elna P Chalisserry | Jazan University (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by elna P Chalisserry

Research paper thumbnail of Romidepsin Promotes Osteogenic and Adipocytic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Inhibition of Histondeacetylase Activity

Stem cells international, 2018

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that can differentiat... more Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into mesodermal lineage cells, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing the lineage-specific commitment of BMSCs into adipocytes or osteoblasts are under investigation. Herein, we investigated the epigenetic effect of romidepsin, a small molecule dual inhibitor targeting HDAC1 and HDAC2 identified through an epigenetic library functional screen. BMSCs exposed to romidepsin (5 nM) exhibited enhanced adipocytic and osteoblastic differentiation. Global gene expression and signaling pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a strong enrichment of genes involved in adipogenesis and osteogenesis in romidepsin-treated BMSCs during induction into adipocytes or osteoblasts, respectively. Pharmacological inhibition of FAK signaling during adipogenesis or inhibition of FAK or TGF signaling during osteogenesis diminished the biological ef...

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced efficacy of 5-fluorouracil in combination with a dual histone deacetylase and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase inhibitor (CUDC-907) in colorectal cancer cells

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of CUDC-907 Promotes Bone Marrow Adipocytic Differentiation Through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase and Regulation of Cell Cycle

Stem Cells and Development, 2017

The role of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) in overall energy metabolism and their effects on bone ... more The role of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) in overall energy metabolism and their effects on bone mass are currently areas of intensive investigation. BMAs differentiate from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs); however, the molecular mechanisms regulating BMA differentiation are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of CUDC-907, identified by screening an epigenetic small-molecule library, on adipocytic differentiation of human BMSCs (hBMSCs) and determined its molecular mechanism of action. Human bone marrow stromal cells exposed to CUDC-907 (500 nM) exhibited enhanced adipocytic differentiation (∼2.9-fold increase, P < 0.005) compared with that of control cells. Global gene expression and signaling pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a strong enrichment of genes involved in adipogenesis, cell cycle, and DNA replication. Chromatin immune precipitation combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed significant increase in H3K9ac epigenetic marker in the promoter regions of AdipoQ, FABP4, PPARγ, KLF15, and CEBPA in CUDC-907-treated hBMSCs. Follow-up experiments corroborated that the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity enhanced adipocytic differentiation, while the inhibition of PI3K decreased adipocytic differentiation. In addition, CUDC-907 arrested hBMSCs in the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle and reduced the number of S-phase cells. Our data reveal that HDAC, PI3K, and cell cycle genes are important regulators of BMA formation and demonstrate that adipocyte differentiation of hBMSCs is associated with complex changes in a number of epigenetic and genetic pathways, which can be targeted to regulate BMA formation.

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation and Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite from Salmon Fish Bone

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of chlorhexidine mouth rinse on the bond strength of polycarbonate orthodontic brackets

The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2014

The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (C... more The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse, before bonding, on shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with composite adhesive. Eighteen orthodontic patients with a mean age 21.41 ± 1.2 years, who were scheduled to have 2 or more first premolars extracted, were included in this study. Patients were referred for an oral prophylaxis program which included, in part, the use of a mouth rinse. Patients were divided into 2 groups, a test group of 9 patients who used 0.12% CHX gluconate mouth rinse twice daily and a control group of 9 patients who used a mouth rinse without CHX, but with same color. After 1 week, polycarbonate brackets were bonded to first premolars with Transbond XT composite adhesive. Premolars were extracted after 28 days and tested for shear bond strength on a universal testing machine. Student's t-test was used to compare shear bond strengths of both groups. No statistically signifi...

Research paper thumbnail of Drug Delivery Systems in Bone Regeneration and Implant Dentistry

Current Concepts in Dental Implantology, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Hepatocyte growth factor levels in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in smokers with periodontitis

Disease markers, 2014

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules th... more Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules that are induced during inflammatory conditions including periodontitis. HGF plays an important role in the progression of periodontitis, by stimulating intense growth of epithelial cells and preventing regeneration of connective tissue attachments. Smokers have a greater risk factor in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. The objective of the study was to estimate the level of HGF in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers with periodontitis and to compare these levels with that of nonsmokers with periodontitis and healthy controls. The HGF levels were found to be significantly high in the saliva and GCF of smokers with periodontitis compared to both never-smokers with periodontitis and the healthy control group. The elevated levels of HGF in the saliva and GCF in the study population could explain the intrinsic mechanism triggering the severity of the pe...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Alginate-Chitosan-Collagen Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering

In the recent times, significant development has been achieved in the tissue engineering field us... more In the recent times, significant development has been achieved in the tissue engineering field using alginate and chitosan. Moreover, hydrogels of these successful macromolecules contribute enormously towards the development of novel biomedical materials. The present paper depicts the preparation and analysis of different kinds of hydrogels using the combination of alginate, chitosan, chitooligosacchrides and collagen (alginate-chitosan-cos-collagen), and also tested in vitro study with human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells for considering these composites as skin tissue substitute. Furthermore, the prepared hydrogels are chemically characterized, where the total porosity of the scaffold is found to be >90% with 33–500 m of pore size. The newly developed scaffolds though freeze-drying method showed excellent biocompatibility, cell adhesion and proliferation with HaCaT cells. Addition of collagen, alginate with chitosan hydrogel further improved the biocompatible nature that mimics the functional environment of skin.

Research paper thumbnail of Oral Health and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Research paper thumbnail of Romidepsin Promotes Osteogenic and Adipocytic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Inhibition of Histondeacetylase Activity

Stem cells international, 2018

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that can differentiat... more Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into mesodermal lineage cells, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing the lineage-specific commitment of BMSCs into adipocytes or osteoblasts are under investigation. Herein, we investigated the epigenetic effect of romidepsin, a small molecule dual inhibitor targeting HDAC1 and HDAC2 identified through an epigenetic library functional screen. BMSCs exposed to romidepsin (5 nM) exhibited enhanced adipocytic and osteoblastic differentiation. Global gene expression and signaling pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a strong enrichment of genes involved in adipogenesis and osteogenesis in romidepsin-treated BMSCs during induction into adipocytes or osteoblasts, respectively. Pharmacological inhibition of FAK signaling during adipogenesis or inhibition of FAK or TGF signaling during osteogenesis diminished the biological ef...

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced efficacy of 5-fluorouracil in combination with a dual histone deacetylase and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase inhibitor (CUDC-907) in colorectal cancer cells

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of CUDC-907 Promotes Bone Marrow Adipocytic Differentiation Through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase and Regulation of Cell Cycle

Stem Cells and Development, 2017

The role of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) in overall energy metabolism and their effects on bone ... more The role of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) in overall energy metabolism and their effects on bone mass are currently areas of intensive investigation. BMAs differentiate from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs); however, the molecular mechanisms regulating BMA differentiation are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of CUDC-907, identified by screening an epigenetic small-molecule library, on adipocytic differentiation of human BMSCs (hBMSCs) and determined its molecular mechanism of action. Human bone marrow stromal cells exposed to CUDC-907 (500 nM) exhibited enhanced adipocytic differentiation (∼2.9-fold increase, P < 0.005) compared with that of control cells. Global gene expression and signaling pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a strong enrichment of genes involved in adipogenesis, cell cycle, and DNA replication. Chromatin immune precipitation combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed significant increase in H3K9ac epigenetic marker in the promoter regions of AdipoQ, FABP4, PPARγ, KLF15, and CEBPA in CUDC-907-treated hBMSCs. Follow-up experiments corroborated that the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity enhanced adipocytic differentiation, while the inhibition of PI3K decreased adipocytic differentiation. In addition, CUDC-907 arrested hBMSCs in the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle and reduced the number of S-phase cells. Our data reveal that HDAC, PI3K, and cell cycle genes are important regulators of BMA formation and demonstrate that adipocyte differentiation of hBMSCs is associated with complex changes in a number of epigenetic and genetic pathways, which can be targeted to regulate BMA formation.

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation and Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite from Salmon Fish Bone

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of chlorhexidine mouth rinse on the bond strength of polycarbonate orthodontic brackets

The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2014

The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (C... more The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse, before bonding, on shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with composite adhesive. Eighteen orthodontic patients with a mean age 21.41 ± 1.2 years, who were scheduled to have 2 or more first premolars extracted, were included in this study. Patients were referred for an oral prophylaxis program which included, in part, the use of a mouth rinse. Patients were divided into 2 groups, a test group of 9 patients who used 0.12% CHX gluconate mouth rinse twice daily and a control group of 9 patients who used a mouth rinse without CHX, but with same color. After 1 week, polycarbonate brackets were bonded to first premolars with Transbond XT composite adhesive. Premolars were extracted after 28 days and tested for shear bond strength on a universal testing machine. Student's t-test was used to compare shear bond strengths of both groups. No statistically signifi...

Research paper thumbnail of Drug Delivery Systems in Bone Regeneration and Implant Dentistry

Current Concepts in Dental Implantology, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Hepatocyte growth factor levels in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in smokers with periodontitis

Disease markers, 2014

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules th... more Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules that are induced during inflammatory conditions including periodontitis. HGF plays an important role in the progression of periodontitis, by stimulating intense growth of epithelial cells and preventing regeneration of connective tissue attachments. Smokers have a greater risk factor in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. The objective of the study was to estimate the level of HGF in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers with periodontitis and to compare these levels with that of nonsmokers with periodontitis and healthy controls. The HGF levels were found to be significantly high in the saliva and GCF of smokers with periodontitis compared to both never-smokers with periodontitis and the healthy control group. The elevated levels of HGF in the saliva and GCF in the study population could explain the intrinsic mechanism triggering the severity of the pe...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Alginate-Chitosan-Collagen Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering

In the recent times, significant development has been achieved in the tissue engineering field us... more In the recent times, significant development has been achieved in the tissue engineering field using alginate and chitosan. Moreover, hydrogels of these successful macromolecules contribute enormously towards the development of novel biomedical materials. The present paper depicts the preparation and analysis of different kinds of hydrogels using the combination of alginate, chitosan, chitooligosacchrides and collagen (alginate-chitosan-cos-collagen), and also tested in vitro study with human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells for considering these composites as skin tissue substitute. Furthermore, the prepared hydrogels are chemically characterized, where the total porosity of the scaffold is found to be >90% with 33–500 m of pore size. The newly developed scaffolds though freeze-drying method showed excellent biocompatibility, cell adhesion and proliferation with HaCaT cells. Addition of collagen, alginate with chitosan hydrogel further improved the biocompatible nature that mimics the functional environment of skin.

Research paper thumbnail of Oral Health and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes