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Papers by yahya jand

Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy is one of the common diseases of the brain that about 30-40 of... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy is one of the common diseases of the brain that about 30-40 of patients with epilepsy experience recurent attacks due to drug resistance. Recently, the beneficial effects of Ursodeoxycholic acid on brain disorders have been considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)on the Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced kindling, and related learning and memory impairments on Morris water maze. METHODS: This experimental study was done on 32 male Winstar rats divided into 4 groups. The first(n=7)and the second (n=9) groups have received three injections of 0.5 ml NaCl or 50 mg/kg of UDCA respectively and third(n=7) and fourth(n=9) groups have received fifteen injections of 0.5 ml NaCl or 50 mg/kg of UDCA respectively. All injections were given intraperitoneally(ip)(every 48 hours). In all groups, chemical kindling were started after third injections. Twenty-four hour after the last injection, spatial memory was inves...

International Immunology, 2010

we analysed B cells (immature, naïve, marginal-zone-like, IgM only and switched memories B cells)... more we analysed B cells (immature, naïve, marginal-zone-like, IgM only and switched memories B cells) in non-treated patients presenting with a first demyelinating episode (CIS) and relapsing-remitting (RR)-MS. Immature B cells appeared to be dramatically reduced in the circulating compartment of both patients groups (5.5-and 3.7-fold respectively). We postulated a pathogenic tissue-specific recruitment of these cells. Thus, we analysed the a4, b1 and b7 integrins expression by different B-cell subsets. In both basal and pathological conditions, immature B cells expressed highly a4 and b7. Interestingly, immature B cells from CIS and RR-MS groups up-regulated b1. Patients treated with an anti-4 (Natalizumab), which block leukocytes recruitment to the CNS, showed normal immature B-cell proportions. Therefore, immature B cells might be involved in disease development by their ability to cross the inflamed blood-brain-barrier. Immature B cells are not primed; therefore, antigen-dependent activation of B cells might also occur inside the CNS.

Arak Medical University Journal, Sep 15, 2008

Effect of critical time window on development of ntylenetetrazole kindling in wistar rats Palizva... more Effect of critical time window on development of ntylenetetrazole kindling in wistar rats Palizvan MR1*, Jand Y2 1- Associated professor, PhD in Physiology, Faculty of medicine, Arak University of medical sciences, Arak, Iran. 2- Student of medicine, faculty of medicine, Arak University of medical sciences, Arak, Iran. Abstract Background: pentylenetetrazole Kindling is widely used as a model for epileptogenesis. The achievement of kindling criterion is known to require repeated drug injection during time to develop.In this article a series of experiments aimed to examin the hypothesis that after 4 primary injections only time is needed to induced kindling in wistar rats.Methods and Materials: In this experimental research, 32 male Wistar rats were divided in two groups. Control Group were kindled by repeated injections of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ; 37.5 mg/kg;i.p. 48 h interval), in case group were done 4 repeated injections of pentylenetetrazole and have 32 days time lapse, at the end of experiment two groups received same dose of PTZ simultaneously and seizure parameters were assessed. Data were analyzed using student’s t-test and one way ANOVA and Turkey’s test. Results: Results showed there isn’t significant differences in seizure parameters such as seizure stage (control; 4.75±0.26, case; 4.75±0.29), stage 2 latency (control; 165±16.6, case; 216±38.68), stage 5 latency (control; 2.13±0.38, case; 3.47±0.64) and stage 5 duration (control; 21.15±2.42, case; 23.42±1.20) between two groups. Conclusion: Resuits of this experiment introduces the new critical time window for PTZ kindling. Key words: Pentylenetetrazole, Kindling, Rat, Time, Seizure

Scientific Reports

Melatonin (MT), a neurohormone with immunomodulatory properties, is one of the metabolites produc... more Melatonin (MT), a neurohormone with immunomodulatory properties, is one of the metabolites produced in the brain from tryptophan (TRP) that has already strong links with the neuropathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the exact molecular mechanisms behind that are not fully understood. There is some evidence showing that MS and MT are interconnected via different pathways: Relapses of MS has a direct correlation with a low level of MT secretion and a growing body of evidence suggest that MT be therapeutic in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE, a recognise animal model of MS) severity. Previous studies have demonstrated that the kynurenine pathway (KP), the main pathway of TRP catabolism, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of MS in humans and in EAE. The present study aimed to investigate whether MT can improve clinical signs in the EAE model by modulating the KP. C57BL/6 mice were induced with EAE and received different doses of MT. Then the onset and severi...

Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2022

Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2016

A Study on the Effects of Orally Administered Copper Sulfate on Learning ‎and Spatial Memory of W... more A Study on the Effects of Orally Administered Copper Sulfate on Learning ‎and Spatial Memory of Wistar Rats Author(s): M Palizvan , A Jand, Y Jand , M Taherinejad Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Copper is one of the main micronutrients in the human body. Malfunction in copper homeostasis results in Menkes syndrome and Wilson’s disease, which are associated with complications such as seizure and impairments in learning and memory. Use of high copper concentrations can cause permanent damage to the cells and neurons. The aim of this study was to examine the toxic effects of orally administered copper sulfate on rats’ learning in Morris water maze. METHODS: In this experimental study, 39 Wistar rats were divided into male (n=21) and female (n=18) groups. These two groups were each randomly divided into three sub-groups. The control group received distilled water, while the other two groups were administrated 1 and 1.5 mM of copper sulfate, dissolved in distilled water for a period ...

Physiology and Pharmacology, 2016

1. Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 2. Departmen... more 1. Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 2. Department of Human Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 3. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 4. Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 5. Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center Echocardiography Research Center, Tehran Uni versity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 6. Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

Drug repositioning is one of the common strategies of new indications and therapeutic targets for... more Drug repositioning is one of the common strategies of new indications and therapeutic targets for already known drugs. Drug repositioning is known by various names in textbooks such as drug re-proposing, re-profiling, re-tasking and therapeutic switching. Drugs may act through multiple molecular targets. Although perhaps designed for specificity, modulate several targets. This “Poly-pharmacology” may also be essential for efficacy. This “off-targets” may also lead to side-effect. Repositioning vs traditional drug discovery reduces time, reduces risk, and reduces cost. Bleeding disorder observation of aspirin (a wonder drug) over the years (1891) was made repeatedly leading to the suggestion by Craven (1953) that aspirin might be used for the prevention of thrombosis. The historically unintentional, serendipitous, or constrained research effort is now being replaced by systematic, high-throughput and rational pursuit of new therapeutic uses for marketed drugs, drugs in development,...

Brain Research Bulletin, 2021

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with cognitive dysfunctions and Alzheimer's disease (A... more Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with cognitive dysfunctions and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study set out to better understand the relationship between gut microbiota depletion and cognitive abilities in mice with or without Alzheimer-like disease. Male C57BL/6 mice from early adolescence received an antibiotic cocktail, and then in adulthood, animals were subjected to a stereotaxic surgery to induce Alzheimer-like disease using amyloid-beta (Aβ)1-42 microinjection. To assess cognitive functions in mice, three behavioural tests including the Y maze, object recognition, and Morris water maze were used. We also measured brain-derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and Aβ42 in the brain. Our findings showed that antibiotics treatment impaired object recognition memory, whereas did not alter spatial memory in healthy mice. Antibiotics treatment in mice significantly exacerbated spatial memory impairment following the induction of AD in both the Y maze and Morris water maze test. There were significant correlations between these behavioural tests. In addition, healthy animals treated with antibiotics displayed a significant reduction in brain IL-6. We observed that antibiotics treatment significantly decreased both cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the brain of AD-induced mice. However, no alterations were found in brain BDNF levels following both antibiotics treatment and AD induction. These findings show that antibiotic-induced gut microbiota depletion from early adolescence to adulthood can impair cognitive abilities in mice with or without Alzheimer-like disease. Overall, this study suggests that gut microbiota manipulation from early adolescence to adulthood may adversely affect the normal development of cognitive functions later in life.

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1999

Objective To assess the accuracy of fetal sex determination at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Methods ... more Objective To assess the accuracy of fetal sex determination at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Methods Fetal gender assessment by ultrasound was prospectively carried out in 172 singleton pregnancies at 11-14 weeks of gestation immediately before chorionic villus sampling for karyotyping. The genital region was examined in a midsagittal plane and the fetal gender was assigned as male if the angle of the genital tubercle to a horizontal line through the lumbosacral skin surface was greater than 30°and female when the genital tubercle was parallel or convergent (less than 30°) to the horizontal line. Results The accuracy of sex determination increased with gestation from 70.3% at 11 weeks, to 98.7% at 12 weeks and 100% at 13 weeks. In the male fetuses, there was a significant increase in the angle of the genital tubercle from the horizontal with crown-rump length. Male fetuses were wrongly assigned as female in 56% of cases at 11 weeks, 3% at 12 weeks and 0% at 13 weeks. In contrast, only 5% of the female fetuses at 11 weeks were incorrectly assigned as male and this false-positive rate was 0% at 12 and 13 weeks. Conclusion The clinical value of determination of fetal sex by ultrasound is in deciding whether to carry out prenatal invasive testing in pregnancies at risk of sex-linked genetic abnormalities, because invasive testing would be necessary only in pregnancies with male fetuses. Our results suggest that a final decision on invasive testing for sex-linked conditions should be undertaken only after 12 weeks of gestation.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2015

Background: There is growing appreciation for the importance of bacteria in shaping brain develop... more Background: There is growing appreciation for the importance of bacteria in shaping brain development and behaviour. Adolescence and early adulthood are crucial developmental periods during which exposure to harmful environmental factors can have a permanent impact on brain function. Such environmental factors include perturbations of the gut bacteria that may affect gut-brain communication, altering the trajectory of brain development, and increasing vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. Here we assess the effects of gut bacterial depletion from weaning onwards on adult cognitive, social and emotional behaviours and markers of gut-brain axis dysfunction in mice. Methods: Mice were treated with a combination of antibiotics from weaning onwards and effects on behaviours and potential brain-gut axis neuromodulators (tryptophan, monoamines, and neuropeptides) and BDNF expression were assessed in adulthood. Results: Antibiotic-treatment depleted and restructured gut microbiota composition of caecal contents and decreased spleen weights in adulthood. Depletion of the gut microbiota from weaning onwards reduced anxiety, induced cognitive deficits, altered dynamics of the tryptophan metabolic pathway, and significantly reduced BDNF, oxytocin and vasopressin expression in the adult brain. Conclusions: Microbiota depletion from weaning onwards by means of chronic treatment with antibiotics in mice impacts on anxiety and cognitive behaviours as well as key neuromodulators of gut-brain communication in a manner that is similar to that reported in germ-free mice. This model may represent a more amenable alternative for germ-free mice in the assessment of microbiota modulation of behaviour. Finally, these data suggest that despite the presence of a normal gut microbiome in early postnatal life, reduced abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota from weaning influences adult behaviours and key neuromodulators of the microbiota-gut-brain axis suggesting that dysregulation of this axis in the post-weaning period may contribute to the pathogenesis of disorders associated with altered anxiety and cognition.

European Journal of Pharmacology

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Background: Embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) are immature precursors of the central nervous sy... more Background: Embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) are immature precursors of the central nervous system (CNS), with self-renewal and multipotential differentiation capacities. These are regulated by endogenous and exogenous factors such as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-based essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of various concentrations of Alyssum homolocarpum seed oil (AHSO), containing natural ALA, stearic acid (SA), myristic acid (MA), and β-sitosterol, on proliferation and differentiation of eNSCs, in comparison to controls and to synthetic pure ALA. Results: Treatment with natural AHSO (25 to 75 μM), similar to synthetic ALA, caused a significant~2-fold increase in eNCSs viability, in comparison to controls. To confirm this proliferative activity, treatment of NSCs with 50 or 75 μM AHSO resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels of notch1, hes-1 and Ki-67and NICD protein expression, in comparison to controls. Moreover, AHSO administration significantly increased the differentiation of eNSCs toward astrocytes (GFAP+) and oligodendrocytes (MBP+) in a dose dependent manner and was more potent than ALA, at similar concentrations, in comparison to controls. Indeed, only high concentrations of 100 μM AHSO, but not ALA, caused a significant increase in the frequency of neurons (β-III Tubulin+). Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that AHSO, a rich source of ALA containing also other beneficial fatty acids, increased the proliferation and stimulated the differentiation of eNSCs. We suggest that AHSO's effects are caused by β-sitosterol, SA and MA, present within this oil. AHSO could be used in diet to prevent neurodevelopmental syndromes, cognitive decline during aging, and various psychiatric disorders.

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Avicenna journal of phytomedicine

Several studies have shown the antispasmodic activity of Matricariarecutita without detailing the... more Several studies have shown the antispasmodic activity of Matricariarecutita without detailing the underlying mechanism(s). The present study was designed to determine whether the antispasmodic mechanisms of M. recutita extract mediated via histaminergic/cholinergic receptors, Ca(2+)channels, activation of PKA2 and NO release in isolated rabbit jejunum. The concentration- dependent (3 × 10(-3)-1.3 × 10(-2) mg/ml) antispasmodic effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of M. recutita flowers was studied in isolated rabbit jejunum. The isolated jejunum preparations were divided into seven groups, including the pharmacological probes that modulate cholinergic, histaminergic, and nitrergic receptors, as well as PKA2. M. recutita inhibited spontaneous smooth muscle contractility of the jejunum in a concentration-dependent manner (3 × 10(-3)-1.3 × 10(-2) mg/ml) and reduced both K(+)- and Ca(2+)-induced contractions, which is similar to the effect of verapamil. The antispasmodic effect of M. re...