Selma Kurra | Istanbul Technical University (original) (raw)

Papers by Selma Kurra

Research paper thumbnail of Guidelines for Reporting Core Information from Community Noise Reaction Surveys

Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Standardized General-Purpose Noise Reaction Questions for Community Noise Surveys: Research and a Recommendation

Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Educational Problems in Acoustics Implemented in Architecture and Environmental Planning

Research paper thumbnail of Transportation Noise Annoyance—A Simulated-Environment Study for Road, Railway and Aircraft Noises, Part 1: Overall Annoyance

Journal of Sound and Vibration, Feb 1, 1999

This paper presents a simulated-environment study to determine the effects of noise level and sou... more This paper presents a simulated-environment study to determine the effects of noise level and source type on annoyance responses to different transportation noises. Noise sources used in the study were; road, railway and aircraft traffic whose noise levels varied between 30-55 dB(A) in L eq (indoor). Pass-by number for railway and aircraft traffic had values of 8, 12 and 16 per 30 min, while road traffic was continuous during this period. 64 subjects attending three different sessions of 30 min each, filled in a special questionnaire during the experiments. At each session, the subjects performed two different activities (reading and listening) and thus in addition to the overall annoyance, the activity disturbance was investigated. The total of 192 answers were analyzed as individual values, group average scores and highly annoyed subjects (HA%). The overall annoyance in both group average scores (giving the best correlation with noise level) and individual scores, are presented in this first of the two companion papers. The noise and annoyance relationships determined for each source revealed very strong dependence on noise levels and the regression lines displayed a steeper increase in comparison with the previous results. The significance of the source-type effect on annoyance was found at the levels of 0•03 and 0•02 for the overall annoyance question (P Q 0•05). However since this effect was significant only for half of the different questions asked, it can be said that the source type is not a highly deterministic factor while the respondents are concentrating on daily work at home. Railway noise appeared to be the most prominent noise source in the overall annoyance, especially at moderate and low noise levels. The results supported the view that L eq = 45 dB(A) is an indoor noise limit indicating a crossover between the source-specific annoyance lines. The activity disturbance will be elaborated in Part 2.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Noise and Management

Environmental Noise and Management, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Interaction between annoyance, indoor noise levels and acoustic classification of buildings

INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings

Assessment of annoyance "at home" from environmental noises has been widely investigate... more Assessment of annoyance "at home" from environmental noises has been widely investigated so far and the ISO/TS 15666:2021 was developed to lead the socio-acoustic surveys. On the other hand, the rating of buildings' acoustical performance considering also the indoor noises, has been also well concerned in building acoustics and the studies have ended up with the ISO/TS 19488:2021 covering the acoustic classification system for buildings. Basically the rating system needs to be supported by the subjective tests in the field or in laboratories, to acquire data about the annoyance/disturbance or satisfaction of residents. If the target is to design the healthy, comfortable and sustainable acoustical environment, both technical standards might be harmonized in the future. In this paper, based on the dose/response relationships with respect to the indoor noise levels, an approach is proposed to translate the acoustic classes proposed in ISO/TS 19488, into the annoyance boun...

Research paper thumbnail of Sound insulation design by using noise maps

Building and Environment, 2012

The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for ... more The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for the agglomerations along major transportation routes and major industrial premises. Environmental engineers, town planners and architects are involved in preparation of action plans in which sound insulation of buildings are to be considered. This article describes a model to determine the required insulation performances for buildings' external elements by using strategic noise maps. The model employs certain categorization for buildings in relation to indoor noise criteria and for insulation values to be assigned on building facades. A calculation procedure is integrated with the outputs of a noise mapping software to obtain the required noise reduction indexes in terms of both spectral values and the single-number ratings, i.e. "weightedstandardized level differences". Calculated results are displayed graphically to be able to observe variation of insulation requirement throughout the surface exposed to noise source. Insulation map as a visual tool can facilitate building noise control and can be utilized in preparation of building specifications prior to construction phase and in developing the insulation codes by local administrations. Implementation of the model for two sample buildings located at different environments are explained in the article.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the models predicting sound insulation values of multilayered building elements

Applied Acoustics, 2012

Calculation of sound transmission losses through multilayered structures that are used both in in... more Calculation of sound transmission losses through multilayered structures that are used both in industry and in buildings, has been dealt with extensively and several models have been developed so far. The three models introduced in this paper are Insul SW based on the Sharp model with some modifications, Acousys SW using the transfer matrix and the windowing technique and FMulay SW based on the improved impedance model. Aiming to investigate the differences between these models in this study, the calculations were performed for numbers of sample building elements composed of various materials and constructions. Statistical analysis of the results in both R w (C; C tr) and 1/3 octave bands, indicate that the last two models are better correlated with each other and the differences at high frequencies are larger for all the models. When the calculated data was also compared with the earlier experimental data published before, the Insul model yields in slightly better compatibility with the experimental results, however the correlation coefficients are rather high for all the models. In this study, a confirmation of FMulay developed by the author, has been fulfilled because of the agreeable relationships with the other models and especially with the measured data. This study has evidenced that the model can be successfully implemented for further parametric studies as planned for optimum insulation design.

Research paper thumbnail of Variation of Sound Transmission Loss of Double Walls with Flow Resistivity of Porous Materials

Flow resistivity of porous materials which is relative to fiber diameter, bulk density and porosi... more Flow resistivity of porous materials which is relative to fiber diameter, bulk density and porosity has been previously evidenced to have an increasing effect on sound transmission loss of double walls, e.g. above 5000 N.s/m 4 for the gypsum wall constructions. In this paper, this effect was verified by using the computerized model based on the impedance approach for infinite elements in diffuse field. The numerical implementation was made for various double and triple layer configurations made of common building materials, such as concrete, brick, gypsum, steel, aluminum, glass etc. It was found that the sound transmission loss of double walls, increased about 4 dB per doubling of the flow resistivity up to a limit value (which is 10000 N.s/m 4 for gypsum boards) depending on the material type. The factor was statistically significant at 1250-6300 Hz region where the critical frequency of at least one layer was remained. The narrow band analysis revealed that the effect was emphasi...

Research paper thumbnail of Ses yalıtımının değerlendirilmesine ilişkin ulusal ve eu destekli araştırma projeleri–sonuçların uygulanabilirliği

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic Performance Assessment of Residen- Tial Buildings – a Measurement and Survey Study

The "Noise Protection and Sound Insulation in Buildings" regulation issued by the Turki... more The "Noise Protection and Sound Insulation in Buildings" regulation issued by the Turkish Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, aims to organize the requirements and enforcements for noise control in buildings. This regulation introduces a performance classification scheme for residential buildings that ranges from A to F similar to that is proposed in the draft standard ISO-CD19488. Acoustical performance class is assigned based on six acoustical performance parameters: airborne and impact sound insulation, façade sound insulation, indoor background noise levels, mechanical noise levels and reverberation time. Aiming to confirm the applicability of the limit values and the classification system, a case study was performed by selecting three sample buildings. Airborne and impact sound insulation of building elements, reverberation time and indoor noise levels were measured starting from 100 Hz and 50 Hz and the results were compared with the regulatory requirements. Si...

Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Sound Transmission Loss of Multilayered Elements Part 2: An experimental study

Acta Acustica united with Acustica

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of An experimental study for multilayered building elements with a sub‐study on the effect of finite‐size test specimens

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2001

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of A computer model for predicting sound attenuation by barrier-buildings

Applied Acoustics, 1980

This paper describes a computer technique involving a procedure for finding the performance value... more This paper describes a computer technique involving a procedure for finding the performance values within the shadow zone of a barrier-building of rectangular crosssection used as a point source. Reflections from the ground are also taken into account and a control operation is designed for different source and receiver locations related to the building. Consideration is given to the combined effects of wide barriers and finite size screens. The results are confirmed by several experimental measurements carried out in an anechoic room. Some examples of the application of the technique are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a Hybrid Model for Prediction of Sound Insulation of Finite-Size Multilayered Building Elements

In building acoustics, it is necessary to have a reliable prediction model to obtain the sound tr... more In building acoustics, it is necessary to have a reliable prediction model to obtain the sound transmission loss of layered structures especially for the building facades exposed to noise. Traditional models are not very much applicable in most of the cases, since the building elements are multilayered structures comprised of different layer combinations with various physical characteristics, such as solid homogenous layers, porous or foamed material, elastic damping layers, etc. The previous model that has been developed by integrating the impedance approach for infinite-size layered systems and the windowing technique for finite-size elements, was computerized as a time efficient program. The predicted results were confirmed by the laboratory experiments as satisfactory for use in insulation practice for acquiring the 1/3 octave band sound transmission losses as well as the rating values; Rw(C; Ctr). This paper describes the model briefly and refers to some implementations in sear...

Research paper thumbnail of Traffic noise analysis and a model standard for Trans-European Motorways (TEM)

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1985

are now emerging. A standard for use with high intensity impulsive noises is under development in... more are now emerging. A standard for use with high intensity impulsive noises is under development in S 12. The evolution of these standards and their uses by regulatory agencies are discussed in this paper. 10:20 A4. Standards and test codes for individual noise sources. Peter K. Baade (Consultant for Noise and Vibration Control, 171 Brookside Lane, Fayetteville, NY 13066) Meaningful noise measurements require more than the precise measurement of the sound level at some point in space at a particular instant of time. The additional considerations which apply to measurements of the noise emission of individual stationary sources fall into two categories: (1) Installation and operation of the source so that its noise emission is relevant to the purpose of the test. (2) Acquisition and processing of sufficient data to extract the information desired. The first category is the responsibility of industry-specific sound test codes. Such test codes need not go into any detail concerning the acoustical measurements since these are covered by a coordinated set of ANSI Standards for which the Acoustical Society of America is responsible. The present paper provides an overview of the relevant ANSI Standards (and their ISO counterparts) in order to help the writers of a sound test code determine which part of the set is most appropriate for the particular type of source to be tested. The proper selection of a descriptor and other provisions of ANSI Standard S 12.1-1983 will also be discussed. 10:45 AS. How to use noise standards and what new standards are needed. William W. Lang (

Research paper thumbnail of Rating criteria for facade insulation against transportation noise sources

Applied Acoustics, 1993

Designers need sufficient knowledge about insulation characteristics for buildings to be construc... more Designers need sufficient knowledge about insulation characteristics for buildings to be constructed in areas subjected to transportation noises. Existing standards for facades do not seem to be satisfactory in taking into account the type of source, and, at present, there is no international standard for this purpose. In this paper, the effective factors in proposing insulation standard for facades are analysed and the previous literature regarding insulation studies and insulation criteria are briefly reviewed. A set of rating curves which can be implemented in various situations are introduced in order to determine the minimum required noise reduction for facades exposed to three types of transportation noises, such as road, railway and aircraft noises. The input data are simply the most available factors in design: (1) type of source, (2) noise level at the facade in Leq, dB(A), (3) function of rooms behind the facade. The charts have been prepared by using typical source spectra measured in the field and the indoor noise criteria proposed by Beranek (NCB), so as to give the required insulation values both in terms of frequency dependent transmission loss and the single number weighting (Rw). An analytical expression is also given based on a regression analysis for the above parameters as independent factors. A comparison is made between the National Standard Curve recommended in Belgium Legislations and the proposed rating curves, yielding higher insulation values depending on the sound frequency and source type.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Noise and Management

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of site geometry on noise control investigated by a scalemodel experiment

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, May 1, 1987

tural-intensity transducers. In addition, the investigation points out the care which must be tak... more tural-intensity transducers. In addition, the investigation points out the care which must be taken to make valid structural-intensity measurements. [ Work supported by NASA Langley Research Center. ] 10:15 PP6. Reduction of wind noise using correlation in outdoor acoustical measurements. John Brunner, Richard Raspet, and Paul Schomer (U.

Research paper thumbnail of Sound insulation design by using noise maps

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for ... more The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for the agglomerations along major transportation routes and major industrial premises. Environmental engineers, town planners and architects are involved in preparation of action plans in which sound insulation of buildings are to be considered. This article describes a model to determine the required insulation performances for buildings’ external elements by using strategic noise maps. The model employs certain categorization for buildings in relation to indoor noise criteria and for insulation values to be assigned on building facades. A calculation procedure is integrated with the outputs of a noise mapping software to obtain the required noise reduction indexes in terms of both spectral values and the single-number ratings, i.e. “weighted- standardized level differences”. Calculated results are displayed graphically to be able to observe variation of insulation requirement throughout t...

Research paper thumbnail of Guidelines for Reporting Core Information from Community Noise Reaction Surveys

Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Standardized General-Purpose Noise Reaction Questions for Community Noise Surveys: Research and a Recommendation

Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Educational Problems in Acoustics Implemented in Architecture and Environmental Planning

Research paper thumbnail of Transportation Noise Annoyance—A Simulated-Environment Study for Road, Railway and Aircraft Noises, Part 1: Overall Annoyance

Journal of Sound and Vibration, Feb 1, 1999

This paper presents a simulated-environment study to determine the effects of noise level and sou... more This paper presents a simulated-environment study to determine the effects of noise level and source type on annoyance responses to different transportation noises. Noise sources used in the study were; road, railway and aircraft traffic whose noise levels varied between 30-55 dB(A) in L eq (indoor). Pass-by number for railway and aircraft traffic had values of 8, 12 and 16 per 30 min, while road traffic was continuous during this period. 64 subjects attending three different sessions of 30 min each, filled in a special questionnaire during the experiments. At each session, the subjects performed two different activities (reading and listening) and thus in addition to the overall annoyance, the activity disturbance was investigated. The total of 192 answers were analyzed as individual values, group average scores and highly annoyed subjects (HA%). The overall annoyance in both group average scores (giving the best correlation with noise level) and individual scores, are presented in this first of the two companion papers. The noise and annoyance relationships determined for each source revealed very strong dependence on noise levels and the regression lines displayed a steeper increase in comparison with the previous results. The significance of the source-type effect on annoyance was found at the levels of 0•03 and 0•02 for the overall annoyance question (P Q 0•05). However since this effect was significant only for half of the different questions asked, it can be said that the source type is not a highly deterministic factor while the respondents are concentrating on daily work at home. Railway noise appeared to be the most prominent noise source in the overall annoyance, especially at moderate and low noise levels. The results supported the view that L eq = 45 dB(A) is an indoor noise limit indicating a crossover between the source-specific annoyance lines. The activity disturbance will be elaborated in Part 2.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Noise and Management

Environmental Noise and Management, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Interaction between annoyance, indoor noise levels and acoustic classification of buildings

INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings

Assessment of annoyance "at home" from environmental noises has been widely investigate... more Assessment of annoyance "at home" from environmental noises has been widely investigated so far and the ISO/TS 15666:2021 was developed to lead the socio-acoustic surveys. On the other hand, the rating of buildings' acoustical performance considering also the indoor noises, has been also well concerned in building acoustics and the studies have ended up with the ISO/TS 19488:2021 covering the acoustic classification system for buildings. Basically the rating system needs to be supported by the subjective tests in the field or in laboratories, to acquire data about the annoyance/disturbance or satisfaction of residents. If the target is to design the healthy, comfortable and sustainable acoustical environment, both technical standards might be harmonized in the future. In this paper, based on the dose/response relationships with respect to the indoor noise levels, an approach is proposed to translate the acoustic classes proposed in ISO/TS 19488, into the annoyance boun...

Research paper thumbnail of Sound insulation design by using noise maps

Building and Environment, 2012

The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for ... more The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for the agglomerations along major transportation routes and major industrial premises. Environmental engineers, town planners and architects are involved in preparation of action plans in which sound insulation of buildings are to be considered. This article describes a model to determine the required insulation performances for buildings' external elements by using strategic noise maps. The model employs certain categorization for buildings in relation to indoor noise criteria and for insulation values to be assigned on building facades. A calculation procedure is integrated with the outputs of a noise mapping software to obtain the required noise reduction indexes in terms of both spectral values and the single-number ratings, i.e. "weightedstandardized level differences". Calculated results are displayed graphically to be able to observe variation of insulation requirement throughout the surface exposed to noise source. Insulation map as a visual tool can facilitate building noise control and can be utilized in preparation of building specifications prior to construction phase and in developing the insulation codes by local administrations. Implementation of the model for two sample buildings located at different environments are explained in the article.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the models predicting sound insulation values of multilayered building elements

Applied Acoustics, 2012

Calculation of sound transmission losses through multilayered structures that are used both in in... more Calculation of sound transmission losses through multilayered structures that are used both in industry and in buildings, has been dealt with extensively and several models have been developed so far. The three models introduced in this paper are Insul SW based on the Sharp model with some modifications, Acousys SW using the transfer matrix and the windowing technique and FMulay SW based on the improved impedance model. Aiming to investigate the differences between these models in this study, the calculations were performed for numbers of sample building elements composed of various materials and constructions. Statistical analysis of the results in both R w (C; C tr) and 1/3 octave bands, indicate that the last two models are better correlated with each other and the differences at high frequencies are larger for all the models. When the calculated data was also compared with the earlier experimental data published before, the Insul model yields in slightly better compatibility with the experimental results, however the correlation coefficients are rather high for all the models. In this study, a confirmation of FMulay developed by the author, has been fulfilled because of the agreeable relationships with the other models and especially with the measured data. This study has evidenced that the model can be successfully implemented for further parametric studies as planned for optimum insulation design.

Research paper thumbnail of Variation of Sound Transmission Loss of Double Walls with Flow Resistivity of Porous Materials

Flow resistivity of porous materials which is relative to fiber diameter, bulk density and porosi... more Flow resistivity of porous materials which is relative to fiber diameter, bulk density and porosity has been previously evidenced to have an increasing effect on sound transmission loss of double walls, e.g. above 5000 N.s/m 4 for the gypsum wall constructions. In this paper, this effect was verified by using the computerized model based on the impedance approach for infinite elements in diffuse field. The numerical implementation was made for various double and triple layer configurations made of common building materials, such as concrete, brick, gypsum, steel, aluminum, glass etc. It was found that the sound transmission loss of double walls, increased about 4 dB per doubling of the flow resistivity up to a limit value (which is 10000 N.s/m 4 for gypsum boards) depending on the material type. The factor was statistically significant at 1250-6300 Hz region where the critical frequency of at least one layer was remained. The narrow band analysis revealed that the effect was emphasi...

Research paper thumbnail of Ses yalıtımının değerlendirilmesine ilişkin ulusal ve eu destekli araştırma projeleri–sonuçların uygulanabilirliği

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic Performance Assessment of Residen- Tial Buildings – a Measurement and Survey Study

The "Noise Protection and Sound Insulation in Buildings" regulation issued by the Turki... more The "Noise Protection and Sound Insulation in Buildings" regulation issued by the Turkish Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, aims to organize the requirements and enforcements for noise control in buildings. This regulation introduces a performance classification scheme for residential buildings that ranges from A to F similar to that is proposed in the draft standard ISO-CD19488. Acoustical performance class is assigned based on six acoustical performance parameters: airborne and impact sound insulation, façade sound insulation, indoor background noise levels, mechanical noise levels and reverberation time. Aiming to confirm the applicability of the limit values and the classification system, a case study was performed by selecting three sample buildings. Airborne and impact sound insulation of building elements, reverberation time and indoor noise levels were measured starting from 100 Hz and 50 Hz and the results were compared with the regulatory requirements. Si...

Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Sound Transmission Loss of Multilayered Elements Part 2: An experimental study

Acta Acustica united with Acustica

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of An experimental study for multilayered building elements with a sub‐study on the effect of finite‐size test specimens

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2001

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of A computer model for predicting sound attenuation by barrier-buildings

Applied Acoustics, 1980

This paper describes a computer technique involving a procedure for finding the performance value... more This paper describes a computer technique involving a procedure for finding the performance values within the shadow zone of a barrier-building of rectangular crosssection used as a point source. Reflections from the ground are also taken into account and a control operation is designed for different source and receiver locations related to the building. Consideration is given to the combined effects of wide barriers and finite size screens. The results are confirmed by several experimental measurements carried out in an anechoic room. Some examples of the application of the technique are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a Hybrid Model for Prediction of Sound Insulation of Finite-Size Multilayered Building Elements

In building acoustics, it is necessary to have a reliable prediction model to obtain the sound tr... more In building acoustics, it is necessary to have a reliable prediction model to obtain the sound transmission loss of layered structures especially for the building facades exposed to noise. Traditional models are not very much applicable in most of the cases, since the building elements are multilayered structures comprised of different layer combinations with various physical characteristics, such as solid homogenous layers, porous or foamed material, elastic damping layers, etc. The previous model that has been developed by integrating the impedance approach for infinite-size layered systems and the windowing technique for finite-size elements, was computerized as a time efficient program. The predicted results were confirmed by the laboratory experiments as satisfactory for use in insulation practice for acquiring the 1/3 octave band sound transmission losses as well as the rating values; Rw(C; Ctr). This paper describes the model briefly and refers to some implementations in sear...

Research paper thumbnail of Traffic noise analysis and a model standard for Trans-European Motorways (TEM)

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1985

are now emerging. A standard for use with high intensity impulsive noises is under development in... more are now emerging. A standard for use with high intensity impulsive noises is under development in S 12. The evolution of these standards and their uses by regulatory agencies are discussed in this paper. 10:20 A4. Standards and test codes for individual noise sources. Peter K. Baade (Consultant for Noise and Vibration Control, 171 Brookside Lane, Fayetteville, NY 13066) Meaningful noise measurements require more than the precise measurement of the sound level at some point in space at a particular instant of time. The additional considerations which apply to measurements of the noise emission of individual stationary sources fall into two categories: (1) Installation and operation of the source so that its noise emission is relevant to the purpose of the test. (2) Acquisition and processing of sufficient data to extract the information desired. The first category is the responsibility of industry-specific sound test codes. Such test codes need not go into any detail concerning the acoustical measurements since these are covered by a coordinated set of ANSI Standards for which the Acoustical Society of America is responsible. The present paper provides an overview of the relevant ANSI Standards (and their ISO counterparts) in order to help the writers of a sound test code determine which part of the set is most appropriate for the particular type of source to be tested. The proper selection of a descriptor and other provisions of ANSI Standard S 12.1-1983 will also be discussed. 10:45 AS. How to use noise standards and what new standards are needed. William W. Lang (

Research paper thumbnail of Rating criteria for facade insulation against transportation noise sources

Applied Acoustics, 1993

Designers need sufficient knowledge about insulation characteristics for buildings to be construc... more Designers need sufficient knowledge about insulation characteristics for buildings to be constructed in areas subjected to transportation noises. Existing standards for facades do not seem to be satisfactory in taking into account the type of source, and, at present, there is no international standard for this purpose. In this paper, the effective factors in proposing insulation standard for facades are analysed and the previous literature regarding insulation studies and insulation criteria are briefly reviewed. A set of rating curves which can be implemented in various situations are introduced in order to determine the minimum required noise reduction for facades exposed to three types of transportation noises, such as road, railway and aircraft noises. The input data are simply the most available factors in design: (1) type of source, (2) noise level at the facade in Leq, dB(A), (3) function of rooms behind the facade. The charts have been prepared by using typical source spectra measured in the field and the indoor noise criteria proposed by Beranek (NCB), so as to give the required insulation values both in terms of frequency dependent transmission loss and the single number weighting (Rw). An analytical expression is also given based on a regression analysis for the above parameters as independent factors. A comparison is made between the National Standard Curve recommended in Belgium Legislations and the proposed rating curves, yielding higher insulation values depending on the sound frequency and source type.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Noise and Management

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of site geometry on noise control investigated by a scalemodel experiment

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, May 1, 1987

tural-intensity transducers. In addition, the investigation points out the care which must be tak... more tural-intensity transducers. In addition, the investigation points out the care which must be taken to make valid structural-intensity measurements. [ Work supported by NASA Langley Research Center. ] 10:15 PP6. Reduction of wind noise using correlation in outdoor acoustical measurements. John Brunner, Richard Raspet, and Paul Schomer (U.

Research paper thumbnail of Sound insulation design by using noise maps

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for ... more The EU Directive 49 urges countries to prepare the strategic noise maps and the action plans for the agglomerations along major transportation routes and major industrial premises. Environmental engineers, town planners and architects are involved in preparation of action plans in which sound insulation of buildings are to be considered. This article describes a model to determine the required insulation performances for buildings’ external elements by using strategic noise maps. The model employs certain categorization for buildings in relation to indoor noise criteria and for insulation values to be assigned on building facades. A calculation procedure is integrated with the outputs of a noise mapping software to obtain the required noise reduction indexes in terms of both spectral values and the single-number ratings, i.e. “weighted- standardized level differences”. Calculated results are displayed graphically to be able to observe variation of insulation requirement throughout t...