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Papers by TC Chan
Abstract: This study compared the professional expectations of graduate students in speech and la... more Abstract: This study compared the professional expectations of graduate students in speech and language pathology (SLP) with the employment realities offered by the profession. A total of 89 graduate students enrolled in the SLP program at Valdosta State University ( ...
This study is focused on investigating the educational finance practices in China through the per... more This study is focused on investigating the educational finance practices in China through the perceptions of educators in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, China. A convenience sampling method was used in collecting data from 57 teachers and 23 school administrators. A survey questionnaire was developed to contain 16 open-ended questions to cover the following areas of educational finance: sources of revenue, items of expenditure, budget process, auditing system and equity issues. Analysis of the data indicated that 60% of the educational revenues were generated by provincial taxes. Major education expenditure items include educational facilities and personnel employment with sizable disparity. Results also showed that educational budget and audit processes were primitive.
While teacher mentoring programs are highly recommended to support new teacher graduates, not all... more While teacher mentoring programs are highly recommended to support new teacher graduates, not all states require teacher mentoring. Other professions such as medicine and law require supervision under the tutelage of a mentor. With the need to ensure teacher quality to effect higher student achievement, most teacher preparation programs place teachers in residencies and practicums before students graduate; few follow up with graduates to ensure teachers have required competencies as they transition into teaching.
Because of increased pressure for educational improvement, school principals have assumed new rol... more Because of increased pressure for educational improvement, school principals have assumed new roles and responsibilities in school administration. Thus, principals have to prioritize their job responsibilities and allocate their time accordingly. This study investigates the importance school principals assign to their various job responsibilities and the proportion of time they devote to carrying them out. The aim of the study was to discover discrepancies between principals' priorities and their realities, probe reasons for these differences, and identify steps and strategies principals can use to bring the two more into alignment. Results showed that many principals spend a large amount of time performing routine management-type activities, often unpredicted and of short duration, plus "putting out fires." Student interaction and discipline also take up much time, as do budgetary difficulties. Keeping up-to-date as a professional was commonly ranked as a low priority...
The purpose of this study was to examine principals' perception on what beginning teachers can do... more The purpose of this study was to examine principals' perception on what beginning teachers can do to ensure success in schools and what principals can do to assist them. Principals claimed that they assisted beginning teachers in mentoring, supervision, and performance evaluation. They advised beginning teachers for successful practices in effective teaching strategies, working with diverse learners, interacting with parents and guardians, handling disciplinary issues, confidentiality of student information, and continuing professional development.
Journal of School Public Relations
This study was designed to investigate school principals' perceptions on scho... more This study was designed to investigate school principals' perceptions on school public relations in five areas: community demographics, parental involvement, internal and external communications, school council issues, and community resources. Findings indicated that principals' concerns were as follows: rapid population growth, change of community demographics, status of school-community relationships, insufficient parental support of education, communication with parents, and school council
The difficulties involved in the transition for students leaving elementary school, where there t... more The difficulties involved in the transition for students leaving elementary school, where there typically exists little departmentalization, to the middle school, where departmentalization is the primary structure, have often been noted by scholars. While some studies cited in this work indicated a decrease in student achievement with the implementation of departmentalization, this approach should not be categorically rejected. In this
This paper documents a study that investigated the perceptions of assistant principals regarding ... more This paper documents a study that investigated the perceptions of assistant principals regarding their preparation for principalship. The primary contribution of the study is to provide answers to questions concerning the issues of principal shortages since assistant principalship serves as the training ground for principalship. Data for the study were collected from a review of the literature and from a survey of 130 randomly selected assistant principals of elementary, middle, and high schools. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance to determine if demographic factors contributed to differences in assistant principals' perceptions. Overall, the findings show that not all assistant principals aspire to the principalship. Most of those who aspired to be principals were male and in the beginning years of their assistant principalship. Many, however, confessed they lacked the experience needed to be principals. Further results of the study reveal that most assistant principals do not have sufficient on-the-job training to prepare them to be school principals.
Kuram Ve Uygulamada Egitim Yonetimi, 2009
The preservation of school safety should be a primary commitment of all educators. This paper pre... more The preservation of school safety should be a primary commitment of all educators. This paper presents findings of a study that examined school facility safety in 27 Georgia schools. Data were gathered from a survey of 9 elementary, 11 middle, and 7 high schools in south Georgia. The surveys elicited information related to both school-site safety and school-building safety. Respondents assessed the condition of their school buildings with a school-building evaluation instrument. The data show a significant relationship at the .05 level between school safety and school-building age for the middle schools. The relationship between the school-building safety score and school-building age was found to be statistically significant for-middle and-elementary schools at the .10 level. The general rating for school-facility safety was above average, except in areas such as corridors, parking lots, and playgrounds. Four tables are included. (Contains 8 references.) (LMI) *
Online Submission, Oct 1, 2011
Principal, 2004
... and science. The self-contained classroom organization is predicated on the assumption that a... more ... and science. The self-contained classroom organization is predicated on the assumption that an elementary school teacher is a Jack (or Jill)-of-all-trades who is equally strong in all areas of the elementary curriculum. Yet we ...
School Business Affairs, 2002
Inonu Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009
The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of 50 of the nation's best school super... more The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of 50 of the nation's best school superintendents to gain insight into their success. Researchers used a self-designed instrument, containing 38 quantifiable items in 5 sections: (1) the superintendent's background; (2) the superintendent's school district; (3) the superintendent's role; (4) the superintendent and his or her school board; and (5) the superintendent's leadership perspective. Surveys were sent to 50 superintendents. Responses indicate that more 77 percent had served as school principals at some point in their careers. No superintendent reported that he or she worked 40 or fewer hours; more than 85 percent worked 50 hours or more a week. Surprisingly, only 19 percent indicated daily symptoms of stress related to their jobs. More than 40 percent of the superintendents who needed to learn about school board/superintendent relationships went to the board chair, mostly using the telephone as their primary mode of communication with their boards. Seventy-five percent indicated that the majority of their role was that of leadership rather than management. All responding superintendents rated their own overall performance as educational leaders as either exemplary (45.8 percent) or good (54.2 percent). (Contains 14 references.)
Journal of School Business Management, 2002
Aasa Journal of Scholarship Practice, 2006
Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. Her research focuses on parent involvement, par... more Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. Her research focuses on parent involvement, particularly with early literacy efforts. John L. Klotz serves as associate professor at the University of Central Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. His research focuses on expectancy theory and leadership.
Online Submission, 2013
The primary goal of this study is to examine green environmental practices exercised in maintaini... more The primary goal of this study is to examine green environmental practices exercised in maintaining healthy schools in Atlanta. A forty item researcher developed instrument was used to survey 30 randomly sampled schools in Atlanta area. Five schools particularly strong in green environment implementation were visited to observe their green school operation. Results of the study indicated that Atlanta schools in general earned a "fair" grade in implementing green school programs with weaknesses in green school leadership. Analysis did not find any relationship between green school implementation and school building age, school ethnicity and socioeconomic status of school communities.
Abstract: This study compared the professional expectations of graduate students in speech and la... more Abstract: This study compared the professional expectations of graduate students in speech and language pathology (SLP) with the employment realities offered by the profession. A total of 89 graduate students enrolled in the SLP program at Valdosta State University ( ...
This study is focused on investigating the educational finance practices in China through the per... more This study is focused on investigating the educational finance practices in China through the perceptions of educators in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, China. A convenience sampling method was used in collecting data from 57 teachers and 23 school administrators. A survey questionnaire was developed to contain 16 open-ended questions to cover the following areas of educational finance: sources of revenue, items of expenditure, budget process, auditing system and equity issues. Analysis of the data indicated that 60% of the educational revenues were generated by provincial taxes. Major education expenditure items include educational facilities and personnel employment with sizable disparity. Results also showed that educational budget and audit processes were primitive.
While teacher mentoring programs are highly recommended to support new teacher graduates, not all... more While teacher mentoring programs are highly recommended to support new teacher graduates, not all states require teacher mentoring. Other professions such as medicine and law require supervision under the tutelage of a mentor. With the need to ensure teacher quality to effect higher student achievement, most teacher preparation programs place teachers in residencies and practicums before students graduate; few follow up with graduates to ensure teachers have required competencies as they transition into teaching.
Because of increased pressure for educational improvement, school principals have assumed new rol... more Because of increased pressure for educational improvement, school principals have assumed new roles and responsibilities in school administration. Thus, principals have to prioritize their job responsibilities and allocate their time accordingly. This study investigates the importance school principals assign to their various job responsibilities and the proportion of time they devote to carrying them out. The aim of the study was to discover discrepancies between principals' priorities and their realities, probe reasons for these differences, and identify steps and strategies principals can use to bring the two more into alignment. Results showed that many principals spend a large amount of time performing routine management-type activities, often unpredicted and of short duration, plus "putting out fires." Student interaction and discipline also take up much time, as do budgetary difficulties. Keeping up-to-date as a professional was commonly ranked as a low priority...
The purpose of this study was to examine principals' perception on what beginning teachers can do... more The purpose of this study was to examine principals' perception on what beginning teachers can do to ensure success in schools and what principals can do to assist them. Principals claimed that they assisted beginning teachers in mentoring, supervision, and performance evaluation. They advised beginning teachers for successful practices in effective teaching strategies, working with diverse learners, interacting with parents and guardians, handling disciplinary issues, confidentiality of student information, and continuing professional development.
Journal of School Public Relations
This study was designed to investigate school principals' perceptions on scho... more This study was designed to investigate school principals' perceptions on school public relations in five areas: community demographics, parental involvement, internal and external communications, school council issues, and community resources. Findings indicated that principals' concerns were as follows: rapid population growth, change of community demographics, status of school-community relationships, insufficient parental support of education, communication with parents, and school council
The difficulties involved in the transition for students leaving elementary school, where there t... more The difficulties involved in the transition for students leaving elementary school, where there typically exists little departmentalization, to the middle school, where departmentalization is the primary structure, have often been noted by scholars. While some studies cited in this work indicated a decrease in student achievement with the implementation of departmentalization, this approach should not be categorically rejected. In this
This paper documents a study that investigated the perceptions of assistant principals regarding ... more This paper documents a study that investigated the perceptions of assistant principals regarding their preparation for principalship. The primary contribution of the study is to provide answers to questions concerning the issues of principal shortages since assistant principalship serves as the training ground for principalship. Data for the study were collected from a review of the literature and from a survey of 130 randomly selected assistant principals of elementary, middle, and high schools. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance to determine if demographic factors contributed to differences in assistant principals' perceptions. Overall, the findings show that not all assistant principals aspire to the principalship. Most of those who aspired to be principals were male and in the beginning years of their assistant principalship. Many, however, confessed they lacked the experience needed to be principals. Further results of the study reveal that most assistant principals do not have sufficient on-the-job training to prepare them to be school principals.
Kuram Ve Uygulamada Egitim Yonetimi, 2009
The preservation of school safety should be a primary commitment of all educators. This paper pre... more The preservation of school safety should be a primary commitment of all educators. This paper presents findings of a study that examined school facility safety in 27 Georgia schools. Data were gathered from a survey of 9 elementary, 11 middle, and 7 high schools in south Georgia. The surveys elicited information related to both school-site safety and school-building safety. Respondents assessed the condition of their school buildings with a school-building evaluation instrument. The data show a significant relationship at the .05 level between school safety and school-building age for the middle schools. The relationship between the school-building safety score and school-building age was found to be statistically significant for-middle and-elementary schools at the .10 level. The general rating for school-facility safety was above average, except in areas such as corridors, parking lots, and playgrounds. Four tables are included. (Contains 8 references.) (LMI) *
Online Submission, Oct 1, 2011
Principal, 2004
... and science. The self-contained classroom organization is predicated on the assumption that a... more ... and science. The self-contained classroom organization is predicated on the assumption that an elementary school teacher is a Jack (or Jill)-of-all-trades who is equally strong in all areas of the elementary curriculum. Yet we ...
School Business Affairs, 2002
Inonu Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009
The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of 50 of the nation's best school super... more The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of 50 of the nation's best school superintendents to gain insight into their success. Researchers used a self-designed instrument, containing 38 quantifiable items in 5 sections: (1) the superintendent's background; (2) the superintendent's school district; (3) the superintendent's role; (4) the superintendent and his or her school board; and (5) the superintendent's leadership perspective. Surveys were sent to 50 superintendents. Responses indicate that more 77 percent had served as school principals at some point in their careers. No superintendent reported that he or she worked 40 or fewer hours; more than 85 percent worked 50 hours or more a week. Surprisingly, only 19 percent indicated daily symptoms of stress related to their jobs. More than 40 percent of the superintendents who needed to learn about school board/superintendent relationships went to the board chair, mostly using the telephone as their primary mode of communication with their boards. Seventy-five percent indicated that the majority of their role was that of leadership rather than management. All responding superintendents rated their own overall performance as educational leaders as either exemplary (45.8 percent) or good (54.2 percent). (Contains 14 references.)
Journal of School Business Management, 2002
Aasa Journal of Scholarship Practice, 2006
Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. Her research focuses on parent involvement, par... more Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. Her research focuses on parent involvement, particularly with early literacy efforts. John L. Klotz serves as associate professor at the University of Central Arkansas in the Department of Leadership Studies. His research focuses on expectancy theory and leadership.
Online Submission, 2013
The primary goal of this study is to examine green environmental practices exercised in maintaini... more The primary goal of this study is to examine green environmental practices exercised in maintaining healthy schools in Atlanta. A forty item researcher developed instrument was used to survey 30 randomly sampled schools in Atlanta area. Five schools particularly strong in green environment implementation were visited to observe their green school operation. Results of the study indicated that Atlanta schools in general earned a "fair" grade in implementing green school programs with weaknesses in green school leadership. Analysis did not find any relationship between green school implementation and school building age, school ethnicity and socioeconomic status of school communities.
Educational Facility Planner, 2000