercury ions were introduced, causing their absorption peak to shift from 525 to 575 nm. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy determined that aggregated P‐AuNPs average sizes were 26.60 nm and 15.17–18.23 nm, respectively, with monodispersed. The detection limit of P‐AuNPs for mercury in milk samples was 1.0 ppm with high recovery. This sensor showed relatively high selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions in milk. This method shows utility in developing countries for monitoring the concentration of Hg2+ in water, milk and food items for safety purposes.

Journal of Cluster Science, Feb 9, 2021

Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citra... more Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citrate reduction method. The physical properties and their stability were studied in the various buffer systems at different pH and time intervals. Monodisperse AuNPs were used to assess their stability and aggregation in 0.1 M of buffers. We analyzed the stability of the colloidal gold nanoparticles in borate, phosphate, Tris–citrate and Tris–HCl buffers with variable pH and time-dependent manner. For understanding the stability and aggregation of AuNPs in different buffers, AuNPs and buffer mixture was incubated at 4 °C for different time-periods. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectra and colorimetric changes were recorded at time interval. Absorbance spectra revealed that different ratios of AuNPs in borate buffer were stable at pH 7.5 to 9.3. Wine red colour with maximum absorbance at 520 nm was obtained due to lack of the aggregation. The phosphate buffer was not suitable for monodisperse gold nanoparticles and got aggregated. In Tris–citrate buffer, the absorbance A 520 (* P < 0. 05 and *** P < 0. 001) and correlation coefficient changed with incubation time and λ max shifts to longer wavelengths at pH 8.5. Tris–HCl buffer revealed significant changes A 520 with incubation period and did not correlate with time. There were changes in A 520 with incubation time and λ max shifts towards longer wavelength at pH 4.0 while AuNPs was stable at pH 10.5. The phosphate buffer, Tris–citrate buffer and Tris–HCl buffer made complexes and got aggregated colorimetric response was shifted wine red color to blue –black color. Graphical Abstract

Research Journal of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Jun 15, 2020

Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nu... more Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nutrition. Nutrition is important for good health as well as for protection from various diseases. In recent era, functional food has attained a significant position in maintenance of human health. Phytochemicals and zoo chemicals are physiologically active components in foods. Both composition as well as amount to be consumed, are important regarding functional food? Presently, consumers are health conscious and getting total awareness regarding composition of functional food. In this brief review, scientific relevance and recommended eating of functional food of plant origin, has been reviewed.

Annual research & review in biology, May 1, 2021

Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composit... more Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. But protein rich foods are very expensive and are scarcely available in developing country and protein deficiency is one of the major public health concerns. In this situation, searching for additional sources of dietary protein is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of global growing population. Current review of literature is about a cheapest, easily available unused protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey protein is often separated from the casein in milk or formed as a by-product of cheese making. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades but it proved a cheapest source of protein for poor growing population in developing countries. Whey protein is taken into account an entire protein because it contains all 9 essential amino acids. It is low in lactose content. Conclusion: Human body cannot make essential amino acids, so it's important to get enough of them from diet. Due to availability of carbohydrates, fat, immunoglobulin, lactose and minerals including essential amino acids in whey protein, it is an important source of energy provided by domesticated animals. There are many benefits related to the consumption of whey protein such as muscle building and loss of fat. Researchers are constantly finding new possible therapeutic properties.

International Journal of Dairy Technology

To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanopa... more To detect mercury in dairy cow milk by colorimetric techniques, papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles (P‐AuNPs) were synthesised. Papain‐functionalized gold nanoparticles aggregated when mercury ions were introduced, causing their absorption peak to shift from 525 to 575 nm. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy determined that aggregated P‐AuNPs average sizes were 26.60 nm and 15.17–18.23 nm, respectively, with monodispersed. The detection limit of P‐AuNPs for mercury in milk samples was 1.0 ppm with high recovery. This sensor showed relatively high selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions in milk. This method shows utility in developing countries for monitoring the concentration of Hg2+ in water, milk and food items for safety purposes.

Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 2021

Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composit... more Background: Protein is essential portion of food which exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. But protein rich foods are very expensive and are scarcely available in developing country and protein deficiency is one of the major public health concerns. In this situation, searching for additional sources of dietary protein is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of global growing population. Current review of literature is about a cheapest, easily available unused protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey protein is often separated from the casein in milk or formed as a by-product of cheese making. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades but it proved a cheapest source of protein for poor growing population in developing countries. Whey protein is taken into account an entire protein because it contains all 9 essential amino acids. It is low in lactose content. Conclusion: Human body cannot make essential amino acids, so it's important to get enough of them from diet. Due to availability of carbohydrates, fat, immunoglobulin, lactose and minerals including essential amino acids in whey protein, it is an important source of energy provided by domesticated animals. There are many benefits related to the consumption of whey protein such as muscle building and loss of fat. Researchers are constantly finding new possible therapeutic properties.

Journal of Cluster Science, 2021

Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citra... more Abstract In the present study, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by the citrate reduction method. The physical properties and their stability were studied in the various buffer systems at different pH and time intervals. Monodisperse AuNPs were used to assess their stability and aggregation in 0.1 M of buffers. We analyzed the stability of the colloidal gold nanoparticles in borate, phosphate, Tris–citrate and Tris–HCl buffers with variable pH and time-dependent manner. For understanding the stability and aggregation of AuNPs in different buffers, AuNPs and buffer mixture was incubated at 4 °C for different time-periods. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectra and colorimetric changes were recorded at time interval. Absorbance spectra revealed that different ratios of AuNPs in borate buffer were stable at pH 7.5 to 9.3. Wine red colour with maximum absorbance at 520 nm was obtained due to lack of the aggregation. The phosphate buffer was not suitable for monodisperse gold nanoparticles and got aggregated. In Tris–citrate buffer, the absorbance A 520 (* P < 0. 05 and *** P < 0. 001) and correlation coefficient changed with incubation time and λ max shifts to longer wavelengths at pH 8.5. Tris–HCl buffer revealed significant changes A 520 with incubation period and did not correlate with time. There were changes in A 520 with incubation time and λ max shifts towards longer wavelength at pH 4.0 while AuNPs was stable at pH 10.5. The phosphate buffer, Tris–citrate buffer and Tris–HCl buffer made complexes and got aggregated colorimetric response was shifted wine red color to blue –black color. Graphical Abstract

Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2021

Background: Protein is an essential portion of food that exerts beneficial effects on body compos... more Background: Protein is an essential portion of food that exerts beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism. However, protein-rich foods are costly and scarcely available in developing countries, and protein deficiency is a significant public health concern. In this situation, searching for additional dietary protein sources is of utmost importance due to decreasing resources because of the growing global population. The current literature review is about whey protein as it is the cheapest, readily available protein source. Methods: Milk is formed of two proteins, casein and whey. Whey is different from the casein in milk and is formed as a by-product of the cheese-making process. Whey (the liquid left after milk curdling) was deemed a waste by the dairy industry for decades. However, it is the cheapest protein source for the poor growing populations in developing countries. Whey protein is a complete protein as it contains all nine essential amino acids. It is low in lact...

RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY SCIENCE, 2020

Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nu... more Functional food". is a fortified food which delivers vitamins, minerals, various nutrients and nutrition. Nutrition is important for good health as well as for protection from various diseases. In recent era, functional food has attained a significant position in maintenance of human health. Phytochemicals and zoo chemicals are physiologically active components in foods. Both composition as well as amount to be consumed, are important regarding functional food? Presently, consumers are health conscious and getting total awareness regarding composition of functional food. In this brief review, scientific relevance and recommended eating of functional food of plant origin, has been reviewed.

Dietary Fibers [Working Title]

Food is a basic requirement for human life and well-being. On the other hand, diet is necessary f... more Food is a basic requirement for human life and well-being. On the other hand, diet is necessary for growth, health and defense, as well as regulating and assisting the symbiotic gut microbial communities that inhabit in the digestive tract, referred to as the gut microbiota. Diet influences the composition of the gut microbiota. The quality and quantity of diet affects their metabolism which creates a link between diet. The microorganisms in response to the type and amount of dietary intake. Dietary fibers, which includes non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) are neither neither-digested nor absorbed and are subjected to bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract resulting in the formation of different metabolites called SCFAs. The SCFAs have been reported to effect metabolic activities at the molecularlevel. Acetate affects the metabolic pathway through the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and free fatty acid receptor2 (FFAR2/GPR43) while butyrate and propionate transactiv...