Christian Garland | King's College London (original) (raw)

Papers by Christian Garland

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2024) 'Critical Theory and ideology critique, the weapons of Marx to expose material reality as mystified unreality of the authoritarian and populist moment' in Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 80, no. 1–2 (2024): 73–94

In our present early Twenty-First Century epoch, in bold contradistinction with the 1989-91 end o... more In our present early Twenty-First Century epoch, in bold contradistinction with the 1989-91 end of the Cold War and subsequent reassurances of the 90s, that 'The End of History' 1 had arrived, the past decade has seen the rise of populism and authoritarian would-be leaders worldwide. Similarly, both nationalism and outright fascism have once again become credible threats, whilst 'the left' has largely failed to respond or offer feasible answers to multiplying social problems. This belated and misfiring reaction to capitalism in crisis, simply the year: 2008 will give all that is needed to explain what is being referred to. What has occupied the energies of substantial sections of populations angry at elites seemingly operating as usual and the same limited and fatally flawed system continuing as before. Those individuals and institutions who helped it teeter on the brink of terminal failure, were able to profit from this whilst populations suffered as states socialized debt making society pay with austerity measures. This left a power vacuum to which any adequate response was noticeably lacking. From 2016, and the date bookends the year in which populism and authoritarian leaders 'first appeared', the wave of similar populist reaction has continued globally. Part of this has been the contention over what constitutes 'the truth' and facts themselves and misinformation, disinformation and 'fake news' continue to persist as serious problems. The bigger issue it might be argued is the implication that these methods can be used to attain power, either political or in any other sphere: a secondary and no less alarming problem also covered by this essay. Explicating a materialist analysis of what exactly the problem and threats populism and authoritarianism embody, and 'where they came from', the essay is most heavily influenced by the dissident and unorthodox Marxism of the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute for Social Research). This paper takes as its subject the weapons of Marx and the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory to critically analyze the concept of Ideology Critique, and how Marx and Marxism remain the 'bad conscience of philosophy'. It also applies the concept of ideology critique to the unnerving predominance of right-wing and authoritarian narratives, still very much vying for political power in 2024.

https://www.publicacoesfacfil.pt/product.php?id_product=9344&fbclid=IwY2xjawEj

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2024) 'In inverse ratio to the duration of its expenditure ' compressing the wage relation into as few hours as possible: 'independent contactors', employees and zero-hours contracts'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland C. (2023) Book Chapter ‘Turning Sense into Nonsense and Nonsense into Sense: Critical Theory to Refuse the Fallacy of Populism’ pp.111-130 Chapter 6 in The Dialectics of Liberation in Dark Times: Marcuse's Thought in the Neoliberal Era (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan)

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2023) Pacifying the subject through the perpetuation of the - precarious - struggle for existence: Marcuse, labor and precarity

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2022) "Flexibility" and "Agility" Opening Panel: Comments on “Flexibility” / “Agility”

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2022) 'Flexibility' as Precarity/Precarity as 'Flexibility': The Neoliberal Ideological Mask and the Social Reality, 40 years of the 'Anglo-American Model' in the UK

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Leary, JP. Keywords: The New Language of Capitalism (Chicago: Haymarket Books) and Merrifield, A. Marx, Dead and Alive: Reading ‘Capital’ in Precarious Times (New York: Monthly Review Press) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

Marx and Philosophy Review of Books , 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, and the Myth of Endless Accumulation (London: Pluto Press) and Moore, P.V (2019) The Quantified Self in Precarity (London: Routledge) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

Marx and Philosophy Review of Books , 2021

Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, a... more Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, and the Myth of Endless Accumulation (London: Pluto Press) and Moore, P.V (2019) The Quantified Self in Precarity: Work, Technology, and What Counts (London: Routledge) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

https://marxandphilosophy.org.uk/reviews/19333_the-death-of-homo-economicus-work-debt-and-the-myth-of-endless-accumulation-by-peter-flemingthe-quantified-self-in-precarity-work-technology-and-what-counts-by-phoebe-v-moore-reviewed-by-ch/

Research paper thumbnail of Abdel-Samad, M. Boyle, M. Flanigan, S. Garland, C. Jefferson, T. Jeffrey, B. Maidhof, C. and Sotiropoulos, G. (2021) 'Legacies of Contention Revisiting the 2011 Protest Wave'

Contention: The Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Protest, 9(2): 49-63, 2021

Ten years ago, a seemingly titanic wave of contention swept the globe. This article reflects on h... more Ten years ago, a seemingly titanic wave of contention swept the globe. This article reflects on how the impact of a wave of contentious political action that is now a full decade old manifests today. These "legacies of contention"-the historically contingent impact of contentious episodes-can variably re-enforce, undermine, or depart substantially from the original focus of a given contentious episode, a sign of how difficult it can be to extrapolate from the causal impact of contentious politics in the near-run. Herein we discuss the fates of some of the 2011 contentious episodes, including Syria, Greece, Israel, England, and the United States.

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) 'Sublimated Slaves: Technological Rationality, the 'In-Built' Singular Purpose of Instrumental Servitude and (Over) Production in the Twenty-First Century'

Platform Capitalism and the Wasteland of Technological Neoliberalism Ninth Biennial Conference... more Platform Capitalism and the Wasteland of Technological Neoliberalism

Ninth Biennial Conference, International Herbert Marcuse Society Conference 2021
October 7-10 2021, Arizona State University, Phoenix

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SZb8qC9RwN1ety7o9Vqdjhnnu1DJNVGpHoGu8v6npd4/edit?fbclid=IwAR0LyGfbXWiFRfFc_P_eH99N9bgznphDDlpn64J2PSKpLiI-voclV1DUDWM

In the early-2020s, the hyper-acceleration of digital technologies in the advanced economies-but production long since off shored to 'Newly Industrializing' countries and what was once known as the 'Third World'-continuously displacing human labor, what remains of 'work' becomes fragments of insecure and erratic directed activity. Much of this directed activity is without purpose, and very often will be pointless: what the late David Graeber correctly identified as Bullshit Jobs.

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2020) "Changing Behaviour:" The Hierarchical and Bureaucratic Imperative of Instrumental Reason in the Corporatized University

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2020)  Chomsky, Noam (b.1928) and Anti-Imperialism

The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 2nd Edition eReference ISBN 978-3-030-29901-9 Print + eBook ISBN 978-3-030-29902-6 Print ISBN 978-3-030-29900-2 (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan), 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Turning Sense into Nonsense and Nonsense into Sense: Critical Theory to Refuse the Fallacy of Populism'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Universal Catastrophe – the ongoing crisis that is Universal Credit and welfare ‘conditionality’ '

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) Navigating the Scylla and Charybdis of Precarious Work: Through the Storm of Contingency

Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital , 2019

Chapter in Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital, Crisis in the 21... more Chapter in Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital, Crisis in the 21st Century: Cross-National Evidence (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan) Print ISBN 978-3-030-13638-3 Online ISBN 978-3-030-13639-0

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-13639-0

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Instead of the extensive amount of labour, its intensive amount increased: bogus ‘self-employment’ in the contemporary UK' in UnMediated (Journal of Politics and Communication) Issue 2.0 ‘Disruption’

UnMediated (Journal of Politics and Communication) Issue 2.0 ‘Disruption’, 2019

http://unmediatedjournal.com/about/

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Taking Back Control of Nothing: Elites Denouncing Elites to Mobilize Populism in the Service of Power - from NAFTA to Trump, Brexit, and the EU'

Fast Capitalism Vol 16 Issue 1, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'The Unfolding Welfare Crisis in the UK'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'Circumnavigating the past, foreclosing the future: commemoration of the radical past in the amnesiac present' in Discover Society DS60

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'It needn’t be true as long as it’s believable: manipulating data to strategize propaganda in the era of ‘alternative facts’ in Discover Society DS55

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2024) 'Critical Theory and ideology critique, the weapons of Marx to expose material reality as mystified unreality of the authoritarian and populist moment' in Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 80, no. 1–2 (2024): 73–94

In our present early Twenty-First Century epoch, in bold contradistinction with the 1989-91 end o... more In our present early Twenty-First Century epoch, in bold contradistinction with the 1989-91 end of the Cold War and subsequent reassurances of the 90s, that 'The End of History' 1 had arrived, the past decade has seen the rise of populism and authoritarian would-be leaders worldwide. Similarly, both nationalism and outright fascism have once again become credible threats, whilst 'the left' has largely failed to respond or offer feasible answers to multiplying social problems. This belated and misfiring reaction to capitalism in crisis, simply the year: 2008 will give all that is needed to explain what is being referred to. What has occupied the energies of substantial sections of populations angry at elites seemingly operating as usual and the same limited and fatally flawed system continuing as before. Those individuals and institutions who helped it teeter on the brink of terminal failure, were able to profit from this whilst populations suffered as states socialized debt making society pay with austerity measures. This left a power vacuum to which any adequate response was noticeably lacking. From 2016, and the date bookends the year in which populism and authoritarian leaders 'first appeared', the wave of similar populist reaction has continued globally. Part of this has been the contention over what constitutes 'the truth' and facts themselves and misinformation, disinformation and 'fake news' continue to persist as serious problems. The bigger issue it might be argued is the implication that these methods can be used to attain power, either political or in any other sphere: a secondary and no less alarming problem also covered by this essay. Explicating a materialist analysis of what exactly the problem and threats populism and authoritarianism embody, and 'where they came from', the essay is most heavily influenced by the dissident and unorthodox Marxism of the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute for Social Research). This paper takes as its subject the weapons of Marx and the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory to critically analyze the concept of Ideology Critique, and how Marx and Marxism remain the 'bad conscience of philosophy'. It also applies the concept of ideology critique to the unnerving predominance of right-wing and authoritarian narratives, still very much vying for political power in 2024.

https://www.publicacoesfacfil.pt/product.php?id_product=9344&fbclid=IwY2xjawEj

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2024) 'In inverse ratio to the duration of its expenditure ' compressing the wage relation into as few hours as possible: 'independent contactors', employees and zero-hours contracts'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland C. (2023) Book Chapter ‘Turning Sense into Nonsense and Nonsense into Sense: Critical Theory to Refuse the Fallacy of Populism’ pp.111-130 Chapter 6 in The Dialectics of Liberation in Dark Times: Marcuse's Thought in the Neoliberal Era (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan)

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2023) Pacifying the subject through the perpetuation of the - precarious - struggle for existence: Marcuse, labor and precarity

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2022) "Flexibility" and "Agility" Opening Panel: Comments on “Flexibility” / “Agility”

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2022) 'Flexibility' as Precarity/Precarity as 'Flexibility': The Neoliberal Ideological Mask and the Social Reality, 40 years of the 'Anglo-American Model' in the UK

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Leary, JP. Keywords: The New Language of Capitalism (Chicago: Haymarket Books) and Merrifield, A. Marx, Dead and Alive: Reading ‘Capital’ in Precarious Times (New York: Monthly Review Press) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

Marx and Philosophy Review of Books , 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, and the Myth of Endless Accumulation (London: Pluto Press) and Moore, P.V (2019) The Quantified Self in Precarity (London: Routledge) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

Marx and Philosophy Review of Books , 2021

Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, a... more Garland, C. (2021) Review essay of Fleming, P. (2017) The Death of Homo Economicus: Work, Debt, and the Myth of Endless Accumulation (London: Pluto Press) and Moore, P.V (2019) The Quantified Self in Precarity: Work, Technology, and What Counts (London: Routledge) in Marx & Philosophy Review of Books ISSN 2042-2016

https://marxandphilosophy.org.uk/reviews/19333_the-death-of-homo-economicus-work-debt-and-the-myth-of-endless-accumulation-by-peter-flemingthe-quantified-self-in-precarity-work-technology-and-what-counts-by-phoebe-v-moore-reviewed-by-ch/

Research paper thumbnail of Abdel-Samad, M. Boyle, M. Flanigan, S. Garland, C. Jefferson, T. Jeffrey, B. Maidhof, C. and Sotiropoulos, G. (2021) 'Legacies of Contention Revisiting the 2011 Protest Wave'

Contention: The Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Protest, 9(2): 49-63, 2021

Ten years ago, a seemingly titanic wave of contention swept the globe. This article reflects on h... more Ten years ago, a seemingly titanic wave of contention swept the globe. This article reflects on how the impact of a wave of contentious political action that is now a full decade old manifests today. These "legacies of contention"-the historically contingent impact of contentious episodes-can variably re-enforce, undermine, or depart substantially from the original focus of a given contentious episode, a sign of how difficult it can be to extrapolate from the causal impact of contentious politics in the near-run. Herein we discuss the fates of some of the 2011 contentious episodes, including Syria, Greece, Israel, England, and the United States.

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2021) 'Sublimated Slaves: Technological Rationality, the 'In-Built' Singular Purpose of Instrumental Servitude and (Over) Production in the Twenty-First Century'

Platform Capitalism and the Wasteland of Technological Neoliberalism Ninth Biennial Conference... more Platform Capitalism and the Wasteland of Technological Neoliberalism

Ninth Biennial Conference, International Herbert Marcuse Society Conference 2021
October 7-10 2021, Arizona State University, Phoenix

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SZb8qC9RwN1ety7o9Vqdjhnnu1DJNVGpHoGu8v6npd4/edit?fbclid=IwAR0LyGfbXWiFRfFc_P_eH99N9bgznphDDlpn64J2PSKpLiI-voclV1DUDWM

In the early-2020s, the hyper-acceleration of digital technologies in the advanced economies-but production long since off shored to 'Newly Industrializing' countries and what was once known as the 'Third World'-continuously displacing human labor, what remains of 'work' becomes fragments of insecure and erratic directed activity. Much of this directed activity is without purpose, and very often will be pointless: what the late David Graeber correctly identified as Bullshit Jobs.

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2020) "Changing Behaviour:" The Hierarchical and Bureaucratic Imperative of Instrumental Reason in the Corporatized University

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2020)  Chomsky, Noam (b.1928) and Anti-Imperialism

The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 2nd Edition eReference ISBN 978-3-030-29901-9 Print + eBook ISBN 978-3-030-29902-6 Print ISBN 978-3-030-29900-2 (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan), 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Turning Sense into Nonsense and Nonsense into Sense: Critical Theory to Refuse the Fallacy of Populism'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Universal Catastrophe – the ongoing crisis that is Universal Credit and welfare ‘conditionality’ '

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) Navigating the Scylla and Charybdis of Precarious Work: Through the Storm of Contingency

Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital , 2019

Chapter in Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital, Crisis in the 21... more Chapter in Confronting Capital in the 21st Century: Lessons from Marx’s Capital, Crisis in the 21st Century: Cross-National Evidence (London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan) Print ISBN 978-3-030-13638-3 Online ISBN 978-3-030-13639-0

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-13639-0

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Instead of the extensive amount of labour, its intensive amount increased: bogus ‘self-employment’ in the contemporary UK' in UnMediated (Journal of Politics and Communication) Issue 2.0 ‘Disruption’

UnMediated (Journal of Politics and Communication) Issue 2.0 ‘Disruption’, 2019

http://unmediatedjournal.com/about/

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2019) 'Taking Back Control of Nothing: Elites Denouncing Elites to Mobilize Populism in the Service of Power - from NAFTA to Trump, Brexit, and the EU'

Fast Capitalism Vol 16 Issue 1, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'The Unfolding Welfare Crisis in the UK'

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'Circumnavigating the past, foreclosing the future: commemoration of the radical past in the amnesiac present' in Discover Society DS60

Research paper thumbnail of Garland, C. (2018) 'It needn’t be true as long as it’s believable: manipulating data to strategize propaganda in the era of ‘alternative facts’ in Discover Society DS55