zeeshan mughal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by zeeshan mughal
Cureus
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic left a profound and per... more The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic left a profound and pervasive impact on the healthcare infrastructure on a global scale. Since its onset, the pattern of reported cases and its associated mortality had shown variability with intermittent peaks causing a significant effect on the psychological well-being of the surgeons of Pakistan. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being of surgeons in Pakistan. Methods This multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological well-being of surgeons in Pakistan. The validated Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) tool was circulated electronically via Google Forms (Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) in the practicing surgical fraternity across all five regions of Pakistan,
BJS Open, 2022
BackgroundPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointesti... more BackgroundPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointestinal surgery with an impact on short- and long-term survival. No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic model for AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery in two multicentre cohort studies.MethodsThe Outcomes After Kidney injury in Surgery (OAKS) prognostic model was developed to predict risk of AKI in the 7 days after surgery using six routine datapoints (age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker). Validation was performed within two independent cohorts: a prospective multicentre, international study (‘IMAGINE’) of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery (2018); and a retrospective regional cohort study (‘Tayside’) in major abdominal surg...
Analysis and control of residual stresses in advanced engineering materials are important issues ... more Analysis and control of residual stresses in advanced engineering materials are important issues for reliability assessment at small scales, e.g. for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-crystalline and amorphous bulk and thin film materials. This presentation gives an overview of the recent advances in the field of sub-micron scale residual stress assessment by the use of focused ion beam (FIB)-controlled material removal techniques. Materials and The two step method consists of incremental FIB ring-core milling combined with high-resolution in-situ SEMFEG imaging of the relaxing surface and a full field strain analysis by digital image correlation (DIC). The through-thickness profile of the residual stress can be also obtained by comparison of the experimentally measured surface strain with finite element modelling using Schajer’s integral method. In this presentation, we will review the most recent advances in the field of FIB-DIC methods for residual stress assessment...
Introduction: Intracranial abscess is a suppurative condition of the brain with high morbidity an... more Introduction: Intracranial abscess is a suppurative condition of the brain with high morbidity and mortality. It is common in the developing world and mostly with focus of infection anywhere in the body. Surgical removal and intravenous antibiotics are recommended treatments. Case Presentation: A 13 years old girl, presented with a history of undocumented fever and headache for 10 days. She had a previous history which states that accidental ingestion of safety pin which was seen in left bronchus on imaging, developed brain abscess which was treated surgically and with oral antibiotics. Conclusion: Intracranial abscess is a treatable but life-threatening condition. Conventional treatment is surgical drainage and removal of wall of abscess and six-week course of intravenous antibiotics, but in limited cases oral antibiotics can be equally effective.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV2) infected about 93 million people and killed over tw... more Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV2) infected about 93 million people and killed over two million worldwide. The disease transmits very quickly, therefore; due to its severity and widespread the World Health Organization has declared this menace as ‘Global Pandemic’. An urgent need was felt to manage this disease through aggressive and efficient research process all over the globe. That’s why drug re-purposing of 212 chemical entities (CEs) against SARS-COV2 was found to be one of the efficient ways in finding new indications of already discovered drugs amisdst of the discovery of a new drug. Results of this study revealed that out of 212 CEs, only Etodolac forms a hydrogen (H)-bond with a relatively low energy and active central fragment, demonstrating more significant interaction with SARS-CoV2 viral proteins. Other CEs exhibit good pharmacokinetics properties with the least acute toxicity through ADMET analysis. We also discovered other therapeutic applications of these ...
Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2020
In this work, the ternary titanium, copper and silver (Ti-Cu-Ag) system is investigated as a pote... more In this work, the ternary titanium, copper and silver (Ti-Cu-Ag) system is investigated as a potential candidate for the production of mechanically robust biomedical thin films. The coatings are produced by physical vapor deposition-magnetron sputtering (MS-PVD). The composite thin films are deposited on a silicon (100) substrate. The ratio between Ti and Cu was approximately kept one, with the variation of the Ag content between 10 and 35 at.%, while the power on the targets is changed during each deposition to get the desired Ag content. Thin film characterization is performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (modulus and hardness) and Atomic force microscopy to determine the surface topography. The residual stresses are measured by focused ion beam and digital image correlation method (FIB-DIC). The produced Ti-Cu-Ag thin films appear to be smooth, uniformly thick and exhibit amorphous structure for the Ag contents lower than 25 at.%, with a transition to partially cry...
Nanomaterials, 2020
Silver-based low-emissivity (low-E) coatings are applied on architectural glazing to cost-effecti... more Silver-based low-emissivity (low-E) coatings are applied on architectural glazing to cost-effectively reduce heat losses, as they generally consist of dielectric/Ag/dielectric multilayer stacks, where the thin Ag layer reflects long- wavelength infrared (IR), while the dielectric layers both protect the Ag and act as an anti-reflective barrier. The architecture of the multilayer stack influences its mechanical properties and it is strongly dependent on the residual stress distribution in the stack. Residual stress evaluation by combining focused ion beam (FIB) milling and digital image correlation (DIC), using the micro-ring core configuration (FIB-DIC), offers micron-scale lateral resolution and provides information about the residual stress variation with depth, i.e., it allows depth profiling for both equibiaxial and non-equibiaxial stress distributions and hence can be effectively used to characterize low-E coatings. In this work, we propose an innovative approach to improve the...
Matériaux & Techniques, 2019
Deux revêtements à base nickel obtenus par des bains réducteurs, l’un brut et l’autre ayant subi ... more Deux revêtements à base nickel obtenus par des bains réducteurs, l’un brut et l’autre ayant subi un traitement thermique sont étudiés. L’essai d’indentation a été mis en œuvre pour caractériser la dureté et le module de Young de ces dépôts. Les résultats montrent une bonne homogénéité des propriétés mécaniques dans l’épaisseur du revêtement, alors que le traitement thermique a eu pour effet d’augmenter sa dureté et son module de façon significative. Les contraintes résiduelles dans les revêtements sont étudiées par la méthode du micro anneau incrémental. Les contraintes calculées sont faibles, dispersées et ne semblent pas dépendre du traitement thermique. En l’absence de contraintes résiduelles avant et après traitement thermique, les variations de propriétés mécaniques ont été attribuées à la modification microstructurale du revêtement et à la précipitation de phases dures.
British Journal of Surgery, 2020
Background This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contr... more Background This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. Results A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) rec...
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 2020
Materials & Design, 2019
Materials & Design, 2018
Residual stresses play a crucial role in determining material properties and behaviour, in terms ... more Residual stresses play a crucial role in determining material properties and behaviour, in terms of structural integrity under monotonic and cyclic loading, and for functional performance, in terms of capacitance, conductivity, band gap, and other characteristics. The methods for experimental residual stress analysis at the macro-and micro-scales are well established, but residual stress evaluation at the nanoscale faces major challenges, e.g. the need for sample sectioning to prepare thin lamellae, by its very nature introducing major modifications to the quantity being evaluated. Residual stress analysis by micro-ring core Focused Ion Beam milling directly at sample surface offers lateral resolution better than 1µm, and encodes information about residual stress depth variation. We report a new method for residual stress depth profiling at the resolution better than 50nm by the application of a mathematically straightforward and robust approach based on the concept of eigenstrain. The results are validated by direct comparison with measurements by nano-focus synchrotron X-ray diffraction.
Data in brief, 2016
Novel high speed nanoindentation data is reported for 0% and 100% state of charge (SoC) for the s... more Novel high speed nanoindentation data is reported for 0% and 100% state of charge (SoC) for the spinal Li x Mn2O4 material. The article also includes the load/displacement data for different SoC highlighting the displacement bursts corresponding to the pillar splitting for fracture toughness evaluation. For more details, please see the article; Mughal et al. (2016) [1].
Materials & Design, 2016
Cureus
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic left a profound and per... more The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic left a profound and pervasive impact on the healthcare infrastructure on a global scale. Since its onset, the pattern of reported cases and its associated mortality had shown variability with intermittent peaks causing a significant effect on the psychological well-being of the surgeons of Pakistan. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being of surgeons in Pakistan. Methods This multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological well-being of surgeons in Pakistan. The validated Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) tool was circulated electronically via Google Forms (Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) in the practicing surgical fraternity across all five regions of Pakistan,
BJS Open, 2022
BackgroundPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointesti... more BackgroundPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointestinal surgery with an impact on short- and long-term survival. No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic model for AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery in two multicentre cohort studies.MethodsThe Outcomes After Kidney injury in Surgery (OAKS) prognostic model was developed to predict risk of AKI in the 7 days after surgery using six routine datapoints (age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker). Validation was performed within two independent cohorts: a prospective multicentre, international study (‘IMAGINE’) of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery (2018); and a retrospective regional cohort study (‘Tayside’) in major abdominal surg...
Analysis and control of residual stresses in advanced engineering materials are important issues ... more Analysis and control of residual stresses in advanced engineering materials are important issues for reliability assessment at small scales, e.g. for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-crystalline and amorphous bulk and thin film materials. This presentation gives an overview of the recent advances in the field of sub-micron scale residual stress assessment by the use of focused ion beam (FIB)-controlled material removal techniques. Materials and The two step method consists of incremental FIB ring-core milling combined with high-resolution in-situ SEMFEG imaging of the relaxing surface and a full field strain analysis by digital image correlation (DIC). The through-thickness profile of the residual stress can be also obtained by comparison of the experimentally measured surface strain with finite element modelling using Schajer’s integral method. In this presentation, we will review the most recent advances in the field of FIB-DIC methods for residual stress assessment...
Introduction: Intracranial abscess is a suppurative condition of the brain with high morbidity an... more Introduction: Intracranial abscess is a suppurative condition of the brain with high morbidity and mortality. It is common in the developing world and mostly with focus of infection anywhere in the body. Surgical removal and intravenous antibiotics are recommended treatments. Case Presentation: A 13 years old girl, presented with a history of undocumented fever and headache for 10 days. She had a previous history which states that accidental ingestion of safety pin which was seen in left bronchus on imaging, developed brain abscess which was treated surgically and with oral antibiotics. Conclusion: Intracranial abscess is a treatable but life-threatening condition. Conventional treatment is surgical drainage and removal of wall of abscess and six-week course of intravenous antibiotics, but in limited cases oral antibiotics can be equally effective.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV2) infected about 93 million people and killed over tw... more Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV2) infected about 93 million people and killed over two million worldwide. The disease transmits very quickly, therefore; due to its severity and widespread the World Health Organization has declared this menace as ‘Global Pandemic’. An urgent need was felt to manage this disease through aggressive and efficient research process all over the globe. That’s why drug re-purposing of 212 chemical entities (CEs) against SARS-COV2 was found to be one of the efficient ways in finding new indications of already discovered drugs amisdst of the discovery of a new drug. Results of this study revealed that out of 212 CEs, only Etodolac forms a hydrogen (H)-bond with a relatively low energy and active central fragment, demonstrating more significant interaction with SARS-CoV2 viral proteins. Other CEs exhibit good pharmacokinetics properties with the least acute toxicity through ADMET analysis. We also discovered other therapeutic applications of these ...
Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2020
In this work, the ternary titanium, copper and silver (Ti-Cu-Ag) system is investigated as a pote... more In this work, the ternary titanium, copper and silver (Ti-Cu-Ag) system is investigated as a potential candidate for the production of mechanically robust biomedical thin films. The coatings are produced by physical vapor deposition-magnetron sputtering (MS-PVD). The composite thin films are deposited on a silicon (100) substrate. The ratio between Ti and Cu was approximately kept one, with the variation of the Ag content between 10 and 35 at.%, while the power on the targets is changed during each deposition to get the desired Ag content. Thin film characterization is performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (modulus and hardness) and Atomic force microscopy to determine the surface topography. The residual stresses are measured by focused ion beam and digital image correlation method (FIB-DIC). The produced Ti-Cu-Ag thin films appear to be smooth, uniformly thick and exhibit amorphous structure for the Ag contents lower than 25 at.%, with a transition to partially cry...
Nanomaterials, 2020
Silver-based low-emissivity (low-E) coatings are applied on architectural glazing to cost-effecti... more Silver-based low-emissivity (low-E) coatings are applied on architectural glazing to cost-effectively reduce heat losses, as they generally consist of dielectric/Ag/dielectric multilayer stacks, where the thin Ag layer reflects long- wavelength infrared (IR), while the dielectric layers both protect the Ag and act as an anti-reflective barrier. The architecture of the multilayer stack influences its mechanical properties and it is strongly dependent on the residual stress distribution in the stack. Residual stress evaluation by combining focused ion beam (FIB) milling and digital image correlation (DIC), using the micro-ring core configuration (FIB-DIC), offers micron-scale lateral resolution and provides information about the residual stress variation with depth, i.e., it allows depth profiling for both equibiaxial and non-equibiaxial stress distributions and hence can be effectively used to characterize low-E coatings. In this work, we propose an innovative approach to improve the...
Matériaux & Techniques, 2019
Deux revêtements à base nickel obtenus par des bains réducteurs, l’un brut et l’autre ayant subi ... more Deux revêtements à base nickel obtenus par des bains réducteurs, l’un brut et l’autre ayant subi un traitement thermique sont étudiés. L’essai d’indentation a été mis en œuvre pour caractériser la dureté et le module de Young de ces dépôts. Les résultats montrent une bonne homogénéité des propriétés mécaniques dans l’épaisseur du revêtement, alors que le traitement thermique a eu pour effet d’augmenter sa dureté et son module de façon significative. Les contraintes résiduelles dans les revêtements sont étudiées par la méthode du micro anneau incrémental. Les contraintes calculées sont faibles, dispersées et ne semblent pas dépendre du traitement thermique. En l’absence de contraintes résiduelles avant et après traitement thermique, les variations de propriétés mécaniques ont été attribuées à la modification microstructurale du revêtement et à la précipitation de phases dures.
British Journal of Surgery, 2020
Background This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contr... more Background This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. Results A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) rec...
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 2020
Materials & Design, 2019
Materials & Design, 2018
Residual stresses play a crucial role in determining material properties and behaviour, in terms ... more Residual stresses play a crucial role in determining material properties and behaviour, in terms of structural integrity under monotonic and cyclic loading, and for functional performance, in terms of capacitance, conductivity, band gap, and other characteristics. The methods for experimental residual stress analysis at the macro-and micro-scales are well established, but residual stress evaluation at the nanoscale faces major challenges, e.g. the need for sample sectioning to prepare thin lamellae, by its very nature introducing major modifications to the quantity being evaluated. Residual stress analysis by micro-ring core Focused Ion Beam milling directly at sample surface offers lateral resolution better than 1µm, and encodes information about residual stress depth variation. We report a new method for residual stress depth profiling at the resolution better than 50nm by the application of a mathematically straightforward and robust approach based on the concept of eigenstrain. The results are validated by direct comparison with measurements by nano-focus synchrotron X-ray diffraction.
Data in brief, 2016
Novel high speed nanoindentation data is reported for 0% and 100% state of charge (SoC) for the s... more Novel high speed nanoindentation data is reported for 0% and 100% state of charge (SoC) for the spinal Li x Mn2O4 material. The article also includes the load/displacement data for different SoC highlighting the displacement bursts corresponding to the pillar splitting for fracture toughness evaluation. For more details, please see the article; Mughal et al. (2016) [1].
Materials & Design, 2016