takele adugna - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by takele adugna

The Society Of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Dec 1, 2016

Korea Digital Design Society, Apr 1, 2012

The Korean Society for Psoriasis, Dec 1, 2019

Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports

The economic and health implications of brucellosis are of particular concern in developing count... more The economic and health implications of brucellosis are of particular concern in developing countries, primarily in the vulnerable sector of rural herders. A cross-sectional study was done in Boran breeds to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis, identify risk variables and assess public health implications in Borena zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia in the questionnaire survey. Methods: The sampling animals were chosen from smallholders using a simple random sampling procedure. The study involved a total of 788 animals. Animals of both sex and different age groups with the age of 6 months or above found during the study interval were included. The Rose Bengal plate test was used to screen sera, and positive samples were subsequently retested using a Direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for confirmation. Results: The overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 7.6% (60/788) in the Direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay test. Herd size, age, history of abortion, testicular hygroma, and retained fetal membrane were statistical significance for the Brucella seropositivity (P<0.05). Whereas, district, sex, body condition score, and management did not influence the disease occurrence (P>0.05). The majority of the participants, 91.7% (55/60) did not aware of the zoonotic implications of brucellosis. Only 10% (6/60) of interviewed respondents disposed of aborted fetuses and retained fetal membrane properly and the rest 90% (54/60) left in the environment. Ninety percent and 83.3% of the respondents revealed that they consumed raw milk and meat, respectively. Conclusion: The presence of Brucella infection is highly correlated with age, history of abortion, and testicular hygroma. According to the collected data: sex, body condition score, district, and management had no statistically significant effect on Brucella occurrence. The majority of respondents were unaware of the disease's zoonotic consequences. Finally, creating community awareness about its transmission, zoonotic significance, and hygienic practices were recommended.

Abstract: Background: Hypocalcemia is the most important metabolic problems commonly affect trans... more Abstract: Background: Hypocalcemia is the most important metabolic problems commonly affect transition dairy cows. (Sub) clinical hypocalcemia also prone the cow to an increased risk of several transition period problems. The current cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2018 to estimate prevalence and identify associated risk factors of hypocalcaemia and other peri- and early post-partum period problems of dairy cows in North-Western Ethiopia specifically: Bahir Dar, Debretabor and Gondar. Methods : Data of 1527 cows was collected by face to face interview from 288 dairy farmers by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serum calcium level was measured from blood samples collected within 12-48 hours of calving from 88 cows that have given birth during the study period. Ordinary and mixed logistic regressions with random herd effect models were used to check the association between the variables. Results : Prevalence of peri- and early post-partum reproductive...

A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 in selected districts of No... more A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 in selected districts of North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Regional State with the objective of assessing the prevalence of the most frequently encountered bacterial pathogens from mastitis cows, udder and evaluates their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. The study animals were lactating local zebu and crossbred (Holstein X zebu) cows'. Structured questionnaire, bacterial isolation and identification procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were employed as a data collection tools. Of 100 farm and individual cow owners participated in this study, 90%, 80% and 50% of them reported that mastitis occurred due to dirty bedding, tick infestation and sleeping on hot and humid ground, respectively. Analysis of risk factors indicated that climatic condition, breed, body condition, milk yielding potential, number of lactation, stage of lactation, tick infestation and physical injury were the main risk factors for the occurrence of mastitis in the study setting, (p < 0.05). The bacteriological investigation part revealed that staphylococcus species are the most frequently isolated bacteria (84.6%) followed by E.coli (6.7%) and bacillus species (3.4%). S.aureus and S.epidemitis were most commonly isolated species of Staphylococcus genus taking the leading and second position, respectively. The highest resistance pattern was observed in Staphylococcus species; particularly S.aureus, even to the level of 100% for some antimicrobials commonly used both in veterinary and human medicine practice. In the current study ,the worst antimicrobial resistance exhibited was against Penicillin G which was 100% for all of bacterial species exposed to it .As a conclusion ,mastitis is highly prevalent in the study area orchestrated by different risk factors and implicated by different drug resistance bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be carried out before any antimicrobial treatment regimen for any mastitis cases.

Blood transfusion is a process of transfer of homogenous blood from one individual to another of ... more Blood transfusion is a process of transfer of homogenous blood from one individual to another of same species and most common practice to save the critically ill patient having acute hemolysis or hemorrhage and/or chronic anemia. This review highlights indications of blood transfusion and also management of the associated complications in large animals. The needs to transfuse each blood components are depend on the patient’s condition and their indication. Fresh whole blood (FWB) is indicated for excessive hemorrhage and bleeding disorders; packed red blood cell (pRBC) for treatment of anemia caused by hemorrhage, hemolysis, or ineffective erythropoiesis; fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for the treatment of a single or multiple clotting factor deficiency, vitamin K deficiency or antagonism, surgical bleeding or where a massive transfusion is required. Platelets correct thrombocytopenia, control associated hemorrhage, and prevent death from bleeding whereas granulocyte transfusion is used ...

This paper provides information on the review of iron deficiency in piglets and reviews the diagn... more This paper provides information on the review of iron deficiency in piglets and reviews the diagnosis, treatment and prevention measures of iron deficiency. Swine production, among other species has a high potential to contribute to high economic gain in the world. In the tropics, pigs have been raised under various husbandry practices including free range feeding tethering and confinement. Pigs require feeds that contain balanced nutrients for their normal body activities, minerals are essential parts of nutrients required for the maintenance of regular body functions in pigs. Among those minerals, the trace element iron occurs commonly in soil and is actually more abundant than many of the macro element and it also widely distributed in foods. Iron is a vital component of every living thing. The deficiency of iron, caused by lower composition of iron in the body of piglets, produces major problems including a wide range of abnormalities such as anemia, growth retardation and epith...

The objectives of this review was to know the existing animal feed resources availability and ass... more The objectives of this review was to know the existing animal feed resources availability and associated risks and to set livestock feed resources improvement strategies in the country. Ethiopia is one of Sub-Sahara African country. Its topography consists of a high central plateau and extensive lowland plain area to the south and southeast with varying altitude. Agriculture is the base of the country’s economy in which livestock contributes 20% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 40% to the gross value of annual agriculture output. The agro-ecological conditions of the different parts of the country determine the type of crop and animal production. In the country animal can be produce in three systems which are extensive (pastorals and ranching), semi-intensive (mixed crop-livestock) and intensive production. Feed stuff for those production systems can be grouped in to two which are concentrate and roughage. In Ethiopia the source of animal feed are natural pasture, crop residues a...

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by snail intermediate hosts. It is one of the ... more Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by snail intermediate hosts. It is one of the most wide spread zoonotic disease which is endemic in many developing countries of the tropics and sub tropics causing considerable loss in humans and animals. The disease affects rural communities particularly those who depend upon irrigation to support their agriculture. Currently it affects between 200 and 300 million people in around 74 countries. The great majority (80-85%) of schistosomiasis is found in sub-Saharan Africa. Schistosomiasis is caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma that live in the alimentary tract, bladder, as well as hepatic and nasal veins of humans and animals. Effective transmission of schistosomiasis occurs when the schistosome parasites, the aquatic snail hosts and the human or animal definitive hosts meet in space and time in surface water. The pathological changes with the disease are attributed by the adult parasite, cercaria and the eggs of the...

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of ruminal disorde... more A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of ruminal disorders with identification of pathophysiological changes of rumen fluid and blood in sheep from January to June, 2019 in and around Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. One hundred seventy two sheep were selected by systematic random sampling technique and 21 apparently healthy sheep were selected by purposive sampling technique. Complete case history and clinical signs were recorded. Samples (rumen fluid and blood) were collected and analysed in the laboratory. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20. The prevalence of ruminal disorders in sheep was 55.2% and identified major types of ruminal disorders were simple indigestion (25.6%), ruminal acidosis (20.35%), ruminal tympany (5%) and ruminal alkalosis (4.1%). The most prominent clinical signs recorded in sheep with ruminal disorders were anorexia and inappetence followed by diarrhoea, dullness, dehydration, bloat and abdominal pain. Rumin...

The Society Of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Dec 1, 2016

Korea Digital Design Society, Apr 1, 2012

The Korean Society for Psoriasis, Dec 1, 2019

Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports

The economic and health implications of brucellosis are of particular concern in developing count... more The economic and health implications of brucellosis are of particular concern in developing countries, primarily in the vulnerable sector of rural herders. A cross-sectional study was done in Boran breeds to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis, identify risk variables and assess public health implications in Borena zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia in the questionnaire survey. Methods: The sampling animals were chosen from smallholders using a simple random sampling procedure. The study involved a total of 788 animals. Animals of both sex and different age groups with the age of 6 months or above found during the study interval were included. The Rose Bengal plate test was used to screen sera, and positive samples were subsequently retested using a Direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for confirmation. Results: The overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 7.6% (60/788) in the Direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay test. Herd size, age, history of abortion, testicular hygroma, and retained fetal membrane were statistical significance for the Brucella seropositivity (P<0.05). Whereas, district, sex, body condition score, and management did not influence the disease occurrence (P>0.05). The majority of the participants, 91.7% (55/60) did not aware of the zoonotic implications of brucellosis. Only 10% (6/60) of interviewed respondents disposed of aborted fetuses and retained fetal membrane properly and the rest 90% (54/60) left in the environment. Ninety percent and 83.3% of the respondents revealed that they consumed raw milk and meat, respectively. Conclusion: The presence of Brucella infection is highly correlated with age, history of abortion, and testicular hygroma. According to the collected data: sex, body condition score, district, and management had no statistically significant effect on Brucella occurrence. The majority of respondents were unaware of the disease's zoonotic consequences. Finally, creating community awareness about its transmission, zoonotic significance, and hygienic practices were recommended.

Abstract: Background: Hypocalcemia is the most important metabolic problems commonly affect trans... more Abstract: Background: Hypocalcemia is the most important metabolic problems commonly affect transition dairy cows. (Sub) clinical hypocalcemia also prone the cow to an increased risk of several transition period problems. The current cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2018 to estimate prevalence and identify associated risk factors of hypocalcaemia and other peri- and early post-partum period problems of dairy cows in North-Western Ethiopia specifically: Bahir Dar, Debretabor and Gondar. Methods : Data of 1527 cows was collected by face to face interview from 288 dairy farmers by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serum calcium level was measured from blood samples collected within 12-48 hours of calving from 88 cows that have given birth during the study period. Ordinary and mixed logistic regressions with random herd effect models were used to check the association between the variables. Results : Prevalence of peri- and early post-partum reproductive...

A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 in selected districts of No... more A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 in selected districts of North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Regional State with the objective of assessing the prevalence of the most frequently encountered bacterial pathogens from mastitis cows, udder and evaluates their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. The study animals were lactating local zebu and crossbred (Holstein X zebu) cows'. Structured questionnaire, bacterial isolation and identification procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were employed as a data collection tools. Of 100 farm and individual cow owners participated in this study, 90%, 80% and 50% of them reported that mastitis occurred due to dirty bedding, tick infestation and sleeping on hot and humid ground, respectively. Analysis of risk factors indicated that climatic condition, breed, body condition, milk yielding potential, number of lactation, stage of lactation, tick infestation and physical injury were the main risk factors for the occurrence of mastitis in the study setting, (p < 0.05). The bacteriological investigation part revealed that staphylococcus species are the most frequently isolated bacteria (84.6%) followed by E.coli (6.7%) and bacillus species (3.4%). S.aureus and S.epidemitis were most commonly isolated species of Staphylococcus genus taking the leading and second position, respectively. The highest resistance pattern was observed in Staphylococcus species; particularly S.aureus, even to the level of 100% for some antimicrobials commonly used both in veterinary and human medicine practice. In the current study ,the worst antimicrobial resistance exhibited was against Penicillin G which was 100% for all of bacterial species exposed to it .As a conclusion ,mastitis is highly prevalent in the study area orchestrated by different risk factors and implicated by different drug resistance bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be carried out before any antimicrobial treatment regimen for any mastitis cases.

Blood transfusion is a process of transfer of homogenous blood from one individual to another of ... more Blood transfusion is a process of transfer of homogenous blood from one individual to another of same species and most common practice to save the critically ill patient having acute hemolysis or hemorrhage and/or chronic anemia. This review highlights indications of blood transfusion and also management of the associated complications in large animals. The needs to transfuse each blood components are depend on the patient’s condition and their indication. Fresh whole blood (FWB) is indicated for excessive hemorrhage and bleeding disorders; packed red blood cell (pRBC) for treatment of anemia caused by hemorrhage, hemolysis, or ineffective erythropoiesis; fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for the treatment of a single or multiple clotting factor deficiency, vitamin K deficiency or antagonism, surgical bleeding or where a massive transfusion is required. Platelets correct thrombocytopenia, control associated hemorrhage, and prevent death from bleeding whereas granulocyte transfusion is used ...

This paper provides information on the review of iron deficiency in piglets and reviews the diagn... more This paper provides information on the review of iron deficiency in piglets and reviews the diagnosis, treatment and prevention measures of iron deficiency. Swine production, among other species has a high potential to contribute to high economic gain in the world. In the tropics, pigs have been raised under various husbandry practices including free range feeding tethering and confinement. Pigs require feeds that contain balanced nutrients for their normal body activities, minerals are essential parts of nutrients required for the maintenance of regular body functions in pigs. Among those minerals, the trace element iron occurs commonly in soil and is actually more abundant than many of the macro element and it also widely distributed in foods. Iron is a vital component of every living thing. The deficiency of iron, caused by lower composition of iron in the body of piglets, produces major problems including a wide range of abnormalities such as anemia, growth retardation and epith...

The objectives of this review was to know the existing animal feed resources availability and ass... more The objectives of this review was to know the existing animal feed resources availability and associated risks and to set livestock feed resources improvement strategies in the country. Ethiopia is one of Sub-Sahara African country. Its topography consists of a high central plateau and extensive lowland plain area to the south and southeast with varying altitude. Agriculture is the base of the country’s economy in which livestock contributes 20% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 40% to the gross value of annual agriculture output. The agro-ecological conditions of the different parts of the country determine the type of crop and animal production. In the country animal can be produce in three systems which are extensive (pastorals and ranching), semi-intensive (mixed crop-livestock) and intensive production. Feed stuff for those production systems can be grouped in to two which are concentrate and roughage. In Ethiopia the source of animal feed are natural pasture, crop residues a...

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by snail intermediate hosts. It is one of the ... more Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by snail intermediate hosts. It is one of the most wide spread zoonotic disease which is endemic in many developing countries of the tropics and sub tropics causing considerable loss in humans and animals. The disease affects rural communities particularly those who depend upon irrigation to support their agriculture. Currently it affects between 200 and 300 million people in around 74 countries. The great majority (80-85%) of schistosomiasis is found in sub-Saharan Africa. Schistosomiasis is caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma that live in the alimentary tract, bladder, as well as hepatic and nasal veins of humans and animals. Effective transmission of schistosomiasis occurs when the schistosome parasites, the aquatic snail hosts and the human or animal definitive hosts meet in space and time in surface water. The pathological changes with the disease are attributed by the adult parasite, cercaria and the eggs of the...

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of ruminal disorde... more A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of ruminal disorders with identification of pathophysiological changes of rumen fluid and blood in sheep from January to June, 2019 in and around Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. One hundred seventy two sheep were selected by systematic random sampling technique and 21 apparently healthy sheep were selected by purposive sampling technique. Complete case history and clinical signs were recorded. Samples (rumen fluid and blood) were collected and analysed in the laboratory. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20. The prevalence of ruminal disorders in sheep was 55.2% and identified major types of ruminal disorders were simple indigestion (25.6%), ruminal acidosis (20.35%), ruminal tympany (5%) and ruminal alkalosis (4.1%). The most prominent clinical signs recorded in sheep with ruminal disorders were anorexia and inappetence followed by diarrhoea, dullness, dehydration, bloat and abdominal pain. Rumin...