showkat Bhat | Jamia Millia Islamia (original) (raw)

Papers by showkat Bhat

This paper attempts to contribute to the cooperative banking efficiency literature by investigati... more This paper attempts to contribute to the cooperative banking efficiency literature by investigating the technical efficiency of cooperative banks operating in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K). The study applies Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) model (1978) of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) model (1984). Banks under reference are treated as intermediaries between savers and investors. The estimated results show that three banks are relatively efficient when their efficiency is measured in terms of constant returns to scale and five banks are relatively efficient when their efficiency is measured in terms of variable returns to scale. By improving management of deposits, number of employees, loan advances and investment operations the less efficient banks can successfully achieve efficiency in resource utilization. The results also provide valuable insights to policymakers and managers for improving the efficiency and management of the cooperative bankin...

The paper estimates the technical efficiency and the relationship between farm size and productiv... more The paper estimates the technical efficiency and the relationship between farm size and productivity efficiency. Field survey data of 461 farmers from district Pulwama of Jammu & Kashmir (India) for the year 2013-14 were used to estimate the technical efficiency by employing Non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis. Average technical efficiency worked out to be 48%. Most of the farms were operating at low level of technical efficiency. There was also wide dispersion in technical efficiency across farm categories. Farm size and productivity efficiency relationship was found to be non-linear, with efficiency first falling and then rising with size. Large farms tend to have higher net farm income per acre and are technically efficient compared to other small farm size categories. The study further delineated the socio-economic, institutional and farm factors of technical efficiency using Two-limit Tobit Regression Model. The results showed that Occupation, Farm Experience, Household Si...

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2016

International Journal of Indian Psychology

In India, though much emphasis is being laid on the gender equality in terms of education, yet di... more In India, though much emphasis is being laid on the gender equality in terms of education, yet discrimination in access to education does exist. There is a rural and urban divide in access to education for women. In Jammu and Kashmir too, female literacy rate is quite low and stands at 58.01 percent. The rural female literacy rate in J&K is 53.36 percent to 70.19 percent for urban females which earlier in the Census of 2001 was 36.7% at rural and 61.9% at the urban level, respectively. Also, there is a large gap in the male and female literacy levels in this border state. The present study examines the issues of education for empowering women in the rural areas of Jammu and Kashmir and seeks to address the challenges towards education of rural women in Jammu and Kashmir.

Asian Review of Social Sciences

Human capital, as characterized by good education and good health is an important determinant of ... more Human capital, as characterized by good education and good health is an important determinant of economic growth. Health finds a predominant place in three of the eight goals, eight of the sixteen targets and eighteen of the forty-eight indicators of the “Millennium Development Goals of the United Nation”. Health is the most important social service sector having direct correlation with the welfare of the human being. This sector assumes focus for reaping the demographic dividend having healthy productive workforce and general welfare of a State. The State of Jammu and Kashmir has performed relatively well in providing health and medical facilities to the people, but the level is still beneath the satisfaction. The progress of health infrastructure in the State can be judged by the health infrastructure i.e., the availability of hospitals, dispensaries and doctors. There are 4433 Govt. Health institutions at primary, secondary and tertiary levels with 6674 doctors in-position. The d...

Agricultural Economics Research Review

The paper has applied time series model to investigate the wholesale and retail price market inte... more The paper has applied time series model to investigate the wholesale and retail price market integration of major pulses (tur, gram, moong, urad, masoor) in five major regions namely north zone (NZ), south zone (SZ), east zone (EZ), west zone (WZ) and north east zone (NEZ) in the country based on their volume of production. The study has shown that there exists a strong cointegration among the wholesale as well as retail prices of these major pulses, although the cointegration varies. In addition to the horizontal cointegration, the vertical cointegration between the wholesale and retail prices of different pulses has also been investigated. Different causal relationships have been found between wholesale and retail prices in these five zones. The application of vector error correction model (VECM) has indicated that all the error correction terms (ECTs) are negative and most of these terms are statistically significant, implying that the system once in dis-equilibrium tries to come back to the equilibrium situation. The study has also used Impulse response analysis which shows that change in wholesale prices of these five pulses in one zone will cause change in wholesale prices in other zones. The paper has concluded that price signals are transmitted across regions indicating that price changes in one zone are consistently related to price changes in other zones and are able to influence the prices in other zones. However, the direction and intensity of price changes may be affected by the dynamic linkages between the demand and supply of pulses. The study has provided an interesting insight for policy makers, and for contributing to improve the information precision to predict the price movements used by marketing operators for their strategies and by policy makers for designing the suitable marketing strategies to bring more efficiency across the markets.

Indian Journal of Economics and Development, 2016

This paper explores the relationship between institutional credit supply and agricultural develop... more This paper explores the relationship between institutional credit supply and agricultural development in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K). The study employed Multiple Loglinear Regression Model to determine the impact ofinstitutional credit supply on the agricultural production (based on the theoretical framework of Cobb-Douglas production function). Besides institutional credit other explanatory variables included in the study are: area under cultivated (CA), irrigation intensity (IR), consumption of fertilizers (FR), agricultural workers (LBR) and number of tractors used (NT). The study is based on the secondary data compiled from diverse sources over the period of 35 years (1975–2010). All the variables were tested for unit root in order to check the stationarity of the data by employing the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillip-Perron Unit Root Tests. Correspondingly, Johansen's Maximum Likelihood Estimation method for testing for cointegration applied to examine the long run relationship between the variables. The estimated results show that institutional credit has positive and significantimpact on agricultural production. As there is one percent increase in the flow of institutional credit the agriculturalproduction will increase by 0.27 percent. It was also found that after the financial sector reforms (1991) the flow of credit to agriculture has increased continuously as it rose from 10095 lakhs in 1991 to 126767 lakhs in 2010. The researcher concludes that, there is a need to enhance and monitor institutional credit supplied for agricultural purpose to efficiently attain the anticipated growth in the sector.

WiMAX is the IEEE 802.16e standard-based wireless technology, provides Broadband Wireless Access ... more WiMAX is the IEEE 802.16e standard-based wireless technology, provides Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) for Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN). Being the wireless channels are precious and limited, adapting the appropriate modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for the state of the radio channel leads to an optimal average data rate. The standard supports adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) on the basis of signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) condition of the radio link. This paper made an attempt to study the performance of AMC scheme in Mobile WiMAX network using simulation and emulation methods. Different MCS are adopted by mobile subscriber station (MSS) on the basis of the detected instantaneous SINR. Simulation results demonstrate the impact of modulation and coding scheme on the performance of the system and emulation results defend the simulation results.

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2016

International Journal of Indian Psychology

Asian Review of Social Sciences

Agricultural Economics Research Review

Indian Journal of Economics and Development, 2016