Chantal Blouin | Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) (original) (raw)
Papers by Chantal Blouin
McGill-Queen's University Press eBooks, Jan 21, 2007
Oxford University Press eBooks, 2005
List of Editors and Contributing Authors. Acknowledgements. PART 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW. 1 ... more List of Editors and Contributing Authors. Acknowledgements. PART 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW. 1 Trade, Health and Dietary Change ( Chantal Blouin, Corinna Hawkes, Spencer Henson, Nick Drager and Laurette Dube ). 2 An Overview of Global Food Trade ( Corinna Hawkes and Sophia Murphy ). PART 2: LINKS BETWEEN TRADE AND DIET. 3 The Influence of Trade Liberalisation and Global Dietary Change: The Case of Vegetable Oils, Meat and Highly Processed Foods ( Corinna Hawkes ). 4 Global Trade of Fruits and Vegetables and the Role of Consumer Demand ( Sophia Huang ). 5 International Trade, Food and Diet Costs, and the Global Obesity Epidemic ( Adam Drewnowski, Andrew S. Hanks and Trenton G. Smith ). 6 Trade, Transnational Corporations and Food Consumption: A Global Value Chain Approach ( Gary Gereffi and Michelle Christian ). 7 Links Between Supermarkets and Food Prices, Diet Diversity and Food Safety in Developing Countries ( Thomas Reardon, Spencer Henson and Ashok Gulati ). 8 The European Union's Common Agricultural Policy and the European Diet: Is There a Link? ( Josef Schmidhuber and Prakash Shetty ). 9 The Effect of Trade and Trade Policy on Diet and Health in the Pacific Islands ( Anne Marie Thow and Wendy Snowdon ). 10 Food Imports and Dietary Change: A Perspective from Thailand ( W. Philip T. James, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul, Tashmai Rikshasuta and Emorn Wasantwisut ). PART 3: POLICY OPTIONS. 11 Tackling Childhood Obesity in an Era of Trade Liberalisation ( Tim Lobstein ). 12 National Food Regulations and the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: Implications for Trade-Related Measures to Promote Healthy Diets ( Tim Josling, David Orden and Donna Roberts ). 13 The Potential of the Codex Alimentarius to Promote Healthy Diets Worldwide - the Canadian Experience of Implementation ( Mary R. L'Abbe, Janine Lewis and Christina Zehaluk ). 14 Agricultural Trade Policy Instruments to Promote Healthy Diets in Developing Countries: An Assessment of the Opportunities within the Framework of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture and the Doha Development Agenda ( Vincent J. Atkins ). 15 The Impact of International Trade and Investment Rules on the Ability of Governments to Implement Interventions to Address Obesity: A Case Study from the European Charter on Counteracting Obesity ( David P. Fidler ). Glossary of Trade Terms ( Anne Marie Thow ). Index.
Ce projet de recherche de type exploratoire vise a determiner les principaux defis, leviers et ba... more Ce projet de recherche de type exploratoire vise a determiner les principaux defis, leviers et barrieres vers l’atteinte d’une plus saine alimentation et d’identifier de possibles interventions pilotes visant a ameliorer la consommation d’aliments sains chez les jeunes au Quebec.
Obesity Reviews, 2017
Over the last years, many actions have been implemented in the Canadian province of Quebec to pre... more Over the last years, many actions have been implemented in the Canadian province of Quebec to prevent health issues related to diet, physical activity and obesity. As a new public health programme is being launched, the ‘How can we do better?’ project aimed to identify priority areas for further action. An exhaustive search led to identify 166 interventions rolled out in Quebec between 2006 and 2014. We compared it with evidence‐based recommendations. Findings were challenged during a 2‐d deliberative forum gathering 25 key stakeholders. At the crossroads of these analyses, 50 proposals emerged to sustain/bolster current efforts or to implement new initiatives. Specific improvements were recommended, e.g. about food supply quality monitoring, healthy food accessibility and affordability, physical activity promotion through land use policies, schools and childcare facilities retrofit and urban planning. Crosscutting proposals stress the importance to implement a new governmental prevention strategy and to reinforce evaluation at all levels. This call for action takes place at a critical period for political commitment and should be maintained until and after curbing the prevalence of obesity and related diseases. Although Quebec‐focused, ‘How can we do better?’ project outcomes may be informative for other jurisdictions, and the methods may be inspiring for those interested in combining knowledge syntheses and deliberative processes to inform decision makers in a limited time frame.
The findings of this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and, as such, have not been... more The findings of this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and, as such, have not been endorsed by the Commission.
This thesis examines how experts operate in the political arena. To do so, it proceeds with a cas... more This thesis examines how experts operate in the political arena. To do so, it proceeds with a case study of American telecommunications policy at the federal level, focushg on the adoption of the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The fist set of research questions relates to the issue of recognition. How do experts become legitimate providers of policy advice? M a t are the criteria for selection? The second set of questions relates to the power of experts. Can expert proposals influence policymaking? Through which paths and mechanisms c m their proposals be incorporated in the policy process? Two strategies available to experts to gain recognition are identified: professionalkation and boundary-work. In the case study, professionalization is not sufficient to explain the cornpetition between economists and lawyers to be recognized as the relevant source of advice on telecommunications policy. It is boundary work that allows economists to be recognized as the best source of advice in ...
Obesity and overweight are risk factors linked to the appearance of a number of chronic diseases ... more Obesity and overweight are risk factors linked to the appearance of a number of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, obesity also has an economic impact. Indeed, studies that have quantified the economic burden of obesity in Canada and abroad observe that the problem engenders significant costs for society. Such costs are not confined to those stemming from broader recourse to health services. Costs related to absenteeism, disability and other productivity losses that obesity engenders are at least as high as costs related to health care. Accordingly, studies of the economic burden reveal that the rise in overweight and obesity is not a source of concern solely for interveners working in the health field. Indeed, health problems linked to obesity affect several sectors of the economy and the resulting economic burden. Investing in the prevention of obesity thus offers benefits not only for the health of the population(16) but also for Québec’s econo...
Globalization and Health, 2019
McGill-Queen's University Press eBooks, Jan 21, 2007
Oxford University Press eBooks, 2005
List of Editors and Contributing Authors. Acknowledgements. PART 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW. 1 ... more List of Editors and Contributing Authors. Acknowledgements. PART 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW. 1 Trade, Health and Dietary Change ( Chantal Blouin, Corinna Hawkes, Spencer Henson, Nick Drager and Laurette Dube ). 2 An Overview of Global Food Trade ( Corinna Hawkes and Sophia Murphy ). PART 2: LINKS BETWEEN TRADE AND DIET. 3 The Influence of Trade Liberalisation and Global Dietary Change: The Case of Vegetable Oils, Meat and Highly Processed Foods ( Corinna Hawkes ). 4 Global Trade of Fruits and Vegetables and the Role of Consumer Demand ( Sophia Huang ). 5 International Trade, Food and Diet Costs, and the Global Obesity Epidemic ( Adam Drewnowski, Andrew S. Hanks and Trenton G. Smith ). 6 Trade, Transnational Corporations and Food Consumption: A Global Value Chain Approach ( Gary Gereffi and Michelle Christian ). 7 Links Between Supermarkets and Food Prices, Diet Diversity and Food Safety in Developing Countries ( Thomas Reardon, Spencer Henson and Ashok Gulati ). 8 The European Union's Common Agricultural Policy and the European Diet: Is There a Link? ( Josef Schmidhuber and Prakash Shetty ). 9 The Effect of Trade and Trade Policy on Diet and Health in the Pacific Islands ( Anne Marie Thow and Wendy Snowdon ). 10 Food Imports and Dietary Change: A Perspective from Thailand ( W. Philip T. James, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul, Tashmai Rikshasuta and Emorn Wasantwisut ). PART 3: POLICY OPTIONS. 11 Tackling Childhood Obesity in an Era of Trade Liberalisation ( Tim Lobstein ). 12 National Food Regulations and the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: Implications for Trade-Related Measures to Promote Healthy Diets ( Tim Josling, David Orden and Donna Roberts ). 13 The Potential of the Codex Alimentarius to Promote Healthy Diets Worldwide - the Canadian Experience of Implementation ( Mary R. L'Abbe, Janine Lewis and Christina Zehaluk ). 14 Agricultural Trade Policy Instruments to Promote Healthy Diets in Developing Countries: An Assessment of the Opportunities within the Framework of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture and the Doha Development Agenda ( Vincent J. Atkins ). 15 The Impact of International Trade and Investment Rules on the Ability of Governments to Implement Interventions to Address Obesity: A Case Study from the European Charter on Counteracting Obesity ( David P. Fidler ). Glossary of Trade Terms ( Anne Marie Thow ). Index.
Ce projet de recherche de type exploratoire vise a determiner les principaux defis, leviers et ba... more Ce projet de recherche de type exploratoire vise a determiner les principaux defis, leviers et barrieres vers l’atteinte d’une plus saine alimentation et d’identifier de possibles interventions pilotes visant a ameliorer la consommation d’aliments sains chez les jeunes au Quebec.
Obesity Reviews, 2017
Over the last years, many actions have been implemented in the Canadian province of Quebec to pre... more Over the last years, many actions have been implemented in the Canadian province of Quebec to prevent health issues related to diet, physical activity and obesity. As a new public health programme is being launched, the ‘How can we do better?’ project aimed to identify priority areas for further action. An exhaustive search led to identify 166 interventions rolled out in Quebec between 2006 and 2014. We compared it with evidence‐based recommendations. Findings were challenged during a 2‐d deliberative forum gathering 25 key stakeholders. At the crossroads of these analyses, 50 proposals emerged to sustain/bolster current efforts or to implement new initiatives. Specific improvements were recommended, e.g. about food supply quality monitoring, healthy food accessibility and affordability, physical activity promotion through land use policies, schools and childcare facilities retrofit and urban planning. Crosscutting proposals stress the importance to implement a new governmental prevention strategy and to reinforce evaluation at all levels. This call for action takes place at a critical period for political commitment and should be maintained until and after curbing the prevalence of obesity and related diseases. Although Quebec‐focused, ‘How can we do better?’ project outcomes may be informative for other jurisdictions, and the methods may be inspiring for those interested in combining knowledge syntheses and deliberative processes to inform decision makers in a limited time frame.
The findings of this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and, as such, have not been... more The findings of this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and, as such, have not been endorsed by the Commission.
This thesis examines how experts operate in the political arena. To do so, it proceeds with a cas... more This thesis examines how experts operate in the political arena. To do so, it proceeds with a case study of American telecommunications policy at the federal level, focushg on the adoption of the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The fist set of research questions relates to the issue of recognition. How do experts become legitimate providers of policy advice? M a t are the criteria for selection? The second set of questions relates to the power of experts. Can expert proposals influence policymaking? Through which paths and mechanisms c m their proposals be incorporated in the policy process? Two strategies available to experts to gain recognition are identified: professionalkation and boundary-work. In the case study, professionalization is not sufficient to explain the cornpetition between economists and lawyers to be recognized as the relevant source of advice on telecommunications policy. It is boundary work that allows economists to be recognized as the best source of advice in ...
Obesity and overweight are risk factors linked to the appearance of a number of chronic diseases ... more Obesity and overweight are risk factors linked to the appearance of a number of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, obesity also has an economic impact. Indeed, studies that have quantified the economic burden of obesity in Canada and abroad observe that the problem engenders significant costs for society. Such costs are not confined to those stemming from broader recourse to health services. Costs related to absenteeism, disability and other productivity losses that obesity engenders are at least as high as costs related to health care. Accordingly, studies of the economic burden reveal that the rise in overweight and obesity is not a source of concern solely for interveners working in the health field. Indeed, health problems linked to obesity affect several sectors of the economy and the resulting economic burden. Investing in the prevention of obesity thus offers benefits not only for the health of the population(16) but also for Québec’s econo...
Globalization and Health, 2019
Cet article analyse les politiques et mesures publiques mises en oeuvre depuis 2006 au Québec afi... more Cet article analyse les politiques et mesures publiques mises en oeuvre depuis 2006 au Québec afin que l’aménagement du territoire devienne plus propice à l’adoption d’un mode de vie physiquement actif et d’une saine alimentation. L’analyse est fondée sur un inventaire et un codage caractérisant les mesures qui tentent de modifier l’environnement physique, pour influencer l’alimentation, l’utilisation du transport actif et public, de même que la pratique d’activités physiques diverses. Nous comparons ces mesures québécoises adoptées par les autorités locales, régionales et nationales aux recommandations scientifiques en promotion des saines habitudes de vie. Cette comparaison a été soumise à un processus délibératif incluant experts et parties prenantes. L’article présente des recommandations quant aux stratégies d’aménagement du territoire les plus prometteuses pour favoriser un mode de vie physiquement actif et une saine alimentation aux niveaux local, régional et national, ainsi que les implications que cela comporte sur le plan politique.
Mots clés : promotion de la santé, prévention des maladies chroniques, saine alimentation, activité physique, aménagement du territoire, politiques publiques favorables à la santé
Making Land-Use Planning More Favourable to a Physically Active Lifestyle and a Healthy Diet in Quebec
This article analyzes public policies and measures implemented since 2006 in Quebec, and aimed at making land-use planning more favourable to a physically active lifestyle and a healthy diet. The analysis is based on an inventory and coding scheme characterizing measures used for targeting changes in the physical environment, to influence diet, active and public transportation and physical activity. We compare these measures adopted by local, regional and national authorities in Quebec with the international scientific recommendations on the promotion of healthy lifestyles. This comparison is subjected to a deliberative process involving experts and stakeholders. The article presents recommendations for the most promising land-use planning policies, promoting a physically active lifestyle and healthy eating habits at the local, regional and national levels.
Key words: health promotion, chronic disease prevention, healthy diets, physical activity, land use planning, health promoting public policy
Globalization and Health, 2019
Recent work in international relations theory argues that international regimes do not develop in... more Recent work in international relations theory argues that international regimes do not develop in isolation, as previously assumed, but evolve as open systems that interact with other regimes. The implications of this insight’s for sustainable development remains underexplored. Even thought environmental protection and health promotion are clearly interconnected at the impact level, it remains unclear how global environmental governance interacts with global health governance at the institutional level. In order to fill this gap, this article aims to assess how environmental treaties contribute to global health governance. To assess how environmental treaties contribute to global health governance, we conducted a content analysis of 2280 international environmental treaties. For each of these treaties, we measure the type and number of health-related provisions in these treaties. The result is the Health and Environment Interplay Database (HEIDI), which we make public with the publication of this article. This new database reveals that more than 300 environmental treaties have health-related provisions. We conclude that the global environmental regime contributes significantly to the institutionalization of the global health regime, considering that the health regime includes itself very few treaties focusing primarily on health. When reflecting on how global governance can improve population health, decision makers should not only consider the instruments available to them within the realm of global health institutions. They should broaden their perspectives to integrate the contribution of other global regimes, such as the global environmental regime.