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Practical relevance: Tooth extraction is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures i... more Practical relevance: Tooth extraction is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in small animal practice. Clinical challenges: The clinician must be familiar with normal oral anatomy, utilize nomenclature accepted in dentistry and oral surgery, use the modified Triadan system for numbering teeth, identify normal structures on a dental radiograph, understand the tissues that hold the teeth in the jaws, know the biomechanical principles of tooth extraction, be able to choose the most appropriate instrument for removal of a tooth, extract teeth using closed and open techniques, and create tension-free flaps for closure of extraction sites. Audience: This review is intended to familiarize both the general and referral practitioner with feline oral anatomy and tooth extraction techniques. Patient group: Tooth extraction is predominantly performed in cats with tooth resorption, chronic gingivostomatitis and periodontal disease. Equipment: The basic contents of a feline tooth extraction kit are explained. Evidence base: The guidance contained within this review is based on a combination of the published literature, the authors' personal experience and the experience of colleagues. Feline oral anatomy Eruption and types of teeth The kitten's 26 deciduous teeth erupt at between 2 and 6 weeks of age. The cat's 30 permanent teeth erupt at between 3 and 6 months of age. Cats have incisors for cutting, prehending and grooming, canines for penetrating, grasping and defense, and cheek teeth (premolars and molars) for holding, carrying, breaking and tearing food. The maxillary fourth premolar and mandibular first molar are the carnassial teeth. 1-3
Practical relevance: Tooth extraction is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures i... more Practical relevance: Tooth extraction is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in small animal practice. Clinical challenges: The clinician must be familiar with normal oral anatomy, utilize nomenclature accepted in dentistry and oral surgery, use the modified Triadan system for numbering teeth, identify normal structures on a dental radiograph, understand the tissues that hold the teeth in the jaws, know the biomechanical principles of tooth extraction, be able to choose the most appropriate instrument for removal of a tooth, extract teeth using closed and open techniques, and create tension-free flaps for closure of extraction sites. Audience: This review is intended to familiarize both the general and referral practitioner with feline oral anatomy and tooth extraction techniques. Patient group: Tooth extraction is predominantly performed in cats with tooth resorption, chronic gingivostomatitis and periodontal disease. Equipment: The basic contents of a feline tooth extraction kit are explained. Evidence base: The guidance contained within this review is based on a combination of the published literature, the authors' personal experience and the experience of colleagues. Feline oral anatomy Eruption and types of teeth The kitten's 26 deciduous teeth erupt at between 2 and 6 weeks of age. The cat's 30 permanent teeth erupt at between 3 and 6 months of age. Cats have incisors for cutting, prehending and grooming, canines for penetrating, grasping and defense, and cheek teeth (premolars and molars) for holding, carrying, breaking and tearing food. The maxillary fourth premolar and mandibular first molar are the carnassial teeth. 1-3