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Background: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory viral infection in children under 2 years of ag... more Background: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory viral infection in children under 2 years of age. The Surfactant Protein A and D (SP A and SP D) are collagen containing lectin (collectins) help in controlling pulmonary infections, inflammations; and allergies. Thus, these collectins might play a major role in severe bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty (n=30) severe and thirty (n=30) non-severe clinically diagnosed bronchiolitis infants with age and gender matched were recruited. The serum levels of SP A and SP D was quantified using ELISA. Results: The SP A levels were significantly reduced in severe cases (0.16ng/L 0.0028) compared to nonsevere cases (0.17ng/L 0.0009) (p Conclusion: Reduced level of SP-A and the elevated level of SP-D was associated with severe pulmonary inflammation and infection in bronchiolitis. Thus variation in levels of SP-A and SP D might play a major role in the pathogenesis of severe bronchiolitis. Keywords: Bronchiolitis, ELISA, Infection, Surf...
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Apr 30, 2019
Construction of scoring scale A simple standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS) was built usin... more Construction of scoring scale A simple standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS) was built using the aforementioned published scoring scales for validating the proposed bronchiolitis severity score (PSS) (Table 1) (Table 2). The simple items selected for SSS are respiratory rate according to their age (1-2 months, >2 months to 1 year and > 1 year), cyanosis, sensorium, nasal flare/retraction (intercostal, subcostal, ABSTRACT Background: Bronchiolitis is a viral lower respiratory infection of young infants. It requires monitoring by outpatient health care providers and rarely needs hospitalization. Scoring of severity in community helps in early referral. A simplified bronchiolitis scoring for rural health care providers with no facility for measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and chest X-ray (CXR) is a long-felt need. This study proposes a simplified score. Methods: The proposed bronchiolitis severity score (PSS) has to be validated against the standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS). The PSS was administered by a physician, nurse and researcher. The reliability was measured by the comportment of internal consistency and inter-observer agreement. Results: The physicians rating of severity by SSS and PSS was similar in 97% of cases. The internal consistency of 0.72 and the kappa index of 0.86 were obtained. The inter-rater agreements between physician, nurse, researcher was 0.94, 0.94 and 0.93 respectively. Conclusions: The PSS is reliable, valid and can be administered by nurses in peripheral health care settings.
Background: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory viral infection in children under 2 years of ag... more Background: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory viral infection in children under 2 years of age. The Surfactant Protein A and D (SP A and SP D) are collagen containing lectin (collectins) help in controlling pulmonary infections, inflammations; and allergies. Thus, these collectins might play a major role in severe bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty (n=30) severe and thirty (n=30) non-severe clinically diagnosed bronchiolitis infants with age and gender matched were recruited. The serum levels of SP A and SP D was quantified using ELISA. Results: The SP A levels were significantly reduced in severe cases (0.16ng/L 0.0028) compared to nonsevere cases (0.17ng/L 0.0009) (p Conclusion: Reduced level of SP-A and the elevated level of SP-D was associated with severe pulmonary inflammation and infection in bronchiolitis. Thus variation in levels of SP-A and SP D might play a major role in the pathogenesis of severe bronchiolitis. Keywords: Bronchiolitis, ELISA, Infection, Surf...
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Apr 30, 2019
Construction of scoring scale A simple standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS) was built usin... more Construction of scoring scale A simple standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS) was built using the aforementioned published scoring scales for validating the proposed bronchiolitis severity score (PSS) (Table 1) (Table 2). The simple items selected for SSS are respiratory rate according to their age (1-2 months, >2 months to 1 year and > 1 year), cyanosis, sensorium, nasal flare/retraction (intercostal, subcostal, ABSTRACT Background: Bronchiolitis is a viral lower respiratory infection of young infants. It requires monitoring by outpatient health care providers and rarely needs hospitalization. Scoring of severity in community helps in early referral. A simplified bronchiolitis scoring for rural health care providers with no facility for measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and chest X-ray (CXR) is a long-felt need. This study proposes a simplified score. Methods: The proposed bronchiolitis severity score (PSS) has to be validated against the standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS). The PSS was administered by a physician, nurse and researcher. The reliability was measured by the comportment of internal consistency and inter-observer agreement. Results: The physicians rating of severity by SSS and PSS was similar in 97% of cases. The internal consistency of 0.72 and the kappa index of 0.86 were obtained. The inter-rater agreements between physician, nurse, researcher was 0.94, 0.94 and 0.93 respectively. Conclusions: The PSS is reliable, valid and can be administered by nurses in peripheral health care settings.