subhra shil - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by subhra shil

Paper, 2024

Field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya... more Field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia,
West Bengal, India during Rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to study the effect of integrated weed management practices
on weeds and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.). At early stage of crop growth i.e. at 10 DAT, maximum weed control
efficiency (82.57%) was recorded in the treatment of propaquizafop 0.05 kg/ha + oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha (tank mix) as preemergence followed by aqueous extract of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) 10% 2.5 liter/ha at 1 DAT (72.83%). Weed
control efficiency (WCE) was sustained at later stage with 60.98% and 51.96% in these treatments, respectively. While in
the later crop growth phase i.e. 25 DAT onwards, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT recorded significantly the lowest
weed density, biomass and higher weed control efficiency (83.27, 77.02, 64.23% at 25, 50 and 75 DAT, respectively).
Notable increase in growth and yield attributes viz., plant height, chlorophyll content, LAI, DMA, CGR, bulb diameter,
bulb length, scales/bulb, bulb yield, biological yield and harvest index were recorded in two hand weeding followed by PE
application of propaquizafop + oxyfluorfen fb mechanical weeding (MW) and cucumber aqueous extract 10% fb MW. The
net return and B:C ratio was significantly higher with propaquizafop+ oxyfluorfen fb MW and cucumber aqueous extract
10% fb MW due to lesser cost of herbicides usage compared to hand weeding.

Paper, 2024

Broccoli, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea L. var. italica, is an important cool-season... more Broccoli, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea
L. var. italica, is an important cool-season vegetable
crops belonging to the family Brassicaceae or Cruciferae. Organic broccoli farming is an eco-friendly approach that ensures sustainable agricultural practices
for consistent and resilient production by improving
resistance against various pests and environmental
challenges. Two consecutive years of field experiment
was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2017-2018
and 2019-2020 comprising of twenty-one treatments
with different sources of concentrated organic inputs
along with bio-fertilizers by cultivar calabrese laid
out in two factorial Randomized Block Design replicated by three times. The treatment combinations
were consisted of seven different organic inputs viz.
T1
- neem cake @ 1 t ha-1, T2
-mustard cake @ 1 t ha1
, T3
- neem cake @ 0.75 t ha-1, T4
- mustard cake @
0.75 t ha-1, T5
- neem cake @ 0.5 t ha-1, T6
- mustard
cake @ 0.5 t ha-1 and T7
-control and three different
level of biofertilizers viz. B1
- azotobactor @ 2 kg ha1
, B2
- azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1 and B3
- PSB @ 2 kg
ha-1. The exponential and significant improvement in
plant height (31.68 cm), dry matter content (32.26%),
gross head weight (615.18 g), net head weight (304.26
g) and projected yield (8.44 t ha-1) were influenced
by integrated application of mustard cake @ 1t ha-1
with azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1. The plant applied in
different doses of mustard cake along with azospirillum responded better performance in most of the
biochemical aspects viz. TSS (3.92 to 4.090 Brix),
vit-C (99.71 to 101.77 mg 100 g-1 pulp) and crude
protein (2.23 to 2.43%). Mustad cake @ 1t ha-1 along
with azospirillium @ 2 kg ha-1 clearly demonstrated
more accumulation of N (2.12%), P (1.20%) and
K (1.78%) content in plant tissue and significantly
improved the head quality.

Paper, 2015

An experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of weed ma... more An experiment was conducted during rabi
season of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of weed
management through mulching and herbicides on
weed control and tomato performance. The herbicides
significantly affected all the parameters of the crop.
The highest plant height (83.16 cm) and maxumum
number of branches (5.61) were recorded in
Pendimethalin 30 EC treated plots. Weed biomass (g
m-2), WCE (%) at 30 and 60 DAT were significantly
affected in response to weed control treatments.
threatment receiving Pendimethalin 30 EC along with
one mechanical weeding recorded lowest weed biomass (5.98 g m-2) and highest WCE (80.40 %) at 30
DAT. Highest fruit yield (7.07 t ha-1) also recorded in
Pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1000 g ha-1 along with mechanical weeding while the lowest yield was in control plot.

Extended Summery, 2014

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), an important vegetable crop, belongs to family solanaceae, g... more Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), an important
vegetable crop, belongs to family solanaceae, grown in most
home gardens and by market and truck gardeners. It is also
produced as off-season vegetable in green-houses. Tomato,
being its high nutritional value and different types of culinary
use, it is imperative to improve the quality and quantity of
crop (Wales 2011). Tomato production systems typically utilize
conventional tillage, a bedded crop and weed mulch culture,
and multiple herbicide applications to keep fields weed free.
Intensive use of synthetic chemical in their production has
raised consumer and ecological concerns. Use of residue
mulches in sustainable or organic production systems is also
universally perceived as sustainable. Therefore, alternative
production practices that decrease tomato production inputs
while maintaining yields and quality are desired. Use of crop
residues combined with reduced tillage systems may produce
such results. Crop residues can enhance overall productivity
and soil quality by increasing organic matter and nitrogen
content, as well aid in water conservation by increasing soil
water infiltration rates. Additionally, previous research has
shown that weed control can be provided by using crop
residues in both field and vegetable crops. Mulching can affect
subsequent early season weed suppression (Saini et al. 2006).
METHODOLOGY
The experiment was conducted during Rabi season of
2011 and 2012 at the “INSTRUCTIONAL FARM” (latitude:
22°93’E, longitude: 88°53’N and altitude: 9.75 m) of Bidhan
Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal. The
experimental soil was well drained, alluvial in nature and
sandy loam in texture, having pH 6.95, organic carbon 0.673%,
available nitrogen 253.57 kg/ha, available phosphorus 20.49
kg/ha and available potassium 117.42 kg/ha respectively
(Jackson 1973). The variety used in this experiment was Arka
Meghali with 5 treatments replicated four times with
Randomized Block Design. Each plot size was of 10 x 4 m. 25
days
old seedlings were transplanted in the main field. Water was
applied to all the plots immediately after transplanting.
Thereafter, the plots were irrigated every other day as needed.
General production practices were followed as required. The
treatments were as follows: T1: Control, T2: Up rooted weedmulch, T3: Paddy straw mulch; T4: Pendimethalin 30 EC at 1000
g/ ha + Mechanical Weeding at 20 DAT; T5: Oxyfluorfen 23.5
EC at 100 g /ha + Mechanical Weeding at 20 DAT; Sprayingwas done with knapsack sprayer with floodjet deflector WFN040 nozzle with 500 Littre of water/ha. Herbicide treatments
included as pre – emergence (PE) application at 2 DAT.
RESULTS
The results showed that regarding weed control
efficiency, from 30 DAT to 60 DAT, maximum was recordedfrom treatment T4 (80.40 %) followed by T5 (79. 23%), T3 (59.84 %)
and T2 (53.23 %) over unweeded check (control). The maximumtomato yield (7.07 t/ha) was observed in plots where herbicide
Pendimethalin 30 EC at 1000 g/ha (T4) was applied followed byOxyfluorfen 23.5 EC at 100 g/ ha (6.99 t/ha) as compared to uprooted weed mulch (T2) and paddy straw mulch (T3), 6.69 t/ha,
6.41 t/ha respectively while the lowest fruit yield was
calculated (3.21 t/ha) in the control plots. Lowest tomato yieldin control plots may be due to weed competition with plants.
While high fruit yield in Pendimethalin 30 EC and Oxyfluorfen23.5 EC might be attributed to better weeds control that made
better utilization of the resources like nutrients, solar radiation,
water and space.

Paper, 2015

The present investigation was conducted in instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura with an object... more The present investigation was conducted in
instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura with an
objective to find the actual result under climatic
condition of Tripura, during 2014. The investigation
revealed that highest no. of fruits/ plant (38) along
with maximum fruit diameter (5.7 cm), individual fruit
weight (58.8 g), crop duration (195 days), yield (8.55
kg/m2) and BC 3.5 and lowest pest and disease %
was recorded in Capsicum grown under polyhouse
conditions in comparison with the open field condition.
It can be concluded that protected condition
considerably enhance production of capsicum as
compared to open fields.

Research Paper, 2017

In order to study the interaction effect of pre-cooling (pre-cooled at 40C and non-precooled), pa... more In order to study the interaction effect of pre-cooling (pre-cooled at 40C and non-precooled), packaging (fiber bag, bamboo basket with newspaper lining and Corrugated Fibre
Board (CFB) box with 100 gauge polyethylene lining) and storage conditions (40C and
room temperature) on keeping quality of loose flowers of tuberose, fully developed
unopened buds of tuberose loose flowers cv. Prajwal were harvested from the experimental
plot early in the morning. It was observed that packaging significantly influenced fresh
weight, flower size, weight loss, moisture percentage, freshness of flowers throughout the
storage period, CFB boxes with polyethylene lining was the most effective one. Percent
weight loss was minimum, freshness, moisture content, fresh weights were higher and
maximum numbers of florets were open till 6 days. Fresh weight, flower size and moisture
content was maximum in pre-cooled flowers kept in CFB boxes with polyethylene lining
at 40C followed by non-pre-cooled flower kept in CFB with polyethylene lining boxes at
4
0C. Thus, pre-cooled flowers, kept in CFB boxes at 40C was the best performer among all
the treatment combinations with a shelf life of 15 days. In the present experiment
beneficial effects of the combination of pre-cooling packaging and low temperature
storage helped to create the modified atmospheric condition (low temperature and high
relative humidity) and resulted to maintain a better quality flower for a longer time.

Review Article, 2023

Seaweed extracts can play a beneficial role in agriculture by improving the growth, development, ... more Seaweed extracts can play a beneficial role in agriculture by improving the growth, development, and health of crops.
Seaweeds are rich in various growth-promoting substances, including amino acids, cytokinins, auxins, gibberellins, betaines,
macro and micro nutrient. These substances can stimulate plant growth and improve the plant’s ability to resist biotic and
abiotic stresses. When applied to crops, seaweed extracts can enhance the absorption of nutrients, increase the root mass, and
promote the development of secondary roots, leading to an increase in overall plant growth and yield. Seaweed extracts can
also improve the quality of fruits and vegetables by enhancing their nutritional value, flavor, and shelf life. Moreover, seaweed
extracts can also act as natural bio-stimulants and help crops to cope with environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and
extreme temperatures. Seaweed extracts can also improve the plant’s resistance to pests and diseases, thus reducing the
need for synthetic pesticides and herbicides. Application of seaweed extracts in agriculture can provide a natural and
sustainable approach to crop management, leading to improved crop yields, quality, and resilience to environmental stresses.

Research paper, 2017

The study was conducted to identify the involvement of tribal women in agriculture development in... more The study was conducted to identify the involvement of tribal women in agriculture development in
Tripura. The study was conducted in West Tripura district of Tripura during April to Aug, 2016.
Multistage purposive cum stratified random sampling design was used. 1500 rural women were
included as sample of respondents for the study. The study reveals that more than 50% tribal farm
women participated jointly with family members in harvesting, compost making, application of manure,
storing of harvested crops, collection of seeds and cleaning of harvested crops for marketing, seed
cleaning, intercultural operations, seed storage and grading of harvested crop for marketing . In
addition to this, a large percentage of tribal farm women did not contributed labour at all in application
of pesticides, marketing, land preparation, application of fertilizer, seed treatment and fencing. It was
concluded from the study that majority of tribal women directly involved in agricultural activity but
there was some gender differentiation activity was followed.

Case Stusy, 2017

The major constraints of potato production in Tripura are non availability of quality seed tuber,... more The major constraints of potato production in Tripura are non availability of quality
seed tuber, incidence of potato diseases mainly late blight and viruses etc. TPS could
be an alternative technology to increase productivity and reduce the cost of potato
production. TPS in place of traditional seed tubers offer several advantages. Only
100 g TPS is needed for one ha as compared to nearly 2-2.5 tones of seed tubers
required to plant the same area. Raising potato crops through TPS has been found to
be highly remunerative to the potato growers. Farmers are not getting optimum
assured profit due to lack of sufficient knowledge with respect to plant protection
measures. It is utmost necessary to guide the TPS growers through continuous
training on plant protection measures to get optimum yield per unit area by effective
management against pests and diseases.

Research Article, 2016

The study was conducted in the operational area of KVK, West Tripura with randomly selected 120 ... more The study was conducted in the operational area of KVK, West Tripura with randomly selected 120 beneficiaries
to find out the constraints in adoption of Nutritional garden in Tripura. Majority of the respondents perceived poor
irrigation facility (74.17%) under constraints related to input. A technical constraint, viz., lack of knowledge about seed
treatment (91.67%) was the major hindrance in successful adoption of nutritional garden. Amongst post harvest constraints,
a major constraint was lack of knowledge on preservation and processing of surplus produce (82.50%). High rainfall
damages garden during rainy season (65.00%), less priority is given to nutritional garden than other farm activities
(50.83%) and high soil PH (46.67%) were general constraints as perceived by the respondents.

Research Article, 2016

An experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura during rabi season of ... more An experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura during rabi season of 2014-15, with an objective to find a proper dose of NAA to control premature flower and fruit drops in chilli. The growth regulator (NAA) was sprayed two times once at 35th and second at 45th days after transplanting. The treatment comprises of T1: NAA @ 5 ppm, T2: NAA @ 10 ppm, T3: NAA @ 20 ppm, T4: control. The result of the experiment revealed that NAA application significantly influences the yield attribute of chilli. It was observed that maximum plant height (39.45 cm), maximum number of branch per plant (18 nos.), maximum numbers of chilli per plant (250 nos) and highest yield (11.2 t/ha) was recorded in T3 followed by T 2 and lowest was in case of control.

Article, 2022

Luteinis a yellow pigment of carotenoid family. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and is found... more Luteinis a yellow pigment of carotenoid family. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and is found in high quantities in green leafy
vegetables such as spinach, kale and yellow carrots. In green plants, xanthophylls act to modulate light energy and serve as
non-photochemical quenching agents to deal with triplet chlorophyll. The human body cannot synthesize lutein or another
vision boosting antioxidant, zeaxanthin, on its own, so these nutrients must be obtained through diet. Of the 600 carotenoids
found in nature, lutein and zeaxanthin are the only two that the body sends to the macular portion of the eyes, where they fight
free radical damage that can lead to macular degeneration and cataracts.

RESEARCH PAPER, 2019

Banana (Musa sapientum) is an important tropical fruit crop in India. External appearance of is i... more Banana (Musa sapientum) is an important tropical fruit crop in India. External appearance
of is important factor which decides the market value of the product. Many banana
growers suffer huge monetary loss due to pre harvest eating of insects especially
scaring beetle, mechanical injury, damage of foxes etc. In Khowai district of Tripura,
the infestation of insect was found to be very high. To address the problem an
experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, Khowai, Tripura, India
during the year 2016-17 and 2017-18. Ten numbers of bunches were random selected
from an already existing banana cv. SABRI orchard. The experiment was comprises of
two treatment- T1
: bunches are covering with 6 per cent ventilated Polythene covers /
sleeves of size 200 cm length x 150 cm width x 175 gauge thickness and T2
: not covered
or control. It was observed that the banana fruits matured under covered condition
were more visually appealing as they were clean and had minimal bruises, especially
more large-grade fruit with uniform fullness of fruit within the bunch compared to
those grown uncovered. 11.45 per cent more finger length and 7.35 per cent more
individual fruit weight was noticed in cover bunches compared to that uncovered.
Bunch covering also had a positive on the TSS content of the fruit. Further, bagging
helps in shorten the time from flowering to physiological maturity by 10. Thus bunch
covering can be recommended for commercial banana orchards in Tripura to produce
high quality fruits.

International Journal of Enviornment and Climate Change, Dec 11, 2023

Paper, 2024

Field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya... more Field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia,
West Bengal, India during Rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to study the effect of integrated weed management practices
on weeds and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.). At early stage of crop growth i.e. at 10 DAT, maximum weed control
efficiency (82.57%) was recorded in the treatment of propaquizafop 0.05 kg/ha + oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha (tank mix) as preemergence followed by aqueous extract of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) 10% 2.5 liter/ha at 1 DAT (72.83%). Weed
control efficiency (WCE) was sustained at later stage with 60.98% and 51.96% in these treatments, respectively. While in
the later crop growth phase i.e. 25 DAT onwards, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT recorded significantly the lowest
weed density, biomass and higher weed control efficiency (83.27, 77.02, 64.23% at 25, 50 and 75 DAT, respectively).
Notable increase in growth and yield attributes viz., plant height, chlorophyll content, LAI, DMA, CGR, bulb diameter,
bulb length, scales/bulb, bulb yield, biological yield and harvest index were recorded in two hand weeding followed by PE
application of propaquizafop + oxyfluorfen fb mechanical weeding (MW) and cucumber aqueous extract 10% fb MW. The
net return and B:C ratio was significantly higher with propaquizafop+ oxyfluorfen fb MW and cucumber aqueous extract
10% fb MW due to lesser cost of herbicides usage compared to hand weeding.

Paper, 2024

Broccoli, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea L. var. italica, is an important cool-season... more Broccoli, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea
L. var. italica, is an important cool-season vegetable
crops belonging to the family Brassicaceae or Cruciferae. Organic broccoli farming is an eco-friendly approach that ensures sustainable agricultural practices
for consistent and resilient production by improving
resistance against various pests and environmental
challenges. Two consecutive years of field experiment
was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2017-2018
and 2019-2020 comprising of twenty-one treatments
with different sources of concentrated organic inputs
along with bio-fertilizers by cultivar calabrese laid
out in two factorial Randomized Block Design replicated by three times. The treatment combinations
were consisted of seven different organic inputs viz.
T1
- neem cake @ 1 t ha-1, T2
-mustard cake @ 1 t ha1
, T3
- neem cake @ 0.75 t ha-1, T4
- mustard cake @
0.75 t ha-1, T5
- neem cake @ 0.5 t ha-1, T6
- mustard
cake @ 0.5 t ha-1 and T7
-control and three different
level of biofertilizers viz. B1
- azotobactor @ 2 kg ha1
, B2
- azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1 and B3
- PSB @ 2 kg
ha-1. The exponential and significant improvement in
plant height (31.68 cm), dry matter content (32.26%),
gross head weight (615.18 g), net head weight (304.26
g) and projected yield (8.44 t ha-1) were influenced
by integrated application of mustard cake @ 1t ha-1
with azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1. The plant applied in
different doses of mustard cake along with azospirillum responded better performance in most of the
biochemical aspects viz. TSS (3.92 to 4.090 Brix),
vit-C (99.71 to 101.77 mg 100 g-1 pulp) and crude
protein (2.23 to 2.43%). Mustad cake @ 1t ha-1 along
with azospirillium @ 2 kg ha-1 clearly demonstrated
more accumulation of N (2.12%), P (1.20%) and
K (1.78%) content in plant tissue and significantly
improved the head quality.

Paper, 2015

An experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of weed ma... more An experiment was conducted during rabi
season of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of weed
management through mulching and herbicides on
weed control and tomato performance. The herbicides
significantly affected all the parameters of the crop.
The highest plant height (83.16 cm) and maxumum
number of branches (5.61) were recorded in
Pendimethalin 30 EC treated plots. Weed biomass (g
m-2), WCE (%) at 30 and 60 DAT were significantly
affected in response to weed control treatments.
threatment receiving Pendimethalin 30 EC along with
one mechanical weeding recorded lowest weed biomass (5.98 g m-2) and highest WCE (80.40 %) at 30
DAT. Highest fruit yield (7.07 t ha-1) also recorded in
Pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1000 g ha-1 along with mechanical weeding while the lowest yield was in control plot.

Extended Summery, 2014

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), an important vegetable crop, belongs to family solanaceae, g... more Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), an important
vegetable crop, belongs to family solanaceae, grown in most
home gardens and by market and truck gardeners. It is also
produced as off-season vegetable in green-houses. Tomato,
being its high nutritional value and different types of culinary
use, it is imperative to improve the quality and quantity of
crop (Wales 2011). Tomato production systems typically utilize
conventional tillage, a bedded crop and weed mulch culture,
and multiple herbicide applications to keep fields weed free.
Intensive use of synthetic chemical in their production has
raised consumer and ecological concerns. Use of residue
mulches in sustainable or organic production systems is also
universally perceived as sustainable. Therefore, alternative
production practices that decrease tomato production inputs
while maintaining yields and quality are desired. Use of crop
residues combined with reduced tillage systems may produce
such results. Crop residues can enhance overall productivity
and soil quality by increasing organic matter and nitrogen
content, as well aid in water conservation by increasing soil
water infiltration rates. Additionally, previous research has
shown that weed control can be provided by using crop
residues in both field and vegetable crops. Mulching can affect
subsequent early season weed suppression (Saini et al. 2006).
METHODOLOGY
The experiment was conducted during Rabi season of
2011 and 2012 at the “INSTRUCTIONAL FARM” (latitude:
22°93’E, longitude: 88°53’N and altitude: 9.75 m) of Bidhan
Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal. The
experimental soil was well drained, alluvial in nature and
sandy loam in texture, having pH 6.95, organic carbon 0.673%,
available nitrogen 253.57 kg/ha, available phosphorus 20.49
kg/ha and available potassium 117.42 kg/ha respectively
(Jackson 1973). The variety used in this experiment was Arka
Meghali with 5 treatments replicated four times with
Randomized Block Design. Each plot size was of 10 x 4 m. 25
days
old seedlings were transplanted in the main field. Water was
applied to all the plots immediately after transplanting.
Thereafter, the plots were irrigated every other day as needed.
General production practices were followed as required. The
treatments were as follows: T1: Control, T2: Up rooted weedmulch, T3: Paddy straw mulch; T4: Pendimethalin 30 EC at 1000
g/ ha + Mechanical Weeding at 20 DAT; T5: Oxyfluorfen 23.5
EC at 100 g /ha + Mechanical Weeding at 20 DAT; Sprayingwas done with knapsack sprayer with floodjet deflector WFN040 nozzle with 500 Littre of water/ha. Herbicide treatments
included as pre – emergence (PE) application at 2 DAT.
RESULTS
The results showed that regarding weed control
efficiency, from 30 DAT to 60 DAT, maximum was recordedfrom treatment T4 (80.40 %) followed by T5 (79. 23%), T3 (59.84 %)
and T2 (53.23 %) over unweeded check (control). The maximumtomato yield (7.07 t/ha) was observed in plots where herbicide
Pendimethalin 30 EC at 1000 g/ha (T4) was applied followed byOxyfluorfen 23.5 EC at 100 g/ ha (6.99 t/ha) as compared to uprooted weed mulch (T2) and paddy straw mulch (T3), 6.69 t/ha,
6.41 t/ha respectively while the lowest fruit yield was
calculated (3.21 t/ha) in the control plots. Lowest tomato yieldin control plots may be due to weed competition with plants.
While high fruit yield in Pendimethalin 30 EC and Oxyfluorfen23.5 EC might be attributed to better weeds control that made
better utilization of the resources like nutrients, solar radiation,
water and space.

Paper, 2015

The present investigation was conducted in instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura with an object... more The present investigation was conducted in
instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura with an
objective to find the actual result under climatic
condition of Tripura, during 2014. The investigation
revealed that highest no. of fruits/ plant (38) along
with maximum fruit diameter (5.7 cm), individual fruit
weight (58.8 g), crop duration (195 days), yield (8.55
kg/m2) and BC 3.5 and lowest pest and disease %
was recorded in Capsicum grown under polyhouse
conditions in comparison with the open field condition.
It can be concluded that protected condition
considerably enhance production of capsicum as
compared to open fields.

Research Paper, 2017

In order to study the interaction effect of pre-cooling (pre-cooled at 40C and non-precooled), pa... more In order to study the interaction effect of pre-cooling (pre-cooled at 40C and non-precooled), packaging (fiber bag, bamboo basket with newspaper lining and Corrugated Fibre
Board (CFB) box with 100 gauge polyethylene lining) and storage conditions (40C and
room temperature) on keeping quality of loose flowers of tuberose, fully developed
unopened buds of tuberose loose flowers cv. Prajwal were harvested from the experimental
plot early in the morning. It was observed that packaging significantly influenced fresh
weight, flower size, weight loss, moisture percentage, freshness of flowers throughout the
storage period, CFB boxes with polyethylene lining was the most effective one. Percent
weight loss was minimum, freshness, moisture content, fresh weights were higher and
maximum numbers of florets were open till 6 days. Fresh weight, flower size and moisture
content was maximum in pre-cooled flowers kept in CFB boxes with polyethylene lining
at 40C followed by non-pre-cooled flower kept in CFB with polyethylene lining boxes at
4
0C. Thus, pre-cooled flowers, kept in CFB boxes at 40C was the best performer among all
the treatment combinations with a shelf life of 15 days. In the present experiment
beneficial effects of the combination of pre-cooling packaging and low temperature
storage helped to create the modified atmospheric condition (low temperature and high
relative humidity) and resulted to maintain a better quality flower for a longer time.

Review Article, 2023

Seaweed extracts can play a beneficial role in agriculture by improving the growth, development, ... more Seaweed extracts can play a beneficial role in agriculture by improving the growth, development, and health of crops.
Seaweeds are rich in various growth-promoting substances, including amino acids, cytokinins, auxins, gibberellins, betaines,
macro and micro nutrient. These substances can stimulate plant growth and improve the plant’s ability to resist biotic and
abiotic stresses. When applied to crops, seaweed extracts can enhance the absorption of nutrients, increase the root mass, and
promote the development of secondary roots, leading to an increase in overall plant growth and yield. Seaweed extracts can
also improve the quality of fruits and vegetables by enhancing their nutritional value, flavor, and shelf life. Moreover, seaweed
extracts can also act as natural bio-stimulants and help crops to cope with environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and
extreme temperatures. Seaweed extracts can also improve the plant’s resistance to pests and diseases, thus reducing the
need for synthetic pesticides and herbicides. Application of seaweed extracts in agriculture can provide a natural and
sustainable approach to crop management, leading to improved crop yields, quality, and resilience to environmental stresses.

Research paper, 2017

The study was conducted to identify the involvement of tribal women in agriculture development in... more The study was conducted to identify the involvement of tribal women in agriculture development in
Tripura. The study was conducted in West Tripura district of Tripura during April to Aug, 2016.
Multistage purposive cum stratified random sampling design was used. 1500 rural women were
included as sample of respondents for the study. The study reveals that more than 50% tribal farm
women participated jointly with family members in harvesting, compost making, application of manure,
storing of harvested crops, collection of seeds and cleaning of harvested crops for marketing, seed
cleaning, intercultural operations, seed storage and grading of harvested crop for marketing . In
addition to this, a large percentage of tribal farm women did not contributed labour at all in application
of pesticides, marketing, land preparation, application of fertilizer, seed treatment and fencing. It was
concluded from the study that majority of tribal women directly involved in agricultural activity but
there was some gender differentiation activity was followed.

Case Stusy, 2017

The major constraints of potato production in Tripura are non availability of quality seed tuber,... more The major constraints of potato production in Tripura are non availability of quality
seed tuber, incidence of potato diseases mainly late blight and viruses etc. TPS could
be an alternative technology to increase productivity and reduce the cost of potato
production. TPS in place of traditional seed tubers offer several advantages. Only
100 g TPS is needed for one ha as compared to nearly 2-2.5 tones of seed tubers
required to plant the same area. Raising potato crops through TPS has been found to
be highly remunerative to the potato growers. Farmers are not getting optimum
assured profit due to lack of sufficient knowledge with respect to plant protection
measures. It is utmost necessary to guide the TPS growers through continuous
training on plant protection measures to get optimum yield per unit area by effective
management against pests and diseases.

Research Article, 2016

The study was conducted in the operational area of KVK, West Tripura with randomly selected 120 ... more The study was conducted in the operational area of KVK, West Tripura with randomly selected 120 beneficiaries
to find out the constraints in adoption of Nutritional garden in Tripura. Majority of the respondents perceived poor
irrigation facility (74.17%) under constraints related to input. A technical constraint, viz., lack of knowledge about seed
treatment (91.67%) was the major hindrance in successful adoption of nutritional garden. Amongst post harvest constraints,
a major constraint was lack of knowledge on preservation and processing of surplus produce (82.50%). High rainfall
damages garden during rainy season (65.00%), less priority is given to nutritional garden than other farm activities
(50.83%) and high soil PH (46.67%) were general constraints as perceived by the respondents.

Research Article, 2016

An experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura during rabi season of ... more An experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, West Tripura during rabi season of 2014-15, with an objective to find a proper dose of NAA to control premature flower and fruit drops in chilli. The growth regulator (NAA) was sprayed two times once at 35th and second at 45th days after transplanting. The treatment comprises of T1: NAA @ 5 ppm, T2: NAA @ 10 ppm, T3: NAA @ 20 ppm, T4: control. The result of the experiment revealed that NAA application significantly influences the yield attribute of chilli. It was observed that maximum plant height (39.45 cm), maximum number of branch per plant (18 nos.), maximum numbers of chilli per plant (250 nos) and highest yield (11.2 t/ha) was recorded in T3 followed by T 2 and lowest was in case of control.

Article, 2022

Luteinis a yellow pigment of carotenoid family. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and is found... more Luteinis a yellow pigment of carotenoid family. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and is found in high quantities in green leafy
vegetables such as spinach, kale and yellow carrots. In green plants, xanthophylls act to modulate light energy and serve as
non-photochemical quenching agents to deal with triplet chlorophyll. The human body cannot synthesize lutein or another
vision boosting antioxidant, zeaxanthin, on its own, so these nutrients must be obtained through diet. Of the 600 carotenoids
found in nature, lutein and zeaxanthin are the only two that the body sends to the macular portion of the eyes, where they fight
free radical damage that can lead to macular degeneration and cataracts.

RESEARCH PAPER, 2019

Banana (Musa sapientum) is an important tropical fruit crop in India. External appearance of is i... more Banana (Musa sapientum) is an important tropical fruit crop in India. External appearance
of is important factor which decides the market value of the product. Many banana
growers suffer huge monetary loss due to pre harvest eating of insects especially
scaring beetle, mechanical injury, damage of foxes etc. In Khowai district of Tripura,
the infestation of insect was found to be very high. To address the problem an
experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of KVK, Khowai, Tripura, India
during the year 2016-17 and 2017-18. Ten numbers of bunches were random selected
from an already existing banana cv. SABRI orchard. The experiment was comprises of
two treatment- T1
: bunches are covering with 6 per cent ventilated Polythene covers /
sleeves of size 200 cm length x 150 cm width x 175 gauge thickness and T2
: not covered
or control. It was observed that the banana fruits matured under covered condition
were more visually appealing as they were clean and had minimal bruises, especially
more large-grade fruit with uniform fullness of fruit within the bunch compared to
those grown uncovered. 11.45 per cent more finger length and 7.35 per cent more
individual fruit weight was noticed in cover bunches compared to that uncovered.
Bunch covering also had a positive on the TSS content of the fruit. Further, bagging
helps in shorten the time from flowering to physiological maturity by 10. Thus bunch
covering can be recommended for commercial banana orchards in Tripura to produce
high quality fruits.

International Journal of Enviornment and Climate Change, Dec 11, 2023