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A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to... more A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually during experiment. Almost all indicators used for acid-base titrations are synthetic compounds, slightly expensive and are unavailable so attempt is made to prepare natural indicator by using different flower extracts. These flowers are very common and easily available; hence indicator obtained from them will be cheap & economical. Every indicator are exhibits a different range of colors at different pH values. This study has been done to investigate the indicator properties of alcoholic extract of flower- Tagetes erectus, Bougainvillea glabra & Caesalpinia pulcherrima. All sample's Pigments were extracted & evaluated by preparing different pH strips by socking method. Their acid-base titration readings were compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators phenolphthalein and the work proved to be acceptable in introducing flower pigments as a substitute to the synthetic indicator in the acid-based indicators.
American journal of PharmTech research, Oct 8, 2018
A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to... more A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually during experiment. Almost all indicators used for acid-base titrations are synthetic compounds, slightly expensive and are unavailable so attempt is made to prepare natural indicator by using different flower extracts. These flowers are very common and easily available; hence indicator obtained from them will be cheap & economical. Every indicator are exhibits a different range of colors at different pH values. This study has been done to investigate the indicator properties of alcoholic extract of flower- Tagetes erectus, Bougainvillea glabra & Caesalpinia pulcherrima. All sample's Pigments were extracted & evaluated by preparing different pH strips by socking method. Their acid-base titration readings were compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators phenolphthalein and the wo...
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 2020
1. Assistant Professor, QA Department. 2. Final Year B.Pharmacy Students, Ideal College of Pharma... more 1. Assistant Professor, QA Department. 2. Final Year B.Pharmacy Students, Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research Kalyan, Affiliated University of Mumbai. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 20 April 2020 Final Accepted: 25 May 2020 Published: June 2020
Indicator is a chemical agent which is used to recognize the attainment of end point in titration... more Indicator is a chemical agent which is used to recognize the attainment of end point in titration. After the reaction between the chemical and the standard solution is complete, the indicator should give a color change. A pH indicator is a chemical which changes the color of solution with change in pH in response to a chemical change. An acid-base indicator changes its color depending on pH change. Redox indicators are also commonly used (eg. - methylene blue). Synthetic indicators are frequently used in acid-base titrations. As synthetic indicators have certain drawback like unavailability, expensive. An experiment has been made to recognize the indicator property of various natural pigments. The main goal of this attempt is to replace the synthetic indicators. Natural indicators are inexpensive as compare to synthetic indicators. Ethanolic extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) were evaluated and sample extract gives sharp and intense color change...
Pharmacokinetics of macrolides affect serum concentration of other drugs. Azithromycin and Roxith... more Pharmacokinetics of macrolides affect serum concentration of other drugs. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin are antimicrobial macrolides. Azithromycin is derived from erythromycin containing methyl substituted nitrogen in lactone ring whereas Roxithromycin is an ether oxime derivative of Erythromycin. These modifications in structure result in better gastrointestinal tolerability and tissue penetration of both these drugs. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin are acid stable therefore both exhibit better oral bioavailability and more favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin have greater distribution in tissues, a longer elimination half-life and a lower incidence of adverse effects. These both drugs are used against gram negative bacteria and commonly used for respiratory tract infection .Azithromycin have clinical uses such as used in sexually transmitted diseases, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, skin and structure infections. Roxithromycin is used ...
An indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of... more An indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of the solution can be determined visually.<sup> [1]</sup> Hence a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions or hydrogen ions in the Arrhenius model.<sup> [2][3]</sup> As most naturally occurring organic compounds are weak protolyte, carboxylic acid and amines pH indicator find many applications in biology and analysis. The term pH stands for potential hydrogen and is the measurement of how many hydrogen ions symbolized by H<sup>+</sup> are in solution. The more ions, the more acidic. A high number of hydroxide ions, symbolize by OH<sup>- </sup>characterizes basic or alkaline substances. <em>Plumeria (</em>also known as<em> Frangipani)</em> is a genus of flowering plants in the family <em>Apocynaceae</em>. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. A single <em>Plumeria</em> ...
American Journal of PharmTech Research, 2018
Hibiscus rosasinensis Linn are used in medicines in emollients and also it is used to treat burni... more Hibiscus rosasinensis Linn are used in medicines in emollients and also it is used to treat burning sensations and skin disease. Mucilage of Hibiscus rosasinensis contains L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-galactouronic acid, and D-glucuronic acid. The present article is trying to present an investigation is to extract the mucilage from the petals of flower of Hibiscus rosasinensis and use it in a paracetamol tablets as a binder. As the mucilage having granulating and binding properties so it is used in tablets, using paracetamol as a model drug. The Ph of mucilage was found to be 6.5 and all the physicochemical properties i.e. solubility and swelling index was studied. In this investigation wet granulation technique is used for the formation of granules using the above described mucilage which having the concentration of 2%, 5% and 7% w/v to use as a binder.'
The work present the develop formulation and caharacterisation of an ophthalmic in situ hydrogels... more The work present the develop formulation and caharacterisation of an ophthalmic in situ hydrogels of an antibacterial agent, levofloxacin, which is used in the treatment of eye infection such as dacrocystitis, bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration, with concept of both temperature and pH triggered in-situ gelation. Pluronic F-127 and Pluronic F-188 (thermo sensitive polymer) combining with chitosan (pH sensitive mucoadhesive polymer also act as permeation enhancer) was responsible for gel formation and hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, was acted as a viscosity-enhancing agent. The developed formulae were evaluated regarding their gelation temperature, gelling capacity, viscosity and in vitro release behavior. Among different formulae tested, P7 showed optimum gelation temperature of 33.0±0.5°C after dilution with simulated tear fluid (STF) and gel form that remains for few hours respectively. The selected formulation P7 was evaluated for drug contents, bioadhesion potential, in vitro transcorneal permeation study, antimicrobial efficacy studies and ocular irritation studies. The formulation was therapeutically efficacious, non irritant and has sustained release of the drug over a 7 hours period. The developed system can overcome the disadvantages of conventional eye drops.
American Journal of PharmTech Research
The importance of mouth and teeth cleanliness has been recognized from the earliest days of civil... more The importance of mouth and teeth cleanliness has been recognized from the earliest days of civilization to the 21st century. Patients and oral health practitioners are faced with a multitude of mouthwash products containing many different active and inactive ingredients. Making informed decisions as to the suitability of a particular product for a particular patient can be a complex task. Although many popular herbal products have helped to control dental plaque and gingivitis, they have been used for a short time and only as an adjunct to other oral hygiene measures such as brushing and flossing. Various herbal products and their extracts such as Turmeric, Triphala, Neem, Tulsi, etc, have shown significant advantages over the chemical ones. Natural mouthwashes may offer significant advantages over the chemical ones. If such mouthwashes can be formulated which can be easily prepared and used safely by people at home using natural products, it may lead to improvement in the general dental health of the population. We have prepared formulation F1 to F5. Then according to antimicrobial activity and evaluation parameters optimized one formulation.
A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to... more A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually during experiment. Almost all indicators used for acid-base titrations are synthetic compounds, slightly expensive and are unavailable so attempt is made to prepare natural indicator by using different flower extracts. These flowers are very common and easily available; hence indicator obtained from them will be cheap & economical. Every indicator are exhibits a different range of colors at different pH values. This study has been done to investigate the indicator properties of alcoholic extract of flower- Tagetes erectus, Bougainvillea glabra & Caesalpinia pulcherrima. All sample's Pigments were extracted & evaluated by preparing different pH strips by socking method. Their acid-base titration readings were compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators phenolphthalein and the work proved to be acceptable in introducing flower pigments as a substitute to the synthetic indicator in the acid-based indicators.
American journal of PharmTech research, Oct 8, 2018
A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to... more A pH indicator is weak acid and halo chromic chemical compound that is added in small quantity to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually during experiment. Almost all indicators used for acid-base titrations are synthetic compounds, slightly expensive and are unavailable so attempt is made to prepare natural indicator by using different flower extracts. These flowers are very common and easily available; hence indicator obtained from them will be cheap & economical. Every indicator are exhibits a different range of colors at different pH values. This study has been done to investigate the indicator properties of alcoholic extract of flower- Tagetes erectus, Bougainvillea glabra & Caesalpinia pulcherrima. All sample's Pigments were extracted & evaluated by preparing different pH strips by socking method. Their acid-base titration readings were compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators phenolphthalein and the wo...
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 2020
1. Assistant Professor, QA Department. 2. Final Year B.Pharmacy Students, Ideal College of Pharma... more 1. Assistant Professor, QA Department. 2. Final Year B.Pharmacy Students, Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research Kalyan, Affiliated University of Mumbai. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 20 April 2020 Final Accepted: 25 May 2020 Published: June 2020
Indicator is a chemical agent which is used to recognize the attainment of end point in titration... more Indicator is a chemical agent which is used to recognize the attainment of end point in titration. After the reaction between the chemical and the standard solution is complete, the indicator should give a color change. A pH indicator is a chemical which changes the color of solution with change in pH in response to a chemical change. An acid-base indicator changes its color depending on pH change. Redox indicators are also commonly used (eg. - methylene blue). Synthetic indicators are frequently used in acid-base titrations. As synthetic indicators have certain drawback like unavailability, expensive. An experiment has been made to recognize the indicator property of various natural pigments. The main goal of this attempt is to replace the synthetic indicators. Natural indicators are inexpensive as compare to synthetic indicators. Ethanolic extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) were evaluated and sample extract gives sharp and intense color change...
Pharmacokinetics of macrolides affect serum concentration of other drugs. Azithromycin and Roxith... more Pharmacokinetics of macrolides affect serum concentration of other drugs. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin are antimicrobial macrolides. Azithromycin is derived from erythromycin containing methyl substituted nitrogen in lactone ring whereas Roxithromycin is an ether oxime derivative of Erythromycin. These modifications in structure result in better gastrointestinal tolerability and tissue penetration of both these drugs. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin are acid stable therefore both exhibit better oral bioavailability and more favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin have greater distribution in tissues, a longer elimination half-life and a lower incidence of adverse effects. These both drugs are used against gram negative bacteria and commonly used for respiratory tract infection .Azithromycin have clinical uses such as used in sexually transmitted diseases, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, skin and structure infections. Roxithromycin is used ...
An indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of... more An indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of the solution can be determined visually.<sup> [1]</sup> Hence a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions or hydrogen ions in the Arrhenius model.<sup> [2][3]</sup> As most naturally occurring organic compounds are weak protolyte, carboxylic acid and amines pH indicator find many applications in biology and analysis. The term pH stands for potential hydrogen and is the measurement of how many hydrogen ions symbolized by H<sup>+</sup> are in solution. The more ions, the more acidic. A high number of hydroxide ions, symbolize by OH<sup>- </sup>characterizes basic or alkaline substances. <em>Plumeria (</em>also known as<em> Frangipani)</em> is a genus of flowering plants in the family <em>Apocynaceae</em>. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. A single <em>Plumeria</em> ...
American Journal of PharmTech Research, 2018
Hibiscus rosasinensis Linn are used in medicines in emollients and also it is used to treat burni... more Hibiscus rosasinensis Linn are used in medicines in emollients and also it is used to treat burning sensations and skin disease. Mucilage of Hibiscus rosasinensis contains L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-galactouronic acid, and D-glucuronic acid. The present article is trying to present an investigation is to extract the mucilage from the petals of flower of Hibiscus rosasinensis and use it in a paracetamol tablets as a binder. As the mucilage having granulating and binding properties so it is used in tablets, using paracetamol as a model drug. The Ph of mucilage was found to be 6.5 and all the physicochemical properties i.e. solubility and swelling index was studied. In this investigation wet granulation technique is used for the formation of granules using the above described mucilage which having the concentration of 2%, 5% and 7% w/v to use as a binder.'
The work present the develop formulation and caharacterisation of an ophthalmic in situ hydrogels... more The work present the develop formulation and caharacterisation of an ophthalmic in situ hydrogels of an antibacterial agent, levofloxacin, which is used in the treatment of eye infection such as dacrocystitis, bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration, with concept of both temperature and pH triggered in-situ gelation. Pluronic F-127 and Pluronic F-188 (thermo sensitive polymer) combining with chitosan (pH sensitive mucoadhesive polymer also act as permeation enhancer) was responsible for gel formation and hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, was acted as a viscosity-enhancing agent. The developed formulae were evaluated regarding their gelation temperature, gelling capacity, viscosity and in vitro release behavior. Among different formulae tested, P7 showed optimum gelation temperature of 33.0±0.5°C after dilution with simulated tear fluid (STF) and gel form that remains for few hours respectively. The selected formulation P7 was evaluated for drug contents, bioadhesion potential, in vitro transcorneal permeation study, antimicrobial efficacy studies and ocular irritation studies. The formulation was therapeutically efficacious, non irritant and has sustained release of the drug over a 7 hours period. The developed system can overcome the disadvantages of conventional eye drops.
American Journal of PharmTech Research
The importance of mouth and teeth cleanliness has been recognized from the earliest days of civil... more The importance of mouth and teeth cleanliness has been recognized from the earliest days of civilization to the 21st century. Patients and oral health practitioners are faced with a multitude of mouthwash products containing many different active and inactive ingredients. Making informed decisions as to the suitability of a particular product for a particular patient can be a complex task. Although many popular herbal products have helped to control dental plaque and gingivitis, they have been used for a short time and only as an adjunct to other oral hygiene measures such as brushing and flossing. Various herbal products and their extracts such as Turmeric, Triphala, Neem, Tulsi, etc, have shown significant advantages over the chemical ones. Natural mouthwashes may offer significant advantages over the chemical ones. If such mouthwashes can be formulated which can be easily prepared and used safely by people at home using natural products, it may lead to improvement in the general dental health of the population. We have prepared formulation F1 to F5. Then according to antimicrobial activity and evaluation parameters optimized one formulation.