Arindam Banik - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Arindam Banik is an Indian economist currently serving as the ICCR Chair of Indian Studies (Economics) in the Department of Digital Economy at Samarkand State University in Uzbekistan. He earned his PhD from the Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, in 1994 and pursued postdoctoral research at the Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, in the United Kingdom.
Banik has held the distinguished position of professor and the Associated Cement Companies Chair in International Finance and Business at the International Management Institute (IMI) in New Delhi. He has also taught at the Department of Economics at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, in Barbados, from 2000 to 2005, and at various IMI campuses in New Delhi, Kolkata, and Bhubaneswar, India. Additionally, he has been a visiting professor at several universities, including the Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, IIM Shillong, Tezpur Central University, Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences in Chengdu, China, Centrum Graduate Business School at Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, and UERJ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Banik has received numerous awards and held prestigious positions throughout his career, including the Shastri Indo-Canada Collaborative Research Grant for 2020-2022, the ICSSR Research Grant, and the SANEI Research Award, which is supported by the World Bank and the Global Development Network through the South Asia Network of Economic Institutions. He has also earned the Campus Research Award for two consecutive years (May 2002 and 2003) at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus.
He is one of the founders of the IMI campuses in Delhi, Kolkata, and Bhubaneswar, having served as the Director of IMI Kolkata from 2014 to 2020. Banik has worked as a consultant for various government agencies and multilateral organizations, including the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, FICCI in New Delhi, the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), UNIDO, ILO, the Indo-Canadian Cooperation Unit, GTZ, and various ministries of the Government of India, such as Rural Development, Corporate Affairs, and Finance, as well as the Caribbean Development Bank and the Government of Barbados.
He is the author of over 150 scientific articles covering topics in international economics, business, international finance, macroeconomics, corporate governance, and economic development. Furthermore, he has written several books published by Palgrave Macmillan, Springer, and University Press Limited and has contributed articles to various magazines and newspapers. Banik is also the founding editor of a respected management journal, Global Business Review, published by Sage Publications in New Delhi.
Phone: 938024774
Address: Arindam Banik, PhD, at the Delhi School of Economics
ICCR’s Chair of India Studies (Economics)
International Co-operation Office (Second Floor)
Room No.213
Samarkand State University
University Boulevard, 15
Samarkand 140104
Uzbekistan
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Book by Arindam Banik
The growing importance of FDI Measurement of FDI Rationale of FDI Determinants of FDI Rationale f... more The growing importance of FDI Measurement of FDI Rationale of FDI Determinants of FDI Rationale for this study Structure of the book 2 FDI: Global Trends and Assessments Introduction Regional trend Brazil, Russia, India and China-cooperation or competition? Sectoral distribution of global FDI Summary 3 Explaining FDI Inflows-an Alternate Approach Introduction The neighbourhoods The evolution of the neighbourhoods China and the extended neighbourhood India and the extended neighbourhood The Caribbean and the extended neighbourhood Summary 4 Foreign Investment: China Introduction Geographical distribution of FDI Forms of FDI vii FDI and trade High-tech product and foreign firms R&D Spillover effect Summary 5 Foreign Investment: India Introduction Evolution of government policies Geographical distribution of FDI Forms of FDI Exports and FDI R&D and FDI Post-1991 policies, FDI and spillover Summary 6 Foreign Investment: The Caribbean Introduction Investment climate in the Caribbean FDI in Trinidad and Tobago Characteristics of CARICOM cross-border location activity Domestic pull and external push factors and economic impact of FDI The Caribbean system of skill development Summary
New Technology and Land Elevations: Small Farms in Bangladesh
It used to be claimed, notably in developing counties, that imperfection of factor markets is the... more It used to be claimed, notably in developing counties, that imperfection of factor markets is the determinant factor in explaining unemployment and poverty. Solutions such as supply of inputs and land reform etc. were suggested. Yet in poorer countries the odds are, that even within a village and during a peak farm operation, the question of disguised unemployment is liable to be troublesome as these are time specific and water management specific. What is thus interesting and seems to have been missed out by the existing literature is that several of the factors can be exacerbated or minimized depending on the management of water in question. Dr. Banik re-explored the problem and has addressed various policy implications with economic incentives. This book will be of considerable interest to students of economics in general and particularly to those focusing on rural finance, development economics and South Asian studies.
Papers by Arindam Banik
Economic and Political Weekly
Explaining FDI Inflows to India, China and the Caribbean An Extended Neighbourhood Approach FDI f... more Explaining FDI Inflows to India, China and the Caribbean An Extended Neighbourhood Approach FDI flows are generally believed to be influenced by economic indicators like market size, export intensity, institutions, etc, irrespective of the source and the destination countries. This paper looks at FDI inflows in an alternative approach based on the concepts of neighbourhood and extended neighbourhood. The study shows that the neighbourhood concepts are widely applicable in different contexts-particularly for China and India, and partly in the case of the Caribbean. There are significant common factors in explaining FDI inflows in select regions. While a substantial fraction of FDI inflows may be explained by select economic variables, country-specific factors and the idiosyncratic component account for more of the investment inflows in Europe, China and India. ARINDAM BANIK, PRADIP K BHAUMIK, SUNDAY O IYARE (iv) The extended neighbourhood-the role of ethnicity when FDI became explorative and brought changes in repetitive and local experimentation with new alternatives in its wake.
Global Business Review, 2019
Taking an idea or invention successfully from laboratory to the market is innovation. When such a... more Taking an idea or invention successfully from laboratory to the market is innovation. When such an innovation becomes so successful that it ultimately changes the social practices and thereby forces incumbent market leaders to shut shop, it becomes disruptive innovation (DI). Christensen proposed a framework to analyze an industry for DI and later analyzed five industries-aviation, education, healthcare, telecommunication, semiconductors & innovation overseas-using this framework. However, the business of aerospace and defence is different from conventional businesses and thereby requires additional considerations and modifications to the framework proposed by Christensen. This article focuses on the DI in aerospace and defence industry by developing an analytical framework that captures essential factors based on the original theory of Christensen; literature on and around it; known frameworks and studies of select successful cases of DI in aerospace and defence industry literature. Christensen's framework is analyzed and evaluated for its strengths and weaknesses and also its applicability to aerospace and defence business. Stakeholder analysis is also conducted, and empirical evidence of the factors is verified. A framework is then developed to analyze DI in the aerospace and defence industry.
Global Business Review, 2016
On the morning of 30 June 2012, two years after the Airtel Zain deal was announced, Mr Sunil Mitt... more On the morning of 30 June 2012, two years after the Airtel Zain deal was announced, Mr Sunil Mittal, the Founder-Chairman Bharti Airtel, was looking forward to the review meeting at their Vasant Kunj office in Delhi, India with Mr Manoj Kohli, CEO (International) and Joint MD, Bharti Enterprises, who was in charge of Airtel's Africa operations. 1 Mr Mittal's long-held dream of foraying into the emerging market of Africa had finally come true with the acquisition of Zain in early 2010. A journey that began three years back, went through turbulences and culminated into successful acquisition of Africa's second largest telecom company Zain Africa BV's operations in 15 countries with an enterprise value of US$10.7 billion. 2 The 15 countries that Bharti Airtel had acquired from Zain in Africa were: Burkina Faso, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
In this article, we analyse the factors that determine the fatality rates across 29 economies spr... more In this article, we analyse the factors that determine the fatality rates across 29 economies spread across both the developing and developed world. Recent emerging literature and expert opinions in popular media have indicated various factors that may explain cross-country difference in fatality rates. These factors range from access to public health infrastructure, BCG vaccination policies, demographic structure, restrictive policy interventions and the weather. In addition, articles are examining different kinds of fatality rates that can be explained. Progressing beyond fragmented databases and anecdotal evidence, we have developed a database for such factors, have explored various econometric models to test the explanatory power of these factors in explaining several kinds of fatality rates. Based on available data, our study reveals that factors such as public health system, population age structure, poverty level and BCG vaccination are powerful contributory factors in determining fatality rates. Interactions between factors such as poverty level and BCG vaccination provide interesting insights into the complex interplay of factors. Our analysis suggests that poor citizens' access to the public healthcare system are worse in many countries irrespective of whether they are developed or developing countries.
IIC Quarterly, 2021
The farmers of India are poised to play a crucial role in the country's economy, embodying its so... more The farmers of India are poised to play a crucial role in the country's economy, embodying its sociocultural and economic landscape. A thriving agricultural sector, characterized by effective backward and forward linkages, creates a robust supply chain. This process ensures the safe and reliable provision of essential inputs, including irrigation, seeds, and fertilizers. It also cultivates a market for their products at fair prices, enhances energy security, and contributes to employment and economic development, particularly in semi-urban and rural regions. In this context, farming acts as a pivotal nexus for related sectors, spanning from farm machinery manufacturing to food processing. Moreover, the agricultural industry has a significant impact on national economic growth by supplying vital raw materials for the production of a diverse array of goods and services, many of which generate considerable export value. Regrettably, the agricultural sector remains less understood, resulting in fragmented or compartmentalized policy recommendations. Although the collection of farm data is well-organized, analyses of this data and resulting policy recommendations are often lacking in many states. Nevertheless, a select few states benefit from periodic reviews of farm data, which yield viable solutions. Farm sector reforms have long been anticipated, yet they require a credible business model for effective policy implementation.
Journal of International Development, 2005
Large amounts of investments are made by developing countries in designing and implementing pover... more Large amounts of investments are made by developing countries in designing and implementing poverty alleviation programmes. Many of such programmes are also targeted at well defined beneficiaries. This paper attempts to analyse if some segments of beneficiaries are more likely to benefit from these programmes visa `-vis other beneficiaries. From an econometric analysis of primary data collected from the SITRA programme in India it was found that the socially and economically disadvantaged sections of beneficiaries were more likely to have benefited from the programme, under which improved toolkits were provided to poor rural artisans at ninety per cent subsidy. The conclusions have important policy implications as they lead to possible win-win situations as narrower targeting of the same poverty alleviation programme on more disadvantaged sections could achieve higher growth as well as greater reduction of poverty.
Modern Economy, 2012
This paper uses cointegration and vector error-correction models to analyse the causal relationsh... more This paper uses cointegration and vector error-correction models to analyse the causal relationship between education and development across select Indian states using annual data from 1980-81 to 2008-09. Expenditure on education per capita is used as the proxy for education, while State domestic product per capita is the proxy for development. The empirical results provide some evidence of bi-directional causality in Indian States such as Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. There is also evidence of causation running from per capita expenditure on education to per capita State domestic product in either the short or long run in states such as Bihar,
International Journal of Social Economics, 2015
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that explain dropout of children from pri... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that explain dropout of children from primary schools in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Design/methodology/approach-The field survey was carried out in two phases, one, during January to April of 2010 and two, between August and November of 2011. The entire research work is based on stratified random sampling. The population in Lohit district is a set of tribal and non-tribal (mostly general) people. The district has two major tribes-Mishmi and Khamti. Findings-The authors find that children dropout of school is affected by number of factors such as earning compulsions, household work, access to school, school time not suitable and parental unawareness. Research limitations/implications-It is imperative to mention here that "earning compulsion" can be described only as a derivative of the major problem of abject poverty. Practical implications-By highlighting the role of appropriate intervention as well as incapacitation, the authors believe that the findings presented above shed light on some important factors that explain dropouts. Social implications-The evidence provided in this paper underscores the importance of social interactions in analysing individual outcomes. Originality/value-The findings may have significant bearings in reducing dropout rates in India.
Economic and Political Weekly, 2002
Economic and Political Weekly, 1997
Once the transitional problems caused to present import-substituting industries and consequent to... more Once the transitional problems caused to present import-substituting industries and consequent toss of employment are overcome, the creation of a free trade area will yield major benefits to all the countries of the South Asian Region.
Economic and Political Weekly, 1994
It used to be claimed, notably in Indian subcontinent that there is either a positive or negative... more It used to be claimed, notably in Indian subcontinent that there is either a positive or negative significant relationship between land productivity and farm size. Attempts were made to explain the relationship using two important factors, viz, disguise unemployment and imperfection of factor markets. Solutions such as supply of inputs, land reform, etc, were suggested. Yet in poorer countries the odds are that even within a village and during any peak farm operation the question of disguise unemployment is liable to be troublesome in rice economies as these are time-specific and water management-specific. What is thus interesting and seems to have been missed out by the existing literature is that several of the factors can be exacerbated or minimised depending on the management of water in question. This article re-explores the problem on the basis of field studies in Bangladesh. The study is unable to trace any kind of significant relationship between the farm size and land productivity in both monsoon and rabi season. Instead, it appears that water management in a specific land elevation is most relevant in a village in explaining land productivity differentials.
Global Business Review, 2020
The article examines whether different corporate governance practices and ownership patterns infl... more The article examines whether different corporate governance practices and ownership patterns influence firm performance and value creation in an emerging market context. The study establishes that the governance-performance relation depends highly on the estimation tools applied. While the pooled regression or fixed effects panel model may provide spurious and biased relations, the system generalized method of moments (GMM) model provides superior and valid results by addressing all types of endogeneity problems. The results show that firms with a separate CEO and chairperson outperform firms with CEO duality. Also, higher executive salary leads to improved firm performance. Moreover, higher promoter shareholding leads to greater value creation and improved firm performance, and domestic institutional investors (DII) have a significant impact on firm performance.
Global Business Review, 2014
This study aims to assess barriers to service trade in the education, health, telecom, transport,... more This study aims to assess barriers to service trade in the education, health, telecom, transport, travel and tourism, and banking and insurance sectors of selected South Asian economies such as India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh, including both trade and domestic restrictions. The analysis is focused on the computation of aggregate and modal service trade restrictiveness indices (STRIs) by sector, drawing on information gathered based on detailed questionnaires. The conclusions highlight that while significant regulatory reforms have taken place in certain (for example Telecom) service sectors over the last decade, a broad range of restrictions still remain. The most significant change in these service sectors has been the lifting or softening of the constraints imposed on foreign equity participation. Interestingly, the economies in terms of regulatory reforms are more open to non-South Asian economies and not so much open to each other. However, reforms have had varying degrees of impact on market structure depending on the country and the sector. Keywords Trade in services, SAARC region, service trade, restrictiveness, trade reform, service trade restrictiveness index (STRI) Global Business Review 15(4) 795-814
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 2006
This section of the Developer's Assessment Report (DAR) provides a summary of the main elements o... more This section of the Developer's Assessment Report (DAR) provides a summary of the main elements of the Jay Project (Project) and predictions of the environmental assessment of the Project. For the human environment, the Project is expected to have overall positive effects on the socioeconomic environment, maximizing economic, employment, and educational benefits, while minimizing the negative impacts on well-being, physical infrastructure and non-traditional land use. Impacts to cultural aspects are predicted to be not significant. The Project is expected to have no significant negative effects on the biophysical environment (i.e., air quality, water quality and quantity, fish and fish habitat, vegetation, caribou, and wildlife and wildlife habitat).
India's Transition to Knowledge Economy: Variation across States
SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd eBooks, Mar 5, 2014
Foreign Investment: The Caribbean
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 2006
The previous chapter looked at FDI in India. This chapter shows how FDI has affected the small ec... more The previous chapter looked at FDI in India. This chapter shows how FDI has affected the small economies in the Caribbean. Most Caribbean countries have pursued an open door policy to FDI from around 1960. This policy was based on the provision of generous tax incentives to foreign investors. Originally, most FDI went to import substitution industries, petroleum and bauxite. Gradually after 1980, FDI in the smaller islands shifted to service industries such as tourism and informatics. The openness of Caribbean economies facilitated the inflow of FDI.
Foreign Investment: India
It is often argued that free trade is better than restricted trade, which in turn is better than ... more It is often argued that free trade is better than restricted trade, which in turn is better than no trade at all. This argument may not always apply to the FDI made by MNCs in the respective host countries. Sometimes, the interests of the MNCs are in conflict with those of the host country. An MNC is primarily interested in global profit maximization, which may not necessarily lead to greater investment and employment generation in the host country. Nevertheless, there is room for bargaining to bring about Pareto-improvement, which can be evidenced by gradual removal of restrictions on foreign investment in developing countries by the respective governments, to attract FDI.
The growing importance of FDI Measurement of FDI Rationale of FDI Determinants of FDI Rationale f... more The growing importance of FDI Measurement of FDI Rationale of FDI Determinants of FDI Rationale for this study Structure of the book 2 FDI: Global Trends and Assessments Introduction Regional trend Brazil, Russia, India and China-cooperation or competition? Sectoral distribution of global FDI Summary 3 Explaining FDI Inflows-an Alternate Approach Introduction The neighbourhoods The evolution of the neighbourhoods China and the extended neighbourhood India and the extended neighbourhood The Caribbean and the extended neighbourhood Summary 4 Foreign Investment: China Introduction Geographical distribution of FDI Forms of FDI vii FDI and trade High-tech product and foreign firms R&D Spillover effect Summary 5 Foreign Investment: India Introduction Evolution of government policies Geographical distribution of FDI Forms of FDI Exports and FDI R&D and FDI Post-1991 policies, FDI and spillover Summary 6 Foreign Investment: The Caribbean Introduction Investment climate in the Caribbean FDI in Trinidad and Tobago Characteristics of CARICOM cross-border location activity Domestic pull and external push factors and economic impact of FDI The Caribbean system of skill development Summary
New Technology and Land Elevations: Small Farms in Bangladesh
It used to be claimed, notably in developing counties, that imperfection of factor markets is the... more It used to be claimed, notably in developing counties, that imperfection of factor markets is the determinant factor in explaining unemployment and poverty. Solutions such as supply of inputs and land reform etc. were suggested. Yet in poorer countries the odds are, that even within a village and during a peak farm operation, the question of disguised unemployment is liable to be troublesome as these are time specific and water management specific. What is thus interesting and seems to have been missed out by the existing literature is that several of the factors can be exacerbated or minimized depending on the management of water in question. Dr. Banik re-explored the problem and has addressed various policy implications with economic incentives. This book will be of considerable interest to students of economics in general and particularly to those focusing on rural finance, development economics and South Asian studies.
Economic and Political Weekly
Explaining FDI Inflows to India, China and the Caribbean An Extended Neighbourhood Approach FDI f... more Explaining FDI Inflows to India, China and the Caribbean An Extended Neighbourhood Approach FDI flows are generally believed to be influenced by economic indicators like market size, export intensity, institutions, etc, irrespective of the source and the destination countries. This paper looks at FDI inflows in an alternative approach based on the concepts of neighbourhood and extended neighbourhood. The study shows that the neighbourhood concepts are widely applicable in different contexts-particularly for China and India, and partly in the case of the Caribbean. There are significant common factors in explaining FDI inflows in select regions. While a substantial fraction of FDI inflows may be explained by select economic variables, country-specific factors and the idiosyncratic component account for more of the investment inflows in Europe, China and India. ARINDAM BANIK, PRADIP K BHAUMIK, SUNDAY O IYARE (iv) The extended neighbourhood-the role of ethnicity when FDI became explorative and brought changes in repetitive and local experimentation with new alternatives in its wake.
Global Business Review, 2019
Taking an idea or invention successfully from laboratory to the market is innovation. When such a... more Taking an idea or invention successfully from laboratory to the market is innovation. When such an innovation becomes so successful that it ultimately changes the social practices and thereby forces incumbent market leaders to shut shop, it becomes disruptive innovation (DI). Christensen proposed a framework to analyze an industry for DI and later analyzed five industries-aviation, education, healthcare, telecommunication, semiconductors & innovation overseas-using this framework. However, the business of aerospace and defence is different from conventional businesses and thereby requires additional considerations and modifications to the framework proposed by Christensen. This article focuses on the DI in aerospace and defence industry by developing an analytical framework that captures essential factors based on the original theory of Christensen; literature on and around it; known frameworks and studies of select successful cases of DI in aerospace and defence industry literature. Christensen's framework is analyzed and evaluated for its strengths and weaknesses and also its applicability to aerospace and defence business. Stakeholder analysis is also conducted, and empirical evidence of the factors is verified. A framework is then developed to analyze DI in the aerospace and defence industry.
Global Business Review, 2016
On the morning of 30 June 2012, two years after the Airtel Zain deal was announced, Mr Sunil Mitt... more On the morning of 30 June 2012, two years after the Airtel Zain deal was announced, Mr Sunil Mittal, the Founder-Chairman Bharti Airtel, was looking forward to the review meeting at their Vasant Kunj office in Delhi, India with Mr Manoj Kohli, CEO (International) and Joint MD, Bharti Enterprises, who was in charge of Airtel's Africa operations. 1 Mr Mittal's long-held dream of foraying into the emerging market of Africa had finally come true with the acquisition of Zain in early 2010. A journey that began three years back, went through turbulences and culminated into successful acquisition of Africa's second largest telecom company Zain Africa BV's operations in 15 countries with an enterprise value of US$10.7 billion. 2 The 15 countries that Bharti Airtel had acquired from Zain in Africa were: Burkina Faso, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
In this article, we analyse the factors that determine the fatality rates across 29 economies spr... more In this article, we analyse the factors that determine the fatality rates across 29 economies spread across both the developing and developed world. Recent emerging literature and expert opinions in popular media have indicated various factors that may explain cross-country difference in fatality rates. These factors range from access to public health infrastructure, BCG vaccination policies, demographic structure, restrictive policy interventions and the weather. In addition, articles are examining different kinds of fatality rates that can be explained. Progressing beyond fragmented databases and anecdotal evidence, we have developed a database for such factors, have explored various econometric models to test the explanatory power of these factors in explaining several kinds of fatality rates. Based on available data, our study reveals that factors such as public health system, population age structure, poverty level and BCG vaccination are powerful contributory factors in determining fatality rates. Interactions between factors such as poverty level and BCG vaccination provide interesting insights into the complex interplay of factors. Our analysis suggests that poor citizens' access to the public healthcare system are worse in many countries irrespective of whether they are developed or developing countries.
IIC Quarterly, 2021
The farmers of India are poised to play a crucial role in the country's economy, embodying its so... more The farmers of India are poised to play a crucial role in the country's economy, embodying its sociocultural and economic landscape. A thriving agricultural sector, characterized by effective backward and forward linkages, creates a robust supply chain. This process ensures the safe and reliable provision of essential inputs, including irrigation, seeds, and fertilizers. It also cultivates a market for their products at fair prices, enhances energy security, and contributes to employment and economic development, particularly in semi-urban and rural regions. In this context, farming acts as a pivotal nexus for related sectors, spanning from farm machinery manufacturing to food processing. Moreover, the agricultural industry has a significant impact on national economic growth by supplying vital raw materials for the production of a diverse array of goods and services, many of which generate considerable export value. Regrettably, the agricultural sector remains less understood, resulting in fragmented or compartmentalized policy recommendations. Although the collection of farm data is well-organized, analyses of this data and resulting policy recommendations are often lacking in many states. Nevertheless, a select few states benefit from periodic reviews of farm data, which yield viable solutions. Farm sector reforms have long been anticipated, yet they require a credible business model for effective policy implementation.
Journal of International Development, 2005
Large amounts of investments are made by developing countries in designing and implementing pover... more Large amounts of investments are made by developing countries in designing and implementing poverty alleviation programmes. Many of such programmes are also targeted at well defined beneficiaries. This paper attempts to analyse if some segments of beneficiaries are more likely to benefit from these programmes visa `-vis other beneficiaries. From an econometric analysis of primary data collected from the SITRA programme in India it was found that the socially and economically disadvantaged sections of beneficiaries were more likely to have benefited from the programme, under which improved toolkits were provided to poor rural artisans at ninety per cent subsidy. The conclusions have important policy implications as they lead to possible win-win situations as narrower targeting of the same poverty alleviation programme on more disadvantaged sections could achieve higher growth as well as greater reduction of poverty.
Modern Economy, 2012
This paper uses cointegration and vector error-correction models to analyse the causal relationsh... more This paper uses cointegration and vector error-correction models to analyse the causal relationship between education and development across select Indian states using annual data from 1980-81 to 2008-09. Expenditure on education per capita is used as the proxy for education, while State domestic product per capita is the proxy for development. The empirical results provide some evidence of bi-directional causality in Indian States such as Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. There is also evidence of causation running from per capita expenditure on education to per capita State domestic product in either the short or long run in states such as Bihar,
International Journal of Social Economics, 2015
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that explain dropout of children from pri... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that explain dropout of children from primary schools in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Design/methodology/approach-The field survey was carried out in two phases, one, during January to April of 2010 and two, between August and November of 2011. The entire research work is based on stratified random sampling. The population in Lohit district is a set of tribal and non-tribal (mostly general) people. The district has two major tribes-Mishmi and Khamti. Findings-The authors find that children dropout of school is affected by number of factors such as earning compulsions, household work, access to school, school time not suitable and parental unawareness. Research limitations/implications-It is imperative to mention here that "earning compulsion" can be described only as a derivative of the major problem of abject poverty. Practical implications-By highlighting the role of appropriate intervention as well as incapacitation, the authors believe that the findings presented above shed light on some important factors that explain dropouts. Social implications-The evidence provided in this paper underscores the importance of social interactions in analysing individual outcomes. Originality/value-The findings may have significant bearings in reducing dropout rates in India.
Economic and Political Weekly, 2002
Economic and Political Weekly, 1997
Once the transitional problems caused to present import-substituting industries and consequent to... more Once the transitional problems caused to present import-substituting industries and consequent toss of employment are overcome, the creation of a free trade area will yield major benefits to all the countries of the South Asian Region.
Economic and Political Weekly, 1994
It used to be claimed, notably in Indian subcontinent that there is either a positive or negative... more It used to be claimed, notably in Indian subcontinent that there is either a positive or negative significant relationship between land productivity and farm size. Attempts were made to explain the relationship using two important factors, viz, disguise unemployment and imperfection of factor markets. Solutions such as supply of inputs, land reform, etc, were suggested. Yet in poorer countries the odds are that even within a village and during any peak farm operation the question of disguise unemployment is liable to be troublesome in rice economies as these are time-specific and water management-specific. What is thus interesting and seems to have been missed out by the existing literature is that several of the factors can be exacerbated or minimised depending on the management of water in question. This article re-explores the problem on the basis of field studies in Bangladesh. The study is unable to trace any kind of significant relationship between the farm size and land productivity in both monsoon and rabi season. Instead, it appears that water management in a specific land elevation is most relevant in a village in explaining land productivity differentials.
Global Business Review, 2020
The article examines whether different corporate governance practices and ownership patterns infl... more The article examines whether different corporate governance practices and ownership patterns influence firm performance and value creation in an emerging market context. The study establishes that the governance-performance relation depends highly on the estimation tools applied. While the pooled regression or fixed effects panel model may provide spurious and biased relations, the system generalized method of moments (GMM) model provides superior and valid results by addressing all types of endogeneity problems. The results show that firms with a separate CEO and chairperson outperform firms with CEO duality. Also, higher executive salary leads to improved firm performance. Moreover, higher promoter shareholding leads to greater value creation and improved firm performance, and domestic institutional investors (DII) have a significant impact on firm performance.
Global Business Review, 2014
This study aims to assess barriers to service trade in the education, health, telecom, transport,... more This study aims to assess barriers to service trade in the education, health, telecom, transport, travel and tourism, and banking and insurance sectors of selected South Asian economies such as India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh, including both trade and domestic restrictions. The analysis is focused on the computation of aggregate and modal service trade restrictiveness indices (STRIs) by sector, drawing on information gathered based on detailed questionnaires. The conclusions highlight that while significant regulatory reforms have taken place in certain (for example Telecom) service sectors over the last decade, a broad range of restrictions still remain. The most significant change in these service sectors has been the lifting or softening of the constraints imposed on foreign equity participation. Interestingly, the economies in terms of regulatory reforms are more open to non-South Asian economies and not so much open to each other. However, reforms have had varying degrees of impact on market structure depending on the country and the sector. Keywords Trade in services, SAARC region, service trade, restrictiveness, trade reform, service trade restrictiveness index (STRI) Global Business Review 15(4) 795-814
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 2006
This section of the Developer's Assessment Report (DAR) provides a summary of the main elements o... more This section of the Developer's Assessment Report (DAR) provides a summary of the main elements of the Jay Project (Project) and predictions of the environmental assessment of the Project. For the human environment, the Project is expected to have overall positive effects on the socioeconomic environment, maximizing economic, employment, and educational benefits, while minimizing the negative impacts on well-being, physical infrastructure and non-traditional land use. Impacts to cultural aspects are predicted to be not significant. The Project is expected to have no significant negative effects on the biophysical environment (i.e., air quality, water quality and quantity, fish and fish habitat, vegetation, caribou, and wildlife and wildlife habitat).
India's Transition to Knowledge Economy: Variation across States
SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd eBooks, Mar 5, 2014
Foreign Investment: The Caribbean
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 2006
The previous chapter looked at FDI in India. This chapter shows how FDI has affected the small ec... more The previous chapter looked at FDI in India. This chapter shows how FDI has affected the small economies in the Caribbean. Most Caribbean countries have pursued an open door policy to FDI from around 1960. This policy was based on the provision of generous tax incentives to foreign investors. Originally, most FDI went to import substitution industries, petroleum and bauxite. Gradually after 1980, FDI in the smaller islands shifted to service industries such as tourism and informatics. The openness of Caribbean economies facilitated the inflow of FDI.
Foreign Investment: India
It is often argued that free trade is better than restricted trade, which in turn is better than ... more It is often argued that free trade is better than restricted trade, which in turn is better than no trade at all. This argument may not always apply to the FDI made by MNCs in the respective host countries. Sometimes, the interests of the MNCs are in conflict with those of the host country. An MNC is primarily interested in global profit maximization, which may not necessarily lead to greater investment and employment generation in the host country. Nevertheless, there is room for bargaining to bring about Pareto-improvement, which can be evidenced by gradual removal of restrictions on foreign investment in developing countries by the respective governments, to attract FDI.
Two Bengals Two Entities: Construction of Their Development Narratives
Global Business Review, 2016
The case focuses on a series of strategic and organizational challenges facing Bharti Airtel for ... more The case focuses on a series of strategic and organizational challenges facing Bharti Airtel for running their newly acquired African operations. 1 Especially, the acquisition and its fate is under question. The main characters responsible for this African deal retrospect on the basic reason for this deal and the way forward. In the case opening, Sunil Bharti Mittal, the promoter of Bharti Airtel is meeting a member of Bharti Airtel's top management who is heading the Africa operations. In this meeting, the top management of Bharti Airtel must explore the basic reasons of investing in the African business, the competitive advantage the company may have gained through this deal, the dynamics of a price sensitive market like that of African countries and, finally, must decide the way forward. The Bharti Airtel-Zain Merger case focuses on a wide range of issues pertaining to international business, international finance and strategy. The case primarily highlights the challenges faced in the event of transnational mergers and acquisition. The case begins with a brief history of the Bharti Group as a small-town manufacturing and selling unit to importer of generators. It goes on illustrating the company's gradual shift towards telecommunication sector as manufacturer and importer of pushbutton phones. The case describes the various strategies that Bharti adopted to sustain the changes in the competitive environment and general environment, yet develop a low-cost model to reach the remote corners of rural India and grow as a market leader in the telecom sector. In the next section, Bharti's strategic leap into the international business in search of new and emerging market and in their bid to realize the internationalization dream becomes evident when it ventures to takeover African telecom giant Zain having an operation spread across 15 countries of the continent, including countries like Nigeria, Kenya, Congo and Uganda. The subsequent section deals with the financial aspects of the deal. The deal, being 100 per cent debt-driven, is a high-risk contract, and is a subject matter of in-depth analysis from the international finance perspective.
Economic and Political Weekly
Economic and Political Weekly
Economic and Political Weekly, 2022
SSRN
The balance between local and foreign sources of technology is closely entwined. Likewise, foreig... more The balance between local and foreign sources of technology is closely entwined. Likewise, foreign channels are an essential feature of fast catch-up growth. The firms would have to develop strong marketing capabilities and invest heavily in creating brand images acceptable to worldwide consumers. Similarly, they would have to create a strong research culture within their companies and considerably increase their investments in basic and applied research to generate significant new innovations. The Caribbean cases reveal the careful and strategic selection of firms that explain that the privileges granted were not wasted or abused. Indeed the privileges were cannot be the sole reason for a company locating in a particular jurisdiction, but instead need to form part of a raft of reasons which must include the ability of the host country to assimilate the technology provided. Their choices also at times reflected strategic rather than economic priorities.