yohko orito - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by yohko orito
Nihon Joho Keiei Gakkaishi, 2008
Abs 電rac ヒ ： ∫uccessful qualit ＞ ， managemen ' qブpers 硼 al data 碑 eonSt ' mption behaレ iour is yi... more Abs 電rac ヒ ： ∫uccessful qualit ＞ ， managemen ' qブpers 硼 al data 碑 eonSt ' mption behaレ iour is yitalfor most busine ∬ organis 'ltions in the conSt 〃 ner 一 副 6 餾 ゴ blム蜘 6 ∬ envit ' o 跚 ent ； it should enhance 〔 ／ ustOmc ' i ' satisfaction α nd contrihttte to htiild a ． ノ la ． v ')ur αbtct retations んip ivith their i"tdividual customers ， Attho " gh the widc ' sp rc ' a ' d a ｝ ・ aitahi 偽 t ／ げ inf (丿rmatiOn and commttnicatiOn technOlog ｝ ， r ∬CT) has made it easier プ ' O " busine ∬ organisati ， Ons tO collect ， sto・ re， 1 〃 vce ∬ α・ id use pers ・ n α1 data ， enst 伽 9 τ hぬ 9 ん 卿 偽 可 ノ 胤 Y・ ' iat ・data ・is； ユ0 磁 ∫ ｝ プ ∂厂 an) ' busine∬ ・ rganisati ・ 丹 ． In ot ' dei ' to rvrestle M ， ith the di) Vicult challenge qブpe 厂son αt data qualめ 」 〃man α gement ， 仇ム蜘 8 ． ∬ organi ． satiOns shou ！ d extend the scope 〔コ f da i ' a qttalめ ， man α gement and develop the 厂 厂 transparent 「 厂 datα qua 〃 砂 mana ， gement system 、 s which can c ・厩 ' 脚 ll ： 1 enstt re accura cy a ' id U ρ イ ・ − datene ∬ ofpersOnal data the ． y collect ． Keywords ： Data (luali り 1 、 14anagement， 1 ' ersonal Data oll Cons " mption Behavioui ；Accuracy， ｛ 加 イ o ． Date，螂 ∫ ， Transparent 'lata qualiり ， 〃 zanagelnent syste ' ns
The International Review of Information Ethics, 2013
In this study, we attempt to examine the effectiveness of online privacy policies and privacy sea... more In this study, we attempt to examine the effectiveness of online privacy policies and privacy seals/security icons on corporate trustworthiness and reputation management, and to clarify how young Japanese people evaluate the trustworthiness of B to C e-business sites in terms of personal information handling. The survey results indicate that posting online privacy policies and/or privacy seals/security icons by B to C e-businesses does not work for creating trust in business organisations by consumers actively. Instead, existing good name recognition and/or general reputation can engender trust and, increasingly, better their reputation in terms of personal information use and protection.
This study examines how the "participatory surveillance environment" which has been created by th... more This study examines how the "participatory surveillance environment" which has been created by the widespread use of ICT-based information systems, including online services, can have an influence over youngsters' self-identity development from the perspective of psychiatry centred on dissociation.
Ill-considered postings by young social media users hungry for attention have recently garnered h... more Ill-considered postings by young social media users hungry for attention have recently garnered headlines. Imprudent online posts distort the posters’ digital identity, which refers to one’s online image as perceived by others. Online attention-seeking behaviour may result in digital identities that are separate from a person’s true nature, which can lead to social and mental harm. To mitigate these impacts, effective educational material is needed to help non-technical users understand the risks and consequences of thoughtless, attention-seeking online behaviour. This study takes the first step towards fulfilling this educational need by developing the Online Attention Game (OAG), which is played in a laboratory or classroom setting (OAG-CS) or remotely (OAG-R). It replicates the online competition involved in seeking other social media users’ attention. Through five OAG games (two OAG-CS games with students, two OAG-CS games with researchers, and one OAG-R game with researchers), ...
International Journal of Virtual Worlds and Human Computer Interaction, 2014
This study attempts to investigate the attitudes of Japanese social media users with regard to th... more This study attempts to investigate the attitudes of Japanese social media users with regard to their personal data provision on social media sites and the social responsibility of social media companies in terms of personal data handling. In order to accomplish the purposes of the study, a questionnaire survey and follow-up interviews were conducted. The survey results revealed that the respondents used social media as they like regardless of their recognition of social media companies' and other companies' ways of using personal data they provided on social media sites. Many of the respondents appeared to prefer online socialisation to privacy protection, even though they felt vaguely insecure about their privacy when using social media. Considering the significant influence of social media over users' mental status, identity, autonomy and intellectual freedom, social media companies should provide users with comprehensive and clear explanations about how they collect, store, use, share and sell personal data to take their social responsibility.
ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 2010
The construction of a secure and safe society using information and communication technology (ICT... more The construction of a secure and safe society using information and communication technology (ICT) is recognised as an urgent issue in Japan. This recognition is based on public fear about crime related to manufactured risk caused by modernisation or industrial civilisation. This fear has created a social atmosphere that has led to the rapid development and implementation of security systems using ICT, such as security cameras, smart IC cards and mobile phones, to establish security and safety in Japanese society. However, the never-ending quest for social security and safety with ICT will inevitably cause further manufactured risk, which could lead to serious problems in the future. We have to recognise such risk and control it appropriately.
Policy & Internet, 2010
In 2003, Japan enacted its first private-sector data protection legislation, complementing the co... more In 2003, Japan enacted its first private-sector data protection legislation, complementing the concurrent update of the public-sector regulations. The publicly stated goal of the Japanese government was to support trade with Europe by providing suitably strong protection to qualify for European data-export approval. In this paper we examine the internal social and political pressures that led to the adoption of apparently strong private-sector data protection, despite prior long resistance to such a move. The pressures we have identified include direct and indirect effects of Japanese economic difficulties since the early 1990s, media pressure to update public-sector rules because of the introduction of Juki Net, and similar media pressure to apply similar rules to the private sector. We also examine the role that the technology of kanji input systems played on the lack of urgency in demands for private-sector data protection until 2000.
Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 2008
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the concept of the right to information privac... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the concept of the right to information privacy and to propose, from a Japanese perspective, a revised conception of this right that is suitable for the modern information society. Design/methodology/approach-First, the concept of privacy and personal information protection in the information society is briefly explained. After that, confused situations in Japan caused by the enforcement of Act on the Protection of Personal Information are described followed by the analysis of the Japanese socio-cultural circumstances surrounding privacy. Based on these, the effectiveness of the concept of the right to information privacy in the Japanese socio-cultural and economic context is examined and the need to rethink the concept of the right to information privacy discussed. Finally, a revised conception of the right is proposed. Findings-In view of the circumstances in Japan, the concept of the right to information privacy, defined as "an individual's right to control the circulation of information relating to him/herself", as well as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's eight principles already become outdated in today's sophisticated information-communication society. There is a need to control/restrict use of personal information so that individuals' autonomy and freedom is ensured in the current situation and to revise the concept of the right to information privacy based on this idea. Originality/value-This paper proposes a revision of the concept of the right to information privacy focused on control of, not access to, use of personal information. The revised concept is defined so that individuals' autonomy and freedom is ensured even in the "informational transparent" society.
Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 2008
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse incidents of personal information leakage in Japan... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse incidents of personal information leakage in Japan based on Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics of information privacy and to consider how best to develop an effective personal information protection policy that conforms to Japanese situations as well as to the global requirement of personal information protection.Design/methodology/approachAfter describing recent incidents of personal information leakage in Japan, the paper examines the defects of the Act on Protection of Personal Information (APPI) that permit these incidents to continue. Subsequently, these incidents and the responses of the Japanese people in a manner that reflects the unique Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics of information privacy are analysed. Finally, the paper proposes a revision of APPI that conforms to these Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics as well as to the global requirement for personal information protection.FindingsPersonal information le...
Following the research made by Murata and Orito [1], this study attempts to conceptualise the rig... more Following the research made by Murata and Orito [1], this study attempts to conceptualise the right to forget/be forgotten along with building a theoretical foundation of this individual’s right and validating the social importance of establishing the right, which is characterised as a nearly fundamental human right to protect intellectual freedom and to ensure a spiritually affluent human life and human dignity. Here, forgetting is defined as an intellectual/mental state of a person where he/she doesn’t recall a fact that (has) happened in the past or information that he/she knew in the past and/or images, feelings and sensation related to the fact or the knowledge, or as cognitive function which causes such an intellectual state. Glorifying a past event or having erroneous human memory is a kind of forgetting. There is variety in the degree of forgetting; anyone experiences a momentary lapse of memory, short-term or mild forgetting and complete forgetting. Although the intellectua...
On 1 April 2005, the Japanese government enforced Act on the Protection of Personal Information (... more On 1 April 2005, the Japanese government enforced Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) with the aim of protecting personal data. However, APPI itself has led to numerous disputes and overzealous interpretations. This response may have occurred not only as a result of social, cultural and economic circumstances, but also because APPI is not appropriate for use in a society in which large amounts of personal data have already been collected, stored, used, shared and circulated. In this article, we reconsider the concept of personal privacy and propose, from a Japanese perspective, a definition of this right that is suitable to the modern information society. This requires answering the following questions. Who owns the personal data that are collected, stored and used by an organisation? Is it acceptable to reconsider the concept of information privacy based on a certain socioeconomic context?
Although the establishment of ICT professionalism is an urgent issue in Japan, there exist challe... more Although the establishment of ICT professionalism is an urgent issue in Japan, there exist challenges for it which can be classified broadly into the following three categories: (a) working environments of ICT professionals, (b) business practices in Japanese ICT industry and (c) Japanese education systems. In this study, we attempt to examine these challenges descriptively and to propose effective countermeasures to them in order to establish a globally acceptable level of ICT professionalism in Japan.
Nihon Joho Keiei Gakkaishi, 2008
Abs 電rac ヒ ： ∫uccessful qualit ＞ ， managemen ' qブpers 硼 al data 碑 eonSt ' mption behaレ iour is yi... more Abs 電rac ヒ ： ∫uccessful qualit ＞ ， managemen ' qブpers 硼 al data 碑 eonSt ' mption behaレ iour is yitalfor most busine ∬ organis 'ltions in the conSt 〃 ner 一 副 6 餾 ゴ blム蜘 6 ∬ envit ' o 跚 ent ； it should enhance 〔 ／ ustOmc ' i ' satisfaction α nd contrihttte to htiild a ． ノ la ． v ')ur αbtct retations んip ivith their i"tdividual customers ， Attho " gh the widc ' sp rc ' a ' d a ｝ ・ aitahi 偽 t ／ げ inf (丿rmatiOn and commttnicatiOn technOlog ｝ ， r ∬CT) has made it easier プ ' O " busine ∬ organisati ， Ons tO collect ， sto・ re， 1 〃 vce ∬ α・ id use pers ・ n α1 data ， enst 伽 9 τ hぬ 9 ん 卿 偽 可 ノ 胤 Y・ ' iat ・data ・is； ユ0 磁 ∫ ｝ プ ∂厂 an) ' busine∬ ・ rganisati ・ 丹 ． In ot ' dei ' to rvrestle M ， ith the di) Vicult challenge qブpe 厂son αt data qualめ 」 〃man α gement ， 仇ム蜘 8 ． ∬ organi ． satiOns shou ！ d extend the scope 〔コ f da i ' a qttalめ ， man α gement and develop the 厂 厂 transparent 「 厂 datα qua 〃 砂 mana ， gement system 、 s which can c ・厩 ' 脚 ll ： 1 enstt re accura cy a ' id U ρ イ ・ − datene ∬ ofpersOnal data the ． y collect ． Keywords ： Data (luali り 1 、 14anagement， 1 ' ersonal Data oll Cons " mption Behavioui ；Accuracy， ｛ 加 イ o ． Date，螂 ∫ ， Transparent 'lata qualiり ， 〃 zanagelnent syste ' ns
The International Review of Information Ethics, 2013
In this study, we attempt to examine the effectiveness of online privacy policies and privacy sea... more In this study, we attempt to examine the effectiveness of online privacy policies and privacy seals/security icons on corporate trustworthiness and reputation management, and to clarify how young Japanese people evaluate the trustworthiness of B to C e-business sites in terms of personal information handling. The survey results indicate that posting online privacy policies and/or privacy seals/security icons by B to C e-businesses does not work for creating trust in business organisations by consumers actively. Instead, existing good name recognition and/or general reputation can engender trust and, increasingly, better their reputation in terms of personal information use and protection.
This study examines how the "participatory surveillance environment" which has been created by th... more This study examines how the "participatory surveillance environment" which has been created by the widespread use of ICT-based information systems, including online services, can have an influence over youngsters' self-identity development from the perspective of psychiatry centred on dissociation.
Ill-considered postings by young social media users hungry for attention have recently garnered h... more Ill-considered postings by young social media users hungry for attention have recently garnered headlines. Imprudent online posts distort the posters’ digital identity, which refers to one’s online image as perceived by others. Online attention-seeking behaviour may result in digital identities that are separate from a person’s true nature, which can lead to social and mental harm. To mitigate these impacts, effective educational material is needed to help non-technical users understand the risks and consequences of thoughtless, attention-seeking online behaviour. This study takes the first step towards fulfilling this educational need by developing the Online Attention Game (OAG), which is played in a laboratory or classroom setting (OAG-CS) or remotely (OAG-R). It replicates the online competition involved in seeking other social media users’ attention. Through five OAG games (two OAG-CS games with students, two OAG-CS games with researchers, and one OAG-R game with researchers), ...
International Journal of Virtual Worlds and Human Computer Interaction, 2014
This study attempts to investigate the attitudes of Japanese social media users with regard to th... more This study attempts to investigate the attitudes of Japanese social media users with regard to their personal data provision on social media sites and the social responsibility of social media companies in terms of personal data handling. In order to accomplish the purposes of the study, a questionnaire survey and follow-up interviews were conducted. The survey results revealed that the respondents used social media as they like regardless of their recognition of social media companies' and other companies' ways of using personal data they provided on social media sites. Many of the respondents appeared to prefer online socialisation to privacy protection, even though they felt vaguely insecure about their privacy when using social media. Considering the significant influence of social media over users' mental status, identity, autonomy and intellectual freedom, social media companies should provide users with comprehensive and clear explanations about how they collect, store, use, share and sell personal data to take their social responsibility.
ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 2010
The construction of a secure and safe society using information and communication technology (ICT... more The construction of a secure and safe society using information and communication technology (ICT) is recognised as an urgent issue in Japan. This recognition is based on public fear about crime related to manufactured risk caused by modernisation or industrial civilisation. This fear has created a social atmosphere that has led to the rapid development and implementation of security systems using ICT, such as security cameras, smart IC cards and mobile phones, to establish security and safety in Japanese society. However, the never-ending quest for social security and safety with ICT will inevitably cause further manufactured risk, which could lead to serious problems in the future. We have to recognise such risk and control it appropriately.
Policy & Internet, 2010
In 2003, Japan enacted its first private-sector data protection legislation, complementing the co... more In 2003, Japan enacted its first private-sector data protection legislation, complementing the concurrent update of the public-sector regulations. The publicly stated goal of the Japanese government was to support trade with Europe by providing suitably strong protection to qualify for European data-export approval. In this paper we examine the internal social and political pressures that led to the adoption of apparently strong private-sector data protection, despite prior long resistance to such a move. The pressures we have identified include direct and indirect effects of Japanese economic difficulties since the early 1990s, media pressure to update public-sector rules because of the introduction of Juki Net, and similar media pressure to apply similar rules to the private sector. We also examine the role that the technology of kanji input systems played on the lack of urgency in demands for private-sector data protection until 2000.
Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 2008
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the concept of the right to information privac... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the concept of the right to information privacy and to propose, from a Japanese perspective, a revised conception of this right that is suitable for the modern information society. Design/methodology/approach-First, the concept of privacy and personal information protection in the information society is briefly explained. After that, confused situations in Japan caused by the enforcement of Act on the Protection of Personal Information are described followed by the analysis of the Japanese socio-cultural circumstances surrounding privacy. Based on these, the effectiveness of the concept of the right to information privacy in the Japanese socio-cultural and economic context is examined and the need to rethink the concept of the right to information privacy discussed. Finally, a revised conception of the right is proposed. Findings-In view of the circumstances in Japan, the concept of the right to information privacy, defined as "an individual's right to control the circulation of information relating to him/herself", as well as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's eight principles already become outdated in today's sophisticated information-communication society. There is a need to control/restrict use of personal information so that individuals' autonomy and freedom is ensured in the current situation and to revise the concept of the right to information privacy based on this idea. Originality/value-This paper proposes a revision of the concept of the right to information privacy focused on control of, not access to, use of personal information. The revised concept is defined so that individuals' autonomy and freedom is ensured even in the "informational transparent" society.
Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 2008
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse incidents of personal information leakage in Japan... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse incidents of personal information leakage in Japan based on Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics of information privacy and to consider how best to develop an effective personal information protection policy that conforms to Japanese situations as well as to the global requirement of personal information protection.Design/methodology/approachAfter describing recent incidents of personal information leakage in Japan, the paper examines the defects of the Act on Protection of Personal Information (APPI) that permit these incidents to continue. Subsequently, these incidents and the responses of the Japanese people in a manner that reflects the unique Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics of information privacy are analysed. Finally, the paper proposes a revision of APPI that conforms to these Japanese socio‐cultural characteristics as well as to the global requirement for personal information protection.FindingsPersonal information le...
Following the research made by Murata and Orito [1], this study attempts to conceptualise the rig... more Following the research made by Murata and Orito [1], this study attempts to conceptualise the right to forget/be forgotten along with building a theoretical foundation of this individual’s right and validating the social importance of establishing the right, which is characterised as a nearly fundamental human right to protect intellectual freedom and to ensure a spiritually affluent human life and human dignity. Here, forgetting is defined as an intellectual/mental state of a person where he/she doesn’t recall a fact that (has) happened in the past or information that he/she knew in the past and/or images, feelings and sensation related to the fact or the knowledge, or as cognitive function which causes such an intellectual state. Glorifying a past event or having erroneous human memory is a kind of forgetting. There is variety in the degree of forgetting; anyone experiences a momentary lapse of memory, short-term or mild forgetting and complete forgetting. Although the intellectua...
On 1 April 2005, the Japanese government enforced Act on the Protection of Personal Information (... more On 1 April 2005, the Japanese government enforced Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) with the aim of protecting personal data. However, APPI itself has led to numerous disputes and overzealous interpretations. This response may have occurred not only as a result of social, cultural and economic circumstances, but also because APPI is not appropriate for use in a society in which large amounts of personal data have already been collected, stored, used, shared and circulated. In this article, we reconsider the concept of personal privacy and propose, from a Japanese perspective, a definition of this right that is suitable to the modern information society. This requires answering the following questions. Who owns the personal data that are collected, stored and used by an organisation? Is it acceptable to reconsider the concept of information privacy based on a certain socioeconomic context?
Although the establishment of ICT professionalism is an urgent issue in Japan, there exist challe... more Although the establishment of ICT professionalism is an urgent issue in Japan, there exist challenges for it which can be classified broadly into the following three categories: (a) working environments of ICT professionals, (b) business practices in Japanese ICT industry and (c) Japanese education systems. In this study, we attempt to examine these challenges descriptively and to propose effective countermeasures to them in order to establish a globally acceptable level of ICT professionalism in Japan.