H L Tiwari | Manit Bhopal (original) (raw)

Papers by H L Tiwari

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2023

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018

Ten general circulation models (GCMs) – BCCR-BCCM2.0, Can-ESM2, CGCM3, CSIRO-Mk3.0, GFDL-CM2.0, G... more Ten general circulation models (GCMs) – BCCR-BCCM2.0, Can-ESM2, CGCM3, CSIRO-Mk3.0, GFDL-CM2.0, GFDL-CM2.1, GISS, HADCM3, HADGEM1 and MIROC3.2 were analysed for prediction of precipitation for Hoshangabad region, Madhya Pradesh India. The performance indicator, skill score (SS),technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) techniques were employed for the selection of the best GCM. The multi-criterion decision making method (MCDM), technique TOPSIS was employed to evaluate and rank the 10 GCMs. On the basis of skill score and TOPSIS, GCMs Can- ESM2, CGCM3, GFDL2.0, HadCM3, MIROC3.2 is recommended for the study area. It is also found that GCMs CSIRO-Mk3.0 and GISS occupied the last two positions for Hoshangabad region, M.P., India.

This paper aims to review the rainfall trend and different approaches for trend detection. Non – ... more This paper aims to review the rainfall trend and different approaches for trend detection. Non – parametric Mann Kendall test were used for trend analysis and Sen’s slope is helpful for finding magnitude. The different review shows the variation of rainfall all over the world and also discuss the auto – correlation effect in hydrological data. It was observed that rainfall trend is vary from location and also depend on other factor like topography of region. Index Terms Rainfall, Trend analysis, Mann – Kendall test, Sen’s slope, Modified Mann – Kendall Test. Introduction Rainfall is important hydro-metrological parameter, which has played a vital role in hydrological cycle and change in pattern directly affect the water resources of specific region (Padhiary 2018). The rainfall data can be analyzed in different forms like trend analysis, frequency analysis and extreme event analysis. Trend analysis is process to determine the spatial – temporal variation for different hydro – metrol...

In this research paper performance of new stilling basin models for pipe outlet stilling basin we... more In this research paper performance of new stilling basin models for pipe outlet stilling basin were investigated experimentally by using different shape and size of intermediate sills along with impact wall and end sill .The experimental study was carried out for two Froude numbers namely 3.85 and 1.85 for rectangular pipe outlet of size 10.8 cm. x 6.3 cm. Performance index (PI) has been defined to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run. After 36 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a specific size and shape at a particular location of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Newly developed model emerges more efficient as compared to other tested stilling basin models

This paper presents an experimental study about scour pattern downstream of stilling basin for no... more This paper presents an experimental study about scour pattern downstream of stilling basin for non circular pipe outlet using end sill of different geometry. The study was conducted by designing new stilling basin models in a rectangular shaped pipe outlet of size 10.8cm x 6.3 cm with three inflow Froude numbers namely, Fr = 1.85, 2.85 and 3.85. To study the scour pattern downstream of stilling basin, total 33 test runs were conducted using same test run time and sand bed material. The scour pattern (depth and location) after the end sill were measured for each test run. The study indicates that there is a significant effect of the shape of the end sill geometry on the reduction of scour depth downstream of end sill for the pipe outlet stilling basin.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014

Rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most important phenomena in hydrologic design of hydro... more Rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most important phenomena in hydrologic design of hydrological structures and drainage systems. The estimation of runoff volume of a catchment is an important aspect in engineering planning, environmental impact assessment, flood forecasting and water balance calculations. There are basically two types of methods for the estimation of runoff namely the direct method and the indirect method. The direct method is based on the direct measurements while the other one is based on the equations. One of the indirect methods for the computation of runoff is the National Resource Conservation Service curve number method. This paper gives a review of the origin of the curve number method and development of the curve number equations. The Natural Resource Conservation Service curve number technique is a well-accepted tool for estimation of direct runoff from storm rainfall. CN model is used where constraints like slope, land cover, type of soil, area o...

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021

The present work focuses on (1) estimation of future yield of wheat and soybean crop under RCPs s... more The present work focuses on (1) estimation of future yield of wheat and soybean crop under RCPs scenario 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 for years 2020, 2050 and 2080 using FAO AquaCrop yield simulating model and (2) assessment of shifting planting date as adaptation measure to mitigate climate change impact for Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh. Statistically downscaled General Circulation Model CanESM2 data was used as input to AquaCrop for generation of future data. The AquaCrop yield model was first checked for its suitability and accuracy in prediction of yield for years 2000–2015, model nash sutcliffe efficiency 0.79, 0.84, RMSE 300.7, 104.4 and coefficient of determination (R2) 0.91, 0.88 were obtained for wheat and soybean crops, respectively. The results depicts that RCP 8.5 shows the highest impact with reduction in wheat and soybean yield for projected year 2080. Under the changed climate, shifting planting date from of wheat from 15th November to 30th November and 1st July to 10th July f...

International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2016

Many devices are fabricated to measure discharge in open channel. The flow over a free overall (b... more Many devices are fabricated to measure discharge in open channel. The flow over a free overall (brink phenomenon) can be used as a device to measure discharge in open channels with known the end depth. This paper presents mathematical studies to evaluate efficiency of the brink as device of measuring flow rate in horizontal, mild and adverse open channels. The general mathematical model is derived using momentum, discharge and Froude number equations for horizontal, mild and adverse slopes open channels. A proposed mathematical model is calibrated by previous experimental data. Equation gives accurate discharge from known end water depth. The characteristics include, water depth over free overfall, critical and brink depthat lip of free overfall, the effect of bed roughness of free overfall on flow depths (normal, critical and brink depth) we obtained a relation between these depths and compared the those with results without roughness for the same discharges. A free overfall at the end of the channel is used as a flow measuring device. In this paper, theoretical end depth ratio (EDR) and end depth discharge (EDD) relationships have been studied. Despite the many theoretical studies carried out in channels having different cross-section shape, slope, and roughness, the problem of the free overfall as a flow measuring device has not been completely solved, and other studies are needed. A theoretically based enddepth-discharge relationship is obtained for both subcritical and supercritical flow in rectangular, triangular, circular, Ushape and trapezoidal channels. For each cross-section shape, discharges predicted using the theoretical relationship.

Hydraulic Energy dissipators are devices to protect downstream areas of basin from erosion by red... more Hydraulic Energy dissipators are devices to protect downstream areas of basin from erosion by reducing the velocity of flow up to an acceptable limit. The stilling basins are transition structures fabricated to dissipate excess energy confined by flow with high velocity at the outlet of conduit or tunnel so that the flow beyond the basin does not threaten the firmness of bed and banks of downstream channel in structures like culvert spillways, canal, etc. from scouring. Henceforth proper attention needed by hydraulic engineers for t he design of energy dissipators so as to obtain optimum energy dissipation at outlet. The type of stilling basin most suitable at a particular location mainly depends upon initial velocity of flow and initial Froude Number. This paper describe about the different type of energy dessipators with different appurtanances used in hydraulic structures for protection work.

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, 2014

This research paper investigates about the performance of stilling basin models with different ge... more This research paper investigates about the performance of stilling basin models with different geometry of intermediate sill having height equivalent to the diameter of pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance i ndex (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After 15 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a specific geometry of intermediate sill having saquare shape of the height 1d at a particular location on stilling basin floor combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Performance of this model was found to be better than USBR VI impact basin for similar flow condition.

This paper investigates the gap of baffle wall in stilling basin design for the enhancement of en... more This paper investigates the gap of baffle wall in stilling basin design for the enhancement of energy dissipation in order to protect the downstream structures from excessive scouring. Experiments have been carried out by keeping the baffle wall at same location for Froude numbers 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 to evolve the new stilling basin model by changing the gap beneath the wall above the basin. Performance of outlet basins having baffle wall of at same location with varying the gap were evaluated based on dimensionless number called as performance index (PI), which is the ratio of grains Froude number to scour index. Higher values of PI indicate better performance of the basin. It is concluded that by placing the appropriate baffle wall size at suitable location with proper gap, the efficiency of basin increases.

International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2018

Future runoff prediction is linked to a prior knowledge of future probable precipitation amounts.... more Future runoff prediction is linked to a prior knowledge of future probable precipitation amounts. Hydrological models are a way that can enable transforming observed precipitations into stream flow. In this work a GIS based hydrologic model, SWAT is used in an Upper Narmada River basin at Patan in Jabalpur (M.P). The importance of this thesis comes due to Upper Narmada River is a river in which every year the discharge amount varies according to the weather condition. Some of the months the river is flooded and in some of the years the river is in drought condition. Due to this reason it will be very useful if we can roughly predict the runoff amount. Depending upon the river discharge amount we can decide whether there will be flood or drought condition in the watershed.The catchment area for this watershed has an approximate drainage area of 3950 km2, which is divided into 97 sub basins and 907 HRUs.SWAT model is developed to evaluate different parameters of the water resources li...

Accurate flow measurement is very important for proper and equitable distribution of water among ... more Accurate flow measurement is very important for proper and equitable distribution of water among water users. Due to increasing utilization and the value of water, measuring techniques become more important and necessary information concerning the volume of available water is very useful in planning for its future use and distribution for hydraulic engineers. There are several types of flow measurement devices currently in surface flow among the major types of measurement devices used in surface water are: weirs, flumes, current meters, turbine meters, ultrasonic meters, pitot tubes etc. The most common water measurement devices are sharp crested weirs and Parshall flumes. This paper describes about the flow characteristics

New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 15, 2021

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2014

The stilling basins are used to dissipate the energy of flowing water and protect the downstream ... more The stilling basins are used to dissipate the energy of flowing water and protect the downstream structures like spillways, canals, etc. from the scouring. The aim of the present experimental investigation is to design the new stilling basin models for non circular pipe outlet using intermediate sill of different shapes having height equal to the diameter of pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for pipe outlet. Scour index (SI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models with different shapes of intermediate sill, tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After twelve tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a shaped of intermediate sill having height equal to the diameter of pipe outlet at a particular location of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape along with impact wall. Performance of this model having square shaped intermediate sill was found to be much better than USBR VI impact basin model for similar flow conditions.

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology, 2017

ank model is one of the very popular model of in the field of rainfall-runoff modelling. Tank mod... more ank model is one of the very popular model of in the field of rainfall-runoff modelling. Tank model originally developed by Sugawara in 1967 an Japan but later on it is used by number of researchers, hydrologists and scholars not only in India but also in different parts of the world. This paper describes the concept of rainfall runoff modelling using Tank model. For the present study, the Tank model was used for the Narmada river basin of Central India for the GDQ site situated at Dindori, area of the basin was approximately 2292 square kilometres. Daily precipitation data, daily discharge data and daily PPT data from the year 2000 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2005 were used for the calibration and validation respectively. Coefficient of determination values were found as 0.8191 for the calibration and 0.6972 for the validation. So the values of coefficient of determination show that the model is suitable for the Narmada upper basin of central India. Scattered plot between the observed runoff values and the simulated runoff values obtained from the Tank model was also plotted. From this study it can be concluded that the Tank model is suitable for the Indian river basins for the estimation of runoff.

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology, 2017

ater is the natural important resource which needs preservation, control and management. The wate... more ater is the natural important resource which needs preservation, control and management. The water resources can be managed by implementing and improving the engineering practices. A rainfall-runoff model is a mathematical model that describes catchment and gives relationship between precipitation and runoff. The AWBM model is a conceptual, lumped rainfall-runoff model. The AWBM takes daily time series rainfall, discharge and evapotranspiration data as input. In this research paper, the AWBM model is been critically reviewed. This study will be helpful for the potential model users especially beginner's in the simulation of rainfall runoff of any catchment.

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2014

This research paper investigates the effect of height of triangular intermediate sill on the perf... more This research paper investigates the effect of height of triangular intermediate sill on the performance of stilling basin models for non circular pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance index (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After 24 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a particular height of triangular of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Performance of this model was found to be better than USBR VI impact basin for similar flow condition.

American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2014

An experimental investigation on effect of end sill on the performance of stilling basin models f... more An experimental investigation on effect of end sill on the performance of stilling basin models for a non circular pipe outlet has been presented in this research paper. New physical models for non circular pipe outlet stilling basin have been developed in the laboratory. These newly models were tested in the laboratory for three Froude numbers namely Fr = 1.85, 2.85 and 3.85. The new models are developed by changing the geometry of end sill of same height while keeping the other configuration of stilling basin geometry same. Total twenty one test runs of one hour duration each were performed. The performance of the models was compared by performance number (PN) to evaluate the performance. The study indicated that, for the given Froude number range, the triangular end sill of height 1d with width 1d (slope 1V:1H), is performing better in comparison to other shapes of the end sill for the given flow conditions. The study also confirmed that there is a significant effect of the shape of the end sill geometry on the performance of the stilling basin models.

A stilling basins are transition structures constructed to dissipate excess energy confined by hi... more A stilling basins are transition structures constructed to dissipate excess energy confined by high velocity flow at the outlet of conduit or tunnel so that the flow beyond the basin does not endanger the stability of bed and banks of downstream channel. In a stilling basin kinetic energy causes turbulences and it is ultimately lost as heat and sound energy. there are several types of stilling basins which are used in various hydraulic structures like dam, canal, culvert etc. The type of stilling basin most suitable at a particular location mainly depends upon initial Froude Number and initial velocity of flow. This paper covers design principles and features of various stilling basins used for outlet works.

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2023

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018

Ten general circulation models (GCMs) – BCCR-BCCM2.0, Can-ESM2, CGCM3, CSIRO-Mk3.0, GFDL-CM2.0, G... more Ten general circulation models (GCMs) – BCCR-BCCM2.0, Can-ESM2, CGCM3, CSIRO-Mk3.0, GFDL-CM2.0, GFDL-CM2.1, GISS, HADCM3, HADGEM1 and MIROC3.2 were analysed for prediction of precipitation for Hoshangabad region, Madhya Pradesh India. The performance indicator, skill score (SS),technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) techniques were employed for the selection of the best GCM. The multi-criterion decision making method (MCDM), technique TOPSIS was employed to evaluate and rank the 10 GCMs. On the basis of skill score and TOPSIS, GCMs Can- ESM2, CGCM3, GFDL2.0, HadCM3, MIROC3.2 is recommended for the study area. It is also found that GCMs CSIRO-Mk3.0 and GISS occupied the last two positions for Hoshangabad region, M.P., India.

This paper aims to review the rainfall trend and different approaches for trend detection. Non – ... more This paper aims to review the rainfall trend and different approaches for trend detection. Non – parametric Mann Kendall test were used for trend analysis and Sen’s slope is helpful for finding magnitude. The different review shows the variation of rainfall all over the world and also discuss the auto – correlation effect in hydrological data. It was observed that rainfall trend is vary from location and also depend on other factor like topography of region. Index Terms Rainfall, Trend analysis, Mann – Kendall test, Sen’s slope, Modified Mann – Kendall Test. Introduction Rainfall is important hydro-metrological parameter, which has played a vital role in hydrological cycle and change in pattern directly affect the water resources of specific region (Padhiary 2018). The rainfall data can be analyzed in different forms like trend analysis, frequency analysis and extreme event analysis. Trend analysis is process to determine the spatial – temporal variation for different hydro – metrol...

In this research paper performance of new stilling basin models for pipe outlet stilling basin we... more In this research paper performance of new stilling basin models for pipe outlet stilling basin were investigated experimentally by using different shape and size of intermediate sills along with impact wall and end sill .The experimental study was carried out for two Froude numbers namely 3.85 and 1.85 for rectangular pipe outlet of size 10.8 cm. x 6.3 cm. Performance index (PI) has been defined to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run. After 36 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a specific size and shape at a particular location of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Newly developed model emerges more efficient as compared to other tested stilling basin models

This paper presents an experimental study about scour pattern downstream of stilling basin for no... more This paper presents an experimental study about scour pattern downstream of stilling basin for non circular pipe outlet using end sill of different geometry. The study was conducted by designing new stilling basin models in a rectangular shaped pipe outlet of size 10.8cm x 6.3 cm with three inflow Froude numbers namely, Fr = 1.85, 2.85 and 3.85. To study the scour pattern downstream of stilling basin, total 33 test runs were conducted using same test run time and sand bed material. The scour pattern (depth and location) after the end sill were measured for each test run. The study indicates that there is a significant effect of the shape of the end sill geometry on the reduction of scour depth downstream of end sill for the pipe outlet stilling basin.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014

Rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most important phenomena in hydrologic design of hydro... more Rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most important phenomena in hydrologic design of hydrological structures and drainage systems. The estimation of runoff volume of a catchment is an important aspect in engineering planning, environmental impact assessment, flood forecasting and water balance calculations. There are basically two types of methods for the estimation of runoff namely the direct method and the indirect method. The direct method is based on the direct measurements while the other one is based on the equations. One of the indirect methods for the computation of runoff is the National Resource Conservation Service curve number method. This paper gives a review of the origin of the curve number method and development of the curve number equations. The Natural Resource Conservation Service curve number technique is a well-accepted tool for estimation of direct runoff from storm rainfall. CN model is used where constraints like slope, land cover, type of soil, area o...

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021

The present work focuses on (1) estimation of future yield of wheat and soybean crop under RCPs s... more The present work focuses on (1) estimation of future yield of wheat and soybean crop under RCPs scenario 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 for years 2020, 2050 and 2080 using FAO AquaCrop yield simulating model and (2) assessment of shifting planting date as adaptation measure to mitigate climate change impact for Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh. Statistically downscaled General Circulation Model CanESM2 data was used as input to AquaCrop for generation of future data. The AquaCrop yield model was first checked for its suitability and accuracy in prediction of yield for years 2000–2015, model nash sutcliffe efficiency 0.79, 0.84, RMSE 300.7, 104.4 and coefficient of determination (R2) 0.91, 0.88 were obtained for wheat and soybean crops, respectively. The results depicts that RCP 8.5 shows the highest impact with reduction in wheat and soybean yield for projected year 2080. Under the changed climate, shifting planting date from of wheat from 15th November to 30th November and 1st July to 10th July f...

International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2016

Many devices are fabricated to measure discharge in open channel. The flow over a free overall (b... more Many devices are fabricated to measure discharge in open channel. The flow over a free overall (brink phenomenon) can be used as a device to measure discharge in open channels with known the end depth. This paper presents mathematical studies to evaluate efficiency of the brink as device of measuring flow rate in horizontal, mild and adverse open channels. The general mathematical model is derived using momentum, discharge and Froude number equations for horizontal, mild and adverse slopes open channels. A proposed mathematical model is calibrated by previous experimental data. Equation gives accurate discharge from known end water depth. The characteristics include, water depth over free overfall, critical and brink depthat lip of free overfall, the effect of bed roughness of free overfall on flow depths (normal, critical and brink depth) we obtained a relation between these depths and compared the those with results without roughness for the same discharges. A free overfall at the end of the channel is used as a flow measuring device. In this paper, theoretical end depth ratio (EDR) and end depth discharge (EDD) relationships have been studied. Despite the many theoretical studies carried out in channels having different cross-section shape, slope, and roughness, the problem of the free overfall as a flow measuring device has not been completely solved, and other studies are needed. A theoretically based enddepth-discharge relationship is obtained for both subcritical and supercritical flow in rectangular, triangular, circular, Ushape and trapezoidal channels. For each cross-section shape, discharges predicted using the theoretical relationship.

Hydraulic Energy dissipators are devices to protect downstream areas of basin from erosion by red... more Hydraulic Energy dissipators are devices to protect downstream areas of basin from erosion by reducing the velocity of flow up to an acceptable limit. The stilling basins are transition structures fabricated to dissipate excess energy confined by flow with high velocity at the outlet of conduit or tunnel so that the flow beyond the basin does not threaten the firmness of bed and banks of downstream channel in structures like culvert spillways, canal, etc. from scouring. Henceforth proper attention needed by hydraulic engineers for t he design of energy dissipators so as to obtain optimum energy dissipation at outlet. The type of stilling basin most suitable at a particular location mainly depends upon initial velocity of flow and initial Froude Number. This paper describe about the different type of energy dessipators with different appurtanances used in hydraulic structures for protection work.

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, 2014

This research paper investigates about the performance of stilling basin models with different ge... more This research paper investigates about the performance of stilling basin models with different geometry of intermediate sill having height equivalent to the diameter of pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance i ndex (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After 15 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a specific geometry of intermediate sill having saquare shape of the height 1d at a particular location on stilling basin floor combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Performance of this model was found to be better than USBR VI impact basin for similar flow condition.

This paper investigates the gap of baffle wall in stilling basin design for the enhancement of en... more This paper investigates the gap of baffle wall in stilling basin design for the enhancement of energy dissipation in order to protect the downstream structures from excessive scouring. Experiments have been carried out by keeping the baffle wall at same location for Froude numbers 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 to evolve the new stilling basin model by changing the gap beneath the wall above the basin. Performance of outlet basins having baffle wall of at same location with varying the gap were evaluated based on dimensionless number called as performance index (PI), which is the ratio of grains Froude number to scour index. Higher values of PI indicate better performance of the basin. It is concluded that by placing the appropriate baffle wall size at suitable location with proper gap, the efficiency of basin increases.

International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2018

Future runoff prediction is linked to a prior knowledge of future probable precipitation amounts.... more Future runoff prediction is linked to a prior knowledge of future probable precipitation amounts. Hydrological models are a way that can enable transforming observed precipitations into stream flow. In this work a GIS based hydrologic model, SWAT is used in an Upper Narmada River basin at Patan in Jabalpur (M.P). The importance of this thesis comes due to Upper Narmada River is a river in which every year the discharge amount varies according to the weather condition. Some of the months the river is flooded and in some of the years the river is in drought condition. Due to this reason it will be very useful if we can roughly predict the runoff amount. Depending upon the river discharge amount we can decide whether there will be flood or drought condition in the watershed.The catchment area for this watershed has an approximate drainage area of 3950 km2, which is divided into 97 sub basins and 907 HRUs.SWAT model is developed to evaluate different parameters of the water resources li...

Accurate flow measurement is very important for proper and equitable distribution of water among ... more Accurate flow measurement is very important for proper and equitable distribution of water among water users. Due to increasing utilization and the value of water, measuring techniques become more important and necessary information concerning the volume of available water is very useful in planning for its future use and distribution for hydraulic engineers. There are several types of flow measurement devices currently in surface flow among the major types of measurement devices used in surface water are: weirs, flumes, current meters, turbine meters, ultrasonic meters, pitot tubes etc. The most common water measurement devices are sharp crested weirs and Parshall flumes. This paper describes about the flow characteristics

New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 15, 2021

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2014

The stilling basins are used to dissipate the energy of flowing water and protect the downstream ... more The stilling basins are used to dissipate the energy of flowing water and protect the downstream structures like spillways, canals, etc. from the scouring. The aim of the present experimental investigation is to design the new stilling basin models for non circular pipe outlet using intermediate sill of different shapes having height equal to the diameter of pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for pipe outlet. Scour index (SI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models with different shapes of intermediate sill, tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After twelve tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a shaped of intermediate sill having height equal to the diameter of pipe outlet at a particular location of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape along with impact wall. Performance of this model having square shaped intermediate sill was found to be much better than USBR VI impact basin model for similar flow conditions.

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology, 2017

ank model is one of the very popular model of in the field of rainfall-runoff modelling. Tank mod... more ank model is one of the very popular model of in the field of rainfall-runoff modelling. Tank model originally developed by Sugawara in 1967 an Japan but later on it is used by number of researchers, hydrologists and scholars not only in India but also in different parts of the world. This paper describes the concept of rainfall runoff modelling using Tank model. For the present study, the Tank model was used for the Narmada river basin of Central India for the GDQ site situated at Dindori, area of the basin was approximately 2292 square kilometres. Daily precipitation data, daily discharge data and daily PPT data from the year 2000 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2005 were used for the calibration and validation respectively. Coefficient of determination values were found as 0.8191 for the calibration and 0.6972 for the validation. So the values of coefficient of determination show that the model is suitable for the Narmada upper basin of central India. Scattered plot between the observed runoff values and the simulated runoff values obtained from the Tank model was also plotted. From this study it can be concluded that the Tank model is suitable for the Indian river basins for the estimation of runoff.

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology, 2017

ater is the natural important resource which needs preservation, control and management. The wate... more ater is the natural important resource which needs preservation, control and management. The water resources can be managed by implementing and improving the engineering practices. A rainfall-runoff model is a mathematical model that describes catchment and gives relationship between precipitation and runoff. The AWBM model is a conceptual, lumped rainfall-runoff model. The AWBM takes daily time series rainfall, discharge and evapotranspiration data as input. In this research paper, the AWBM model is been critically reviewed. This study will be helpful for the potential model users especially beginner's in the simulation of rainfall runoff of any catchment.

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2014

This research paper investigates the effect of height of triangular intermediate sill on the perf... more This research paper investigates the effect of height of triangular intermediate sill on the performance of stilling basin models for non circular pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance index (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed. After 24 tests runs, it was found that scour process were reduced for a particular height of triangular of intermediate sill combined with end sill of particular size and shape. Performance of this model was found to be better than USBR VI impact basin for similar flow condition.

American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2014

An experimental investigation on effect of end sill on the performance of stilling basin models f... more An experimental investigation on effect of end sill on the performance of stilling basin models for a non circular pipe outlet has been presented in this research paper. New physical models for non circular pipe outlet stilling basin have been developed in the laboratory. These newly models were tested in the laboratory for three Froude numbers namely Fr = 1.85, 2.85 and 3.85. The new models are developed by changing the geometry of end sill of same height while keeping the other configuration of stilling basin geometry same. Total twenty one test runs of one hour duration each were performed. The performance of the models was compared by performance number (PN) to evaluate the performance. The study indicated that, for the given Froude number range, the triangular end sill of height 1d with width 1d (slope 1V:1H), is performing better in comparison to other shapes of the end sill for the given flow conditions. The study also confirmed that there is a significant effect of the shape of the end sill geometry on the performance of the stilling basin models.

A stilling basins are transition structures constructed to dissipate excess energy confined by hi... more A stilling basins are transition structures constructed to dissipate excess energy confined by high velocity flow at the outlet of conduit or tunnel so that the flow beyond the basin does not endanger the stability of bed and banks of downstream channel. In a stilling basin kinetic energy causes turbulences and it is ultimately lost as heat and sound energy. there are several types of stilling basins which are used in various hydraulic structures like dam, canal, culvert etc. The type of stilling basin most suitable at a particular location mainly depends upon initial Froude Number and initial velocity of flow. This paper covers design principles and features of various stilling basins used for outlet works.