Ieva Zebryte | ISM - University of Management and Economics (original) (raw)

Papers by Ieva Zebryte

PhD in Management program completed (dissertation defense pending) at the ISM-University of Manag... more PhD in Management program completed (dissertation defense pending) at the ISM-University of Management and Economics (Lithuania). PhD thesis topic "Resilience practices by small businesses of vulnerable entrepreneuring ecosystems" (expected dissertation defense date: May 2024). I am a member of the ISM University sponsored GUESSS Lithuania team which researches Lithuanian college and university students' entrepreneurship, as well as a junior research fellow with the "Relationship between Founders' Age and Company Performance: Cross-cultural Comparison of these Characteristics in Young Innovative Companies" project.

Revista Chilena de Derecho y Ciencia Política

El incremento de la inmigración a Chile, ha incluido el avecindamientode migrantes no convenciona... more El incremento de la inmigración a Chile, ha incluido el avecindamientode migrantes no convencionales en el territorio nacional. Esta clasificaciónde extranjeros se ha caracterizado por provenir de países desarrollados,con un importante capital social, cultural y, a la vez financiero, en miras del despliegue de sus proyectos de vida alternos. Fruto de ello, la rees tructuración de la realidad socio-cultural en el ámbito de la esfera pública,es propia del grado de participación efectuado en el nuevo lugar escogido.Siendo necesarias las instancias de participación ciudadana otorgadas por ellegislador a nivel constitucional y legal, para la integración de los migrantesno convencionales. Sin embargo, estas instancias carecen de difusión ycuentan con ciertas limitaciones, que se espera, la nueva normativa en tramitación pueda subsanar para una eficaz aplicación de esta herramienta degobernanza local.

Jurídicas, 2022

This paper reports on a comparative study between the structures, regulation and challenges of sm... more This paper reports on a comparative study between the structures, regulation and challenges of small and medium size businesses (SMEs) in Australia and two Latin American jurisdictions – Chile and Cuba - with the object of exploring ways in which SME-propitious ecosystem can be configured in an unprecedented crisis situation. It examines the legislation, bodies and regulation in place which deal with SME issues, including consumer protection, and the differing contextual considerations, taking cognizance of the challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the paper explores ways in which SMEs can be assisted and advised of their legal rights, including the provision of clinical and advisory support at a university level, and considers the steps taken by governments in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. To compare practices and learn from them the research utilizes three case studies and contrasts the issues faced in an emerging economy such as Cuba with more established frameworks such as Chile and Australia, both OECD countries.

Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals, 2014

La crisis financiera ha producido un relativamente novedoso tipo de movilidad desde paises del No... more La crisis financiera ha producido un relativamente novedoso tipo de movilidad desde paises del Norte hacia America Latina. Este articulo analiza la insercion de migrantes de origen europeo y estadounidense en la Norpatagonia andina, area de un alto valor paisajistico y vocacion turistica. El uso de datos estadisticos e instrumentos cualitativo-interpretativos muestra que esta migracion ha cobrado importancia en el marco de la llamada «migracion por insatisfaccion», en contraposicion a la «migracion por deficiencia». Si bien la expresion del fenomeno presenta diferencias en el interior de la region, este produce nuevos procesos socioterritoriales y culturales que ameritan un analisis.

Revista Jurídicas, 2022

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2021

To develop resilient business models, entrepreneurs who operate in an emerging economy tourist de... more To develop resilient business models, entrepreneurs who operate in an emerging economy tourist destination under continuous threat of natural disasters would benefit from knowledge attained by practical experience as well as by academic research. The aim of this study is to examine how the application of this knowledge can bolster business resilience. We draw on current empirical literature in the areas of business and tourism resilience to identify the scope of actionable design interventions. Eighteen years (2000-2018) of tourism and business resilience research were reviewed by a panel of experts to identify reoccurring topics, issues and problems. Following a thematic analysis, these topics were organised into business model canvas (BMC) blocks. We answer the question of how knowledge may be generated to aid the decision-making by tourism entrepreneurs of emerging economies whose businesses are disrupted by natural disaster events. Our contribution is simultaneously to academia and management through the conceptualisation of the BMC as an entrepreneurial knowledge management tool and as a framework for resilient business design.

Para descargar el reporte haz click en el siguiente enlace: / To download the report follow this ... more Para descargar el reporte haz click en el siguiente enlace: / To download the report follow this link: https://fcje.ufro.cl/gem/ * TEA, dentro de la metodología GEM, es el Total de Actividad Emprendedora en etapas tempranas. ** Emprendedores establecidos son cuyos emprendimientos presentan la trayectoria de pago de salarios por más de 42 meses.

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 2017

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the question of how social entrepreneurs achieve ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the question of how social entrepreneurs achieve the desired impact-based model of business. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research design included semi-structured in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs of three Chilean Tourism B Corporations (B Corps), participant observation of the Latin American B Movement, and print, digital and social media clippings. Findings This research unearths the practices by which entrepreneurs implement their aspirations of balancing profit and social impact obligations within their business models. Research limitations/implications Though an intentional sample is not representative in quantitative terms, the employed research design allowed the authors to deepen the understanding of the processes which are taking place in Chile, Latin America, and on the Global scale. The authors concluded that social benefit commitment guides innovation in business models of Chilean entrepreneurs seeking to ha...

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2021

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business., 2021

La situación de MiPyMEs y sus relaciones con clientes, enfocándose en los bloques 2, 3, 4 y 5 del... more La situación de MiPyMEs y sus relaciones con clientes, enfocándose en los bloques 2, 3, 4 y 5 del BMC (business model canvas) fue realizado por la estudiante de pregrado, ahora titulada, de ingeniería comercial de la UFRO Valentina Barahona Vidal. Ella también formuló un borrador del documento con recomendaciones / tips para las MiPyMEs, y validó y redactó las recomendaciones con el apoyo de expertos del Derecho de Consumo chileno, específicamente Dra. María Elisa Morales de la Universidad Austral de Chile. Además, para el desarrollo de la infografía se contó con el apoyo de FISCALÍA DEL CONSUMIDOR A.C. La infografía fue públicamente lanzada en el evento webinario, y se difundió por las RRSS de la FCJE-UFRO. Las personas asistentes del webinario fueron, en su mayoría, asesoras y asesores de emprendedoras, emprendedores y propietarios-gestores de las MiPyMEs regionales, por lo que percibimos efecto multiplicador del evento, el cual se puede apreciar en el siguiente enlace: https://youtu.be/HQGzeT8qHpQ Lo que no hemos anticipado al proponer el proyecto, fue que las personas desde extranjero emitirán su voto por las RRSS a favor de las MiPyMEs del rubro turístico. Aunque la votación fue anónima, por las RRSS después supimos que los viajeros quienes antes de la pandemia han visitado emprendimientos turísticos de La Araucanía, emitieron su voto a favor de las MiPyMEs regionales para visibilizar su trabajo y apoyar en la futura recuperación de su actividad comercial turística. Finalmente, los materiales del webinario y la infografía quedan a disposición de las MiPyMEs regionales a través de la página web de la fcje.ufro.cl debajo de la etiqueta “Información COVID19”.

Derecho de Consumo. MiPyME. COVID19., 2021

Journal of Small Business Strategy, 2019

The aim of this study is to examine the role of Open Data in entrepreneurial decision-making in a... more The aim of this study is to examine the role of Open Data in entrepreneurial decision-making in a destination threatened by natural disasters and located in an emerging economy. The region of La Araucanía, in Chile, was chosen because it constantly faces the threat of devastating natural disasters and is also the poorest region of Chile. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and awareness-building workshops, with a convenience sample of 32 entrepreneurs out of 150 registered for Federation of Tourism Businesses (FEDETUR’s CET) program. The study found that local entrepreneurs are reasonably aware of the advantages and disadvantages of platforms that link supply and demand for tourism services. However, they express little interest or trust in publicly available information, and use terms like ‘internet data’ and ‘technology’ interchangeably with ‘information’ and ‘platforms’. We conclude that in order for entrepreneurs in emerging economies to strengthen their businesses’ resilience to natural disasters in the digital economy era, adjustments in their decision-making processes need to be made. Tourism-dependent places situated in emerging economies rely heavily on micro and small businesses. Greater awareness of how future economies are both ‘atom-enabled’ (landscape and other tourism resources) and ‘bit-dependent’ (digitalization of tourism) would benefit tourism entrepreneurs facing natural disaster-induced business disruptions by enabling timely and more appropriate responses. The study opens the academic debate on the role that open data could come to play in entrepreneurial decision-making within emerging economies when tourism businesses are disrupted by natural disasters.

Tourism Sector Resilience Tourism Destination R. Community R Organizational R. Firm R. SME R. Ent... more Tourism Sector Resilience
Tourism Destination R.
Community R
Organizational R.
Firm R.
SME R.
Entrepreneurial R.
Entrepreneurship R.
Business R.
Vulnerability
Awareness
Preparedness
Disaster Resilience
Response
Recovery
Survival
Dynamic capabilities approach
Anticipatory capacity
Absorptive capacity
Adaptive capacity

Bu çalışmada adil dünya inancı, sürekli umut, pozitif negatif duygu durumu ve sosyal desteğin yaş... more Bu çalışmada adil dünya inancı, sürekli umut, pozitif negatif duygu durumu ve sosyal desteğin yaşamda anlamı yordama gücü incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden yordayıcı korelasyonel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılında Türkiye'nin Batısında yer alan bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 323 üniversite öğrencisiyle yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılara adil dünya inancı ölçeği, sürekli umut ölçeği, PANAS, algılanan sosyal destek ölçeği ve yaşamda anlam ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Adil dünya inancı, sürekli umut, pozitif ve negatif duygu durumu, sosyal destek ve yaşamda anlam düzeylerinin cinsiyete göre farklılaşma durumunu belirlemek için bağımsız gruplar t testi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre katılımcıların cinsiyetlerine göre adil dünya inançları (t(321)= ,031, p > 0,05), sürekli umut düzeyleri (t(321)= ,654, p > 0,05), pozitif ve negatif duygu durumları (t(321)=-1,672, p > 0,05), Sosyal destek düzeyleri (t(321)= ,368, p > 0,05) ve yaşamda anlam düzeyleri (t(321)=-1,279, p > 0,05) arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür. Katılımcıların adil dünya inancı, sürekli umut, pozitif ve negatif duygu durumu ve sosyal desteğin yaşamda anlamı ne derece yordadığını belirlemek amacıyla standart çoklu doğrusal regresyon yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bağımsız değişkenler yaşamda anlamdaki varyansın yaklaşık %13'ünü açıklamaktadır (R= ,361, R 2 =,130, F(4, 318)=11,898, p=,000). Standartlaştırılmış regresyon katsayıları incelendiğinde adil dünya inancının (= ,183; p < ,01) modele en büyük

Revista Chilena de Derecho y Ciencia Política

Jurídicas, 2022

Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals, 2014

Revista Jurídicas, 2022

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2021

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 2017

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2021

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business., 2021

Derecho de Consumo. MiPyME. COVID19., 2021

Journal of Small Business Strategy, 2019

Extended research proposal, 2020

OECD (2019) sums up the challenges that Entrepreneurs and SMEs currently and for some years to co... more OECD (2019) sums up the challenges that Entrepreneurs and SMEs currently and for some years to come face in Chile, before Social Uprising and COVID19 Pandemic. World Economic Forum (2020 a,b) reports highlight the rise of vulnerability across Chilean territories following the Social Uprising and across all countries under the COVID19 Pandemic. Likewise, according to the GEM (2020 b) report on affects of COVID19 pandemic on entrepreneurship [promotion] policy, long-term survival rate even of established Chilean enterprises is “not favourable” (p. 51).

Tourism entrepreneurs (TEs) operating in the natural disaster ridden international tourist destin... more Tourism entrepreneurs (TEs) operating in the natural disaster ridden international tourist destinations (TDs) located in an emerging economy, oftentimes, experience business disruptions as a place-based affair. TEs just as other TD stakeholders are embedded in a relatively inflexible spatial, temporal, sociocultural and socioeconomic context which constitute a place. This makes it cumbersome for TEs to define a universally applicable set of guidelines which should guide their response to an ND-induced business disruption. The TEs must adapt a highly complex abstraction patterns to produce strategies which make them prepared for almost everything. The success of emerging international Tourist Destinations (TDs) depends largely on the ability of the stakeholders to collaborate in every day and emergency situations (Johannisson & Olaison, 2007; Olaison, 2014). The individual and organizational scales constantly interact and intersect looking to solve problems affecting tourism entrepreneurs individually or collectively as a TD. We find emergency situations often described as disasters which are further divided into man-made and natural. The Natural Disasters (NDs) translate into business, community and market crises in TDs. This research is concerned with the relationships between factors contributing simultaneously on both small business and destination scales, and specifically the TEs' actions and strategies deployed in the context of an emerging international TD. Lack of knowledge about business models or road maps which draw on TE perspective to propose ways to deal with ND-based business disruptions is the problem tackled by this research proposal. A more nuanced and actionable knowledge is required to develop intertwined individual-sectorial risk management strategies and policies whereby Tourism Entrepreneurs' and Tourist Destination practices align and converge into tools actionable on both individual and collective scales. This research is informed by the Practice Theory which from a business studies point of view provides us with the concepts to consider before entering the field. Paraphrasing Runyan (2006), the elements of business model for the entrepreneurs seeking to " stay in the game " after a natural disaster onset, are the practices and attributes of small business owners which help them prepare for, respond to and recover from a natural disaster induced business disruption. Taken together, the ability and capacity to overcome ambiguity and shock of low probability but high consequence event directly or indirectly affecting the TD where the TE does most of its business, is what characterizes a resilient TE (loosely based on Runyan, 2006). Further, this research proposal is based on Grounded Theory as methodological approach (Locke, 2001). It is so, because the following sections show that there are empirical and theoretical gaps which signal the need for exploratory research with open and evolving strategy. In this research proposal, Tourism Entrepreneur resilience is understood as a desired dynamic condition of a business functioning within a defined territory and/or business sector, i.e. Tourist Destination and Tourism, and which is determined by the ability and capacity of the entrepreneur to adapt and change in the long run before and after a ND, and act to mitigate negative effects by resolving problems related to a ND event that disrupts normal operation of the business or the

Playbook Docentes Emprendimiento Sostenible, 2022

Este eBook se enfoca en la experiencia docente desde el punto de vista del privilegio de una acad... more Este eBook se enfoca en la experiencia docente desde el punto de vista del privilegio de una académica de raza blanca quien hace clases a la audiencia de las y los estudiantes indígenas y mestizos en un socioecosistema vulnerable, la región de La Araucanía, Chile. La innovación fue dirigida hacia el accionar docente buscando identificar comportamientos que reproducen la colonización, y luego sugerir acciones docentes para avanzar en descolonizar el comportamiento docente en aula convencional y/o virtual aplicando el Paradigma Relacional al contenido y metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

Technology-mediated Decolonizing Teaching-learning of Sustainable Entrepreneurship

With UNESCO (2020), UNDP (2020) and OAS (Muñoz-Pagossian & Barrantes, eds., 2016) calling for div... more With UNESCO (2020), UNDP (2020) and OAS (Muñoz-Pagossian & Barrantes, eds., 2016) calling for diversity and inclusion in all our efforts directed at achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and fulfilling 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the colonial legacy in Business and Entrepreneurship is the main obstacle for effective and representative inclusion of diversity and pluralities in higher education institutions. However, entrepreneurship education for all is still being pieced together by universities across Latin America, a region which boasts diverse indigenous, settler and mixed populations. This article describes design process for setting up decolonizing teaching-learning of Sustainable Entrepreneurship at the Universidad de La Frontera (UFRO), in Chile, a model that might be of use to other higher education organizations in the Global South.

Book Chapter

The lifestyle migration is a socio-cultural and spatial phenomenon that as of recently is of part... more The lifestyle migration is a socio-cultural and spatial phenomenon that as of recently is of particular relevance in mountain and lake regions of southern Chile. This chapter reveals that the discourse phenomenon is a central element in the construction of reality and place, and thus focuses on examining how migrants’ narratives shape the imaginary of a place, frame the daily practices and create life projects. By applying the method of “Critical and Complex Discourse Analysis” (ACCD, in Spanish), we offer a reading of the various utopian visions from which the dreams and aspirations of new inhabitants of southern Chile emerge.

Book Chapter

The Mountain and Lake Areas on the Chilean side of Patagonia are receptors of a vast array of lif... more The Mountain and Lake Areas on the Chilean side of Patagonia are receptors of a vast array of lifestyle migrants. To capture the capacity of those who we have label as “Utopian Lifestyle Migrants” (ULMs) to transform the socio-cultural scenario we have analysed the data collected through in-depth interviews and participant observations conducted with the migrants who have recently settled in the Area of Pucón-Curarrehue, tourist destinations located in the northern Patagonia region. We argue that the routine practices shaping their daily lives are constantly re-enacting the set of rules defining the structural scenario and advancing new ways of living “in and out” of the contemporary society.

Resilience is necessary though insufficient for sustainable development (inspired by Espiner et a... more Resilience is necessary though insufficient for sustainable development (inspired by Espiner et al., 2017). "Like any social activity, like any practice, everyday life actually is a flow of disturbances" (Johannisson, 2011, p. 137). So, how to improve resilience for better entrepreneuring through[out] a "storm", meaning disturbance induced by disasters? (inspired by Olaison, 2014) Entrepreneurship Experts of La Araucanía who responded regional GEM NES surveys in 2019 & 2020, provided data for this "ABC" for the regional entrepreneuring socioecosystems to be/come more resilient & sustainable.

Multi-scale model to improve resilience of MSMEs and local communities to disasters, in ESP, 2021

En Chile, las micro-, pequeñas y medianas empresas-MiPyMEs-se encuentran constantemente expuestas... more En Chile, las micro-, pequeñas y medianas empresas-MiPyMEs-se encuentran constantemente expuestas a desastres de origen antrópico, es decir, humano y natural, tales como, terremotos, erupciones volcánicas, incendios forestales, aluviones, fenómenos climáticos extremos, la pandemia de la COVID-19, el estallido social, entre otros.
Por ello, nos apasiona apoyar a las emprendedoras y los emprendedores, y a las personas propietarias-gestoras de las MiPyMEs de La Araucanía, a través de la co-creación del conocimiento para la toma de decisiones en el contexto de desastres y crisis. Con esto queremos ayudar a las 47mil MiPyMEs que se reportan activas en la pandemia en la región de La Araucanía.