sumbal shahbaz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sumbal shahbaz

Research paper thumbnail of Anaesthesia delivery systems in low and lower-middle-income Asian countries: a scoping review of capacity and effectiveness

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiterature on anaesthesia systems in low and lower middle-income countries is l... more ABSTRACTBackgroundLiterature on anaesthesia systems in low and lower middle-income countries is limited, focused on the Africa region, and provides minimal data on anaesthesia or associated disciplines within intensive care, pain management and emergency medicine. We thus conducted a review of primary and secondary research literature on low and lower middle-income countries in the Asia region from 2000-2021, to clarify existing knowledge, important gaps, and possible subsequent steps.MethodsWe applied Arksey and O"Malley"s scoping literature review method to search, screen, extract, and synthesise data under three themes: (i) availability and type of anaesthesia workforce; (ii) anaesthesia system infrastructure, equipment, and supplies; and (iii) effectiveness of anaesthesia provision.ResultsWe included 25 eligible sources of 603 identified. Only ten (40%) were published in the last 5 years and Asian lower-income countries were primarily represented in 15 multi-country so...

Research paper thumbnail of Anaesthesia provision challenges in public hospitals of Pakistan’s Punjab province: a qualitative study of expert perspectives

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Apr 17, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Architectural Conservation Plan of Baha-ul-Haleem’s Tomb, Uch Sharif

Journal of Art, Architecture and Built Environment

It is very important to conserve the built heritage of a country using well integrated sustainabl... more It is very important to conserve the built heritage of a country using well integrated sustainable measures. Indeed, all historical monuments should be appropriately and accurately conserved irrespective of their visibility. The ethics of the conservation of any building, monument, or site pertains to their individual conditions and thus conservation measures should be suggested accordingly. In individual cases of conservation, the set of decisions taken may vary from time to time in response to the condition of the site. Therefore, both tangible and intangible sets of remedies to conserve a particular heritage site should be designed to produce an accumulative solution for its conservation. Keeping in view the conservation of Baha-ul-Halim’s tomb, a detailed and systematic approach has been adopted and proposed in this paper. Different aspects of its conservation have been discussed and future implications are also stated for the sustainable management of this heritage site. Keywor...

Research paper thumbnail of Professional Obstacles to Anaesthesiology Practice in Punjab, Pakistan: Qualitative Study of Consultant Anaesthesiologists’ Perspectives

Global anaesthesia workforce limitations contribute to emigration of skilled anaesthesiologists f... more Global anaesthesia workforce limitations contribute to emigration of skilled anaesthesiologists from lower- to higher-income countries, jeopardizing workforce balance and patient outcomes in Pakistan. This study aims to explore challenges experienced by anaesthesiologists in Punjab, Pakistan’s most populous province, and necessary changes to encourage their retention. We conducted a qualitative study to examine perspectives of anaesthesiologists who chose to serve in Pakistan. We drew data from semi-structured interviews conducted with 25 purposively-sampled consultant anaesthesiologists. We analysed data thematically and distinguished the practice hurdles faced by anaesthesiologists in public and private hospitals of Punjab. The main reasons to work abroad could be broadly categorized under two inductive themes, i.e. practice hurdles in public and private sector. Both had distinct issues which compromised the number and quality of anaesthesia workforce in the country. The key outco...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial Challenges Faced by Female Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is disseminating rapidly, increasing stress ... more Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is disseminating rapidly, increasing stress and challenges for health care professionals around the world. This study aims to discover the psychosocial challenges faced by female health care professionals (HCPs) treating COVID-19 patients in Pakistan.Methods: Using an empirical phenomenological methodology, semi-structured telephone-based qualitative interviews were taken from 22 female HCPs who were providing their expertise for COVID-19 patients in tertiary level hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Purposive sampling has been used for recruitment. The interviews were taken from July 20 to August 20, 2020. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: This study discovered the psychosocial challenges faced by female HCPs serving COVID-19 patients. Five themes have been observed in the interviews: psychological concerns of HCPs while treating COVID-19 patients; feelings towards COVID-19 patients; confidence in governmen...

Research paper thumbnail of Anesthesia Health System Capacities in Public Hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan

Inquiry: A Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing, 2021

Purpose: This study intends to outline the capacity of anesthesia health system in public hospita... more Purpose: This study intends to outline the capacity of anesthesia health system in public hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among public hospitals of Punjab was carried out that provide emergency and elective surgical care. We measured capacity in terms of infrastructure; surgical, anesthetic, and obstetric (SAO) workforce; surgical interventions; information management; equipment; and medication which was accomplished between October 2020 and February 2021. Results: Out of 106 public hospitals in Punjab, almost 40% had only one anesthesia provider. Only 50% of the hospitals reported round the clock availability of anesthesia providers for surgical cases. While caesarean sections were carried out in more than 90% of health facilities, general surgery, pediatric surgery, and open fracture surgery were conducted only in 50% of the hospitals. Although local and general anesthetic agents were available in the majority of hospitals, essential medicines for ...

Research paper thumbnail of Dentifying Mughal and Sikh Architectural Features in a Historic Monument: A Case Study of Haduwri Bagh Barhdari Lahore

Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning, 2021

A country is mainly identified by its cultural heritage. Built form is a means of expressing this... more A country is mainly identified by its cultural heritage. Built form is a means of expressing this heritage in a tangible form Haduwri Bagh barhdari is a magnificent monument of its times. The paper aims to study the architectural features of the barhdari to better understand the architecture of the monument. The objective is to identify and differentiate the elements of Mughal and Sikh Architecture through a case study analysis. Haduwri Bagh barhdari, is located on the west of Alamgiri Gate of Lahore Fort and east of Badshahi Mosque entrance gateway. The barhdari occupies a central position of the Haduwri Bagh making it a perfect symmetrical structure which is in no way dissonant with respect to its context. Even being constructed in Sikh period, barhdari features typical Mughal architectural elements making it doubtful that in which era it was constructed. The paper focuses on the study and analysis of architectural features and materials of the Monument which lies in the midst of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1 of Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study

Additional file 1. Interview guide.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study

BMC Women's Health, 2021

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, increasing the stress a... more Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, increasing the stress and challenges for healthcare professionals around the world. This study aims to discover the psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals (HCPs) treating COVID-19 patients in Pakistan. Methods Using an empirical phenomenological methodology, semi-structured telephone-based qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 female HCPs who were providing their expertise for COVID-19 patients in tertiary-level hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Purposive sampling was used for recruitment. The interviews were conducted between 20 July and 20 August 2020. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results This study explored the psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female HCPs serving COVID-19 patients. Five themes were observed in the interviews: apprehension while treating COVID-19 patients; feelings towards COVID-19...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on university students: Understanding apprehensions through a phenomenographic approach

PLOS ONE, 2021

Limited evidence exists to help understand the experiences of university students in relation to ... more Limited evidence exists to help understand the experiences of university students in relation to the long-term lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For that reason, we conducted a study using a phenomenographic approach in order to understand how university students perceive COVID-19 and the associated lockdown. Data were collected from 25 students in Pakistan. They were asked to demonstrate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in illustrations. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with these students, to gain further insights into their perspectives on the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis revealed four interlinked directions for understanding students’ experiences. These themes were: 1) escape into peace, 2) hope for personal freedom, 3) fear of becoming a victim of COVID-19, and 4) concerns regarding education, future career, and opportunities. All four themes were analyzed and condensed into an outcome space, whic...

Research paper thumbnail of Anaesthesia delivery systems in low and lower-middle-income Asian countries: a scoping review of capacity and effectiveness

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiterature on anaesthesia systems in low and lower middle-income countries is l... more ABSTRACTBackgroundLiterature on anaesthesia systems in low and lower middle-income countries is limited, focused on the Africa region, and provides minimal data on anaesthesia or associated disciplines within intensive care, pain management and emergency medicine. We thus conducted a review of primary and secondary research literature on low and lower middle-income countries in the Asia region from 2000-2021, to clarify existing knowledge, important gaps, and possible subsequent steps.MethodsWe applied Arksey and O"Malley"s scoping literature review method to search, screen, extract, and synthesise data under three themes: (i) availability and type of anaesthesia workforce; (ii) anaesthesia system infrastructure, equipment, and supplies; and (iii) effectiveness of anaesthesia provision.ResultsWe included 25 eligible sources of 603 identified. Only ten (40%) were published in the last 5 years and Asian lower-income countries were primarily represented in 15 multi-country so...

Research paper thumbnail of Anaesthesia provision challenges in public hospitals of Pakistan’s Punjab province: a qualitative study of expert perspectives

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Apr 17, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Architectural Conservation Plan of Baha-ul-Haleem’s Tomb, Uch Sharif

Journal of Art, Architecture and Built Environment

It is very important to conserve the built heritage of a country using well integrated sustainabl... more It is very important to conserve the built heritage of a country using well integrated sustainable measures. Indeed, all historical monuments should be appropriately and accurately conserved irrespective of their visibility. The ethics of the conservation of any building, monument, or site pertains to their individual conditions and thus conservation measures should be suggested accordingly. In individual cases of conservation, the set of decisions taken may vary from time to time in response to the condition of the site. Therefore, both tangible and intangible sets of remedies to conserve a particular heritage site should be designed to produce an accumulative solution for its conservation. Keeping in view the conservation of Baha-ul-Halim’s tomb, a detailed and systematic approach has been adopted and proposed in this paper. Different aspects of its conservation have been discussed and future implications are also stated for the sustainable management of this heritage site. Keywor...

Research paper thumbnail of Professional Obstacles to Anaesthesiology Practice in Punjab, Pakistan: Qualitative Study of Consultant Anaesthesiologists’ Perspectives

Global anaesthesia workforce limitations contribute to emigration of skilled anaesthesiologists f... more Global anaesthesia workforce limitations contribute to emigration of skilled anaesthesiologists from lower- to higher-income countries, jeopardizing workforce balance and patient outcomes in Pakistan. This study aims to explore challenges experienced by anaesthesiologists in Punjab, Pakistan’s most populous province, and necessary changes to encourage their retention. We conducted a qualitative study to examine perspectives of anaesthesiologists who chose to serve in Pakistan. We drew data from semi-structured interviews conducted with 25 purposively-sampled consultant anaesthesiologists. We analysed data thematically and distinguished the practice hurdles faced by anaesthesiologists in public and private hospitals of Punjab. The main reasons to work abroad could be broadly categorized under two inductive themes, i.e. practice hurdles in public and private sector. Both had distinct issues which compromised the number and quality of anaesthesia workforce in the country. The key outco...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial Challenges Faced by Female Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is disseminating rapidly, increasing stress ... more Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is disseminating rapidly, increasing stress and challenges for health care professionals around the world. This study aims to discover the psychosocial challenges faced by female health care professionals (HCPs) treating COVID-19 patients in Pakistan.Methods: Using an empirical phenomenological methodology, semi-structured telephone-based qualitative interviews were taken from 22 female HCPs who were providing their expertise for COVID-19 patients in tertiary level hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Purposive sampling has been used for recruitment. The interviews were taken from July 20 to August 20, 2020. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: This study discovered the psychosocial challenges faced by female HCPs serving COVID-19 patients. Five themes have been observed in the interviews: psychological concerns of HCPs while treating COVID-19 patients; feelings towards COVID-19 patients; confidence in governmen...

Research paper thumbnail of Anesthesia Health System Capacities in Public Hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan

Inquiry: A Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing, 2021

Purpose: This study intends to outline the capacity of anesthesia health system in public hospita... more Purpose: This study intends to outline the capacity of anesthesia health system in public hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among public hospitals of Punjab was carried out that provide emergency and elective surgical care. We measured capacity in terms of infrastructure; surgical, anesthetic, and obstetric (SAO) workforce; surgical interventions; information management; equipment; and medication which was accomplished between October 2020 and February 2021. Results: Out of 106 public hospitals in Punjab, almost 40% had only one anesthesia provider. Only 50% of the hospitals reported round the clock availability of anesthesia providers for surgical cases. While caesarean sections were carried out in more than 90% of health facilities, general surgery, pediatric surgery, and open fracture surgery were conducted only in 50% of the hospitals. Although local and general anesthetic agents were available in the majority of hospitals, essential medicines for ...

Research paper thumbnail of Dentifying Mughal and Sikh Architectural Features in a Historic Monument: A Case Study of Haduwri Bagh Barhdari Lahore

Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning, 2021

A country is mainly identified by its cultural heritage. Built form is a means of expressing this... more A country is mainly identified by its cultural heritage. Built form is a means of expressing this heritage in a tangible form Haduwri Bagh barhdari is a magnificent monument of its times. The paper aims to study the architectural features of the barhdari to better understand the architecture of the monument. The objective is to identify and differentiate the elements of Mughal and Sikh Architecture through a case study analysis. Haduwri Bagh barhdari, is located on the west of Alamgiri Gate of Lahore Fort and east of Badshahi Mosque entrance gateway. The barhdari occupies a central position of the Haduwri Bagh making it a perfect symmetrical structure which is in no way dissonant with respect to its context. Even being constructed in Sikh period, barhdari features typical Mughal architectural elements making it doubtful that in which era it was constructed. The paper focuses on the study and analysis of architectural features and materials of the Monument which lies in the midst of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1 of Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study

Additional file 1. Interview guide.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study

BMC Women's Health, 2021

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, increasing the stress a... more Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, increasing the stress and challenges for healthcare professionals around the world. This study aims to discover the psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals (HCPs) treating COVID-19 patients in Pakistan. Methods Using an empirical phenomenological methodology, semi-structured telephone-based qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 female HCPs who were providing their expertise for COVID-19 patients in tertiary-level hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Purposive sampling was used for recruitment. The interviews were conducted between 20 July and 20 August 2020. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results This study explored the psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female HCPs serving COVID-19 patients. Five themes were observed in the interviews: apprehension while treating COVID-19 patients; feelings towards COVID-19...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on university students: Understanding apprehensions through a phenomenographic approach

PLOS ONE, 2021

Limited evidence exists to help understand the experiences of university students in relation to ... more Limited evidence exists to help understand the experiences of university students in relation to the long-term lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For that reason, we conducted a study using a phenomenographic approach in order to understand how university students perceive COVID-19 and the associated lockdown. Data were collected from 25 students in Pakistan. They were asked to demonstrate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in illustrations. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with these students, to gain further insights into their perspectives on the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis revealed four interlinked directions for understanding students’ experiences. These themes were: 1) escape into peace, 2) hope for personal freedom, 3) fear of becoming a victim of COVID-19, and 4) concerns regarding education, future career, and opportunities. All four themes were analyzed and condensed into an outcome space, whic...