Dr Nadia Ayub | IOBM (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr Nadia Ayub

Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting the Measurement of Anomie

PLOS ONE, 2016

Sociologists coined the term &amp... more Sociologists coined the term "anomie" to describe societies that are characterized by disintegration and deregulation. Extending beyond conceptualizations of anomie that conflate the measurements of anomie as 'a state of society' and as a…

Research paper thumbnail of Difference in Job Satisfaction between Private and Public Universities Teachers of Karachi, Pakistan

This paper explores the difference in job satisfaction between private and public sector universi... more This paper explores the difference in job satisfaction between private and public sector university teachers of Karachi, Pakistan. Based on detailed literature review, following hypothesis had formulated; Private University teachers are more satisfied with their jobs in comparison to Public University teachers. The sample of the study comprises of 160 teachers, 80 public (40 males; 40 females) university teachers and 80 private (40 males; 40 females) university teachers of Karachi, Pakistan. Age range was from 24 to 65 and average age was 38.92(SD 8.353). A Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997) was administered to measure job satisfaction. For statistical analysis, independent “t” test was performed to obtain the difference between private and public university teachers on job satisfaction. A result suggests a significant difference was found between Private and Public University teachers. Furthermore, private university teachers were more satisfied with their job as in comparison...

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Relationship between Perceptions of Equity & Job Satisfaction among University Faculty

The significance of perception of equity continues to progress and develop, and the function of j... more The significance of perception of equity continues to progress and develop, and the function of justice in a variety of outcomes is being investigated by researchers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceptions of equity and job satisfaction among university faculty of Karachi, Pakistan. A number of 80 faculties (47 males & 33 females) of different private business universities were used as a sample of the study. Procedural Justice Scale (PJC; Greenberg, 1986); Distributive Justice Index (DJI; Price and Mueller, 1986); and Job satisfaction Survey (JSS; Spector, 1994) were used. In order to interpret the results Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test were applied. The findings of the study supports that procedural justice was positively correlated whereas distributive justice depicts weak correlation with job satisfaction. However, gender difference was found in perceptions of procedural and distributive justice among faculty.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Marital Satisfaction Scale

Objective: This study reviewed the development of the indigenous Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS)... more Objective: This study reviewed the development of the indigenous Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS): a self-report method of identifying variables of marital satisfaction for married couples. Research Design: Scale development Place and Duration: This study was (a part of Ph. D dissertation) conducted in Karachi from 2005 to 2008 Sample and Method: The forty-item scale, which includes twelve subscales, was administered to 600 married couples. Two studies had been undertaken to achieve research objectives. Study 1, described the methods used for item generation for Marital Satisfaction Scale. Study 2 presented the further psychometric development of the Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS), including construct validation of its internal, external structure and reliability. Results: An item-total correlation for all the items was calculated by using Pearson product moment coefficient of correlation. The internal consistency of Marital Satisfaction Scale was 0.696 cronbach alpha level. The r...

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Self-concept and Satisfaction with Life among Adolescents

The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences: Annual Review, 2010

The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between self-concept and sati... more The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between self-concept and satisfaction with life. Based on literature review, it was hypothesized that self-concept would be positively correlated on the variable of satisfaction with life among adolescent and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Level of anger among Pakistani religious minorities adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of Fear of terrorism and its psychological impact in Pakistan

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between procrastination, delay of gratification, and job satisfaction among high school teachers

Japanese Psychological Research, 2014

ABSTRACT The present study aimed at determining whether a significant relationship exists between... more ABSTRACT The present study aimed at determining whether a significant relationship exists between procrastination, delay of gratification, and job satisfaction, with work-related stress as an intervening variable among high school teachers. The sample consisted of 150 high school teachers from Karachi, Pakistan. The analysis showed a negative correlation between procrastination and job satisfaction, and a positive correlation between delay of gratification and job satisfaction. Also, procrastination and delay of gratification were significant predictors of work-related stress, and work-related stress was also a significant predictor of job satisfaction. In conclusion, when the teachers are not procrastinating on their job and score high on delay of gratification they will be more satisfied with their job and feel less stressed.

Research paper thumbnail of Learning Styles of Students and Teaching Styles of Teachers in Business Education: A Case Study of Pakistan

The purpose of the research was to find the association between learning styles and teaching styl... more The purpose of the research was to find the association between learning styles and teaching styles at undergraduate level in a business school. Canfield Learning Styles Inventory (CLSI, 1992) and Staffordshire Evaluation of Teaching Styles (SETS, 2007) were used. 262 students and 12 teachers were taken through random sampling from four disciplines: Marketing, Management, Human Resource Management, and Finance. There was a positive correlation between student learning style and teacher teaching style, which was statistically significant (r = .77, n = 262, P < .0005). The results clearly indicate that awareness raising sessions should be arranged for students and teachers to realize the importance and implications of knowing their learning and teaching styles in business education environment.

Research paper thumbnail of The Factors Predicting Marital Satisfaction: A Gender Difference in Pakistan

Research paper thumbnail of Level of depression among adolescents of religious minorities and their dominant counterparts in Pakistan

Objective: This study investigated the level of depression among religious minority adolescents (... more Objective: This study investigated the level of depression among religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) in comparison with their dominant counterparts (Muslims) in Pakistan. For this purpose, based on literature available, we hypothesised that adolescents of religious minorities would have a higher level of depression than their dominant counterparts.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-Esteem: A Comparative Study of Adolescents from Mainstream and Minority Religious Groups in Pakistan

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the level of self-esteem among religious minority... more Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the level of self-esteem among religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) by making a comparison with their dominant counterparts (Muslims) in Pakistan. It was hypothesized that adolescents of religious minorities would have lower level of self-esteem than their dominant counterparts.

Research paper thumbnail of PRESCRIBING IN ADOLESCENTS The issues with Crohn's disease management

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of income and depression satisfaction with life

Research paper thumbnail of THE RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONAL GROWTH INITIATIVE, PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Ths study investigates the correlation between personal growth initiatives, psychological distres... more Ths study investigates the correlation between personal growth initiatives, psychological distress, and psychological well-being among adolescents. It was assumed that personal growth initiative is significantly associated with psychological well-being, and negatively associated with psychological distress among adolescents. A study consists of 150 (75 males and 75 females) college students of Karachi, Pakistan.

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction

Abstract Numerous researchers investigated the relationship between job satisfaction and work mot... more Abstract Numerous researchers investigated the relationship between job satisfaction and work motivation in diversified professions but none investigated bank managers in Pakistan. Therefore, the current study attempts to explore the relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Student Satisfaction with e-Learning achieved in Pakistan

ABSTRACT: E-learning is growing very rapidly in higher education. Institutions of higher educatio... more ABSTRACT: E-learning is growing very rapidly in higher education. Institutions of higher education are creating courses and programs online to serve a student population that is more dispersed geographically: one that is older and less likely to be able to attend school full time and accustomed to on-demand interactions in other facets of their lives (Nicholson & Sarker, 2002). The student satisfaction with e-learning is success of this program.

Research paper thumbnail of PAY SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN UNIVERSITY FACULTY

Abstract This study highlights the role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in facu... more Abstract This study highlights the role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in faculty of different private business universities located in Karachi, Pakistan. Based on previous literature, it was assumed that pay satisfaction will predict organizational commitment. A survey of 80 faculty members (47 males and 33 females) of different private business universities was conducted. To assess pay satisfaction, Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ; Heneman, & Schwab, 1985) was used.

Research paper thumbnail of The factors predicting students’ satisfaction with university hostels, case study, universiti sains Malaysia

Abstract This study was administrated to undergraduate students living in the various hostels of ... more Abstract This study was administrated to undergraduate students living in the various hostels of Universiti Sains Malaysia. The primary purpose of this study was to identify the most important factors that predict undergraduate students' level of satisfaction with the student hostels they are living in. This paper also explored the difference in the satisfaction levels of students living in hostels within the campus and those living in hostels outside the campus.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance

Abstract The aim of the present study was to explore relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic... more Abstract The aim of the present study was to explore relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. Based on literature review following hypotheses were formulated 1) there would be a positive correlation between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. 2). There would be a gender difference on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. A sample of 200 students (100 males and 100 females) was selected from different colleges of Karachi.

Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting the Measurement of Anomie

PLOS ONE, 2016

Sociologists coined the term &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more Sociologists coined the term &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;anomie&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; to describe societies that are characterized by disintegration and deregulation. Extending beyond conceptualizations of anomie that conflate the measurements of anomie as &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;a state of society&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; and as a…

Research paper thumbnail of Difference in Job Satisfaction between Private and Public Universities Teachers of Karachi, Pakistan

This paper explores the difference in job satisfaction between private and public sector universi... more This paper explores the difference in job satisfaction between private and public sector university teachers of Karachi, Pakistan. Based on detailed literature review, following hypothesis had formulated; Private University teachers are more satisfied with their jobs in comparison to Public University teachers. The sample of the study comprises of 160 teachers, 80 public (40 males; 40 females) university teachers and 80 private (40 males; 40 females) university teachers of Karachi, Pakistan. Age range was from 24 to 65 and average age was 38.92(SD 8.353). A Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997) was administered to measure job satisfaction. For statistical analysis, independent “t” test was performed to obtain the difference between private and public university teachers on job satisfaction. A result suggests a significant difference was found between Private and Public University teachers. Furthermore, private university teachers were more satisfied with their job as in comparison...

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Relationship between Perceptions of Equity & Job Satisfaction among University Faculty

The significance of perception of equity continues to progress and develop, and the function of j... more The significance of perception of equity continues to progress and develop, and the function of justice in a variety of outcomes is being investigated by researchers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceptions of equity and job satisfaction among university faculty of Karachi, Pakistan. A number of 80 faculties (47 males & 33 females) of different private business universities were used as a sample of the study. Procedural Justice Scale (PJC; Greenberg, 1986); Distributive Justice Index (DJI; Price and Mueller, 1986); and Job satisfaction Survey (JSS; Spector, 1994) were used. In order to interpret the results Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test were applied. The findings of the study supports that procedural justice was positively correlated whereas distributive justice depicts weak correlation with job satisfaction. However, gender difference was found in perceptions of procedural and distributive justice among faculty.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Marital Satisfaction Scale

Objective: This study reviewed the development of the indigenous Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS)... more Objective: This study reviewed the development of the indigenous Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS): a self-report method of identifying variables of marital satisfaction for married couples. Research Design: Scale development Place and Duration: This study was (a part of Ph. D dissertation) conducted in Karachi from 2005 to 2008 Sample and Method: The forty-item scale, which includes twelve subscales, was administered to 600 married couples. Two studies had been undertaken to achieve research objectives. Study 1, described the methods used for item generation for Marital Satisfaction Scale. Study 2 presented the further psychometric development of the Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS), including construct validation of its internal, external structure and reliability. Results: An item-total correlation for all the items was calculated by using Pearson product moment coefficient of correlation. The internal consistency of Marital Satisfaction Scale was 0.696 cronbach alpha level. The r...

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Self-concept and Satisfaction with Life among Adolescents

The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences: Annual Review, 2010

The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between self-concept and sati... more The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between self-concept and satisfaction with life. Based on literature review, it was hypothesized that self-concept would be positively correlated on the variable of satisfaction with life among adolescent and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Level of anger among Pakistani religious minorities adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of Fear of terrorism and its psychological impact in Pakistan

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between procrastination, delay of gratification, and job satisfaction among high school teachers

Japanese Psychological Research, 2014

ABSTRACT The present study aimed at determining whether a significant relationship exists between... more ABSTRACT The present study aimed at determining whether a significant relationship exists between procrastination, delay of gratification, and job satisfaction, with work-related stress as an intervening variable among high school teachers. The sample consisted of 150 high school teachers from Karachi, Pakistan. The analysis showed a negative correlation between procrastination and job satisfaction, and a positive correlation between delay of gratification and job satisfaction. Also, procrastination and delay of gratification were significant predictors of work-related stress, and work-related stress was also a significant predictor of job satisfaction. In conclusion, when the teachers are not procrastinating on their job and score high on delay of gratification they will be more satisfied with their job and feel less stressed.

Research paper thumbnail of Learning Styles of Students and Teaching Styles of Teachers in Business Education: A Case Study of Pakistan

The purpose of the research was to find the association between learning styles and teaching styl... more The purpose of the research was to find the association between learning styles and teaching styles at undergraduate level in a business school. Canfield Learning Styles Inventory (CLSI, 1992) and Staffordshire Evaluation of Teaching Styles (SETS, 2007) were used. 262 students and 12 teachers were taken through random sampling from four disciplines: Marketing, Management, Human Resource Management, and Finance. There was a positive correlation between student learning style and teacher teaching style, which was statistically significant (r = .77, n = 262, P < .0005). The results clearly indicate that awareness raising sessions should be arranged for students and teachers to realize the importance and implications of knowing their learning and teaching styles in business education environment.

Research paper thumbnail of The Factors Predicting Marital Satisfaction: A Gender Difference in Pakistan

Research paper thumbnail of Level of depression among adolescents of religious minorities and their dominant counterparts in Pakistan

Objective: This study investigated the level of depression among religious minority adolescents (... more Objective: This study investigated the level of depression among religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) in comparison with their dominant counterparts (Muslims) in Pakistan. For this purpose, based on literature available, we hypothesised that adolescents of religious minorities would have a higher level of depression than their dominant counterparts.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-Esteem: A Comparative Study of Adolescents from Mainstream and Minority Religious Groups in Pakistan

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the level of self-esteem among religious minority... more Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the level of self-esteem among religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) by making a comparison with their dominant counterparts (Muslims) in Pakistan. It was hypothesized that adolescents of religious minorities would have lower level of self-esteem than their dominant counterparts.

Research paper thumbnail of PRESCRIBING IN ADOLESCENTS The issues with Crohn's disease management

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of income and depression satisfaction with life

Research paper thumbnail of THE RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONAL GROWTH INITIATIVE, PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Ths study investigates the correlation between personal growth initiatives, psychological distres... more Ths study investigates the correlation between personal growth initiatives, psychological distress, and psychological well-being among adolescents. It was assumed that personal growth initiative is significantly associated with psychological well-being, and negatively associated with psychological distress among adolescents. A study consists of 150 (75 males and 75 females) college students of Karachi, Pakistan.

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction

Abstract Numerous researchers investigated the relationship between job satisfaction and work mot... more Abstract Numerous researchers investigated the relationship between job satisfaction and work motivation in diversified professions but none investigated bank managers in Pakistan. Therefore, the current study attempts to explore the relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Student Satisfaction with e-Learning achieved in Pakistan

ABSTRACT: E-learning is growing very rapidly in higher education. Institutions of higher educatio... more ABSTRACT: E-learning is growing very rapidly in higher education. Institutions of higher education are creating courses and programs online to serve a student population that is more dispersed geographically: one that is older and less likely to be able to attend school full time and accustomed to on-demand interactions in other facets of their lives (Nicholson & Sarker, 2002). The student satisfaction with e-learning is success of this program.

Research paper thumbnail of PAY SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN UNIVERSITY FACULTY

Abstract This study highlights the role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in facu... more Abstract This study highlights the role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in faculty of different private business universities located in Karachi, Pakistan. Based on previous literature, it was assumed that pay satisfaction will predict organizational commitment. A survey of 80 faculty members (47 males and 33 females) of different private business universities was conducted. To assess pay satisfaction, Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ; Heneman, & Schwab, 1985) was used.

Research paper thumbnail of The factors predicting students’ satisfaction with university hostels, case study, universiti sains Malaysia

Abstract This study was administrated to undergraduate students living in the various hostels of ... more Abstract This study was administrated to undergraduate students living in the various hostels of Universiti Sains Malaysia. The primary purpose of this study was to identify the most important factors that predict undergraduate students' level of satisfaction with the student hostels they are living in. This paper also explored the difference in the satisfaction levels of students living in hostels within the campus and those living in hostels outside the campus.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance

Abstract The aim of the present study was to explore relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic... more Abstract The aim of the present study was to explore relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. Based on literature review following hypotheses were formulated 1) there would be a positive correlation between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. 2). There would be a gender difference on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance. A sample of 200 students (100 males and 100 females) was selected from different colleges of Karachi.