Md Abdul K Masud | Inha University (original) (raw)
Papers by Md Abdul K Masud
Sustainability , 2019
Professional expert directors extensively influence corporate corruption disclosure (CCD), while ... more Professional expert directors extensively influence corporate corruption disclosure (CCD), while higher political connections may exacerbate corporate management. This study investigates the relationship between the presence of external experts on a board and CCD, as well as the moderating effect of political connections, on the positive role of legal experts in CCD. The study combines agency, resource dependence and stakeholder theories to show how resourceful directors on the board can promote corruption disclosure. Using data on listed firms in the Bangladeshi financial sector, the study analyzes 247 firm-year observations from 2012 to 2016. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicate that accounting experts, legal experts, political connections and corporate media visibility each have a positive and significant influence on CCD. Moreover, the moderating effect of political connections on the relationship between legal experts and CCD is negative and significant due to their higher political influences. The study has significant implications for corporate governance and for policies concerning the development of the economy while reducing corruption.
Asian Journal of Sustainability and Social Responsibility, 2019
The purpose of this paper is to explore the main actors' views on the current state of sustainabi... more The purpose of this paper is to explore the main actors' views on the current state of sustainability reporting in a developing country context. This qualitative study is based on the interviews of 20 individuals and organizations from Pakistan who were identified as main actors involved in the practice of sustainability reporting. This paper draws on the arguments of multiple theoretical frameworks, including legitimacy theory, stakeholders' theory, institutional theory, political cost theory, and signalling theory. Following a semi-structured interview protocol, main actors were asked to share their views on the drivers and barriers of sustainability reporting, sufficiency and suitability of sustainability-related regulation and standards, perceived benefits of sustainability reporting, level of stakeholder engagement and transparency. Interviews were then analysed to compare the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups on various issues. This paper concludes that, like other emerging and developing economies, the practice of sustainability reporting is largely driven by the external forces. Foreign buyers, international professional associations and standard-setting organizations are playing a pivotal role in the emergence and development of sustainability reporting. Sustainability reporting awards also played an important role as they provide the normative basis and intangible benefits for reporting. Despite these external forces driving the emergence and development of SR in Pakistan, the structural and cultural conditions that exist in the societal context of Pakistan significantly impact the disclosure practices and organizational rationales for SR. In particular, weak government structures, lack of awareness and interest in sustainability matters, lack of regulation, lack of enforcement capabilities, lack of a political will has been identified as the main barriers of SR. The paper explores the perceptions of both managerial and non-managerial stakeholders regarding the current state of sustainability reporting in Pakistan.
Comparatively less research has examined the effect of corporate governance (CG) elements on envi... more Comparatively less research has examined the effect of corporate governance (CG) elements on environmental sustainability reporting performance (ESRP) in South Asian (SA) countries. Further, no study in literature documents a crosscountry examination of CG and ESRP in this region. The study takes three SA countries (Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan) and 88 listed organizations' sustainability reports during the years 2009–2016 from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) database. The study considers a variety of mixed theoretical frameworks—i.e., agency, resource dependency, stakeholder, legitimacy and political cost theories—to indicate which ownership (foreign, institutional, director and family) and board characteristics (independence, size, diversity and committee) affect ESRP practices in the world's most environmentally vulnerable region. Our empirical results indicate ESRP has a positive association with foreign and institutional ownership, board independence, and board size. Moreover, we find director share ownership significantly relates with ESRP. In contrast, our results also reveal no association between ESRP and family ownership, female directorship, and CSR and environmental committees. We conclude that more family control, a lack of female participation, and the unavailability of resourceful management personnel primarily impedes ESRP practices in the SA countries' organizations. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications for academia, policy-makers, and corporate managers in this region.
Research, 2018
There is a dearth of research on corporate governance and total sustainability disclosure (econom... more There is a dearth of research on corporate governance and total sustainability disclosure (economic, environmental, and social) in developing, particularly South Asian, countries. This is unique crosscountry research on South Asian countries' corporate governance elements and total sustainability disclosure practices. The study considers a set of insightful theories, namely, the signaling and agency theories of understanding the motives and drivers of sustainability reporting. Based on data from the Global Reporting Initiative database, the study analyzes Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. We have collected annual report and sustainability reports from the GRI database for the period between 2009 and 2016. Based on the signaling and agency theories, the study investigates how board and shareholding structures convey signals to the market and different stakeholders. Our empirical results find that total sustainability disclosure has a positive and significant relationship with foreign shareholding, institutional shareholding, board independence, and board size. On the other hand, we document that director shareholding is negatively but significantly associated with total sustainability disclosure. Therefore, we conclude that corporate governance elements have very strong influential power to send positive signals to the market that lead to reduced information asymmetry and ensuring honest signals from different stakeholders.
Research, 2018
Green reporting and green regulation have been commonly used in the sustainability movement. This... more Green reporting and green regulation have been commonly used in the sustainability movement. This study evaluates Bangladesh Bank's (BB's) green regulation by considering the global reporting initiative (GRI) of environmental regulation along with self-determined content to justify BB's institutional effort in the banking sector. The analytical study has considered secondary data of all listed banks on the Dhaka Stock Exchange between 2013 to 2016. A multi-theoretical framework has been adopted in which the research is comprised of institutional, stakeholder, and legitimacy theories. Considering the analytical research, we have drawn-up a green reporting score and undertaken SWOT analysis. The results of the study have identified the narrow coverage of BB's regulation and strategic limitations. Moreover, the findings of the study show that banking companies disclosed more green information in line with BB's regulation. Furthermore, our analysis has found the lack of transparency of green reporting in terms of absent global reporting as well as external verification. Additionally, we have documented that BB's regulation falls into a legitimacy threat owing to political, corporate, and social responsibility. Therefore, we concluded that for BB to overcome all possible weaknesses and threats, it should consider all possible opportunities for a holistic international reporting framework while taking into account a transparent financial sector.
MDPI, Sep 26, 2017
" Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degrad... more " Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degradation, and waste management ". Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degradation, and waste management. This study was designed to investigate the extent and nature of environmental accounting and reporting of listed banks in Bangladesh in 12 major categories. Information was collected from the annual reports of 20 banks listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange for the period 2010 to 2014. The results indicate that the banks examined significantly disclosed environmental information for the 12 categories. The study found that banks disclosed the most environmental information for green banking and renewable energy categories, whereas they disclosed the least for environmental recognition and waste management categories. Furthermore, yearly comparison reveals that disclosure of environmental information increased sharply from 16% in 2010 to 83% in 2014. In addition, Bangladesh Bank's recent fruitful initiatives on environmental disclosures were reviewed, and the findings of the 12 categories have managerial implications for policy makers in corporations as well as the government. It is recommended that professional accounting bodies of Bangladesh, along with international and government policy makers develop a separate conceptual framework for environmental accounting and reporting for the financial and non-financial sectors of the country.
"Problems and Perspectives in Management ", 2016
The research aims to evaluate different levels of management understanding and performance on Cor... more The research aims to evaluate different levels of management understanding and performance on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of traditional banks and Islamic banks in Bangladesh. Moreover, the paper points out the philosophy of both banks’ policy makers. The study is exclusively analytical in nature where 14 banks were selected on the basis of availability of branches in the research area. The research was based on primary data sources through a structured questionnaire. The research findings revealed that there is a gap between policy makers’ assurance of CSR contribution and its real implementation. The analysis found that Islamic banks are better than traditional banks with regard to the implementation of CSR policies. The result also showed that there are still some controversies on CSR performance of
Islamic and traditional banks in general. The study also observed that Islamic, as well as traditional banks’ different levels of management conceive that CSR activities are performed by banks for their own interest rather than for social welfare. Therefore, it must be emphasized that good CSR policy is inevitable for all types of banks in Bangladesh. For the betterment of the society, as well as the banks, all levels of management should harmonize their CSR philosophy.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, management performance, traditional bank, Islamic bank, Bangladesh.
JEL Classification: G21, M10, M14.
he financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a count... more he financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a country is a developing in nature. In such an environment, banking sector plays the vital role to strengthen the economic conditions. Economic growth and international business is increasing in Bangladesh and commercial banks especially private sectors play the major roles. Thus it becomes important to measure the financial soundness of the private banks in order to judge their respective position. The study was conducted to measure the financial soundness of selected private commercial banks of Bangladesh for the period 2006 to 2014. In this paper, an attempt was made to analyze the financial soundness and trend analysis of selected banks using different statistical tools and financial indicators. The study reveals that different financial indicators showed upward trends during the period 2006 to 2014. The study also made a rank of the selected commercial banks based on financial indicators. It was found that a bank with higher deposits, loans & advances, investments, branches, employees does not always mean that has better profitability performance. The research focused on general financial situation (Deposit, Loans & Advances, investment, income, ROA, ROE) forecasting through trend analysis of the historical data available from 2006 to 2014. The analysis also recommends measures that could be adopted by banks to ensure soundness in their operation.
The financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a coun... more The financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a country is a developing in nature. In such an environment, banking sector plays the vital role to strengthen the economic conditions. Economic growth and international business is increasing in Bangladesh and private commercial banks especially private sectors play the major roles. Thus it becomes important to measure the financial soundness of the private banks in order to judge their respective position. The study was conducted to measure the financial soundness of selected private commercial banks of Bangladesh for the period 2006-2010. In this paper, an attempt was made to analyze the financial soundness of selected banks using different statistical tools and financial indicators. The study reveals that different financial indicators showed upward trends during the period 2006 to 2010. The study also made a rank of the selected commercial banks based on financial indicators. It was found that a bank with higher deposits, loans & advances, investments, branches, employees does not always mean that has better profitability performance. The study also recommends measures that could be adopted by banks to ensure soundness in their operation.
The commercial banking system in Bangladesh is service oriental and labor
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting was a matter of developed countries. Now in the a... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting was a matter of developed countries. Now in the age of information CSR reporting plays a vital role in the developing countries like Bangladesh. Globalization made CSR reporting practices an imperative for Bangladesh Business. The paper tries to find out CSR reporting practices of selected Banks in consideration of finance act 2010 and 2011. The study was based on annual report of 2010 of listed Banks. The study revealed that 100% Banks reported their CSR activities but it is also a matter of concern that less than 60% Banks participated in prescribe CSR areas according to finance act.
Corporate Social Responsibility movement has gathered great momentum over the past number of year... more Corporate Social Responsibility movement has gathered great momentum over the past number of years and is now regarded as being at this moment most prevalent. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is presently one of the most discussed topics by government, by non-government and by business itself. The purpose of the study is to provide deep understanding of the practices of CSR of Private Commercial Banks (PCBs) in Bangladesh. The study has been taken to observe different regulatory frameworks (CSR areas) of CSR of PCBs and there contribution. This study found that CSR practices of PCBs are encouraging. The study reveals that PCBs are trying to swell their contribution in accordance with Bangladesh Bank proper guidelines.
Conference Presentations by Md Abdul K Masud
The paper examines the issues of green banking and reporting by commercial banks in Bangladesh un... more The paper examines the issues of green banking and reporting by commercial banks in Bangladesh under consideration of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The study is based on GRI 4 guidelines and we investigated bank’s reporting on green issues broadly in the aspect of environment only. The green banking concept is new in our banking sector and presently banks are following the guidelines of Bangladesh Bank (BB). This is an analytical research where ten commercial banks have been selected randomly. During the study period, data was collected from the secondary data sources, mainly from the annual report of 2010 to 2014. The result of the study showed that green banking and reporting are increased in the last five years, but not enough in the line of GRI 4 prescriptions. The analysis revealed that only a few banks maintained the guidelines of GRI 4 in preparing green banking and sustainable reporting. Most of the commercial banks in Bangladesh are followed traditional reporting along with Bangladesh Bank green banking guidelines in the absence of a standardized reporting standard. The analysis resulted that 100 percent (100%) banks disclosed information regarding environment. Furthermore, the analytical research found that according to GRI 4 environmental aspect majority banks provides information mostly of energy, biodiversity, emissions, effluents & waste, product & services, expenditure & investment. Moreover, the report also pointed that the policy makers of commercial banks are very concerned with fortifying sustainable development. The study concluded that for acquiring sustainable development Bangladeshi banking sector should follow GRI 4 principles and standard. As a result, GRI 4 guidelines should be mandatory in our banking sector for reporting green performance of commercial banks.
Environmental accounting is a new dimension in financial and management accounting. This study is... more Environmental accounting is a new dimension in financial and management accounting. This study is designed to assess the extent of disclosure regarding environmental reporting in the annual reports of a number of listed pharmaceutical companies. There are lots of studies on environmental accounting disclosure in different industries in Bangladesh and some are on pharmaceuticals industry, but this unique study reflects the actual scenario of environmental disclosure and incommensurateness among different firms in this industry. This study is conducted based on the secondary information using annual reports of 25 pharmaceuticals companies of Bangladesh, their websites and other secondary sources. As it is basically a descriptive research it is specially designed to investigate the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of environmental accounting disclosure in pharmaceutical Industry of Bangladesh. The study identified that most of the firm of pharmaceutical industry are not adopted the procedure of environmental accounting disclosure according to the Bangladesh Financial Reporting Standard (BFRS). The research findings revealed that environmental accounting disclosure practices in pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh is dissatisfactory. The study suggested that Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh (ICAB) should formulate separate guidelines to ensure the reporting of environmental issues in financial statements and Government and other regulatory bodies should emphasize the setting up of waste management or recycling plants to protect the environment.
Environmental Accounting would be the most powerful tool in the upcoming world to create accounta... more Environmental Accounting would be the most powerful tool in the upcoming world to create accountability of the businessmen. As bank is the largest financial institution of financing in manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors, it has substantial impact on environment. The study is an attempt to understand the practical situation of the concept and practices of the environmental accounting and reporting by Bangladeshi banking companies. The study is designed to investigate the extent and nature of environmental accounting concept and reporting in banking companies " annual report. The research is purely based on the information from secondary data sources. The information collected for the purpose of the study involves the examination of annual reports for the year 2010 to 2014 of the selected banks. The reports pointed that most of the banks of the study are making efforts to provide environmental information on a voluntary basis, which are qualitative and quantitative in nature. The analysis has taken an attempt to justify the banks " top level management concern on environmental protection. The result of the study also shown that hundred percent (100%) sample banks disclosed environmental information and more than ninety percent (90%) banks disclosed both qualitative and quantitative information in the annual report. The research finding revealed that environmental accounting and reporting practices by the banking companies " are satisfactory and upward in trend in Bangladesh. The study suggested that the government should give pressure to the banking sector to publish mandatory environmental disclosure in their annual report.
Sustainability , 2019
Professional expert directors extensively influence corporate corruption disclosure (CCD), while ... more Professional expert directors extensively influence corporate corruption disclosure (CCD), while higher political connections may exacerbate corporate management. This study investigates the relationship between the presence of external experts on a board and CCD, as well as the moderating effect of political connections, on the positive role of legal experts in CCD. The study combines agency, resource dependence and stakeholder theories to show how resourceful directors on the board can promote corruption disclosure. Using data on listed firms in the Bangladeshi financial sector, the study analyzes 247 firm-year observations from 2012 to 2016. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicate that accounting experts, legal experts, political connections and corporate media visibility each have a positive and significant influence on CCD. Moreover, the moderating effect of political connections on the relationship between legal experts and CCD is negative and significant due to their higher political influences. The study has significant implications for corporate governance and for policies concerning the development of the economy while reducing corruption.
Asian Journal of Sustainability and Social Responsibility, 2019
The purpose of this paper is to explore the main actors' views on the current state of sustainabi... more The purpose of this paper is to explore the main actors' views on the current state of sustainability reporting in a developing country context. This qualitative study is based on the interviews of 20 individuals and organizations from Pakistan who were identified as main actors involved in the practice of sustainability reporting. This paper draws on the arguments of multiple theoretical frameworks, including legitimacy theory, stakeholders' theory, institutional theory, political cost theory, and signalling theory. Following a semi-structured interview protocol, main actors were asked to share their views on the drivers and barriers of sustainability reporting, sufficiency and suitability of sustainability-related regulation and standards, perceived benefits of sustainability reporting, level of stakeholder engagement and transparency. Interviews were then analysed to compare the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups on various issues. This paper concludes that, like other emerging and developing economies, the practice of sustainability reporting is largely driven by the external forces. Foreign buyers, international professional associations and standard-setting organizations are playing a pivotal role in the emergence and development of sustainability reporting. Sustainability reporting awards also played an important role as they provide the normative basis and intangible benefits for reporting. Despite these external forces driving the emergence and development of SR in Pakistan, the structural and cultural conditions that exist in the societal context of Pakistan significantly impact the disclosure practices and organizational rationales for SR. In particular, weak government structures, lack of awareness and interest in sustainability matters, lack of regulation, lack of enforcement capabilities, lack of a political will has been identified as the main barriers of SR. The paper explores the perceptions of both managerial and non-managerial stakeholders regarding the current state of sustainability reporting in Pakistan.
Comparatively less research has examined the effect of corporate governance (CG) elements on envi... more Comparatively less research has examined the effect of corporate governance (CG) elements on environmental sustainability reporting performance (ESRP) in South Asian (SA) countries. Further, no study in literature documents a crosscountry examination of CG and ESRP in this region. The study takes three SA countries (Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan) and 88 listed organizations' sustainability reports during the years 2009–2016 from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) database. The study considers a variety of mixed theoretical frameworks—i.e., agency, resource dependency, stakeholder, legitimacy and political cost theories—to indicate which ownership (foreign, institutional, director and family) and board characteristics (independence, size, diversity and committee) affect ESRP practices in the world's most environmentally vulnerable region. Our empirical results indicate ESRP has a positive association with foreign and institutional ownership, board independence, and board size. Moreover, we find director share ownership significantly relates with ESRP. In contrast, our results also reveal no association between ESRP and family ownership, female directorship, and CSR and environmental committees. We conclude that more family control, a lack of female participation, and the unavailability of resourceful management personnel primarily impedes ESRP practices in the SA countries' organizations. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications for academia, policy-makers, and corporate managers in this region.
Research, 2018
There is a dearth of research on corporate governance and total sustainability disclosure (econom... more There is a dearth of research on corporate governance and total sustainability disclosure (economic, environmental, and social) in developing, particularly South Asian, countries. This is unique crosscountry research on South Asian countries' corporate governance elements and total sustainability disclosure practices. The study considers a set of insightful theories, namely, the signaling and agency theories of understanding the motives and drivers of sustainability reporting. Based on data from the Global Reporting Initiative database, the study analyzes Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. We have collected annual report and sustainability reports from the GRI database for the period between 2009 and 2016. Based on the signaling and agency theories, the study investigates how board and shareholding structures convey signals to the market and different stakeholders. Our empirical results find that total sustainability disclosure has a positive and significant relationship with foreign shareholding, institutional shareholding, board independence, and board size. On the other hand, we document that director shareholding is negatively but significantly associated with total sustainability disclosure. Therefore, we conclude that corporate governance elements have very strong influential power to send positive signals to the market that lead to reduced information asymmetry and ensuring honest signals from different stakeholders.
Research, 2018
Green reporting and green regulation have been commonly used in the sustainability movement. This... more Green reporting and green regulation have been commonly used in the sustainability movement. This study evaluates Bangladesh Bank's (BB's) green regulation by considering the global reporting initiative (GRI) of environmental regulation along with self-determined content to justify BB's institutional effort in the banking sector. The analytical study has considered secondary data of all listed banks on the Dhaka Stock Exchange between 2013 to 2016. A multi-theoretical framework has been adopted in which the research is comprised of institutional, stakeholder, and legitimacy theories. Considering the analytical research, we have drawn-up a green reporting score and undertaken SWOT analysis. The results of the study have identified the narrow coverage of BB's regulation and strategic limitations. Moreover, the findings of the study show that banking companies disclosed more green information in line with BB's regulation. Furthermore, our analysis has found the lack of transparency of green reporting in terms of absent global reporting as well as external verification. Additionally, we have documented that BB's regulation falls into a legitimacy threat owing to political, corporate, and social responsibility. Therefore, we concluded that for BB to overcome all possible weaknesses and threats, it should consider all possible opportunities for a holistic international reporting framework while taking into account a transparent financial sector.
MDPI, Sep 26, 2017
" Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degrad... more " Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degradation, and waste management ". Bangladesh faces many ecological challenges, including air and water contamination, land degradation, and waste management. This study was designed to investigate the extent and nature of environmental accounting and reporting of listed banks in Bangladesh in 12 major categories. Information was collected from the annual reports of 20 banks listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange for the period 2010 to 2014. The results indicate that the banks examined significantly disclosed environmental information for the 12 categories. The study found that banks disclosed the most environmental information for green banking and renewable energy categories, whereas they disclosed the least for environmental recognition and waste management categories. Furthermore, yearly comparison reveals that disclosure of environmental information increased sharply from 16% in 2010 to 83% in 2014. In addition, Bangladesh Bank's recent fruitful initiatives on environmental disclosures were reviewed, and the findings of the 12 categories have managerial implications for policy makers in corporations as well as the government. It is recommended that professional accounting bodies of Bangladesh, along with international and government policy makers develop a separate conceptual framework for environmental accounting and reporting for the financial and non-financial sectors of the country.
"Problems and Perspectives in Management ", 2016
The research aims to evaluate different levels of management understanding and performance on Cor... more The research aims to evaluate different levels of management understanding and performance on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of traditional banks and Islamic banks in Bangladesh. Moreover, the paper points out the philosophy of both banks’ policy makers. The study is exclusively analytical in nature where 14 banks were selected on the basis of availability of branches in the research area. The research was based on primary data sources through a structured questionnaire. The research findings revealed that there is a gap between policy makers’ assurance of CSR contribution and its real implementation. The analysis found that Islamic banks are better than traditional banks with regard to the implementation of CSR policies. The result also showed that there are still some controversies on CSR performance of
Islamic and traditional banks in general. The study also observed that Islamic, as well as traditional banks’ different levels of management conceive that CSR activities are performed by banks for their own interest rather than for social welfare. Therefore, it must be emphasized that good CSR policy is inevitable for all types of banks in Bangladesh. For the betterment of the society, as well as the banks, all levels of management should harmonize their CSR philosophy.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, management performance, traditional bank, Islamic bank, Bangladesh.
JEL Classification: G21, M10, M14.
he financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a count... more he financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a country is a developing in nature. In such an environment, banking sector plays the vital role to strengthen the economic conditions. Economic growth and international business is increasing in Bangladesh and commercial banks especially private sectors play the major roles. Thus it becomes important to measure the financial soundness of the private banks in order to judge their respective position. The study was conducted to measure the financial soundness of selected private commercial banks of Bangladesh for the period 2006 to 2014. In this paper, an attempt was made to analyze the financial soundness and trend analysis of selected banks using different statistical tools and financial indicators. The study reveals that different financial indicators showed upward trends during the period 2006 to 2014. The study also made a rank of the selected commercial banks based on financial indicators. It was found that a bank with higher deposits, loans & advances, investments, branches, employees does not always mean that has better profitability performance. The research focused on general financial situation (Deposit, Loans & Advances, investment, income, ROA, ROE) forecasting through trend analysis of the historical data available from 2006 to 2014. The analysis also recommends measures that could be adopted by banks to ensure soundness in their operation.
The financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a coun... more The financial sector is one of the most significant sectors for any country, especially if a country is a developing in nature. In such an environment, banking sector plays the vital role to strengthen the economic conditions. Economic growth and international business is increasing in Bangladesh and private commercial banks especially private sectors play the major roles. Thus it becomes important to measure the financial soundness of the private banks in order to judge their respective position. The study was conducted to measure the financial soundness of selected private commercial banks of Bangladesh for the period 2006-2010. In this paper, an attempt was made to analyze the financial soundness of selected banks using different statistical tools and financial indicators. The study reveals that different financial indicators showed upward trends during the period 2006 to 2010. The study also made a rank of the selected commercial banks based on financial indicators. It was found that a bank with higher deposits, loans & advances, investments, branches, employees does not always mean that has better profitability performance. The study also recommends measures that could be adopted by banks to ensure soundness in their operation.
The commercial banking system in Bangladesh is service oriental and labor
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting was a matter of developed countries. Now in the a... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting was a matter of developed countries. Now in the age of information CSR reporting plays a vital role in the developing countries like Bangladesh. Globalization made CSR reporting practices an imperative for Bangladesh Business. The paper tries to find out CSR reporting practices of selected Banks in consideration of finance act 2010 and 2011. The study was based on annual report of 2010 of listed Banks. The study revealed that 100% Banks reported their CSR activities but it is also a matter of concern that less than 60% Banks participated in prescribe CSR areas according to finance act.
Corporate Social Responsibility movement has gathered great momentum over the past number of year... more Corporate Social Responsibility movement has gathered great momentum over the past number of years and is now regarded as being at this moment most prevalent. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is presently one of the most discussed topics by government, by non-government and by business itself. The purpose of the study is to provide deep understanding of the practices of CSR of Private Commercial Banks (PCBs) in Bangladesh. The study has been taken to observe different regulatory frameworks (CSR areas) of CSR of PCBs and there contribution. This study found that CSR practices of PCBs are encouraging. The study reveals that PCBs are trying to swell their contribution in accordance with Bangladesh Bank proper guidelines.
The paper examines the issues of green banking and reporting by commercial banks in Bangladesh un... more The paper examines the issues of green banking and reporting by commercial banks in Bangladesh under consideration of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The study is based on GRI 4 guidelines and we investigated bank’s reporting on green issues broadly in the aspect of environment only. The green banking concept is new in our banking sector and presently banks are following the guidelines of Bangladesh Bank (BB). This is an analytical research where ten commercial banks have been selected randomly. During the study period, data was collected from the secondary data sources, mainly from the annual report of 2010 to 2014. The result of the study showed that green banking and reporting are increased in the last five years, but not enough in the line of GRI 4 prescriptions. The analysis revealed that only a few banks maintained the guidelines of GRI 4 in preparing green banking and sustainable reporting. Most of the commercial banks in Bangladesh are followed traditional reporting along with Bangladesh Bank green banking guidelines in the absence of a standardized reporting standard. The analysis resulted that 100 percent (100%) banks disclosed information regarding environment. Furthermore, the analytical research found that according to GRI 4 environmental aspect majority banks provides information mostly of energy, biodiversity, emissions, effluents & waste, product & services, expenditure & investment. Moreover, the report also pointed that the policy makers of commercial banks are very concerned with fortifying sustainable development. The study concluded that for acquiring sustainable development Bangladeshi banking sector should follow GRI 4 principles and standard. As a result, GRI 4 guidelines should be mandatory in our banking sector for reporting green performance of commercial banks.
Environmental accounting is a new dimension in financial and management accounting. This study is... more Environmental accounting is a new dimension in financial and management accounting. This study is designed to assess the extent of disclosure regarding environmental reporting in the annual reports of a number of listed pharmaceutical companies. There are lots of studies on environmental accounting disclosure in different industries in Bangladesh and some are on pharmaceuticals industry, but this unique study reflects the actual scenario of environmental disclosure and incommensurateness among different firms in this industry. This study is conducted based on the secondary information using annual reports of 25 pharmaceuticals companies of Bangladesh, their websites and other secondary sources. As it is basically a descriptive research it is specially designed to investigate the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of environmental accounting disclosure in pharmaceutical Industry of Bangladesh. The study identified that most of the firm of pharmaceutical industry are not adopted the procedure of environmental accounting disclosure according to the Bangladesh Financial Reporting Standard (BFRS). The research findings revealed that environmental accounting disclosure practices in pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh is dissatisfactory. The study suggested that Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh (ICAB) should formulate separate guidelines to ensure the reporting of environmental issues in financial statements and Government and other regulatory bodies should emphasize the setting up of waste management or recycling plants to protect the environment.
Environmental Accounting would be the most powerful tool in the upcoming world to create accounta... more Environmental Accounting would be the most powerful tool in the upcoming world to create accountability of the businessmen. As bank is the largest financial institution of financing in manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors, it has substantial impact on environment. The study is an attempt to understand the practical situation of the concept and practices of the environmental accounting and reporting by Bangladeshi banking companies. The study is designed to investigate the extent and nature of environmental accounting concept and reporting in banking companies " annual report. The research is purely based on the information from secondary data sources. The information collected for the purpose of the study involves the examination of annual reports for the year 2010 to 2014 of the selected banks. The reports pointed that most of the banks of the study are making efforts to provide environmental information on a voluntary basis, which are qualitative and quantitative in nature. The analysis has taken an attempt to justify the banks " top level management concern on environmental protection. The result of the study also shown that hundred percent (100%) sample banks disclosed environmental information and more than ninety percent (90%) banks disclosed both qualitative and quantitative information in the annual report. The research finding revealed that environmental accounting and reporting practices by the banking companies " are satisfactory and upward in trend in Bangladesh. The study suggested that the government should give pressure to the banking sector to publish mandatory environmental disclosure in their annual report.