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Papers by uchenna omeje

PubMed, Oct 30, 2023

Introduction: Various factors influence the expression of dental anxiety (DA) among patients. Kno... more Introduction: Various factors influence the expression of dental anxiety (DA) among patients. Knowledge of these factors may aid the management of mandibular third molar (M3) dis-impaction patients. Aim: The study aimed to determine the predictive and relative factors of DA among Mandibular third molar (M3) dis-impaction patients at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano, Nigeria. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional type conducted at the Oral Surgery clinic of AKTH, Kano among M3 dis-impaction patients between September 2016 and August 2017. Biodata and information on the past dental history of the participants were collected and recorded. The level of anxiety of participants was assessed with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows (IBM SPSS statistic version 23). The significance level in the study was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients comprising 62(55.2%) males and 54(44.8%) females were recruited. The sample's median age was 27 years and the majority of the participants were students (n=49,42.2%). The participants' MDAS scores ranged from 5 to 22 with a median score of 11. Females (median MDAS score of 12.50) were significantly (p<0.0001) more anxious than males (median MDAS score of 9.00). Bivariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in DA of the categories of the following independent variables - gender (p<0.0001), ethnicity (p=0.041), occupational status (p=0.044), previous surgical extraction experience (p=0.006), previous bad dental treatment experience (p<0.0001) and history of postponement of dental treatment due to anxiety(p<0.0001). Binary logistic regression analysis with these variables as independent predictors of DA showed that only gender (p=0.013) and previous surgical extraction experience (p=0.042) had statistically significant odds of predicting dental anxiety among the patients. Females had significantly higher odds of being anxious than males [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 4.180, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.359 to 12.852] and patients with previous surgical extraction experience had higher odds of being anxious than those without surgical extraction experience [adjusted OR=3.65, 95% CI=1.02 to 13.03]. Conclusion: The predictors of DA in the study are female gender and previous surgical extraction experience. These and other DA-related factors such as patients' occupation and previous bad dental treatment experiences should be considered preoperatively to identify and manage anxious M3 dis-impaction patients.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, May 1, 2019

on lab test at admission was significantly higher at Ramadan patients (p = 0.008). Most important... more on lab test at admission was significantly higher at Ramadan patients (p = 0.008). Most importantly, lab tests suggest dehydration (BUN/Creatinine rate) were significantly higher in Ramadan patients (p = 0.014). There is evidence that fasting and subsequent dehydration in Ramadan may increase the risk for developing sialoadenitis compared to non-fasting months.

Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences

Context: With regard to disposal of medical and dental hazardous wastes, proper guidelines have b... more Context: With regard to disposal of medical and dental hazardous wastes, proper guidelines have been set in place by the occupational safety and health administration. However, the same cannot be said of patients concerning appropriate disposal of gauze routinely placed to control bleeding from extraction socket and other oral surgery procedures. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the post-extraction instructions given to patients on the disposal of blood-soaked gauze were adequate across Nigeria. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey through an electronically transmitted self-administered closed anonymous questionnaire adapted from Franklin and Laskin, 2014. This survey was conducted amongst dentists who are involved in exodontia in the dental schools or in the adjoining university teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Results: There were 95 participants who completed the questionnaire out of 120 dental surgeons to whom the questionnaires were sent giving a response rate of about 79.1%. Of the 95 participants, 75 (78.9%) were male and 20 (21.1%) were female giving a male-to-female ratio (M:F) of 3.75:1. About 46 (48.4%) agreed to providing patients with post-operative instruction sheet after extraction or any other oral surgical procedure whereas 47.4% do not provide. Amongst those who gave instruction, the majority (23.2%) asked the patients to dispose of it in the bin followed by 4.2% who just asked the patients to dispose of it. Conclusion: This study has shown that majority of the dentists in Nigeria do not provide adequate information regarding disposal of gauze placed in the mouth postoperatively, and this may potentially pose a risk to transmission of deadly blood-borne infection with the attendant negative health effect.

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery

Background: Paediatric mandibular fractures unlike adult mandibular fractures are said to be rare... more Background: Paediatric mandibular fractures unlike adult mandibular fractures are said to be rare. When not recognised early, they may be associated with significant problems such abnormal mandibular growth. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of paediatric patients with mandibular fractures presenting to a university teaching hospital from August 1999 to December 2019. Information sourced from patient’s case notes and operating records included age, sex, aetiology, investigation, concomitant injuries, treatment and complications. The retrieved data were recorded in a personal computer, analysed with appropriate statistical tool and presented in tables and figures. Results: A total of 550 patients who presented with mandibular fractures within the period of the study constituted the study population. Of these, 84 (15.3%) occurred in the paediatric age group. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 17 years with a mean age of 10.3 ± 5.0 years and the...

Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences, 2021

Context: The management of mass casualty events caused by terrorist-related suicide bombings in d... more Context: The management of mass casualty events caused by terrorist-related suicide bombings in densely populated areas is often challenging. Aims: This study describes the pattern of injuries, the emergency response following a suicide bombing in Nigeria in 2014 and compares the outcomes to those of other incidents. Settings and Design: A retrospective analysis of cases that presented to a major tertiary care center was done. Methods and Material: Medical records of 50 patients who experienced bomb blast or gunshot wounds during 28th November, 2014 suicide bombing of the Kano Central Mosque were reviewed and 12 eyewitnesses were interviewed. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was done while major themes were identified from the key informant interviews. Results: Fifty patients were admitted at the acute care center within 4 hours. There was a male predilection (98%), with a median age of 30 years (IQR, interquartile range = 37.5 years). Most injuri...

Anaesthesia, 2021

SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this stu... more SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30‐day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30‐day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30‐day mortality in patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4–1.5). In patients with a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery wi...

Nigerian Journal of Research in Orofacial Infections & Oncology, Jul 20, 2020

South Sudan Medical Journal, 2016

Background. An analysis of maxillofacial mortality was done in a Nigerian tertiary health care ce... more Background. An analysis of maxillofacial mortality was done in a Nigerian tertiary health care centre to determine the major causes of mortality and identify possible predisposing factors in our environment. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of mortality in maxillofacial surgery department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 was done. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Results. A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 males (76.1%) and 11 (23.9%) females. The mean age of the deceased patients was 40.0±13.0years. Orofacial infections (41.3%) and advanced (stage IV) orofacial malignancies (28.3%) accounted for most deaths. Conclusion. Fascial space infections and orofacial malignancies contribute largely to mortality in our setting. Late presentation was a major factor predisposing to mortality.

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2021

Background Neoplasms both benign and malignant are the most common indications for parotidectomy.... more Background Neoplasms both benign and malignant are the most common indications for parotidectomy. About 70%-80% of all salivary gland tumours are located in the parotid gland with up to 80% being benign. Parotidectomy is a common surgical procedure performed by the otorhinolaryngologist and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Aims This study aimed to document our experience on parotid gland surgeries, and occurrence of facial nerve palsy. Materials and Methods The records of all patients that had parotidectomy between January 2014 and December 2018 were evaluated. Demographic, clinical and operative data were retrieved and analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution version 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results A total of 34 cases were reviewed and there were 12 (35.3%) males and 22 (64.7%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.8 and mean age ± standard deviation of 39.3 ± 18.4 years. Patients with primary disease constituted the majority 29 (85.3%...

South Sudan Medical Journal, 2016

RESULTS: A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 m... more RESULTS: A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 males (76.1%) and 11 (23.9%) females. The mean age of the deceased patients was 40.0±13.0 years. Orofacial infections (41.3%) and advanced (stage IV) orofacial malignancies (28.3%) accounted for most deaths. CONCLUSION: Fascial space infections and orofacial malignancies contribute largely to mortality in our setting. Late presentation was a major factor predisposing to mortality.

Objective: Culture is the way of life of a people; and is an integral component of their day-to-d... more Objective: Culture is the way of life of a people; and is an integral component of their day-to-day existence. It influences the daily routine of a people, including their diet, dressing, religious disposition, and surprisingly, the degree to which orthodox medical practices impact their daily lives. Appreciating underlying cultural context will help health care workers influence patient's perceptions, especially where cultural practices are not in tandem with medical best practices. This is important, for example, in administration of informed consent for surgery. This study explored cultural beliefs of patients in relation to some common maxillofacial practices in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: Patient's perceptions on oral cancers, use of nasogastric tubes, and tooth extraction was conducted amongst patients attending maxillofacial outpatient clinic of a tertiary Nigerian hospital from January to December 2015 using a non-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire.Results...

Objective: Insurgents use terrorism as a tactic to push government to accede their demands Report... more Objective: Insurgents use terrorism as a tactic to push government to accede their demands Reports on the injuries inflicted by Boko Haram insurgency are not many. One from Maiduguri found out that over 90% of those affected are male. The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of oral and maxillofacial injuries encountered during the BH insurgency in the Nigerian North Western states of Kano and Kaduna Methods: A retrospective study covering patients brought from terrorist and other attacks by BH in the North Western Nigerian States of Kaduna and Kano seen at 3 tertiary care centres from 2010 to 2015 was conducted. Results: A total of 56 cases were seen in study and the ratio of 17.7:1. The mean age in years and standard deviation (SD) were 31.3 (9.70) years. The third decade was where most of the victims (37.5%) were found. Over 90% of the victims were brought to the accident and emergency center within 1-3 hours of sustaining injuries. Conclusion: The management of v...

Objective: Admissions of Maxillofacial surgery patient's are on the rise. However, search of ... more Objective: Admissions of Maxillofacial surgery patient's are on the rise. However, search of English literature shows that there has not been any audit on pattern of maxillofacial admission done in any Nigerian hospital. The objective of the study was to review the indications and pattern of maxillofacial surgery admission in a Nigerian Teaching hospital over a 5-year period. Methods: A retrospective review of the pattern of maxillofacial admissions in a Teaching Hospital in North-West Nigeria from January 2011 to December 2015. Sources of information included maxillofacial ward admission records; patients' case files, accident and emergency records and patients discharge registers. Results: One thousand one hundred and thirty (1,130) patients were admitted into the maxillofacial ward during the study period with an overall gender ratio of 1:1.25. 260 patients were admitted as emergencies while 870 patients were admitted on elective basis. Review of treatment given showed t...

Objective: The growing global public health concern of workplace assaults has necessitated that w... more Objective: The growing global public health concern of workplace assaults has necessitated that workers’ health and safety be given same priority as patient’s safety. The study assessed the prevalence of workplace assault and its’ impact on service delivery among dental professionals at tertiary hospitals in Northern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 60 dental professionals working in tertiary hospitals actively involved in undergraduate and postgraduate trainings for dental workforce in Northern Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selection of respondents and participation was voluntary. Data was collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0 and p-value ? 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical approval was received. Results: Sixty percent dentists and 40.0% dental auxiliaries participated in the study. Assault prevalence was 38.3% observed more among dental professionals ...

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health

Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating.... more Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating. The development of odontogenic infections within the period of pregnancy may endanger the life of the mother as well as that of her unborn baby. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of cases of cervicofacial infection in women during pregnancy was conducted at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of a northern Nigerian tertiary health care center from January 2006 to June 2018. Results: Seventy women were managed for cervicofacial infection during the period reviewed, out of which 20 women (28.6%) presented during pregnancy. Their mean age was 33.8 ± 9.35 years with a range of 20 to 55 years. The 30-39 years age bracket had the highest frequency (40%) and the mean duration of pregnancy at presentation was 24.9 ± 11.12 weeks with a range between 10 to 36 weeks. Majority (n=15, 75.0%) presented in the 3rd trimester. At presentation, the frequently involved fasci...

Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine

Background: Closure of the cleft palate defect without tension is frequently a challenge. Many su... more Background: Closure of the cleft palate defect without tension is frequently a challenge. Many surgical techniques exist for cleft palate repair. These techniques mostly inculcate some form of palatal flap mobilization. Adequate mobilization of the palatal flaps can achieve closure without tension, thereby reducing the incidence of palatal fistulae. Aim: This article aims to describe and illustrate a simplified technique of palatal flap mobilization in cleft palate repairs. Materials and method: A descriptive narrative of cleft palatal repair was done with emphasis on a simplified technique for palatal flap mobilization. Variations of this technique for von Langenbeck, Bardach, and isolated soft palatal repairs are also described with illustrations. Conclusion: A simplified technique of palatal mobilization can enhance palatal cleft closure without tension, thereby reducing incidence of palatal fistulas.

Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine

Nigeria, the world’s largest congregation of black Africans and the most populous country in Afri... more Nigeria, the world’s largest congregation of black Africans and the most populous country in Africa, is a plural country with multiple cultures, languages, and religions. Its centrality to the African context, its huge, teeming population, and its vast untapped potential make it crucial for a discussion on organization of healthcare in Africa. Unfortunately, despite its enviable appellate, “Giant of Africa,” it has a checkered history of political instability, civil strife, and socioeconomic upheavals that have hindered all spheres of human endeavors, especially the health sector.

Journal of Stomatology

Introduction: Despite the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxilla... more Introduction: Despite the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxillary sinus may be ideal in certain situations. Objectives: This retrospective study reviews the relevance of, and the indications for, an external approach to the maxillary sinus via Caldwell-Luc operation or its modifications in a health resource-limited setting. Material and methods: Data from case notes and operating records of patients who had the Caldwell-Luc operation or its modifications between January 2004 and June 2018 at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of a University Teaching Hospital were retrospectively studied. Findings from descriptive statistics are represented in the form of tables and charts. Results: A total of 26 patients had the Caldwell-Luc operation within the period reviewed, and this consisted of 16 (61.5%) males and 10 (38.5%) females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.6 : 1. Patients' ages ranged from 10 to 45 years with a mean of 31.0 ± 8.8 years. The paediatric age group accounted for only 11.5% of cases. The main indication for performing the Caldwell-Luc operation was chronic maxillary sinusitis (n = 14; 53.8%), and occipitomental radiograph (n = 24; 92.3%) was the main imaging modality used for assessment. Compliance with follow-up review was poor. Conclusions: Despite the advent of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxillary sinus using the Caldwell-Luc operation is still relevant, especially in health resource-limited settings.

Archives of International Surgery

Background: Recent advances in anesthesia and the need to manage patients' perioperative anxi... more Background: Recent advances in anesthesia and the need to manage patients' perioperative anxiety along with escalating healthcare costs have resulted in an increasing number of surgical procedures being performed under local anesthesia (LA) especially as day-case surgeries worldwide. To report our experience with performing oral and maxillofacial surgeries under LA highlighting the advantages and limitations. Patients and Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent maxillofacial surgical procedures under LA at Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, over a 2-year period (January 2014–December 2015). Information collated included the patients' demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, surgical operations performed, duration of hospitalization, and complications recorded. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: A total of 92 patients comprising 58 males and 34 females with varying maxillofacial conditions were operated during the period of the study. Their ages ranged from 12 to 60 years with a mean age of 32 ± 4.4 years. The complications recorded in the patients included three cases of malocclusion (3.2%), one case of wound dehiscence (1.1%), paraesthesia of the lower lip in one patient (1.1%), and cardiac arrest in one patient (1.1%). Conclusion: Maxillofacial surgery under LA is a cost-effective approach to surgery with good outcomes in this environment.

Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology, 2017

Myxomas are a group of benign rare tumors of connective-tissue origin that occur in both hard (ce... more Myxomas are a group of benign rare tumors of connective-tissue origin that occur in both hard (central) and soft tissues of the body. The aim of this study is to highlight our experience in the management of central myxoma of the jaw, with emphasis on its clinic-epidemiologic features as seen in our environment. All patients who were managed for central myxoma of the jaw at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department of a regional University Teaching Hospital between September 1997 and October 2015 were retrospectively studied. Details sourced included age, sex, site of tumor, duration, signs/symptoms, treatment given, and complications. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA). Results from descriptive statistics were represented in the form of tables and charts, with a test for significance (using Pearson Chi-square (χ) set at 0.05. A total of 16 patient...

PubMed, Oct 30, 2023

Introduction: Various factors influence the expression of dental anxiety (DA) among patients. Kno... more Introduction: Various factors influence the expression of dental anxiety (DA) among patients. Knowledge of these factors may aid the management of mandibular third molar (M3) dis-impaction patients. Aim: The study aimed to determine the predictive and relative factors of DA among Mandibular third molar (M3) dis-impaction patients at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano, Nigeria. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional type conducted at the Oral Surgery clinic of AKTH, Kano among M3 dis-impaction patients between September 2016 and August 2017. Biodata and information on the past dental history of the participants were collected and recorded. The level of anxiety of participants was assessed with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows (IBM SPSS statistic version 23). The significance level in the study was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients comprising 62(55.2%) males and 54(44.8%) females were recruited. The sample's median age was 27 years and the majority of the participants were students (n=49,42.2%). The participants' MDAS scores ranged from 5 to 22 with a median score of 11. Females (median MDAS score of 12.50) were significantly (p<0.0001) more anxious than males (median MDAS score of 9.00). Bivariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in DA of the categories of the following independent variables - gender (p<0.0001), ethnicity (p=0.041), occupational status (p=0.044), previous surgical extraction experience (p=0.006), previous bad dental treatment experience (p<0.0001) and history of postponement of dental treatment due to anxiety(p<0.0001). Binary logistic regression analysis with these variables as independent predictors of DA showed that only gender (p=0.013) and previous surgical extraction experience (p=0.042) had statistically significant odds of predicting dental anxiety among the patients. Females had significantly higher odds of being anxious than males [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 4.180, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.359 to 12.852] and patients with previous surgical extraction experience had higher odds of being anxious than those without surgical extraction experience [adjusted OR=3.65, 95% CI=1.02 to 13.03]. Conclusion: The predictors of DA in the study are female gender and previous surgical extraction experience. These and other DA-related factors such as patients' occupation and previous bad dental treatment experiences should be considered preoperatively to identify and manage anxious M3 dis-impaction patients.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, May 1, 2019

on lab test at admission was significantly higher at Ramadan patients (p = 0.008). Most important... more on lab test at admission was significantly higher at Ramadan patients (p = 0.008). Most importantly, lab tests suggest dehydration (BUN/Creatinine rate) were significantly higher in Ramadan patients (p = 0.014). There is evidence that fasting and subsequent dehydration in Ramadan may increase the risk for developing sialoadenitis compared to non-fasting months.

Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences

Context: With regard to disposal of medical and dental hazardous wastes, proper guidelines have b... more Context: With regard to disposal of medical and dental hazardous wastes, proper guidelines have been set in place by the occupational safety and health administration. However, the same cannot be said of patients concerning appropriate disposal of gauze routinely placed to control bleeding from extraction socket and other oral surgery procedures. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the post-extraction instructions given to patients on the disposal of blood-soaked gauze were adequate across Nigeria. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey through an electronically transmitted self-administered closed anonymous questionnaire adapted from Franklin and Laskin, 2014. This survey was conducted amongst dentists who are involved in exodontia in the dental schools or in the adjoining university teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Results: There were 95 participants who completed the questionnaire out of 120 dental surgeons to whom the questionnaires were sent giving a response rate of about 79.1%. Of the 95 participants, 75 (78.9%) were male and 20 (21.1%) were female giving a male-to-female ratio (M:F) of 3.75:1. About 46 (48.4%) agreed to providing patients with post-operative instruction sheet after extraction or any other oral surgical procedure whereas 47.4% do not provide. Amongst those who gave instruction, the majority (23.2%) asked the patients to dispose of it in the bin followed by 4.2% who just asked the patients to dispose of it. Conclusion: This study has shown that majority of the dentists in Nigeria do not provide adequate information regarding disposal of gauze placed in the mouth postoperatively, and this may potentially pose a risk to transmission of deadly blood-borne infection with the attendant negative health effect.

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery

Background: Paediatric mandibular fractures unlike adult mandibular fractures are said to be rare... more Background: Paediatric mandibular fractures unlike adult mandibular fractures are said to be rare. When not recognised early, they may be associated with significant problems such abnormal mandibular growth. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of paediatric patients with mandibular fractures presenting to a university teaching hospital from August 1999 to December 2019. Information sourced from patient’s case notes and operating records included age, sex, aetiology, investigation, concomitant injuries, treatment and complications. The retrieved data were recorded in a personal computer, analysed with appropriate statistical tool and presented in tables and figures. Results: A total of 550 patients who presented with mandibular fractures within the period of the study constituted the study population. Of these, 84 (15.3%) occurred in the paediatric age group. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 17 years with a mean age of 10.3 ± 5.0 years and the...

Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences, 2021

Context: The management of mass casualty events caused by terrorist-related suicide bombings in d... more Context: The management of mass casualty events caused by terrorist-related suicide bombings in densely populated areas is often challenging. Aims: This study describes the pattern of injuries, the emergency response following a suicide bombing in Nigeria in 2014 and compares the outcomes to those of other incidents. Settings and Design: A retrospective analysis of cases that presented to a major tertiary care center was done. Methods and Material: Medical records of 50 patients who experienced bomb blast or gunshot wounds during 28th November, 2014 suicide bombing of the Kano Central Mosque were reviewed and 12 eyewitnesses were interviewed. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was done while major themes were identified from the key informant interviews. Results: Fifty patients were admitted at the acute care center within 4 hours. There was a male predilection (98%), with a median age of 30 years (IQR, interquartile range = 37.5 years). Most injuri...

Anaesthesia, 2021

SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this stu... more SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30‐day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30‐day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30‐day mortality in patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4–1.5). In patients with a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery wi...

Nigerian Journal of Research in Orofacial Infections & Oncology, Jul 20, 2020

South Sudan Medical Journal, 2016

Background. An analysis of maxillofacial mortality was done in a Nigerian tertiary health care ce... more Background. An analysis of maxillofacial mortality was done in a Nigerian tertiary health care centre to determine the major causes of mortality and identify possible predisposing factors in our environment. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of mortality in maxillofacial surgery department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 was done. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Results. A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 males (76.1%) and 11 (23.9%) females. The mean age of the deceased patients was 40.0±13.0years. Orofacial infections (41.3%) and advanced (stage IV) orofacial malignancies (28.3%) accounted for most deaths. Conclusion. Fascial space infections and orofacial malignancies contribute largely to mortality in our setting. Late presentation was a major factor predisposing to mortality.

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2021

Background Neoplasms both benign and malignant are the most common indications for parotidectomy.... more Background Neoplasms both benign and malignant are the most common indications for parotidectomy. About 70%-80% of all salivary gland tumours are located in the parotid gland with up to 80% being benign. Parotidectomy is a common surgical procedure performed by the otorhinolaryngologist and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Aims This study aimed to document our experience on parotid gland surgeries, and occurrence of facial nerve palsy. Materials and Methods The records of all patients that had parotidectomy between January 2014 and December 2018 were evaluated. Demographic, clinical and operative data were retrieved and analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution version 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results A total of 34 cases were reviewed and there were 12 (35.3%) males and 22 (64.7%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.8 and mean age ± standard deviation of 39.3 ± 18.4 years. Patients with primary disease constituted the majority 29 (85.3%...

South Sudan Medical Journal, 2016

RESULTS: A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 m... more RESULTS: A mortality rate of 1.8% (46 deaths from 2,540 admissions) was recorded. There were 35 males (76.1%) and 11 (23.9%) females. The mean age of the deceased patients was 40.0±13.0 years. Orofacial infections (41.3%) and advanced (stage IV) orofacial malignancies (28.3%) accounted for most deaths. CONCLUSION: Fascial space infections and orofacial malignancies contribute largely to mortality in our setting. Late presentation was a major factor predisposing to mortality.

Objective: Culture is the way of life of a people; and is an integral component of their day-to-d... more Objective: Culture is the way of life of a people; and is an integral component of their day-to-day existence. It influences the daily routine of a people, including their diet, dressing, religious disposition, and surprisingly, the degree to which orthodox medical practices impact their daily lives. Appreciating underlying cultural context will help health care workers influence patient's perceptions, especially where cultural practices are not in tandem with medical best practices. This is important, for example, in administration of informed consent for surgery. This study explored cultural beliefs of patients in relation to some common maxillofacial practices in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: Patient's perceptions on oral cancers, use of nasogastric tubes, and tooth extraction was conducted amongst patients attending maxillofacial outpatient clinic of a tertiary Nigerian hospital from January to December 2015 using a non-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire.Results...

Objective: Insurgents use terrorism as a tactic to push government to accede their demands Report... more Objective: Insurgents use terrorism as a tactic to push government to accede their demands Reports on the injuries inflicted by Boko Haram insurgency are not many. One from Maiduguri found out that over 90% of those affected are male. The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of oral and maxillofacial injuries encountered during the BH insurgency in the Nigerian North Western states of Kano and Kaduna Methods: A retrospective study covering patients brought from terrorist and other attacks by BH in the North Western Nigerian States of Kaduna and Kano seen at 3 tertiary care centres from 2010 to 2015 was conducted. Results: A total of 56 cases were seen in study and the ratio of 17.7:1. The mean age in years and standard deviation (SD) were 31.3 (9.70) years. The third decade was where most of the victims (37.5%) were found. Over 90% of the victims were brought to the accident and emergency center within 1-3 hours of sustaining injuries. Conclusion: The management of v...

Objective: Admissions of Maxillofacial surgery patient's are on the rise. However, search of ... more Objective: Admissions of Maxillofacial surgery patient's are on the rise. However, search of English literature shows that there has not been any audit on pattern of maxillofacial admission done in any Nigerian hospital. The objective of the study was to review the indications and pattern of maxillofacial surgery admission in a Nigerian Teaching hospital over a 5-year period. Methods: A retrospective review of the pattern of maxillofacial admissions in a Teaching Hospital in North-West Nigeria from January 2011 to December 2015. Sources of information included maxillofacial ward admission records; patients' case files, accident and emergency records and patients discharge registers. Results: One thousand one hundred and thirty (1,130) patients were admitted into the maxillofacial ward during the study period with an overall gender ratio of 1:1.25. 260 patients were admitted as emergencies while 870 patients were admitted on elective basis. Review of treatment given showed t...

Objective: The growing global public health concern of workplace assaults has necessitated that w... more Objective: The growing global public health concern of workplace assaults has necessitated that workers’ health and safety be given same priority as patient’s safety. The study assessed the prevalence of workplace assault and its’ impact on service delivery among dental professionals at tertiary hospitals in Northern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 60 dental professionals working in tertiary hospitals actively involved in undergraduate and postgraduate trainings for dental workforce in Northern Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selection of respondents and participation was voluntary. Data was collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0 and p-value ? 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical approval was received. Results: Sixty percent dentists and 40.0% dental auxiliaries participated in the study. Assault prevalence was 38.3% observed more among dental professionals ...

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health

Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating.... more Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating. The development of odontogenic infections within the period of pregnancy may endanger the life of the mother as well as that of her unborn baby. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of cases of cervicofacial infection in women during pregnancy was conducted at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of a northern Nigerian tertiary health care center from January 2006 to June 2018. Results: Seventy women were managed for cervicofacial infection during the period reviewed, out of which 20 women (28.6%) presented during pregnancy. Their mean age was 33.8 ± 9.35 years with a range of 20 to 55 years. The 30-39 years age bracket had the highest frequency (40%) and the mean duration of pregnancy at presentation was 24.9 ± 11.12 weeks with a range between 10 to 36 weeks. Majority (n=15, 75.0%) presented in the 3rd trimester. At presentation, the frequently involved fasci...

Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine

Background: Closure of the cleft palate defect without tension is frequently a challenge. Many su... more Background: Closure of the cleft palate defect without tension is frequently a challenge. Many surgical techniques exist for cleft palate repair. These techniques mostly inculcate some form of palatal flap mobilization. Adequate mobilization of the palatal flaps can achieve closure without tension, thereby reducing the incidence of palatal fistulae. Aim: This article aims to describe and illustrate a simplified technique of palatal flap mobilization in cleft palate repairs. Materials and method: A descriptive narrative of cleft palatal repair was done with emphasis on a simplified technique for palatal flap mobilization. Variations of this technique for von Langenbeck, Bardach, and isolated soft palatal repairs are also described with illustrations. Conclusion: A simplified technique of palatal mobilization can enhance palatal cleft closure without tension, thereby reducing incidence of palatal fistulas.

Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine

Nigeria, the world’s largest congregation of black Africans and the most populous country in Afri... more Nigeria, the world’s largest congregation of black Africans and the most populous country in Africa, is a plural country with multiple cultures, languages, and religions. Its centrality to the African context, its huge, teeming population, and its vast untapped potential make it crucial for a discussion on organization of healthcare in Africa. Unfortunately, despite its enviable appellate, “Giant of Africa,” it has a checkered history of political instability, civil strife, and socioeconomic upheavals that have hindered all spheres of human endeavors, especially the health sector.

Journal of Stomatology

Introduction: Despite the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxilla... more Introduction: Despite the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxillary sinus may be ideal in certain situations. Objectives: This retrospective study reviews the relevance of, and the indications for, an external approach to the maxillary sinus via Caldwell-Luc operation or its modifications in a health resource-limited setting. Material and methods: Data from case notes and operating records of patients who had the Caldwell-Luc operation or its modifications between January 2004 and June 2018 at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of a University Teaching Hospital were retrospectively studied. Findings from descriptive statistics are represented in the form of tables and charts. Results: A total of 26 patients had the Caldwell-Luc operation within the period reviewed, and this consisted of 16 (61.5%) males and 10 (38.5%) females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.6 : 1. Patients' ages ranged from 10 to 45 years with a mean of 31.0 ± 8.8 years. The paediatric age group accounted for only 11.5% of cases. The main indication for performing the Caldwell-Luc operation was chronic maxillary sinusitis (n = 14; 53.8%), and occipitomental radiograph (n = 24; 92.3%) was the main imaging modality used for assessment. Compliance with follow-up review was poor. Conclusions: Despite the advent of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, an external approach to the maxillary sinus using the Caldwell-Luc operation is still relevant, especially in health resource-limited settings.

Archives of International Surgery

Background: Recent advances in anesthesia and the need to manage patients' perioperative anxi... more Background: Recent advances in anesthesia and the need to manage patients' perioperative anxiety along with escalating healthcare costs have resulted in an increasing number of surgical procedures being performed under local anesthesia (LA) especially as day-case surgeries worldwide. To report our experience with performing oral and maxillofacial surgeries under LA highlighting the advantages and limitations. Patients and Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent maxillofacial surgical procedures under LA at Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, over a 2-year period (January 2014–December 2015). Information collated included the patients' demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, surgical operations performed, duration of hospitalization, and complications recorded. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: A total of 92 patients comprising 58 males and 34 females with varying maxillofacial conditions were operated during the period of the study. Their ages ranged from 12 to 60 years with a mean age of 32 ± 4.4 years. The complications recorded in the patients included three cases of malocclusion (3.2%), one case of wound dehiscence (1.1%), paraesthesia of the lower lip in one patient (1.1%), and cardiac arrest in one patient (1.1%). Conclusion: Maxillofacial surgery under LA is a cost-effective approach to surgery with good outcomes in this environment.

Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology, 2017

Myxomas are a group of benign rare tumors of connective-tissue origin that occur in both hard (ce... more Myxomas are a group of benign rare tumors of connective-tissue origin that occur in both hard (central) and soft tissues of the body. The aim of this study is to highlight our experience in the management of central myxoma of the jaw, with emphasis on its clinic-epidemiologic features as seen in our environment. All patients who were managed for central myxoma of the jaw at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department of a regional University Teaching Hospital between September 1997 and October 2015 were retrospectively studied. Details sourced included age, sex, site of tumor, duration, signs/symptoms, treatment given, and complications. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA). Results from descriptive statistics were represented in the form of tables and charts, with a test for significance (using Pearson Chi-square (χ) set at 0.05. A total of 16 patient...