syed musharraf - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by syed musharraf

Research paper thumbnail of BPJ Vol 14 No 3 p 1647-1653 (1)

Research paper thumbnail of Safety Assessment of Topical Formulation of Nicotinamide Gel (2%), (3%) and (4%) on Skin of Normal Healthy New Zealand White Albino Rabbits

Research journal of pharmaceutical, biological and chemical sciences, 2014

ABSTRACT Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination w... more ABSTRACT Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the safety profile of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India on skin of normal healthy New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The safety assessment was done for the single dose topical application of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel by the Draize skin test method in New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel did not cause any erythema and edema in the skin of New Zealand White Albino rabbits like the control group. The primary irritation index was found to be zero which indicates the non-irritant nature of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel. Further, clinical evaluation has to be performed to precisely define the long term dermal safety of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% of human subjects.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of the aqueous extract of vitex negundo on induced endometriosis in sprague dawley rats

Research paper thumbnail of Safety Assessment of Topical Formulation of Nicotinamide Gel (2%), (3%) and (4%) on Skin of Normal Healthy New Zealand White Albino Rabbits

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc ... more Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the safety profile of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India on skin of normal healthy New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The safety assessment was done for the single dose topical application of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel by the Draize skin test method in New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel did not cause any erythema and edema in the skin of New Zealand White Albino rabbits like the control group. The primary irritation index was found to be zero which indicates the non-irritant nature of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel. Further, clinical evaluation has to be performed to precisely define the long term dermal sa...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of topical recombinant lysostaphin against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus infection in a mouse burn wound model

Increased incidence of antibiotic resistant S. aureus infections has spurred the need for new ant... more Increased incidence of antibiotic resistant S. aureus infections has spurred the need for new antimicrobial agents. Lysostaphin is an antistaphylococcal agent, which cleaves the pentaglycine cross bridges of S. aureus cell wall leading to its lysis. Antimicrobial activity of r-lysostaphin was tested against 73 MRSA isolates by the disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibition concentration. Burn wound MRSA infected mice were treated with mupirocin and r-lysostaphin for a period of 5 days. All the MRSA isolates were sensitive to r-lysostaphin (50 μg/disc) with a zone of inhibition ranging from 14 to 17 mm and the MIC ranged between 0.25 to 2 μg/ml. The MRSA count in untreated group was 108 CFUs/g tissue. Mupirocin showed 3 log reduction (105 CFUs/g tissue) in bacterial count and r-lysostaphin significantly reduced >5 log (103CFUs/g tissue) in bacterial count as compared to the untreated group. Hence, r-Lysostaphin can be used as an effective alternative treatment for MRSA infections.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Notchi kudineer (Vitex negundo aqueous extract) on surgically induced Endometriosis in Sprague Dawley rats

International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of croton oil-induced oedema in rat ear skin by topical nicotinamide gel

Pharmacologyonline

Nicotinamide,a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc i... more Nicotinamide,a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India) against croton oil-induced ear oedema skin inflammatory model in Wistar rats. Ear oedema was induced by topical application of irritant solution of croton oil to the right ear only. A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly grouped into four groups each containing six animals. Croton oil-induced ear oedema control rats (Group I) and Nicotinamide gel 2% (Group II), 3% (Group III) and 4% (Group IV) dissolved in the irritant solution of croton oil was applied for 21 days. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel significantly reduced the oedema (p<0.001) in comparison with the croton o...

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of zincoderm G cream against wound infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Sprague-Dawley rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2015

Rencana ini mengkaji perkembangan wacana Sir Thomas Raffles ke atas Islam yang diamalkan orang Me... more Rencana ini mengkaji perkembangan wacana Sir Thomas Raffles ke atas Islam yang diamalkan orang Melayu. Adalah dihujahkan bahawa wacana ini beralih daripada kekaguman terhadap Islam kepada kepercayaan bahawa ia telah membawa keburukan ke Alam Melayu. Peralihan strategi wacana ini dengan menyangka pentingnya Islam di Alam Melayu adalah perlu kerana beberapa sebab. Menafikan kepentingan dan sumbangan Islam, Raffles dan konco-konconya, telah membuka Alam Melayu luas kepada potensi masuknya mubaligh dan untuk dijadikan tanah penjajahan. Selain itu, dengan membesarbesarkan penindasan dan kezaliman sistem sebelum kedatangan British, Raffles ingin membuat publisiti tentang dasarnya yang bersifat suka membuat kebajikan. Yang paling penting, seperti yang akan ditunjukkan dalam rencana ini, ialah cara-cara Raffles gunakan pengaruh ideologi dominan dan epistemologi di persekitarannya untuk merendah-rendahkan Islam.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of two different formulations of zincovit tablets on galactose induced cataract in rats

Research journal of pharmaceutical, biological and chemical sciences, 2016

Diabetes is one of the major cause for development of early cataract. Control of blood sugar and ... more Diabetes is one of the major cause for development of early cataract. Control of blood sugar and enhancement of antioxidant defense remain important goals in the prevention of diabetic cataract. Multivitamins may prevent or delay the development of cataract by their antioxidant action. Hence a commercially available nutrient supplement namely Zincovit tablet along with grape seed extract was tested against experimentally induced diabetic cataract. A total of 48 rats were used in this experiment. Diabetic cataract was induced in 42 rats by administration of 0.5 ml of 50% galactose for 45 days. All the animals including normal control were divided into eight groups (n=6). The rats were given two formulations of Zincovit tablets (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg) along with 0.5 ml of 50% galactose orally to their respective groups for 45 days. Eye was examined daily to check cataract formation. On 46th day, the rats were sacrificed and lens was separated for estimation of glutathione peroxidase (G...

Research paper thumbnail of BPJ Vol 14 No 3 p 1647-1653 (1)

Research paper thumbnail of Safety Assessment of Topical Formulation of Nicotinamide Gel (2%), (3%) and (4%) on Skin of Normal Healthy New Zealand White Albino Rabbits

Research journal of pharmaceutical, biological and chemical sciences, 2014

ABSTRACT Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination w... more ABSTRACT Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the safety profile of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India on skin of normal healthy New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The safety assessment was done for the single dose topical application of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel by the Draize skin test method in New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel did not cause any erythema and edema in the skin of New Zealand White Albino rabbits like the control group. The primary irritation index was found to be zero which indicates the non-irritant nature of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel. Further, clinical evaluation has to be performed to precisely define the long term dermal safety of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% of human subjects.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of the aqueous extract of vitex negundo on induced endometriosis in sprague dawley rats

Research paper thumbnail of Safety Assessment of Topical Formulation of Nicotinamide Gel (2%), (3%) and (4%) on Skin of Normal Healthy New Zealand White Albino Rabbits

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc ... more Nicotinamide, a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the safety profile of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India on skin of normal healthy New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The safety assessment was done for the single dose topical application of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel by the Draize skin test method in New Zealand White Albino rabbits. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel did not cause any erythema and edema in the skin of New Zealand White Albino rabbits like the control group. The primary irritation index was found to be zero which indicates the non-irritant nature of Nicotinamide 2%, 3% and 4% gel. Further, clinical evaluation has to be performed to precisely define the long term dermal sa...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of topical recombinant lysostaphin against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus infection in a mouse burn wound model

Increased incidence of antibiotic resistant S. aureus infections has spurred the need for new ant... more Increased incidence of antibiotic resistant S. aureus infections has spurred the need for new antimicrobial agents. Lysostaphin is an antistaphylococcal agent, which cleaves the pentaglycine cross bridges of S. aureus cell wall leading to its lysis. Antimicrobial activity of r-lysostaphin was tested against 73 MRSA isolates by the disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibition concentration. Burn wound MRSA infected mice were treated with mupirocin and r-lysostaphin for a period of 5 days. All the MRSA isolates were sensitive to r-lysostaphin (50 μg/disc) with a zone of inhibition ranging from 14 to 17 mm and the MIC ranged between 0.25 to 2 μg/ml. The MRSA count in untreated group was 108 CFUs/g tissue. Mupirocin showed 3 log reduction (105 CFUs/g tissue) in bacterial count and r-lysostaphin significantly reduced >5 log (103CFUs/g tissue) in bacterial count as compared to the untreated group. Hence, r-Lysostaphin can be used as an effective alternative treatment for MRSA infections.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Notchi kudineer (Vitex negundo aqueous extract) on surgically induced Endometriosis in Sprague Dawley rats

International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of croton oil-induced oedema in rat ear skin by topical nicotinamide gel

Pharmacologyonline

Nicotinamide,a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc i... more Nicotinamide,a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Consequently the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Nicotinamide gel 2%, 3% and 4% (Apex Laboratories Private Limited, Chennai, India) against croton oil-induced ear oedema skin inflammatory model in Wistar rats. Ear oedema was induced by topical application of irritant solution of croton oil to the right ear only. A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly grouped into four groups each containing six animals. Croton oil-induced ear oedema control rats (Group I) and Nicotinamide gel 2% (Group II), 3% (Group III) and 4% (Group IV) dissolved in the irritant solution of croton oil was applied for 21 days. The topical application of Nicotinamide gel significantly reduced the oedema (p<0.001) in comparison with the croton o...

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of zincoderm G cream against wound infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Sprague-Dawley rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2015

Rencana ini mengkaji perkembangan wacana Sir Thomas Raffles ke atas Islam yang diamalkan orang Me... more Rencana ini mengkaji perkembangan wacana Sir Thomas Raffles ke atas Islam yang diamalkan orang Melayu. Adalah dihujahkan bahawa wacana ini beralih daripada kekaguman terhadap Islam kepada kepercayaan bahawa ia telah membawa keburukan ke Alam Melayu. Peralihan strategi wacana ini dengan menyangka pentingnya Islam di Alam Melayu adalah perlu kerana beberapa sebab. Menafikan kepentingan dan sumbangan Islam, Raffles dan konco-konconya, telah membuka Alam Melayu luas kepada potensi masuknya mubaligh dan untuk dijadikan tanah penjajahan. Selain itu, dengan membesarbesarkan penindasan dan kezaliman sistem sebelum kedatangan British, Raffles ingin membuat publisiti tentang dasarnya yang bersifat suka membuat kebajikan. Yang paling penting, seperti yang akan ditunjukkan dalam rencana ini, ialah cara-cara Raffles gunakan pengaruh ideologi dominan dan epistemologi di persekitarannya untuk merendah-rendahkan Islam.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of two different formulations of zincovit tablets on galactose induced cataract in rats

Research journal of pharmaceutical, biological and chemical sciences, 2016

Diabetes is one of the major cause for development of early cataract. Control of blood sugar and ... more Diabetes is one of the major cause for development of early cataract. Control of blood sugar and enhancement of antioxidant defense remain important goals in the prevention of diabetic cataract. Multivitamins may prevent or delay the development of cataract by their antioxidant action. Hence a commercially available nutrient supplement namely Zincovit tablet along with grape seed extract was tested against experimentally induced diabetic cataract. A total of 48 rats were used in this experiment. Diabetic cataract was induced in 42 rats by administration of 0.5 ml of 50% galactose for 45 days. All the animals including normal control were divided into eight groups (n=6). The rats were given two formulations of Zincovit tablets (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg) along with 0.5 ml of 50% galactose orally to their respective groups for 45 days. Eye was examined daily to check cataract formation. On 46th day, the rats were sacrificed and lens was separated for estimation of glutathione peroxidase (G...