hossein batooli | University of Kashan (original) (raw)

Papers by hossein batooli

Pharmazie, 2010

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Determination of chemical constituents of the essential oil of Acinos graveolens and evaluation o... more Determination of chemical constituents of the essential oil of Acinos graveolens and evaluation of biological activities of this plant methanol extract were performed in this study. Essential oil of A. graveolens was extract using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) method and have been analyzed by GC/FID and GC/Mass systems. Twenty-seven constituents representing 93.09% of the oil were identified both qualitatively and quantitatively. Germacrene-D (56.65%), bicyclogermacrene (8.69%) and caryophyllene oxide (7.46%) were detected as the plant major essential oil components. The plant extract was also tested for its antioxidant activities using 2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and b-carotene/linoleic acid assays. Extract of A. graveolens showed a good activity in DPPH assay with IC50 value of (50.34±5.33 μg/ml) and a moderate activity in β-carotene-linoleic acid assay with inhibition percentage of 46.1±5.0%. Total phenolic compounds content of the extracts was recorded as 51...

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Background and objectives: Dorema ammoniacum D. Don (Apiaceae) is a monocarpic plant endemic to c... more Background and objectives: Dorema ammoniacum D. Don (Apiaceae) is a monocarpic plant endemic to central Iran. The gum resin of this species is a known therapeutic agent in Iranian, Indian and Western traditional medicines. The aim of the present study was to investigate essential oil constituents and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils and extracts of D. ammoniacum aerial parts and roots. Methods: Essential oils were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. The oils together with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plant samples were subjected to antioxidant evaluation by DPPH and FRAP assays and antibacterial screening using disk diffusion and micro-well dilution methods. Results: Thirty-four compounds were identified in the aerial parts oil, among them β-himachalene (9.3%) and β-chamigrene (8.7%) were the main constituents. Thirty-five compounds were also characterized in the roots oil, of which β-bisabolene (15.1%) and hex...

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Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2007

The essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Crambe orientalis L., which belongs to Cruciferae ... more The essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Crambe orientalis L., which belongs to Cruciferae family, was obtained by hydrodistillation method in 0.1% yield and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-three compounds representing 98.7% of the oil were identified. Among them 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (51.4%), henicosane (9.3%), epoxy-oleic acid (7.6%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.2%) were the major constituents of the oil.

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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International Journal of Food Properties, 2011

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxi... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Eucalyptus largiflorens F. Muell. The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the leaves of E. largiflorens was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The main constituents of the oil were found to be 1,8-cineole (23.1%), cryptone (15.1%), 4-allyloxyimino-2-carene (11.2%), and 4-terpineol (9.6%). The essential oil showed strong antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms, except for P. aeruginosa, while polar subfraction of methanol extract had moderate antimicrobial activity and the nonpolar subfraction of methanol extract did not show any antimicrobial activity. In contrast, the extract showed better activity than the essential oil in antioxidant activity assays employed, e.g., in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl system. Also, the polar subfraction of methanol extract (15.1 ± 0.7 μg/ml) showed the highest radical-scavenging activity. In the second case, the inhibition capacity (%) of the nonpolar subfraction (92.7% ± 2.5) was found to be the stronger one. Finally, the total amounts of phenol constituents in the polar subfraction (142.6 ± 0.9 μg/mg), nonpolar subfraction (68.6 ± 0.4 μg/mg), and the oil (36.0 ± 0.6 μg/mg) were determined.

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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2010

This study is outlined to probe the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidan... more This study is outlined to probe the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Psammogeton canescens. The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the aerial parts of P. canescens was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil were found to be β-bisabolene (33.35%), apiole (28.34%), α-pinene (11.86%) and dill apiole (8.17%). Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by three various testing systems namely DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and reducing power assay. In DPPH system, the highest radical-scavenging activity was seen by the polar subfraction of methanol extract (49.5 ± 1.21 μg/ml). Furthermore, in the second case the inhibition capacity (%) of the polar subfraction (92.40% ± 0.72) found to be the stronger one. However, in the reducing power assay, a reverse activity pattern more than in the first two systems was observed, and the essential oil was stronger radical reducer than was the methanol extract in all of the concentration tested. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil and methanol extracts of P. canescens possess significant antioxidant activities and may be suggested as a new potential source of natural antioxidant.

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Natural Product Research, 2011

Essential oil composition of the leaves of Viola odorata L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran,... more Essential oil composition of the leaves of Viola odorata L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, was extracted by hydro distillation–solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. The analysis revealed the presence of 25 identified compounds, representing 92.77% of the oil with butyl-2-ethylhexylphthalate (30.10%) and 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2(4H)-benzofuranone (12.03%) being the two main components. Several components were identified for the first time in this chemotype of V. odorata. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the oil, methanol and chloroform extracts were also evaluated for the first time in this research work.

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Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2009

The dried aerial parts of Pimpinella aurea DC., which belongs to Apiaceae family and grows in cen... more The dried aerial parts of Pimpinella aurea DC., which belongs to Apiaceae family and grows in central Iran, were hydrodistilled to produce oils in the yield of 0.30% (v/w). The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-six compounds were identified, representing 96.27% of the oils. The main components were β-caryophyllene (13.6%), β-bisabolene (12.2%), (E)-β-farnesene (10.4%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (10.2%).

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Natural Product Research, 2011

Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum sc... more Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum scabrum L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, were determined by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. Analysis revealed 28 identified compounds for H. perforatum, with two main components being α-pinene (25.36%) and α-amorphene (12.12%). Thirty-five compounds were identified in H. scabrum L. representing 98.60% of the oil with α-pinene (70.21%) and p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol (2.89%) as main components. Some new compounds were found in significant quantities which were not found in other chemotypes. The antioxidant activities of the EOs evaluated for the first time in this study using β-carotene bleaching and DPPH assays seemed to be attributed directly to α-pinene contents in them. Antibacterial activities of both mentioned EOs were higher than that of their main constituent, α-pinene, against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

The chemical composition of the essential oil of leaves of Eucalyptus procera Dehnh., cultivated ... more The chemical composition of the essential oil of leaves of Eucalyptus procera Dehnh., cultivated in central Iran, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. Forty-five constituents representing 99.6% of the total oil were identified. The main constituents of the oil were found to be 1,8-cineole (35.9%), α-pinene (25.6%) and viridiflorol (7.7%). Other representative compounds were identified as α-terpineol (3.6%), aromadendrene (3.5%) and trans-pinocarveol (3.0%).

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2007

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2010

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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Natural Product Research, 2011

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of ... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil and methanol extracts of Echinophora platyloba from Iran. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC/MS (mass spectrometry; MS) analysis of the essential oil resulted in the identification of 29 compounds, which comprised 97.4% of the oil. The main constituents were found to be: (Z)-β-ocimene (26.7%), Δ-3-carene (16.2%) and limonene (6.6%). Antioxidant activities of the essential oil and the methanolic extracts from E. platyloba were evaluated using three different test systems, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, β-carotene–linoleic acid bleaching and reducing power assays. In the DPPH system, the highest radical-scavenging activity was shown by the polar sub-fraction of methanol extract (71.2 ± 1.11 µg mL−1). Also in the second case, the relative inhibition capacity (%) of the essential oil (68.0 ± 1.14%) was found to be the stronger one. In addition, the amounts of total phenol components in the polar sub-fractions of methanolic extract (67.5 ± 0.48 µg mg−1), nonpolar sub-fractions of methanol extract (35.3 ± 0.12) and the oil (83.3 ± 0.24 µg mg−1) were determined.

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Food Chemistry, 2010

This study reports the essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the e... more This study reports the essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of aerial parts of Semenovia tragioides. GC and GC/MS analysis identified 17 compounds representing 99.4% of the oil. The main components comprising 61.9% of the oil were lavandulyl acetate (25.5%), geranyl acetate (12.5%), trans-β-ocimene (8.8%), p-cymene (7.7%) and γ-terpinene (7.4%). The samples were screened for their antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay methods. None of the plant samples showed appreciable antioxidant activity in DPPH test. However, methanol extract exhibited considerable linoleic acid oxidation inhibition (77.4%) in the β-carotene/linoleic acid test, a value near to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 95.6%). Total phenolic content of the plant extract as gallic acid equivalents was 7.5 μg/mg. The essential oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all but one of the tested microorganisms while the plant extract only inhibited two of them weakly.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum sc... more Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum scabrum L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, were determined by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. Analysis revealed 28 identified compounds for H. perforatum, with two main components being α-pinene (25.36%) and α-amorphene (12.12%). Thirty-five compounds were identified in H. scabrum L. representing 98.60% of the oil with α-pinene (70.21%) and p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol (2.89%) as main components. Some new compounds were found in significant quantities which were not found in other chemotypes. The antioxidant activities of the EOs evaluated for the first time in this study using β-carotene bleaching and DPPH assays seemed to be attributed directly to α-pinene contents in them. Antibacterial activities of both mentioned EOs were higher than that of their main constituent, α-pinene, against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of ... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil and various extracts of Haplophyllum robustum. GC-MS analysis of the oil resulted in the identification of 30 compounds, representing 99.2% of the oil; 1,8-cineole (38.1%), myrcene (10.7%), α-pinene (8.5%), 4-terpineol (7.0%) and sabinene (6.1%) were the main components. The antioxidant potential of the oil and extracts was evaluated using three separate methods: inhibition of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene-linoleic acid assay and reducing power systems. The essential oil of the plant was able to reduce the stable free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 72.0 ± 1.2 µg mL−1 (the IC50 for ascorbic acid was determined as 5.8 ± 0.4 µg mL−1). The essential oil also showed strong reducing power. The level of total phenolics was highest in the essential oil (179.5 ± 2.1 µg mg−1).

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Food Control, 2010

This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicro... more This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the leaves and flowers of Chaerophyllum macropodum. GC and GC/MS analysis of the plant essential oils led to the identification of 49 components making 98.3–99.4% of its oils. The main constituents of the essential oils were trans-β-farnesene, trans-β-ocimene, β-pinene, limonene, spathulenol and myrcene constituting 49.6–73.1% of the oils. The extracts from the leaves and flowers showed moderate antioxidant activities in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test (IC50 values = 196.8 and 167.1 μg/ml respectively) and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay (inhibitions percentages = 69.9% and 62.7% respectively), but the essential oils were almost inactive in these tests. On the other hand, only the essential oils of the plant showed considerable antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microorganisms.

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Pharmazie, 2010

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Determination of chemical constituents of the essential oil of Acinos graveolens and evaluation o... more Determination of chemical constituents of the essential oil of Acinos graveolens and evaluation of biological activities of this plant methanol extract were performed in this study. Essential oil of A. graveolens was extract using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) method and have been analyzed by GC/FID and GC/Mass systems. Twenty-seven constituents representing 93.09% of the oil were identified both qualitatively and quantitatively. Germacrene-D (56.65%), bicyclogermacrene (8.69%) and caryophyllene oxide (7.46%) were detected as the plant major essential oil components. The plant extract was also tested for its antioxidant activities using 2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and b-carotene/linoleic acid assays. Extract of A. graveolens showed a good activity in DPPH assay with IC50 value of (50.34±5.33 μg/ml) and a moderate activity in β-carotene-linoleic acid assay with inhibition percentage of 46.1±5.0%. Total phenolic compounds content of the extracts was recorded as 51...

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Background and objectives: Dorema ammoniacum D. Don (Apiaceae) is a monocarpic plant endemic to c... more Background and objectives: Dorema ammoniacum D. Don (Apiaceae) is a monocarpic plant endemic to central Iran. The gum resin of this species is a known therapeutic agent in Iranian, Indian and Western traditional medicines. The aim of the present study was to investigate essential oil constituents and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils and extracts of D. ammoniacum aerial parts and roots. Methods: Essential oils were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. The oils together with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plant samples were subjected to antioxidant evaluation by DPPH and FRAP assays and antibacterial screening using disk diffusion and micro-well dilution methods. Results: Thirty-four compounds were identified in the aerial parts oil, among them β-himachalene (9.3%) and β-chamigrene (8.7%) were the main constituents. Thirty-five compounds were also characterized in the roots oil, of which β-bisabolene (15.1%) and hex...

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Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2007

The essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Crambe orientalis L., which belongs to Cruciferae ... more The essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Crambe orientalis L., which belongs to Cruciferae family, was obtained by hydrodistillation method in 0.1% yield and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-three compounds representing 98.7% of the oil were identified. Among them 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (51.4%), henicosane (9.3%), epoxy-oleic acid (7.6%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.2%) were the major constituents of the oil.

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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International Journal of Food Properties, 2011

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxi... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Eucalyptus largiflorens F. Muell. The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the leaves of E. largiflorens was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The main constituents of the oil were found to be 1,8-cineole (23.1%), cryptone (15.1%), 4-allyloxyimino-2-carene (11.2%), and 4-terpineol (9.6%). The essential oil showed strong antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms, except for P. aeruginosa, while polar subfraction of methanol extract had moderate antimicrobial activity and the nonpolar subfraction of methanol extract did not show any antimicrobial activity. In contrast, the extract showed better activity than the essential oil in antioxidant activity assays employed, e.g., in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl system. Also, the polar subfraction of methanol extract (15.1 ± 0.7 μg/ml) showed the highest radical-scavenging activity. In the second case, the inhibition capacity (%) of the nonpolar subfraction (92.7% ± 2.5) was found to be the stronger one. Finally, the total amounts of phenol constituents in the polar subfraction (142.6 ± 0.9 μg/mg), nonpolar subfraction (68.6 ± 0.4 μg/mg), and the oil (36.0 ± 0.6 μg/mg) were determined.

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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2010

This study is outlined to probe the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidan... more This study is outlined to probe the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Psammogeton canescens. The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the aerial parts of P. canescens was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil were found to be β-bisabolene (33.35%), apiole (28.34%), α-pinene (11.86%) and dill apiole (8.17%). Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by three various testing systems namely DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and reducing power assay. In DPPH system, the highest radical-scavenging activity was seen by the polar subfraction of methanol extract (49.5 ± 1.21 μg/ml). Furthermore, in the second case the inhibition capacity (%) of the polar subfraction (92.40% ± 0.72) found to be the stronger one. However, in the reducing power assay, a reverse activity pattern more than in the first two systems was observed, and the essential oil was stronger radical reducer than was the methanol extract in all of the concentration tested. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil and methanol extracts of P. canescens possess significant antioxidant activities and may be suggested as a new potential source of natural antioxidant.

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Natural Product Research, 2011

Essential oil composition of the leaves of Viola odorata L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran,... more Essential oil composition of the leaves of Viola odorata L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, was extracted by hydro distillation–solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. The analysis revealed the presence of 25 identified compounds, representing 92.77% of the oil with butyl-2-ethylhexylphthalate (30.10%) and 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2(4H)-benzofuranone (12.03%) being the two main components. Several components were identified for the first time in this chemotype of V. odorata. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the oil, methanol and chloroform extracts were also evaluated for the first time in this research work.

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Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2009

The dried aerial parts of Pimpinella aurea DC., which belongs to Apiaceae family and grows in cen... more The dried aerial parts of Pimpinella aurea DC., which belongs to Apiaceae family and grows in central Iran, were hydrodistilled to produce oils in the yield of 0.30% (v/w). The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-six compounds were identified, representing 96.27% of the oils. The main components were β-caryophyllene (13.6%), β-bisabolene (12.2%), (E)-β-farnesene (10.4%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (10.2%).

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Natural Product Research, 2011

Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum sc... more Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum scabrum L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, were determined by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. Analysis revealed 28 identified compounds for H. perforatum, with two main components being α-pinene (25.36%) and α-amorphene (12.12%). Thirty-five compounds were identified in H. scabrum L. representing 98.60% of the oil with α-pinene (70.21%) and p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol (2.89%) as main components. Some new compounds were found in significant quantities which were not found in other chemotypes. The antioxidant activities of the EOs evaluated for the first time in this study using β-carotene bleaching and DPPH assays seemed to be attributed directly to α-pinene contents in them. Antibacterial activities of both mentioned EOs were higher than that of their main constituent, α-pinene, against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

The chemical composition of the essential oil of leaves of Eucalyptus procera Dehnh., cultivated ... more The chemical composition of the essential oil of leaves of Eucalyptus procera Dehnh., cultivated in central Iran, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. Forty-five constituents representing 99.6% of the total oil were identified. The main constituents of the oil were found to be 1,8-cineole (35.9%), α-pinene (25.6%) and viridiflorol (7.7%). Other representative compounds were identified as α-terpineol (3.6%), aromadendrene (3.5%) and trans-pinocarveol (3.0%).

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2007

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2010

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

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Natural Product Research, 2011

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of ... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil and methanol extracts of Echinophora platyloba from Iran. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC/MS (mass spectrometry; MS) analysis of the essential oil resulted in the identification of 29 compounds, which comprised 97.4% of the oil. The main constituents were found to be: (Z)-β-ocimene (26.7%), Δ-3-carene (16.2%) and limonene (6.6%). Antioxidant activities of the essential oil and the methanolic extracts from E. platyloba were evaluated using three different test systems, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, β-carotene–linoleic acid bleaching and reducing power assays. In the DPPH system, the highest radical-scavenging activity was shown by the polar sub-fraction of methanol extract (71.2 ± 1.11 µg mL−1). Also in the second case, the relative inhibition capacity (%) of the essential oil (68.0 ± 1.14%) was found to be the stronger one. In addition, the amounts of total phenol components in the polar sub-fractions of methanolic extract (67.5 ± 0.48 µg mg−1), nonpolar sub-fractions of methanol extract (35.3 ± 0.12) and the oil (83.3 ± 0.24 µg mg−1) were determined.

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Food Chemistry, 2010

This study reports the essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the e... more This study reports the essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of aerial parts of Semenovia tragioides. GC and GC/MS analysis identified 17 compounds representing 99.4% of the oil. The main components comprising 61.9% of the oil were lavandulyl acetate (25.5%), geranyl acetate (12.5%), trans-β-ocimene (8.8%), p-cymene (7.7%) and γ-terpinene (7.4%). The samples were screened for their antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay methods. None of the plant samples showed appreciable antioxidant activity in DPPH test. However, methanol extract exhibited considerable linoleic acid oxidation inhibition (77.4%) in the β-carotene/linoleic acid test, a value near to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 95.6%). Total phenolic content of the plant extract as gallic acid equivalents was 7.5 μg/mg. The essential oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all but one of the tested microorganisms while the plant extract only inhibited two of them weakly.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum sc... more Essential oil (EO) compositions of flowers and fruits of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum scabrum L. growing wild in Kashan, central Iran, were determined by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method and analysed using GC–MS technique. Analysis revealed 28 identified compounds for H. perforatum, with two main components being α-pinene (25.36%) and α-amorphene (12.12%). Thirty-five compounds were identified in H. scabrum L. representing 98.60% of the oil with α-pinene (70.21%) and p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol (2.89%) as main components. Some new compounds were found in significant quantities which were not found in other chemotypes. The antioxidant activities of the EOs evaluated for the first time in this study using β-carotene bleaching and DPPH assays seemed to be attributed directly to α-pinene contents in them. Antibacterial activities of both mentioned EOs were higher than that of their main constituent, α-pinene, against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

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Natural Product Research, 2012

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of ... more This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil and various extracts of Haplophyllum robustum. GC-MS analysis of the oil resulted in the identification of 30 compounds, representing 99.2% of the oil; 1,8-cineole (38.1%), myrcene (10.7%), α-pinene (8.5%), 4-terpineol (7.0%) and sabinene (6.1%) were the main components. The antioxidant potential of the oil and extracts was evaluated using three separate methods: inhibition of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene-linoleic acid assay and reducing power systems. The essential oil of the plant was able to reduce the stable free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 72.0 ± 1.2 µg mL−1 (the IC50 for ascorbic acid was determined as 5.8 ± 0.4 µg mL−1). The essential oil also showed strong reducing power. The level of total phenolics was highest in the essential oil (179.5 ± 2.1 µg mg−1).

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Food Control, 2010

This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicro... more This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the leaves and flowers of Chaerophyllum macropodum. GC and GC/MS analysis of the plant essential oils led to the identification of 49 components making 98.3–99.4% of its oils. The main constituents of the essential oils were trans-β-farnesene, trans-β-ocimene, β-pinene, limonene, spathulenol and myrcene constituting 49.6–73.1% of the oils. The extracts from the leaves and flowers showed moderate antioxidant activities in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test (IC50 values = 196.8 and 167.1 μg/ml respectively) and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay (inhibitions percentages = 69.9% and 62.7% respectively), but the essential oils were almost inactive in these tests. On the other hand, only the essential oils of the plant showed considerable antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microorganisms.

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