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Papers by waqar younas

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a neglected zoonosis t... more Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a neglected zoonosis that affects humans and livestock. This sero-survey was designed for the first time in Pakistan to assess the exposure of butchers to E. granulosus as there was no previous report in the country for this occupational group. Methodology: Blood samples were collected from registered butchers (n = 364) in five different slaughterhouses in Faisalabad and Bahawalnagar Districts. Sera were tested for anti-Echinococcus granulosus IgG with a commercially available ELISA kit (specificity, 100%; sensitivity, 97%). Results: Overall, seroprevalence was 9.61% (35/364). Butchers >30 years of age (10.34%), those involved in small ruminants butchery (11.70%), >10 years’ experience (10.04%), formal education level up to middle standard (10.28%), contact with dogs (12.71%), improper/unhygienic disposal of dog feces (11.87%), and those unaware of the consequences of eating with unwashed hands (13.80%)...

Sustainable Energy & Fuels

Developing a noble-metal-free robust and effective electrocatalyst with enhanced active sites for... more Developing a noble-metal-free robust and effective electrocatalyst with enhanced active sites for overall water splitting is of great significance yet challenging.

Metalloproteinases In Medicine

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains one of the most deadly cancers, with modest advances in ove... more Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains one of the most deadly cancers, with modest advances in overall survival despite significant improvements in imaging, surgery, and molecular genomic understanding. The highest-grade glioma, GBM is a primary brain cancer that is molecularly heterogeneous among patients and even within the same patient. Key hallmarks include glioma-cell invasion, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance. While once considered a major player in glioma invasion, members of the MMP family are also associated with other key pathological hallmarks of glioma. Investigations into understanding MMP function in GBM were slowed due to the failed MMP-inhibitor trials for GBM in the 2000s. In contrast, the field of MMPs in other brain pathologies has flourished in such areas as traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. In the past decade, the increase in publicly available data sets documenting patient-biopsy molecular information has empowered laboratory investigations into the spectrum of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic changes associated with glioma, including MMPs. In this review, we selected one of these data sets to illustrate a small sample of information that can be obtained from such analyses. Combined with recent reports on the use of MMP-cleavable peptides for imaging and the multifunctionality of MMPs, including intracellular nonproteolytic actions in various cell types, this paves the way for new avenues of MMP research. Understanding the function of MMPs in host-tumor interactions both spatially and temporally during tumor progression and in response to treatment will be crucial for the advancement of targeting specific MMPs in GBM. The opportunities to explore MMP regulation, expression, and function further in GBM have never been so great with progress in modern bioinformatics and molecular techniques, and it is hoped that advancements will translate in some way to patients diagnosed with GBM.

Annales Geophysicae

We study the impact of the geomagnetic storm of 7-9 September 2017 on the low-to mid-latitude ion... more We study the impact of the geomagnetic storm of 7-9 September 2017 on the low-to mid-latitude ionosphere. The prominent feature of this solar event is the sequential occurrence of two SYM-H minima with values of − 146 and −115 nT on 8 September at 01:08 and 13:56 UT, respectively. The study is based on the analysis of data from the Global Positioning System (GPS) stations and magnetic observatories located at different longitudinal sectors corresponding to the Pacific, Asia, Africa and the Americas during the period 4-14 September 2017. The GPS data are used to derive the global, regional and vertical total electron content (vTEC) in the four selected regions. It is observed that the storm-time response of the vTEC over the Asian and Pacific sectors is earlier than over the African and American sectors. Magnetic observatory data are used to illustrate the variation in the magnetic field particularly, in its horizontal component. The global thermospheric neutral density ratio; i.e., O/N 2 maps obtained from the Global UltraViolet Spectrographic Imager (GUVI) on board the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite are used to characterize the storm-time response of the thermosphere. These maps exhibit a significant stormtime depletion of the O/N 2 density ratio in the northern middle and lower latitudes over the western Pacific and American sectors as compared to the eastern Pacific, Asian and African sectors. However, the positive storm effects in the O/N 2 ratio can be observed in the low latitudes and equatorial regions. It can be deduced that the storm-time thermospheric and ionospheric responses are correlated. Overall, the positive ionospheric storm effects appear over the dayside sectors which are associated with the ionospheric electric fields and the traveling atmospheric disturbances. It is inferred that a variety of space weather phenomena such as the coronal mass ejection, the high-speed solar wind stream and the solar radio flux are the cause of multiple day enhancements of the vTEC in the low-to mid-latitude ionosphere during the period 4

Journal of Materials Chemistry C

Graphene-based materials hold great promise in the future applications due to the phenomenal prop... more Graphene-based materials hold great promise in the future applications due to the phenomenal properties; however, the lack of suitable bandgap severely limits their practical applications. Therefore, exploring a useful way...

Cureus

The personality of a human being consists of his behavior, cognition, emotional abilities, and in... more The personality of a human being consists of his behavior, cognition, emotional abilities, and interaction with his surroundings. The personality of an individual is modified by his ability for social perception, life experiences, and training. The pattern of study in which a person acquires education has a great influence on their personality. Objective To compare the personality traits and academic performance of boarders and non-boarders studying in a medical university.

Annals of Glaciology

ABSTRACTThis sensitivity study applies the offline Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) version 3... more ABSTRACTThis sensitivity study applies the offline Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) version 3.6 to simulate snowpack evolution in idealized topography using observations at Likely, British Columbia, Canada over 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009. A strategy for a subgrid-scale snow (SSS) parameterization is developed to incorporate two key features: ten elevation bands at 100 m intervals to capture air temperature lapse rates, and five slope angles on four aspects to resolve solar radiation impacts on the evolution of snow depth and SWE. Simulations reveal strong elevational dependencies of snow depth and SWE when adjusting temperatures using a moist adiabatic lapse rate with elevation, with 26% peak SWE differences between that at the average elevation versus the mean of the remainder of the elevation bands. Differences in peak SWE on north- and south-facing slopes increase from 3.0 mm at 10° slope to 17.9 mm at 50° slope. When applied to elevation, slope and aspect combinations deriv...

Metalloproteinases in Medicine, 2018

Journal of Applied Sciences, 2002