sultan Mohammed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sultan Mohammed

A large archive of pre-1940 aerial photography of Ethiopia has come to light. The aerial photogra... more A large archive of pre-1940 aerial photography of Ethiopia has come to light. The aerial photographs cover north and central Ethiopia and were acquired by the Italian military geographical institute in 1935-41. The rediscovery of this archive opens new perspectives for change studies as it is the largest set of pre-1940 aerial photos in Africa. As a result of an agreement between Ghent University (Belgium), the Ethiopian Mapping Agency (now Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute) and Mekelle University (Ethiopia), all the photographs in the archive have been digitised. We have availed it to Ethiopian universities, research institutes and to the broader scientific community through a dedicated web interface: http://www.ethiopia1935.ugent.be/

The Scientific World Journal, 2022

Application of biochar on acidic soils may improve soil fertility and crop productivity. This stu... more Application of biochar on acidic soils may improve soil fertility and crop productivity. This study aimed to explore the relevance of parthenium biochar-induced changes in the physicochemical properties and agronomic performance of the selected wheat varieties in acidic soils. A pot trial was used in determining the effect of slow pyrolysis parthenium biochar on acidic soils and the agronomic performance of wheat varieties. A general linear model (GLM) of multivariate analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare functional variation among soil assayed parameters with biochar dosages and years. Biochar-treated acidic soils did not show significant differences in their physical properties. However, a significant incremental trend was observed in the soil moisture content. The biochar-amended acidic soils showed noticeable differences in the soil pH, available phosphorous, and exchangeable bases (Ca, K, and Na) compared to the control. In all soil samples, a decr...

Arab World English Journal, 2020

This paper seeks to intellectually stimulate researchers who are interested in the history of gra... more This paper seeks to intellectually stimulate researchers who are interested in the history of grammar and the long-standing debate about prescriptivism. Contrary to popular belief, there are scholars who still put forward arguments about the significant role played by prescriptive grammar in the development of Modern Standard English. Such counter-arguments are usually absent in many introductory textbooks to linguistics, which portray prescriptive grammar in a negative light. Nonetheless, only by listening to both sides of the debate, researchers can make a more objective judgment, avoid reductionist views, and encourage students of linguistics to engage in critical thinking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to reexamine the accusations made against prescriptive grammar by investigating various sources that give a different perspective on the origins and significance of the prescriptive tradition. The study has found that there is a strong connection between the prescriptive school of grammar and the development and preservation of Modern Standard English. Instead of being an impediment, the prescriptive approach that began in the 18th Century was a historical necessity at a time when linguistic variations were out of proportion and accepted standards were absent. The founders of this school did a great service to the English-speaking world by their contributions to the creation of a standard variety that has facilitated communication between speakers of diverse dialects of English. Unfortunately, the merits of this school have been buried by blanket accusations that lack careful analysis of what the works of prescriptive grammarians contained. The study has also shown how the dismissal of the prescriptive grammar can have negative outcomes and why it is important to reexamine the allegations made against it by modern linguists.

Open Access Library Journal, 2020

The objective of this article is to critically review the effects of Resource Mobilization, Patri... more The objective of this article is to critically review the effects of Resource Mobilization, Patriarchy System and Policy Implementation on Gender Mainstreaming. To effectively tackle gender inequalities, the structures and systems which act as root causes of gender inequality must be addressed. To do this, there should be the mainstream of gender concerns into all policies, programmes and service delivery. Gender Mainstreaming challenges decision-makers to question the assumption that policies and programmes affect everyone in the same way. Thus, the general objective of this article is to critically review the effect of resources mobilization, policy implementation gap and patriarchal ideology on gender mainstreaming. In order to achieve the intended goal, the reviewers critically and systematically reviewed different researches, articles and legal documents. Finally, the reviewers concluded that mainstreaming gender cannot possible without the prerequisites like sufficient resourc...

Organizational processes today are markedly different than they were several years ago. Processes... more Organizational processes today are markedly different than they were several years ago. Processes are what organizations do. When processes become old and inefficient and can‟t deliver results that they were originally designed to, they can‟t cope up the business dynamics in the environment in which they operate, they must be replaced. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a process-based management tool that can deliver, redesign or replace inefficient processes, as required, with a breakthrough results. As such it can be applied to a single process, a group of processes, or the entire processes comprising the organization. The Purpose of this study is to assess the effect of BPR on organizational performance of Water works construction enterprise (WWCE). In the study, both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were employed. The data for current study were obtained from primary and secondary sources. The instrument used to gather data for quantitative study was qu...

Most existing works on application mapping for Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) use either s... more Most existing works on application mapping for Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) use either simulation or analytical modeling to evaluate their mapping solutions. However, the use of these evaluation approaches is not as accurate as prototyping on a real MPSoC system. Rapid prototyping on a reconfigurable logic platform for design space exploration is also not trivial as tasks have to be developed ground-up. This paper proposes a development environment for fast NoC-based MPSoC application prototyping. A conversion method called CAL2NoC is proposed to convert a high-level dataflow model of real-world applications to multiple executable C codes (tasks). These application tasks are executed on emulated Network-on-Chip (NoC) based MPSoC platform and run-time performance traces are collected. CAL2NoC facilitates prototype-based design space exploration for real-world applications using emulated MPSoC platform for practical performance evaluation. As a proof-of-concept, JPEG encoder ...

IEEE Access, 2021

Future many-core systems need to address the dark silicon problem, where some cores would be turn... more Future many-core systems need to address the dark silicon problem, where some cores would be turned off to control the chip's thermal and power density, which effectively limits the performance gain from having a large number of processing cores. Task migration technique has been previously proposed to improve many-core system performance by moving tasks between active and dark cores. As task migration imposes system performance overhead due to the large wake-up latency of the dark cores, this paper proposes a prediction-based early wake-up (PEW) to reduce the dark cores' wake-up latency during task migration. A window-based online ridge regression (RR) is used as the prediction model. The prediction model uses the past window's thermal, power, and core status (i.e., active or dark) to predict the future core temperatures at run-time. If task migration is predicted in the next control period, the proposed PEW puts the dark cores in a power state with low wake-up latency. Thus, the proposed PEW reduces the time for the dark cores to start executing the tasks. The comparison results show that our proposed PEW reduces the completion time by up to 7.9% and 4.1% compared to non-early wake-up (NoEW) and a fixed threshold wake-up (FEW), respectively. It also shows that the proposed PEW increases the MIPS/Watt by up to 5.5% and 2.3% over NoEW and FEW, respectively. These results show that the proposed PEW improves the many-core system's overall performance in terms of reducing dark cores' wake-up latency and increasing the number of executed instructions per Watt. INDEX TERMS Dark silicon, many-core systems, task migration, dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS), ridge regression, early wake-up, dark core wake-up latency.

Electronics, 2020

Future many-core systems need to handle high power density and chip temperature effectively. Some... more Future many-core systems need to handle high power density and chip temperature effectively. Some cores in many-core systems need to be turned off or ‘dark’ to manage chip power and thermal density. This phenomenon is also known as the dark silicon problem. This problem prevents many-core systems from utilizing and gaining improved performance from a large number of processing cores. This paper presents a dynamic thermal-aware performance optimization of dark silicon many-core systems (DTaPO) technique for optimizing dark silicon a many-core system performance under temperature constraint. The proposed technique utilizes both task migration and dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS) for optimizing the performance of a many-core system while keeping system temperature in a safe operating limit. Task migration puts hot cores in low-power states and moves tasks to cooler dark cores to aggressively reduce chip temperature while maintaining high overall system performance. To reduce ta...

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2018

Identification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to thr... more Identification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to throttle high-bandwidth application traffic. Flow features based classification have been previously proposed as promising method to identify Internet traffic based on packet statistical features. The selection of statistical features plays an important role for accurate and timely classification. In this work, we investigate the impact of packet inter-arrival time feature for online P2P classification in terms of accuracy, Kappa statistic and time. Simulations were conducted using available traces from University of Brescia, University of Aalborg and University of Cambridge. Experimental results show that the inclusion of inter-arrival time (IAT) as an online feature increases simulation time and decreases classification accuracy and Kappa statistic.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2017

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been observed worldwide in pregnant women and their newborns... more Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been observed worldwide in pregnant women and their newborns. Maternal vitamin D deficiency can lead to deficiency in their newborn baby and has been linked with various complications during pregnancy and delivery. There is risk of premature delivery and it is associated with high neonatal mortality. Methods: Seventy-nine pregnant women who were admitted to the Siddhi Memorial Hospital for delivery and their newborn babies were enrolled in the study. Maternal blood samples were taken before delivery while umbilical cord blood samples of their babies were taken after delivery. Serum vitamin D level and calcium level were assessed by fluorescence immunoassay using Ichromax vitamin D kit and endpoint method, respectively in the Siddhi Memorial Hospital laboratory. Results: Mean +/− SD serum vitamin D and calcium levels in pregnant mother before delivery were 14.6 +/− 8.5 ng/ml and 8.0 +/− 0.5 mg/dl, respectively, and in the cord blood were 25.7 +/− 11.2 ng/ml and 8.6 +/− 0.9 mg/dl, respectively. Eighty-one percent of the mothers and 35.8% of their babies were found to have vitamin D deficiency. Although 97.5% of the pregnant women were taking calcium supplementation, serum calcium was found lower than the normal reference value in 67% of the pregnant women and 64.2% of their babies. There were a linear relationship between the maternal and baby's serum vitamin D (P < 0.001) and calcium (P < 0.001) levels. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of vitamin D and calcium deficiency in pregnant mothers and newborn babies in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Pregnant women need to be supplemented with adequate amounts of these nutrients.

Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology, 2016

This paper presents the design and simulation of a low-power full-band UWB transmitter with on-ch... more This paper presents the design and simulation of a low-power full-band UWB transmitter with on-chip quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) in 130 nm CMOS technology. The proposed transmitter consists of a passive poly-phase filter (PPF), QVCO, quadrature modulator core, and RF power amplifier. The QVCO uses the deferential delay cell architecture with four cascaded stages. The transmitter has the following specs a 15.28 dB average conversion gain with a ripple of ±1dB from 2 GHz to 11 GHz. An average input 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) is ‒10 dBm and the average output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) is 4.35 dBm. The QVCO achieves a wide frequency range (2-11 GHz) with a ‒80 dBc/Hz phase noise. In addition, the supply voltage of the proposed transmitter is 1.2 V with power consumption of 77.8 mW.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2016

This paper proposes a hybrid steganographic approach using the least significant bit (LSB) techni... more This paper proposes a hybrid steganographic approach using the least significant bit (LSB) technique for grayscale images. The proposed approach uses both LSB matching (LSB-M) and LSB replacement to hide the secret data in images. Using hybrid LSB techniques increase the level of security. Thus, attackers cannot easily, if not impossible, extract the secret data. The proposed approach stores two bits in a pixel. The embedding rate can reach up to 1.6 bit per pixel. The proposed approach is evaluated and subjected to various kinds of image processing attacks. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with two other relevant techniques; pixelvalue differencing (PVD) and Complexity Based LSB-M (CBL). Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms PVD in terms of imperceptibility. Also, it significantly outperforms CBL in two main features; higher embedding rate (ER), and more robust to most common image processing attacks such as median filtering, histogram equalization, and rotation.

Management Studies and Economic Systems, 2015

This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the students of Sylhet International Universit... more This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the students of Sylhet International University (SIU), a private university in Bangladesh. The researcher conducted reliability test, descriptive analysis, and chi-square tests and identified a number of key findings as to the enrollment behavior of students through collecting data from a sample of 584 students of SIU. The research shows that the students mostly prefer BBA program followed by LL.B. In the Faculty of Science and Engineering, B.Sc in Computer Science and Engineering gets the highest preference. In Post Graduate level MBA and LL.M programs are the preferred subjects. The most important factor for the students of SIU during admission is the quality of teaching, followed by location of the university, lower tuition fees, hostel facility and course system. Finally, students of SIU are highly satisfied with the image of their university, tuition fees, hostel facility, full time faculty members and quality of teaching. Students are not highly satisfied with the overall performance of their university.

Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology, 2016

The multicore processor architectures have been gaining increasing popularity in the recent years... more The multicore processor architectures have been gaining increasing popularity in the recent years. However, many available applications cannot take full advantage of these architectures. Therefore, many researchers have developed several characterization techniques to help programmers understand the behavior of these applications on multicore platforms and to tune them for better efficiency. This paper proposes an on-the-fly, configuration-independent characterization approach for characterizing the inherent characteristics of multicore applications. This approach is fast, because it does not depend on the details of any specific machine configuration and does not require repeating the characterization for every target configuration. It just keeps track of memory accesses and the cores that perform these accesses through piping memory traces, on-the-fly, to the analysis tool. We applied this approach to characterize eight applications drawn from SPLASH-2 and PARSEC benchmark suites. This paper presents the inherent characteristics of these applications, including memory access instructions, communication characteristics patterns, sharing degree, invalidation degree, communication slack and communication locality. The results show that two of the studied applications have high parallelization overhead, which are Cholesky and Fluidanimate. The results also indicate that the studied applications of SPLASH-2 have higher communication rates than the studied applications of PARSEC and these rates generally increase as the number of used threads increases. Most of the sharing and invalidation occurs in small degrees. However, two of SPLASH-2 applications have significant fraction of communication with high sharing degrees involving four or more threads. Most of the applications have some uniform communication component and the initial thread is generally involved in more communication compared to the other threads.

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, 2001

2019 8th International Conference on Modeling Simulation and Applied Optimization (ICMSAO), 2019

Most of the cores in future many-core system-on-chip (MCSoC) will be off or ‘dark’ to manage the ... more Most of the cores in future many-core system-on-chip (MCSoC) will be off or ‘dark’ to manage the high power density and chip temperature of future chips. This problem is called dark silicon problem. This paper presents a task scheduling technique for optimizing the MCSoC performance under temperature constraint for dark silicon. The proposed technique uses both task migration and dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS) to optimize many-core system performance, while the system temperature is kept in a safe operating range. Task migration improves system performance and balances heat distribution among cores by moving tasks from active cores to dark cores, while DVFS reduces core speed in case of thermal limit violation. Simulation results show that using both task migration and DVFS techniques reduces peak temperature by 12° C and keeps the average system temperature under the thermal limit, while the execution time increased by 16% compared with 50% when only DVFS technique is used.

A large archive of pre-1940 aerial photography of Ethiopia has come to light. The aerial photogra... more A large archive of pre-1940 aerial photography of Ethiopia has come to light. The aerial photographs cover north and central Ethiopia and were acquired by the Italian military geographical institute in 1935-41. The rediscovery of this archive opens new perspectives for change studies as it is the largest set of pre-1940 aerial photos in Africa. As a result of an agreement between Ghent University (Belgium), the Ethiopian Mapping Agency (now Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute) and Mekelle University (Ethiopia), all the photographs in the archive have been digitised. We have availed it to Ethiopian universities, research institutes and to the broader scientific community through a dedicated web interface: http://www.ethiopia1935.ugent.be/

The Scientific World Journal, 2022

Application of biochar on acidic soils may improve soil fertility and crop productivity. This stu... more Application of biochar on acidic soils may improve soil fertility and crop productivity. This study aimed to explore the relevance of parthenium biochar-induced changes in the physicochemical properties and agronomic performance of the selected wheat varieties in acidic soils. A pot trial was used in determining the effect of slow pyrolysis parthenium biochar on acidic soils and the agronomic performance of wheat varieties. A general linear model (GLM) of multivariate analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare functional variation among soil assayed parameters with biochar dosages and years. Biochar-treated acidic soils did not show significant differences in their physical properties. However, a significant incremental trend was observed in the soil moisture content. The biochar-amended acidic soils showed noticeable differences in the soil pH, available phosphorous, and exchangeable bases (Ca, K, and Na) compared to the control. In all soil samples, a decr...

Arab World English Journal, 2020

This paper seeks to intellectually stimulate researchers who are interested in the history of gra... more This paper seeks to intellectually stimulate researchers who are interested in the history of grammar and the long-standing debate about prescriptivism. Contrary to popular belief, there are scholars who still put forward arguments about the significant role played by prescriptive grammar in the development of Modern Standard English. Such counter-arguments are usually absent in many introductory textbooks to linguistics, which portray prescriptive grammar in a negative light. Nonetheless, only by listening to both sides of the debate, researchers can make a more objective judgment, avoid reductionist views, and encourage students of linguistics to engage in critical thinking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to reexamine the accusations made against prescriptive grammar by investigating various sources that give a different perspective on the origins and significance of the prescriptive tradition. The study has found that there is a strong connection between the prescriptive school of grammar and the development and preservation of Modern Standard English. Instead of being an impediment, the prescriptive approach that began in the 18th Century was a historical necessity at a time when linguistic variations were out of proportion and accepted standards were absent. The founders of this school did a great service to the English-speaking world by their contributions to the creation of a standard variety that has facilitated communication between speakers of diverse dialects of English. Unfortunately, the merits of this school have been buried by blanket accusations that lack careful analysis of what the works of prescriptive grammarians contained. The study has also shown how the dismissal of the prescriptive grammar can have negative outcomes and why it is important to reexamine the allegations made against it by modern linguists.

Open Access Library Journal, 2020

The objective of this article is to critically review the effects of Resource Mobilization, Patri... more The objective of this article is to critically review the effects of Resource Mobilization, Patriarchy System and Policy Implementation on Gender Mainstreaming. To effectively tackle gender inequalities, the structures and systems which act as root causes of gender inequality must be addressed. To do this, there should be the mainstream of gender concerns into all policies, programmes and service delivery. Gender Mainstreaming challenges decision-makers to question the assumption that policies and programmes affect everyone in the same way. Thus, the general objective of this article is to critically review the effect of resources mobilization, policy implementation gap and patriarchal ideology on gender mainstreaming. In order to achieve the intended goal, the reviewers critically and systematically reviewed different researches, articles and legal documents. Finally, the reviewers concluded that mainstreaming gender cannot possible without the prerequisites like sufficient resourc...

Organizational processes today are markedly different than they were several years ago. Processes... more Organizational processes today are markedly different than they were several years ago. Processes are what organizations do. When processes become old and inefficient and can‟t deliver results that they were originally designed to, they can‟t cope up the business dynamics in the environment in which they operate, they must be replaced. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a process-based management tool that can deliver, redesign or replace inefficient processes, as required, with a breakthrough results. As such it can be applied to a single process, a group of processes, or the entire processes comprising the organization. The Purpose of this study is to assess the effect of BPR on organizational performance of Water works construction enterprise (WWCE). In the study, both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were employed. The data for current study were obtained from primary and secondary sources. The instrument used to gather data for quantitative study was qu...

Most existing works on application mapping for Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) use either s... more Most existing works on application mapping for Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) use either simulation or analytical modeling to evaluate their mapping solutions. However, the use of these evaluation approaches is not as accurate as prototyping on a real MPSoC system. Rapid prototyping on a reconfigurable logic platform for design space exploration is also not trivial as tasks have to be developed ground-up. This paper proposes a development environment for fast NoC-based MPSoC application prototyping. A conversion method called CAL2NoC is proposed to convert a high-level dataflow model of real-world applications to multiple executable C codes (tasks). These application tasks are executed on emulated Network-on-Chip (NoC) based MPSoC platform and run-time performance traces are collected. CAL2NoC facilitates prototype-based design space exploration for real-world applications using emulated MPSoC platform for practical performance evaluation. As a proof-of-concept, JPEG encoder ...

IEEE Access, 2021

Future many-core systems need to address the dark silicon problem, where some cores would be turn... more Future many-core systems need to address the dark silicon problem, where some cores would be turned off to control the chip's thermal and power density, which effectively limits the performance gain from having a large number of processing cores. Task migration technique has been previously proposed to improve many-core system performance by moving tasks between active and dark cores. As task migration imposes system performance overhead due to the large wake-up latency of the dark cores, this paper proposes a prediction-based early wake-up (PEW) to reduce the dark cores' wake-up latency during task migration. A window-based online ridge regression (RR) is used as the prediction model. The prediction model uses the past window's thermal, power, and core status (i.e., active or dark) to predict the future core temperatures at run-time. If task migration is predicted in the next control period, the proposed PEW puts the dark cores in a power state with low wake-up latency. Thus, the proposed PEW reduces the time for the dark cores to start executing the tasks. The comparison results show that our proposed PEW reduces the completion time by up to 7.9% and 4.1% compared to non-early wake-up (NoEW) and a fixed threshold wake-up (FEW), respectively. It also shows that the proposed PEW increases the MIPS/Watt by up to 5.5% and 2.3% over NoEW and FEW, respectively. These results show that the proposed PEW improves the many-core system's overall performance in terms of reducing dark cores' wake-up latency and increasing the number of executed instructions per Watt. INDEX TERMS Dark silicon, many-core systems, task migration, dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS), ridge regression, early wake-up, dark core wake-up latency.

Electronics, 2020

Future many-core systems need to handle high power density and chip temperature effectively. Some... more Future many-core systems need to handle high power density and chip temperature effectively. Some cores in many-core systems need to be turned off or ‘dark’ to manage chip power and thermal density. This phenomenon is also known as the dark silicon problem. This problem prevents many-core systems from utilizing and gaining improved performance from a large number of processing cores. This paper presents a dynamic thermal-aware performance optimization of dark silicon many-core systems (DTaPO) technique for optimizing dark silicon a many-core system performance under temperature constraint. The proposed technique utilizes both task migration and dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS) for optimizing the performance of a many-core system while keeping system temperature in a safe operating limit. Task migration puts hot cores in low-power states and moves tasks to cooler dark cores to aggressively reduce chip temperature while maintaining high overall system performance. To reduce ta...

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2018

Identification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to thr... more Identification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to throttle high-bandwidth application traffic. Flow features based classification have been previously proposed as promising method to identify Internet traffic based on packet statistical features. The selection of statistical features plays an important role for accurate and timely classification. In this work, we investigate the impact of packet inter-arrival time feature for online P2P classification in terms of accuracy, Kappa statistic and time. Simulations were conducted using available traces from University of Brescia, University of Aalborg and University of Cambridge. Experimental results show that the inclusion of inter-arrival time (IAT) as an online feature increases simulation time and decreases classification accuracy and Kappa statistic.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2017

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been observed worldwide in pregnant women and their newborns... more Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been observed worldwide in pregnant women and their newborns. Maternal vitamin D deficiency can lead to deficiency in their newborn baby and has been linked with various complications during pregnancy and delivery. There is risk of premature delivery and it is associated with high neonatal mortality. Methods: Seventy-nine pregnant women who were admitted to the Siddhi Memorial Hospital for delivery and their newborn babies were enrolled in the study. Maternal blood samples were taken before delivery while umbilical cord blood samples of their babies were taken after delivery. Serum vitamin D level and calcium level were assessed by fluorescence immunoassay using Ichromax vitamin D kit and endpoint method, respectively in the Siddhi Memorial Hospital laboratory. Results: Mean +/− SD serum vitamin D and calcium levels in pregnant mother before delivery were 14.6 +/− 8.5 ng/ml and 8.0 +/− 0.5 mg/dl, respectively, and in the cord blood were 25.7 +/− 11.2 ng/ml and 8.6 +/− 0.9 mg/dl, respectively. Eighty-one percent of the mothers and 35.8% of their babies were found to have vitamin D deficiency. Although 97.5% of the pregnant women were taking calcium supplementation, serum calcium was found lower than the normal reference value in 67% of the pregnant women and 64.2% of their babies. There were a linear relationship between the maternal and baby's serum vitamin D (P < 0.001) and calcium (P < 0.001) levels. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of vitamin D and calcium deficiency in pregnant mothers and newborn babies in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Pregnant women need to be supplemented with adequate amounts of these nutrients.

Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology, 2016

This paper presents the design and simulation of a low-power full-band UWB transmitter with on-ch... more This paper presents the design and simulation of a low-power full-band UWB transmitter with on-chip quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) in 130 nm CMOS technology. The proposed transmitter consists of a passive poly-phase filter (PPF), QVCO, quadrature modulator core, and RF power amplifier. The QVCO uses the deferential delay cell architecture with four cascaded stages. The transmitter has the following specs a 15.28 dB average conversion gain with a ripple of ±1dB from 2 GHz to 11 GHz. An average input 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) is ‒10 dBm and the average output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) is 4.35 dBm. The QVCO achieves a wide frequency range (2-11 GHz) with a ‒80 dBc/Hz phase noise. In addition, the supply voltage of the proposed transmitter is 1.2 V with power consumption of 77.8 mW.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2016

This paper proposes a hybrid steganographic approach using the least significant bit (LSB) techni... more This paper proposes a hybrid steganographic approach using the least significant bit (LSB) technique for grayscale images. The proposed approach uses both LSB matching (LSB-M) and LSB replacement to hide the secret data in images. Using hybrid LSB techniques increase the level of security. Thus, attackers cannot easily, if not impossible, extract the secret data. The proposed approach stores two bits in a pixel. The embedding rate can reach up to 1.6 bit per pixel. The proposed approach is evaluated and subjected to various kinds of image processing attacks. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with two other relevant techniques; pixelvalue differencing (PVD) and Complexity Based LSB-M (CBL). Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms PVD in terms of imperceptibility. Also, it significantly outperforms CBL in two main features; higher embedding rate (ER), and more robust to most common image processing attacks such as median filtering, histogram equalization, and rotation.

Management Studies and Economic Systems, 2015

This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the students of Sylhet International Universit... more This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the students of Sylhet International University (SIU), a private university in Bangladesh. The researcher conducted reliability test, descriptive analysis, and chi-square tests and identified a number of key findings as to the enrollment behavior of students through collecting data from a sample of 584 students of SIU. The research shows that the students mostly prefer BBA program followed by LL.B. In the Faculty of Science and Engineering, B.Sc in Computer Science and Engineering gets the highest preference. In Post Graduate level MBA and LL.M programs are the preferred subjects. The most important factor for the students of SIU during admission is the quality of teaching, followed by location of the university, lower tuition fees, hostel facility and course system. Finally, students of SIU are highly satisfied with the image of their university, tuition fees, hostel facility, full time faculty members and quality of teaching. Students are not highly satisfied with the overall performance of their university.

Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology, 2016

The multicore processor architectures have been gaining increasing popularity in the recent years... more The multicore processor architectures have been gaining increasing popularity in the recent years. However, many available applications cannot take full advantage of these architectures. Therefore, many researchers have developed several characterization techniques to help programmers understand the behavior of these applications on multicore platforms and to tune them for better efficiency. This paper proposes an on-the-fly, configuration-independent characterization approach for characterizing the inherent characteristics of multicore applications. This approach is fast, because it does not depend on the details of any specific machine configuration and does not require repeating the characterization for every target configuration. It just keeps track of memory accesses and the cores that perform these accesses through piping memory traces, on-the-fly, to the analysis tool. We applied this approach to characterize eight applications drawn from SPLASH-2 and PARSEC benchmark suites. This paper presents the inherent characteristics of these applications, including memory access instructions, communication characteristics patterns, sharing degree, invalidation degree, communication slack and communication locality. The results show that two of the studied applications have high parallelization overhead, which are Cholesky and Fluidanimate. The results also indicate that the studied applications of SPLASH-2 have higher communication rates than the studied applications of PARSEC and these rates generally increase as the number of used threads increases. Most of the sharing and invalidation occurs in small degrees. However, two of SPLASH-2 applications have significant fraction of communication with high sharing degrees involving four or more threads. Most of the applications have some uniform communication component and the initial thread is generally involved in more communication compared to the other threads.

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, 2001

2019 8th International Conference on Modeling Simulation and Applied Optimization (ICMSAO), 2019

Most of the cores in future many-core system-on-chip (MCSoC) will be off or ‘dark’ to manage the ... more Most of the cores in future many-core system-on-chip (MCSoC) will be off or ‘dark’ to manage the high power density and chip temperature of future chips. This problem is called dark silicon problem. This paper presents a task scheduling technique for optimizing the MCSoC performance under temperature constraint for dark silicon. The proposed technique uses both task migration and dynamic voltage frequency scaling (DVFS) to optimize many-core system performance, while the system temperature is kept in a safe operating range. Task migration improves system performance and balances heat distribution among cores by moving tasks from active cores to dark cores, while DVFS reduces core speed in case of thermal limit violation. Simulation results show that using both task migration and DVFS techniques reduces peak temperature by 12° C and keeps the average system temperature under the thermal limit, while the execution time increased by 16% compared with 50% when only DVFS technique is used.