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Papers by Rodolphe Gilbin
International Journal of Radiation Biology, Aug 19, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2023
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2000
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 2, 2012
International audienc
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 12, 2014
International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be ma... more International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be magnified in the vicinity of some nuclear fuel cycle facilities orintensive farming areas. As mixtures are common in environment, U may be found associated with other contaminants such as cadmium (Cd).The exposure of organisms to these mixtures may result in unexpected synergism or antagonism that may be explained by interactions occurringat the exposure, toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamic levels. The identification of these interactions and their underlying mechanisms may be ofinterest for a better risk characterization of multi-metallic polluted sites. In the present study, toxicity of binary mixture of U and Cd was assessedover time on physiological parameters, maximal length and brood size, in a partial lifespan experiment with the soil nematode Caenorhabditiselegans. A 49-condition fractional factorial design (extended design) was used with U and Cd concentrations, representative of some highlypolluted soils, ranging from 0.95 to 1.30 mM and 0.006 to 0.040 mM, respectively. Combined effects were analyzed using MixTox tool (Jonkeret al., 2005) to identify possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions.The best description of the toxic effects was met with the response addition concept and considering a dose-level dependent interaction model.An early significant antagonism was found at 1.2 d. Then, a continuous antagonism was identified for mixture levels upper than the EC36 or atlow U concentrations. As diet is suspected to be the main route of exposure of C. elegans to contaminants, an investigation of the diffusion of Uand Cd from agar to bacteria and their bioaccumulation by nematodes was achieved in a reduced design (8 conditions). A significant reductionof Cd internalization by C. elegans was observed in case of co-exposure with U and these results were correlated with the concentration of contaminants in bacteria. The observed antagonism of toxicity may thus be the resultant of an interaction at the exposure level where the diffusion oradsorption of Cd to bacteria is decreased by U. These findings underline the importance of studying chemical mixtures at various levels to fullyunderstand the underlying mechanisms and thus, avoid misinterpretations in the prediction of combined toxicity. Measurements of U and Cdconcentrations in bacteria are currently performed with the extended design in order to reinterpret the combined toxic effects on the basis ofthese concentrations
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 7, 2014
International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be ma... more International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be magnified in the vicinity of some nuclear fuel cycle facilities orintensive farming areas. As mixtures are common in environment, U may be found associated with other contaminants such as cadmium (Cd).The exposure of organisms to these mixtures may result in unexpected synergism or antagonism that may be explained by interactions occurringat the exposure, toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamic levels. The identification of these interactions and their underlying mechanisms may be ofinterest for a better risk characterization of multi-metallic polluted sites. In the present study, toxicity of binary mixture of U and Cd was assessedover time on physiological parameters, maximal length and brood size, in a partial lifespan experiment with the soil nematode Caenorhabditiselegans. A 49-condition fractional factorial design (extended design) was used with U and Cd concentrations, representative of some highlypolluted soils, ranging from 0.95 to 1.30 mM and 0.006 to 0.040 mM, respectively. Combined effects were analyzed using MixTox tool (Jonkeret al., 2005) to identify possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions.The best description of the toxic effects was met with the response addition concept and considering a dose-level dependent interaction model.An early significant antagonism was found at 1.2 d. Then, a continuous antagonism was identified for mixture levels upper than the EC36 or atlow U concentrations. As diet is suspected to be the main route of exposure of C. elegans to contaminants, an investigation of the diffusion of Uand Cd from agar to bacteria and their bioaccumulation by nematodes was achieved in a reduced design (8 conditions). A significant reductionof Cd internalization by C. elegans was observed in case of co-exposure with U and these results were correlated with the concentration of contaminants in bacteria. The observed antagonism of toxicity may thus be the resultant of an interaction at the exposure level where the diffusion oradsorption of Cd to bacteria is decreased by U. These findings underline the importance of studying chemical mixtures at various levels to fullyunderstand the underlying mechanisms and thus, avoid misinterpretations in the prediction of combined toxicity. Measurements of U and Cdconcentrations in bacteria are currently performed with the extended design in order to reinterpret the combined toxic effects on the basis ofthese concentrations
Radiation Protection Dosimetry
The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems ... more The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems is still not really reflected in the current approaches for protecting public and environment against radiation promoted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection or other similar approaches. Yet some recent thoughts from international organizations lead us to believe that an eco-based approach could be more promoted in the coming years in environmental radiation protection field. The French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety has identified different fields of application of this concept into radiation protection, in line with its integrated approach of radiological risks management. As the ecosystem services approach makes it possible to highlight biophysical and socio-economic approaches of the impacts of ionizing radiation on ecosystems, it represents a subject of primary importance for future works conducted by IRSN. However, the operationality of ...
Aktis (English ed.), 2014
Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2021
Due to mining activities, concentration of uranium (U) in the environment nearby former and opera... more Due to mining activities, concentration of uranium (U) in the environment nearby former and operating sites can be higher than in other areas. The derivation of quality criteria for U in freshwater ecosystems, rivers and lakes includes the consideration of contaminated sediments and the associated risk to the benthic life. Therefore, the derivation of a quality criteria for sediment has been viewed as a logical and necessary extension of the work already done to establish water quality criteria. In order to contribute to the determination of a Quality Standard for sediment (QSsediment) according to the European recommendations, this study focuses on the acquisition of a new toxicity dataset, to enrich the few rare existing data, most often unsuitable. A basic set of organisms, including three complementary benthic organisms (Chironomus riparius, Hyalella azteca, Myriophyllum aquaticum), was chronically exposed to U spiked to a standard laboratory-formulated sediment, according to th...
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
International audienceEn France, les activités d'exploitation du minerai d&#3... more International audienceEn France, les activités d'exploitation du minerai d'uranium ont concerné près de 210 sites répartis sur 25 départements pendant la seconde moitié du XXème siècle. Il est aujourd'hui reconnu que ces anciens sites miniers uranifères peuvent être une source de pollution des écosystèmes aquatiques via les rejets des eaux d'exhaure et de ruissellement dans les hydrosystèmes environnants. En complément des suivis radioécologiques réglementaires visant à l'évaluation de l'impact dosimétrique d'un point de vue sanitaire, il paraît donc tout à fait pertinent de développer et de valider des outils de biosurveillance de la qualité des écosystèmes aquatiques soumis à ce type de pollution, et ainsi accroître nos connaissances pour une meilleure évaluation du risque environnemental et une meilleure gestion de ces hydrosystèmes. Parmi les organismes aquatiques couramment utilisés en biosurveillance, les diatomées benthiques présentent un fort potentiel de bioindication autour des anciens sites miniers uranifères. Elles constituent déjà un compartiment privilégié pour la surveillance et l'évaluation de la qualité des cours d'eau, notamment à travers des indices diatomiques, applicables en routine, basés sur la distribution des communautés et leurs préférences écologiques. D'autre part, les diatomées benthiques sont reconnues pour bioaccumuler les métaux traces et les substances radioactives, mais pour ces derniers les effets restent encore méconnus, notamment à l'échelle de la communauté. Dans ce contexte, un suivi d'un an, avec échantillonnage mensuel, de la rivière Le Ritord a démarré en juillet 09 afin d'évaluer dans quelle mesure une contamination chronique issue de l'exploitation minière en Limousin affecte le périphyton. L'étude vise à analyser les caractéristiques structurelles et fonctionnelles du périphyton et plus particulièrement des diatomées, ainsi que leur évolution en fonction des conditions d'exposition aux stresseurs. Les premiers résultats montrent un net marquage de l'eau de la rivière et du sédiment par l'uranium mais également par du sulfate d'alumine et du chlorure de baryum issus du traitement des eaux d'exhaure. Ces contaminants se retrouvent nettement bioaccumulés par le périphyton et des analyses sont en cours afin de déterminer leur effet sur la composition spécifique du périphyton et son activité photosynthétique
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2021
The virtual laboratory will be developed from information collated as part of Deliverable 2.2 (jo... more The virtual laboratory will be developed from information collated as part of Deliverable 2.2 (joint infrastructure description) and will have a dedicated area on the Radioecology Exchange website.
Uranium is a radioactive contaminant of concern for the aquatic environment, with potentially del... more Uranium is a radioactive contaminant of concern for the aquatic environment, with potentially deleterious releases to freshwaters due to mining, processing and waste disposal. As a metallic element forming cations in aqueous solution, with a chemotoxic mode of action, uranyl is in principle suitable for the development of Biotic Ligand Models to describe the influence of chemistry on its toxicity. Although past research has demonstrated relationships between uranyl (U(VI)) toxicity and key freshwater quality parameters such as dissolved organic carbon concentration, no biotic ligand model has so far been developed for this metal. Ongoing research within the EU Network of Excellence STAR (STrategy for Allied Radioecology) aims to generate uranyl toxicity data for freshwater species suitable for development of Biotic Ligand Models. The species under study are Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), common duckweed (Lemna minor) and water flea (Daphnia magna). For each species, toxic responses across relevant ranges of water chemistry variations (e.g. pH, Na, Mg, K, Ca concentrations) have been measured. Chemical speciation in exposure waters will be computed using the WHAM7 model, following review and updating of the uranyl binding constants. We will present a selection of experimental results to show the key water quality parameters influencing uranyl toxicity to each organism, and will also show how the results will be used to develop Biotic Ligand Models for each organism to allow the effects of water chemistry on uranyl toxicity to be predicted.
International Journal of Radiation Biology, Aug 19, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2023
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2000
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 2, 2012
International audienc
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 12, 2014
International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be ma... more International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be magnified in the vicinity of some nuclear fuel cycle facilities orintensive farming areas. As mixtures are common in environment, U may be found associated with other contaminants such as cadmium (Cd).The exposure of organisms to these mixtures may result in unexpected synergism or antagonism that may be explained by interactions occurringat the exposure, toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamic levels. The identification of these interactions and their underlying mechanisms may be ofinterest for a better risk characterization of multi-metallic polluted sites. In the present study, toxicity of binary mixture of U and Cd was assessedover time on physiological parameters, maximal length and brood size, in a partial lifespan experiment with the soil nematode Caenorhabditiselegans. A 49-condition fractional factorial design (extended design) was used with U and Cd concentrations, representative of some highlypolluted soils, ranging from 0.95 to 1.30 mM and 0.006 to 0.040 mM, respectively. Combined effects were analyzed using MixTox tool (Jonkeret al., 2005) to identify possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions.The best description of the toxic effects was met with the response addition concept and considering a dose-level dependent interaction model.An early significant antagonism was found at 1.2 d. Then, a continuous antagonism was identified for mixture levels upper than the EC36 or atlow U concentrations. As diet is suspected to be the main route of exposure of C. elegans to contaminants, an investigation of the diffusion of Uand Cd from agar to bacteria and their bioaccumulation by nematodes was achieved in a reduced design (8 conditions). A significant reductionof Cd internalization by C. elegans was observed in case of co-exposure with U and these results were correlated with the concentration of contaminants in bacteria. The observed antagonism of toxicity may thus be the resultant of an interaction at the exposure level where the diffusion oradsorption of Cd to bacteria is decreased by U. These findings underline the importance of studying chemical mixtures at various levels to fullyunderstand the underlying mechanisms and thus, avoid misinterpretations in the prediction of combined toxicity. Measurements of U and Cdconcentrations in bacteria are currently performed with the extended design in order to reinterpret the combined toxic effects on the basis ofthese concentrations
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 7, 2014
International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be ma... more International audienceUranium (U) is a natural ubiquitous radioelement whose occurrence may be magnified in the vicinity of some nuclear fuel cycle facilities orintensive farming areas. As mixtures are common in environment, U may be found associated with other contaminants such as cadmium (Cd).The exposure of organisms to these mixtures may result in unexpected synergism or antagonism that may be explained by interactions occurringat the exposure, toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamic levels. The identification of these interactions and their underlying mechanisms may be ofinterest for a better risk characterization of multi-metallic polluted sites. In the present study, toxicity of binary mixture of U and Cd was assessedover time on physiological parameters, maximal length and brood size, in a partial lifespan experiment with the soil nematode Caenorhabditiselegans. A 49-condition fractional factorial design (extended design) was used with U and Cd concentrations, representative of some highlypolluted soils, ranging from 0.95 to 1.30 mM and 0.006 to 0.040 mM, respectively. Combined effects were analyzed using MixTox tool (Jonkeret al., 2005) to identify possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions.The best description of the toxic effects was met with the response addition concept and considering a dose-level dependent interaction model.An early significant antagonism was found at 1.2 d. Then, a continuous antagonism was identified for mixture levels upper than the EC36 or atlow U concentrations. As diet is suspected to be the main route of exposure of C. elegans to contaminants, an investigation of the diffusion of Uand Cd from agar to bacteria and their bioaccumulation by nematodes was achieved in a reduced design (8 conditions). A significant reductionof Cd internalization by C. elegans was observed in case of co-exposure with U and these results were correlated with the concentration of contaminants in bacteria. The observed antagonism of toxicity may thus be the resultant of an interaction at the exposure level where the diffusion oradsorption of Cd to bacteria is decreased by U. These findings underline the importance of studying chemical mixtures at various levels to fullyunderstand the underlying mechanisms and thus, avoid misinterpretations in the prediction of combined toxicity. Measurements of U and Cdconcentrations in bacteria are currently performed with the extended design in order to reinterpret the combined toxic effects on the basis ofthese concentrations
Radiation Protection Dosimetry
The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems ... more The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems is still not really reflected in the current approaches for protecting public and environment against radiation promoted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection or other similar approaches. Yet some recent thoughts from international organizations lead us to believe that an eco-based approach could be more promoted in the coming years in environmental radiation protection field. The French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety has identified different fields of application of this concept into radiation protection, in line with its integrated approach of radiological risks management. As the ecosystem services approach makes it possible to highlight biophysical and socio-economic approaches of the impacts of ionizing radiation on ecosystems, it represents a subject of primary importance for future works conducted by IRSN. However, the operationality of ...
Aktis (English ed.), 2014
Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2021
Due to mining activities, concentration of uranium (U) in the environment nearby former and opera... more Due to mining activities, concentration of uranium (U) in the environment nearby former and operating sites can be higher than in other areas. The derivation of quality criteria for U in freshwater ecosystems, rivers and lakes includes the consideration of contaminated sediments and the associated risk to the benthic life. Therefore, the derivation of a quality criteria for sediment has been viewed as a logical and necessary extension of the work already done to establish water quality criteria. In order to contribute to the determination of a Quality Standard for sediment (QSsediment) according to the European recommendations, this study focuses on the acquisition of a new toxicity dataset, to enrich the few rare existing data, most often unsuitable. A basic set of organisms, including three complementary benthic organisms (Chironomus riparius, Hyalella azteca, Myriophyllum aquaticum), was chronically exposed to U spiked to a standard laboratory-formulated sediment, according to th...
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
International audienceEn France, les activités d'exploitation du minerai d&#3... more International audienceEn France, les activités d'exploitation du minerai d'uranium ont concerné près de 210 sites répartis sur 25 départements pendant la seconde moitié du XXème siècle. Il est aujourd'hui reconnu que ces anciens sites miniers uranifères peuvent être une source de pollution des écosystèmes aquatiques via les rejets des eaux d'exhaure et de ruissellement dans les hydrosystèmes environnants. En complément des suivis radioécologiques réglementaires visant à l'évaluation de l'impact dosimétrique d'un point de vue sanitaire, il paraît donc tout à fait pertinent de développer et de valider des outils de biosurveillance de la qualité des écosystèmes aquatiques soumis à ce type de pollution, et ainsi accroître nos connaissances pour une meilleure évaluation du risque environnemental et une meilleure gestion de ces hydrosystèmes. Parmi les organismes aquatiques couramment utilisés en biosurveillance, les diatomées benthiques présentent un fort potentiel de bioindication autour des anciens sites miniers uranifères. Elles constituent déjà un compartiment privilégié pour la surveillance et l'évaluation de la qualité des cours d'eau, notamment à travers des indices diatomiques, applicables en routine, basés sur la distribution des communautés et leurs préférences écologiques. D'autre part, les diatomées benthiques sont reconnues pour bioaccumuler les métaux traces et les substances radioactives, mais pour ces derniers les effets restent encore méconnus, notamment à l'échelle de la communauté. Dans ce contexte, un suivi d'un an, avec échantillonnage mensuel, de la rivière Le Ritord a démarré en juillet 09 afin d'évaluer dans quelle mesure une contamination chronique issue de l'exploitation minière en Limousin affecte le périphyton. L'étude vise à analyser les caractéristiques structurelles et fonctionnelles du périphyton et plus particulièrement des diatomées, ainsi que leur évolution en fonction des conditions d'exposition aux stresseurs. Les premiers résultats montrent un net marquage de l'eau de la rivière et du sédiment par l'uranium mais également par du sulfate d'alumine et du chlorure de baryum issus du traitement des eaux d'exhaure. Ces contaminants se retrouvent nettement bioaccumulés par le périphyton et des analyses sont en cours afin de déterminer leur effet sur la composition spécifique du périphyton et son activité photosynthétique
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2021
The virtual laboratory will be developed from information collated as part of Deliverable 2.2 (jo... more The virtual laboratory will be developed from information collated as part of Deliverable 2.2 (joint infrastructure description) and will have a dedicated area on the Radioecology Exchange website.
Uranium is a radioactive contaminant of concern for the aquatic environment, with potentially del... more Uranium is a radioactive contaminant of concern for the aquatic environment, with potentially deleterious releases to freshwaters due to mining, processing and waste disposal. As a metallic element forming cations in aqueous solution, with a chemotoxic mode of action, uranyl is in principle suitable for the development of Biotic Ligand Models to describe the influence of chemistry on its toxicity. Although past research has demonstrated relationships between uranyl (U(VI)) toxicity and key freshwater quality parameters such as dissolved organic carbon concentration, no biotic ligand model has so far been developed for this metal. Ongoing research within the EU Network of Excellence STAR (STrategy for Allied Radioecology) aims to generate uranyl toxicity data for freshwater species suitable for development of Biotic Ligand Models. The species under study are Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), common duckweed (Lemna minor) and water flea (Daphnia magna). For each species, toxic responses across relevant ranges of water chemistry variations (e.g. pH, Na, Mg, K, Ca concentrations) have been measured. Chemical speciation in exposure waters will be computed using the WHAM7 model, following review and updating of the uranyl binding constants. We will present a selection of experimental results to show the key water quality parameters influencing uranyl toxicity to each organism, and will also show how the results will be used to develop Biotic Ligand Models for each organism to allow the effects of water chemistry on uranyl toxicity to be predicted.