Basaham, A.S., El-Sayed, M., Ghandour, I.M., Masuda, H | King AbdulAziz University (KAU) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (original) (raw)
Papers by Basaham, A.S., El-Sayed, M., Ghandour, I.M., Masuda, H
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Marine Sciences, 2009
The southern corniche area of Jeddah receives through Al-Kumra effluent the equivalent of 300,000... more The southern corniche area of Jeddah receives through Al-Kumra effluent the equivalent of 300,000 m 3 of semi-treated sewage. Before 2001, the sewage was directly dumped from an outlet situated at about 1 m above the sea surface. Since 2001, the same volume of municipal wastewater is disposed from underwater diffuser situated at about 3 km south of the old effluent. In order to study the environmental consequences of the dumping site transfer from a sheltered to an open sea area, the region was revisited and sediment samples were collected from the same stations sampled prior to the transfer of the effluent. Samples were analysed for their grain size distribution and their content of organic carbon, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb. Results were compared to those obtained in a previous study carried out in 1999. The study showed that despite the very pronounced dilution effect, the impact of the effluent is measurable and extends, in situ, north and south directions along the entire study area. The impact is very pronounced in the coastal area as shown by the excessive development of algal production which extends further southward and by the destruction of the mangrove stand. Sediments are becoming enriched in heavy metals where concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Cr are almost doubled. The present study is the first of its kind to be carried out after the effluent transfer. The authors therefore believe that the system did not yet reach a steady state and will continue to change and develop for several years.
For its second edition, CoNEXT, in cooperation with ACM SIGCOMM, is establishing itself as a majo... more For its second edition, CoNEXT, in cooperation with ACM SIGCOMM, is establishing itself as a major scientific conference of European initiative in the computer networks area. CoNEXT 2006 received 92 papers, from which 19 were selected for the conference programme. This programme reflects the diversity of the submissions both in terms of topics and in terms of geographical origin. The conference was preceded by a students workshop where forty posters were presented. Students' participation was fostered by the distribution of eighteen travel grants. The Future Internet Workshop was held together with the conference under the auspice of the COST ARCADIA activity. CoNEXT 2006 introduced the CoNEXT rising star award being awarded to Mathias Grossglauser. Mathias Grossglauser and Joao Luis Sobrinho were invited speakers at the conference. The conference attracted over 100 participants.
A combination of field work, mineralogical and geochemical analyses have been used to study the c... more A combination of field work, mineralogical and geochemical analyses have been used to study the characteristics of the supratidal flat sabkhas developed on the southern Corniche of Jeddah. Mineral significances of sabkha deposits are considered a guide for understanding the mode of formation while, study of the chemistry of sabkha reflects the diagenetic history and pollution. Gypsum, halite, aragonite, Mg-calcite, quartz and feldspar are the dominant minerals present while, calcite, dolomite, amphibole and pyrite occur in small amounts. Significant vertical alteration of both carbonate and evaporite minerals with depth are noticed in the studied sabkha sequence. Distribution of elements (iron, manganese, copper, zinc and lead) in the sabkha sediments from four holes indicates characteristic differences. The downward increase of Fe concentration in sabkha sequences can be related to diagenetic processes, while enrichment of Cu, Zn and Pb are related to a pollution of the area due to...
Abstract. Sharm Obhur is a coastal creek located about 35 km north of Jeddah City and is an attra... more Abstract. Sharm Obhur is a coastal creek located about 35 km north of Jeddah City and is an attractive recreational area. Urbanization of its coasts is progressively increasing since the eighties. This manu-script aims at the assessment of the impact of human activities on the natural environment of the Sharm through: 1) observation of the morphological changes of its shore using available aerial and satellite images, 2) carrying out an underwater survey to record the present status of the bottom, 3) using geochemical indicators to assess the possible changes in sediment properties. The present study indicates that the Sharm has suffered considerable changes since the eighties. Between 1986 and 2000 the area of the Sharm has been decreased by about 800,000 m2, which represents an average annual loss of about 60,000 m2 due to filling processes. This loss is actually a loss of coral reef ecosystem and its particular habitat. Physical and chemical char-acteristics of sediments appear t...
Oceanologia, 2008
Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical p... more Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical processes in Sharm Al-Kharrar, a lagoon in the arid Red Sea region. Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from the area and their mud fraction analysed for grain size, OC, CaCO 3 , mineralogy and elemental composition. The mud fraction consisted of a mixture of siliciclastic/calcareous materials, dominated by silt size materials and characterised by low OC (average 0.71% ±0.13); CaCO 3 varied widely, with an average of 45% ±18. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba showed a wide range of variation throughout the Sharm. The results were normalised to Al and subjected to cluster analysis in order to examine the relations between the mineralogy and the elemental composition. The contents of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba appeared to be influenced by the mixing of the two end-members in addition to the physiochemical processes associated with the mixing between episodic freshwater flooding and seawater. Zn was the single element that showed a slight departure from the mixing model.
Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical p... more Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical processes in Sharm Al-Kharrar, a lagoon in the arid Red Sea region. Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from the area and their mud fraction analysed for grain size, OC, CaCO3, mineralogy and elemental composition. The mud fraction consisted of a mixture of siliciclastic/calcareous materials, dominated by silt size materials and characterised by low OC (average 0.71% ±0.13); CaCO3 varied widely, with an average of 45% ±18. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba showed a wide range of variation throughout the Sharm. The results were normalised to Al and subjected to cluster analysis in order to examine the relations between the mineralogy and the elemental composition. The contents of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba appeared to be influenced by the mixing of the two end-members in addition to the physiochemical processes associated with the mixing between episo...
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-earth Sciences, 2010
Journal of King Abdulaziz University
Atmospheric dust contains harmful minute-sized minerals that may cause a remarkable environment e... more Atmospheric dust contains harmful minute-sized minerals that may cause a remarkable environment effect on marine life. The city of Jeddah expands drastically since the seventies and the dust content of harmful minerals increases. In this study fifty-two dust samples were collected at four locations using vertical dust trappers. Dust samples were analyzed for the major elements Al, Fe, Ca and Mg and the trace elements Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd. Some selected samples were analyzed for grain size distribution and mineralogical composition. Particles of the falling dust were mainly silty-sized and particle diameter increases in the direction of the prevailing wind indicating local mobilization. The mineralogical composition was dominated by quartz, plagioclase feldspars, calcite and gypsum. These minerals are widely present in the rock outcrops in the vicinity of the city. Results of major and trace elements show that trace elements particularly Cu and Zn were enriched in the dust p...
A sequential leaching technique has been used to characterize the solid state speciation of total... more A sequential leaching technique has been used to characterize the solid state speciation of total copper (~Cu) among a number of operationally defined host fractions in surface seawater particulates from the Atlantic Ocean, a diagenetically active hemipelagic sediment core from the eastern Mediterranean, a turbidite-rich sediment core from the Madeira Abyssal Plain and a series of 79 Atlantic Ocean surface or near surface sediments. Around 50% of the ~Cu in the surface water particulates is held in organic associations. When the material is deposited at the sediment surface, following its entry into the down-column carbon flux, the ~Cu undergoes phase transformations as the organic carriers are destroyed. However, some of the organically associated copper (Cus) is preserved in the sediments, the amount depending on the diagenetic environment of deposition. The relationship between ~Cu and organic carbon in an oceanic mediment may be masked, but the partitioning speciation data has shown that good correlations can be found between organic carbon and Cus. The concentration of Cu5 in Atlantic Ocean surface sediments is highest in hemipelagic (diagenetically active) sediments deposited in the marginal regions, and lowest in open-ocean (less diagenetically active) sediments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and ridge flanks. The marginal sediments contain an average of ~ 20% of their total Cu in an organic association, with the result that these sediments can act as traps for seawater-derived Cu that would normally be regarded as being 'reactive' in the marine environment. To a first approximation, the preservation of Cus in the sediments mimics that of primary production in the overlying waters, and so 'fingerprints' the operation of the global ocean carbon flux in oceanic deposits. However, the relationship can be perturbed by the off-shelf transport of organic-rich, Cus-containing, turbidites which can result in the transfer and burial of organic copper host fractions in open-ocean oxic environments.
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Earth Sciences, 1998
... diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43: 1075-1090. Ghazali, FM (1993) Effect of sewage poll... more ... diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43: 1075-1090. Ghazali, FM (1993) Effect of sewage pollution on the occurrence of zooplankton community at Al-Arbaeen and Al-Shabab lagoons in Jeddah region. M.Sc. Thesis, KAU ...
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Marine Sciences, 2007
The concentration of alkaline earth elements (Ca, Mg, Ba and Sr) were measured in a Porites lutea... more The concentration of alkaline earth elements (Ca, Mg, Ba and Sr) were measured in a Porites lutea colony in an attempt to establish the vertical variation in their distribution and to determine relationship between the strontium and calcium ratio with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The results indicate that a good relationship exists between the Sr/Ca ratio and sea surface temperature independent of the ambient climate.
Journal of the Geological Society, 1994
The Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2011
... SAUDI ARABIA. Ramadan H. Abu-Zied 1 ,2 ,3 , Rashad A. Bantan 1 , Ali S. Basaham 1 , Mohamed H... more ... SAUDI ARABIA. Ramadan H. Abu-Zied 1 ,2 ,3 , Rashad A. Bantan 1 , Ali S. Basaham 1 , Mohamed H. El Mamoney 1 and Hamad A. Al-Washmi 1 ... of land). Its largest islands are Farasan Al-Kabir and Sajid (Bantan, 1999). The Farasan ...
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2002
Page 1. Intern. J. Environ. Studies, 2002, Vol. 59(1), pp. 1 ± 31 DISTRIBUTION AND GEOCHEMISTRY O... more Page 1. Intern. J. Environ. Studies, 2002, Vol. 59(1), pp. 1 ± 31 DISTRIBUTION AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN CENTRAL RED SEA COASTAL SEDIMENTS MOHAMED A. EL SAYEDa,*, ALI S. BASAHAMa and AMIN M. GHEITHb ...
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2014
ABSTRACT Sediment characteristics are the indicators of the intensity and geological history of t... more ABSTRACT Sediment characteristics are the indicators of the intensity and geological history of the processes active in an area. Their association with different geomorphic features also signifies the present day conditions of deposition. In this study, variations in sediment characteristics associated with different geomorphic features, such as the coastal zone, two islands and a lagoon in the Al-Lith area of central-west coast of Saudi Arabia have been analysed. Whereas, the detrital sediments (sand + mud) are common (61–87 %) in most of the subunits of the coastal zone; the nondetrital (carbonate rich) sediments are more common (54–95 %) on the two islands as well as the lagoon; indicating distinct sources of sediments in these regions. The variation of sediment texture between sand and sandy silt in most geomorphic units, also shows that they are exposed to high-energy conditions, whereas occurrence of heavy minerals in small proportions (<7 %) indicates limited inputs from land-based igneous and metamorphic rocks. Sediment mean size vs. standard deviation shows that the sediment characteristics of a geomorphic unit (e.g. beach or sand bar) on the coast and on the island are different owing to different processes responsible for their formation.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The initials of the 2 nd ... more The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The initials of the 2 nd and 3 rd authors were incorrect. The correct initials are shown here.
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Marine Sciences, 2009
The southern corniche area of Jeddah receives through Al-Kumra effluent the equivalent of 300,000... more The southern corniche area of Jeddah receives through Al-Kumra effluent the equivalent of 300,000 m 3 of semi-treated sewage. Before 2001, the sewage was directly dumped from an outlet situated at about 1 m above the sea surface. Since 2001, the same volume of municipal wastewater is disposed from underwater diffuser situated at about 3 km south of the old effluent. In order to study the environmental consequences of the dumping site transfer from a sheltered to an open sea area, the region was revisited and sediment samples were collected from the same stations sampled prior to the transfer of the effluent. Samples were analysed for their grain size distribution and their content of organic carbon, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb. Results were compared to those obtained in a previous study carried out in 1999. The study showed that despite the very pronounced dilution effect, the impact of the effluent is measurable and extends, in situ, north and south directions along the entire study area. The impact is very pronounced in the coastal area as shown by the excessive development of algal production which extends further southward and by the destruction of the mangrove stand. Sediments are becoming enriched in heavy metals where concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Cr are almost doubled. The present study is the first of its kind to be carried out after the effluent transfer. The authors therefore believe that the system did not yet reach a steady state and will continue to change and develop for several years.
For its second edition, CoNEXT, in cooperation with ACM SIGCOMM, is establishing itself as a majo... more For its second edition, CoNEXT, in cooperation with ACM SIGCOMM, is establishing itself as a major scientific conference of European initiative in the computer networks area. CoNEXT 2006 received 92 papers, from which 19 were selected for the conference programme. This programme reflects the diversity of the submissions both in terms of topics and in terms of geographical origin. The conference was preceded by a students workshop where forty posters were presented. Students' participation was fostered by the distribution of eighteen travel grants. The Future Internet Workshop was held together with the conference under the auspice of the COST ARCADIA activity. CoNEXT 2006 introduced the CoNEXT rising star award being awarded to Mathias Grossglauser. Mathias Grossglauser and Joao Luis Sobrinho were invited speakers at the conference. The conference attracted over 100 participants.
A combination of field work, mineralogical and geochemical analyses have been used to study the c... more A combination of field work, mineralogical and geochemical analyses have been used to study the characteristics of the supratidal flat sabkhas developed on the southern Corniche of Jeddah. Mineral significances of sabkha deposits are considered a guide for understanding the mode of formation while, study of the chemistry of sabkha reflects the diagenetic history and pollution. Gypsum, halite, aragonite, Mg-calcite, quartz and feldspar are the dominant minerals present while, calcite, dolomite, amphibole and pyrite occur in small amounts. Significant vertical alteration of both carbonate and evaporite minerals with depth are noticed in the studied sabkha sequence. Distribution of elements (iron, manganese, copper, zinc and lead) in the sabkha sediments from four holes indicates characteristic differences. The downward increase of Fe concentration in sabkha sequences can be related to diagenetic processes, while enrichment of Cu, Zn and Pb are related to a pollution of the area due to...
Abstract. Sharm Obhur is a coastal creek located about 35 km north of Jeddah City and is an attra... more Abstract. Sharm Obhur is a coastal creek located about 35 km north of Jeddah City and is an attractive recreational area. Urbanization of its coasts is progressively increasing since the eighties. This manu-script aims at the assessment of the impact of human activities on the natural environment of the Sharm through: 1) observation of the morphological changes of its shore using available aerial and satellite images, 2) carrying out an underwater survey to record the present status of the bottom, 3) using geochemical indicators to assess the possible changes in sediment properties. The present study indicates that the Sharm has suffered considerable changes since the eighties. Between 1986 and 2000 the area of the Sharm has been decreased by about 800,000 m2, which represents an average annual loss of about 60,000 m2 due to filling processes. This loss is actually a loss of coral reef ecosystem and its particular habitat. Physical and chemical char-acteristics of sediments appear t...
Oceanologia, 2008
Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical p... more Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical processes in Sharm Al-Kharrar, a lagoon in the arid Red Sea region. Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from the area and their mud fraction analysed for grain size, OC, CaCO 3 , mineralogy and elemental composition. The mud fraction consisted of a mixture of siliciclastic/calcareous materials, dominated by silt size materials and characterised by low OC (average 0.71% ±0.13); CaCO 3 varied widely, with an average of 45% ±18. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba showed a wide range of variation throughout the Sharm. The results were normalised to Al and subjected to cluster analysis in order to examine the relations between the mineralogy and the elemental composition. The contents of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba appeared to be influenced by the mixing of the two end-members in addition to the physiochemical processes associated with the mixing between episodic freshwater flooding and seawater. Zn was the single element that showed a slight departure from the mixing model.
Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical p... more Interaction between continental and marine end-members gives rise to the natural biogeochemical processes in Sharm Al-Kharrar, a lagoon in the arid Red Sea region. Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from the area and their mud fraction analysed for grain size, OC, CaCO3, mineralogy and elemental composition. The mud fraction consisted of a mixture of siliciclastic/calcareous materials, dominated by silt size materials and characterised by low OC (average 0.71% ±0.13); CaCO3 varied widely, with an average of 45% ±18. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba showed a wide range of variation throughout the Sharm. The results were normalised to Al and subjected to cluster analysis in order to examine the relations between the mineralogy and the elemental composition. The contents of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ba appeared to be influenced by the mixing of the two end-members in addition to the physiochemical processes associated with the mixing between episo...
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-earth Sciences, 2010
Journal of King Abdulaziz University
Atmospheric dust contains harmful minute-sized minerals that may cause a remarkable environment e... more Atmospheric dust contains harmful minute-sized minerals that may cause a remarkable environment effect on marine life. The city of Jeddah expands drastically since the seventies and the dust content of harmful minerals increases. In this study fifty-two dust samples were collected at four locations using vertical dust trappers. Dust samples were analyzed for the major elements Al, Fe, Ca and Mg and the trace elements Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd. Some selected samples were analyzed for grain size distribution and mineralogical composition. Particles of the falling dust were mainly silty-sized and particle diameter increases in the direction of the prevailing wind indicating local mobilization. The mineralogical composition was dominated by quartz, plagioclase feldspars, calcite and gypsum. These minerals are widely present in the rock outcrops in the vicinity of the city. Results of major and trace elements show that trace elements particularly Cu and Zn were enriched in the dust p...
A sequential leaching technique has been used to characterize the solid state speciation of total... more A sequential leaching technique has been used to characterize the solid state speciation of total copper (~Cu) among a number of operationally defined host fractions in surface seawater particulates from the Atlantic Ocean, a diagenetically active hemipelagic sediment core from the eastern Mediterranean, a turbidite-rich sediment core from the Madeira Abyssal Plain and a series of 79 Atlantic Ocean surface or near surface sediments. Around 50% of the ~Cu in the surface water particulates is held in organic associations. When the material is deposited at the sediment surface, following its entry into the down-column carbon flux, the ~Cu undergoes phase transformations as the organic carriers are destroyed. However, some of the organically associated copper (Cus) is preserved in the sediments, the amount depending on the diagenetic environment of deposition. The relationship between ~Cu and organic carbon in an oceanic mediment may be masked, but the partitioning speciation data has shown that good correlations can be found between organic carbon and Cus. The concentration of Cu5 in Atlantic Ocean surface sediments is highest in hemipelagic (diagenetically active) sediments deposited in the marginal regions, and lowest in open-ocean (less diagenetically active) sediments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and ridge flanks. The marginal sediments contain an average of ~ 20% of their total Cu in an organic association, with the result that these sediments can act as traps for seawater-derived Cu that would normally be regarded as being 'reactive' in the marine environment. To a first approximation, the preservation of Cus in the sediments mimics that of primary production in the overlying waters, and so 'fingerprints' the operation of the global ocean carbon flux in oceanic deposits. However, the relationship can be perturbed by the off-shelf transport of organic-rich, Cus-containing, turbidites which can result in the transfer and burial of organic copper host fractions in open-ocean oxic environments.
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Earth Sciences, 1998
... diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43: 1075-1090. Ghazali, FM (1993) Effect of sewage poll... more ... diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43: 1075-1090. Ghazali, FM (1993) Effect of sewage pollution on the occurrence of zooplankton community at Al-Arbaeen and Al-Shabab lagoons in Jeddah region. M.Sc. Thesis, KAU ...
Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Marine Sciences, 2007
The concentration of alkaline earth elements (Ca, Mg, Ba and Sr) were measured in a Porites lutea... more The concentration of alkaline earth elements (Ca, Mg, Ba and Sr) were measured in a Porites lutea colony in an attempt to establish the vertical variation in their distribution and to determine relationship between the strontium and calcium ratio with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The results indicate that a good relationship exists between the Sr/Ca ratio and sea surface temperature independent of the ambient climate.
Journal of the Geological Society, 1994
The Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2011
... SAUDI ARABIA. Ramadan H. Abu-Zied 1 ,2 ,3 , Rashad A. Bantan 1 , Ali S. Basaham 1 , Mohamed H... more ... SAUDI ARABIA. Ramadan H. Abu-Zied 1 ,2 ,3 , Rashad A. Bantan 1 , Ali S. Basaham 1 , Mohamed H. El Mamoney 1 and Hamad A. Al-Washmi 1 ... of land). Its largest islands are Farasan Al-Kabir and Sajid (Bantan, 1999). The Farasan ...
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2002
Page 1. Intern. J. Environ. Studies, 2002, Vol. 59(1), pp. 1 ± 31 DISTRIBUTION AND GEOCHEMISTRY O... more Page 1. Intern. J. Environ. Studies, 2002, Vol. 59(1), pp. 1 ± 31 DISTRIBUTION AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN CENTRAL RED SEA COASTAL SEDIMENTS MOHAMED A. EL SAYEDa,*, ALI S. BASAHAMa and AMIN M. GHEITHb ...
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2014
ABSTRACT Sediment characteristics are the indicators of the intensity and geological history of t... more ABSTRACT Sediment characteristics are the indicators of the intensity and geological history of the processes active in an area. Their association with different geomorphic features also signifies the present day conditions of deposition. In this study, variations in sediment characteristics associated with different geomorphic features, such as the coastal zone, two islands and a lagoon in the Al-Lith area of central-west coast of Saudi Arabia have been analysed. Whereas, the detrital sediments (sand + mud) are common (61–87 %) in most of the subunits of the coastal zone; the nondetrital (carbonate rich) sediments are more common (54–95 %) on the two islands as well as the lagoon; indicating distinct sources of sediments in these regions. The variation of sediment texture between sand and sandy silt in most geomorphic units, also shows that they are exposed to high-energy conditions, whereas occurrence of heavy minerals in small proportions (<7 %) indicates limited inputs from land-based igneous and metamorphic rocks. Sediment mean size vs. standard deviation shows that the sediment characteristics of a geomorphic unit (e.g. beach or sand bar) on the coast and on the island are different owing to different processes responsible for their formation.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The initials of the 2 nd ... more The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The initials of the 2 nd and 3 rd authors were incorrect. The correct initials are shown here.