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Papers by suneha patil

Research paper thumbnail of Direct (hetero)arylation (DHAP) polymerization of conjugated polymers – new A–B–A monomer design for P(NDI2OD-T2) & the challenges of adopting DHAP for continuous flow processes

Journal of Materials Chemistry C

Defect-free high molecular weight P(NDI2OD-T2) by a new A–B–A monomer design.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative understanding of nucleation and growth kinetics of silver nanowires

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021

We have demonstrated that using polyol synthesis, it is possible to prepare high aspect ratio sil... more We have demonstrated that using polyol synthesis, it is possible to prepare high aspect ratio silver nanowires by controlling the experiments for process related issues which are usually ignored, viz. the overhead space in the batch reactor. It is found that by controlling the presence/absence of NOx gases with refluxing of nitric acid in the batch reactor with an overhead space of 80% volume, near complete conversion (~99%) of high aspect ratio NWs (~1000) can be attained. We provide a detailed understanding of other factors assisting in rapid polyol synthesis like temperature, stirring rate, Chloride ion concentration, optimal PVP weight ratios and PVP/AgNO3 ratio that can lead to high aspect ratio NWs. Besides the process parameters and reagent concentration effects, kinetic studies based on our nucleation and R-C Model evaluate the overall reaction rate constants for silver nanowires and the JMAK approach is used to theoretically validate our experimental results of the reactor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inkjet printing of silver nanowires on flexible surfaces and methodologies to improve the conductivity and stability of the printed patterns

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are known to be used for printing on rigid as well as flexible surfaces.... more Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are known to be used for printing on rigid as well as flexible surfaces. Here we have developed a systematic approach for using AgNWs synthesized by the polyol method for printing on flexible surfaces using a simple inkjet printing method. Optimized ink formulation used in this work comprises a mixture of Ag NWs suspended in ethylene glycol directly taken after synthesis and isopropyl alcohol. Using such formulation saves time and loss of material while transferring to other solvents, which is the usual practice. The printed patterns demonstrate high conductivity and stability over many months, which can revolutionize the applications of functional nanomaterials in low-cost printed electronics. The importance of fragmentation of nanowires only to achieve specific aspect ratios, to facilitate easy jetting and to prevent clogging is demonstrated. Varied concentrations (10 mg mL−1 to 50 mg mL−1) of Ag NWs are used in ink formulations in order to print highly co...

Research paper thumbnail of Design and scale-up of continuous di-nitration reaction using pinched tube flow reactor

Journal of Flow Chemistry, 2021

Scale-up of the di-nitration reaction for synthesis of selective herbicide pendimethalin using on... more Scale-up of the di-nitration reaction for synthesis of selective herbicide pendimethalin using only nitric acid in continuous flow is presented in this work. This work showcases an approach for smooth scale-up for an herbicide for a production capacity of 50 kg/day using a pinched tube reactor. The approach begins with the batch experiments followed by flow synthesis using a 1/8-inchSS316 helical coil tube where kinetics of the di-nitration was determined, and process optimization was done. Systematic approach was followed for quantification of heat transfer, mass transfer and residence time distribution and scale-up. Detailed scale-up methodology is presented with effect of relevant parameters for successful scale-up. Modular pilot plant with inline quenching, extraction and separation are some of the salient features presented in this work.

Research paper thumbnail of 3 Continuous flow methods for synthesis of functional materials

Flow Chemistry – Applications

Research paper thumbnail of Insight into nitric acid extraction and aggregation of N, N, N', N'-Tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA) in organic solutions by molecular dynamics simulation

The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of TODGA in n-dodecane shows formation of nanostructures o... more The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of TODGA in n-dodecane shows formation of nanostructures of TODGA aggregates with nitric acid and water. These aggregates are dispersed in dodecane phase or form well defined reverse micelles grown sufficient in size depending on the acid concentration. With increasing nitric acid concentration, aggregation number of TODGA in reverse micelles also increases which, however, is independent of TODGA concentration. Aggregation number rises from 2 to 8 in presence of 0–3.5 M nitric acid in corresponding aqueous phase. The formation of the aggregates explains remarkable acid co-extraction from aqueous phase to organic dodecane phase by TODGA.

Research paper thumbnail of Direct (hetero)arylation (DHAP) polymerization of conjugated polymers – new A–B–A monomer design for P(NDI2OD-T2) & the challenges of adopting DHAP for continuous flow processes

Journal of Materials Chemistry C

Defect-free high molecular weight P(NDI2OD-T2) by a new A–B–A monomer design.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative understanding of nucleation and growth kinetics of silver nanowires

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021

We have demonstrated that using polyol synthesis, it is possible to prepare high aspect ratio sil... more We have demonstrated that using polyol synthesis, it is possible to prepare high aspect ratio silver nanowires by controlling the experiments for process related issues which are usually ignored, viz. the overhead space in the batch reactor. It is found that by controlling the presence/absence of NOx gases with refluxing of nitric acid in the batch reactor with an overhead space of 80% volume, near complete conversion (~99%) of high aspect ratio NWs (~1000) can be attained. We provide a detailed understanding of other factors assisting in rapid polyol synthesis like temperature, stirring rate, Chloride ion concentration, optimal PVP weight ratios and PVP/AgNO3 ratio that can lead to high aspect ratio NWs. Besides the process parameters and reagent concentration effects, kinetic studies based on our nucleation and R-C Model evaluate the overall reaction rate constants for silver nanowires and the JMAK approach is used to theoretically validate our experimental results of the reactor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inkjet printing of silver nanowires on flexible surfaces and methodologies to improve the conductivity and stability of the printed patterns

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are known to be used for printing on rigid as well as flexible surfaces.... more Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are known to be used for printing on rigid as well as flexible surfaces. Here we have developed a systematic approach for using AgNWs synthesized by the polyol method for printing on flexible surfaces using a simple inkjet printing method. Optimized ink formulation used in this work comprises a mixture of Ag NWs suspended in ethylene glycol directly taken after synthesis and isopropyl alcohol. Using such formulation saves time and loss of material while transferring to other solvents, which is the usual practice. The printed patterns demonstrate high conductivity and stability over many months, which can revolutionize the applications of functional nanomaterials in low-cost printed electronics. The importance of fragmentation of nanowires only to achieve specific aspect ratios, to facilitate easy jetting and to prevent clogging is demonstrated. Varied concentrations (10 mg mL−1 to 50 mg mL−1) of Ag NWs are used in ink formulations in order to print highly co...

Research paper thumbnail of Design and scale-up of continuous di-nitration reaction using pinched tube flow reactor

Journal of Flow Chemistry, 2021

Scale-up of the di-nitration reaction for synthesis of selective herbicide pendimethalin using on... more Scale-up of the di-nitration reaction for synthesis of selective herbicide pendimethalin using only nitric acid in continuous flow is presented in this work. This work showcases an approach for smooth scale-up for an herbicide for a production capacity of 50 kg/day using a pinched tube reactor. The approach begins with the batch experiments followed by flow synthesis using a 1/8-inchSS316 helical coil tube where kinetics of the di-nitration was determined, and process optimization was done. Systematic approach was followed for quantification of heat transfer, mass transfer and residence time distribution and scale-up. Detailed scale-up methodology is presented with effect of relevant parameters for successful scale-up. Modular pilot plant with inline quenching, extraction and separation are some of the salient features presented in this work.

Research paper thumbnail of 3 Continuous flow methods for synthesis of functional materials

Flow Chemistry – Applications

Research paper thumbnail of Insight into nitric acid extraction and aggregation of N, N, N', N'-Tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA) in organic solutions by molecular dynamics simulation

The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of TODGA in n-dodecane shows formation of nanostructures o... more The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of TODGA in n-dodecane shows formation of nanostructures of TODGA aggregates with nitric acid and water. These aggregates are dispersed in dodecane phase or form well defined reverse micelles grown sufficient in size depending on the acid concentration. With increasing nitric acid concentration, aggregation number of TODGA in reverse micelles also increases which, however, is independent of TODGA concentration. Aggregation number rises from 2 to 8 in presence of 0–3.5 M nitric acid in corresponding aqueous phase. The formation of the aggregates explains remarkable acid co-extraction from aqueous phase to organic dodecane phase by TODGA.

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