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Research paper thumbnail of Alteration of the Condylar Oral Bone in Obese and Gastric Bypass Mice

Calcified Tissue International, 2020

Obesity is the main cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) sur... more Obesity is the main cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an effective treatment for this obesity-related health problem. However, the adverse effects of T2DM on bone tissue persist or even aggravate after this surgical procedure. As studies on the mandibular condyle bone are scarce, the aim of the present study was to assess its compositional characteristics in T2DM and RYGB conditions. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly assigned to receive either a high-fat or low-fat diet. After 14 weeks of high-fat diet intake, seven obese mice were subjected to RYGB surgery. All animals were euthanized at the age of 30 weeks. Mandibular bones were removed and the trabecular condyle region was assessed using Raman spectroscopy. A decreased mineralization was observed for both T2DM and RYGB condyle bones when compared to controls, with elevated carbonate substitutions for the RYGB group. No compositional differences in cryst...

Research paper thumbnail of Visibility, location, and morphology of the primary maxillary sinus ostium and presence of accessory ostia: a retrospective analysis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Clinical Oral Investigations, 2019

Objectives This retrospective study evaluated the visibility, location, and morphology of the pri... more Objectives This retrospective study evaluated the visibility, location, and morphology of the primary maxillary ostium (PMO), as well as the presence and number of accessory maxillary ostia (AMO) in the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods CBCT scans with a large field of view with both maxillary sinuses entirely visible, acquired from February 2016 to February 2018, were initially screened. Patients were included if there was no history of surgical intervention/trauma in the sinus region. Two observers evaluated the CBCTs for PMO and AMOs independently. PMO and AMOs were evaluated in axial, coronal, and sagittal CBCT views. In case of disagreement, a third observer served as a referee. The findings were correlated with age, gender, condition of the sinus mucosa, and status of the dentition to assess for potential influencing factors. Results A total of 184 patients (368 maxillary sinuses) were included. PMO was present and patent in 346 (94.0%) of the 368 analyzed sinuses. Most of the PMOs were located above the attachment of and in the middle third of the inferior turbinate (76.1%) and exhibited a slit shape (71.1%). An AMO was present in 167 (45.5%) of the 368 analyzed sinuses, and 66 (17.9%) sinuses had multiple AMOs. Gender and sinus mucosa morphology were found to be influencing factors for the patency of the PMO. Furthermore, gender seems to be influencing the presence of an AMO. Conclusions Most of the analyzed maxillary sinus cavities in the present population had a patent PMO. Being male and having morphological changes of the sinus mucosa were factors associated with a reduced prevalence of a patent PMO. Clinical relevance A maxillary sinus with pathological findings of the mucosa seems to have a reduced prevalence of patent PMOs. Therefore, clinicians should take care to assess any clinical and radiographical sign indicating a potential maxillary sinusitis prior to surgical interventions in this region, especially in cases with planned sinus floor elevation.

Research paper thumbnail of Facts and Fallacies of Radiation Risk in Dental Radiology

Intra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken inside the mouth) 4 Extra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken out... more Intra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken inside the mouth) 4 Extra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken outside the body/mouth) 5 2 What is radiation ? 8 Radiation dose 9 Radiation in dentistry 3 Radiation dose protection in Dentistry 2 Children and radiation Pregnancy and radiation Elderly and radiation Patient protection measures Safety and quality control 4 FAQs Are dental X-rays really necessary and safe ? How often are dental X-rays recommended for adults and children ? If I refuse to take X-rays, can I still be treated without them ? Instead of taking X-rays now, can you use the X-rays from my previous dentist ? How can I protect myself from radiation during X-ray taking ? How safe are dental X-rays during pregnancy ? Can radiation affect my child during breastfeeding ? Why do I stay alone in the room when X-rays are recorded ? Who owns my dental radiograph ? Why does my dentist need to retake an image ? How safe are dental X-rays ?

Research paper thumbnail of Alteration of the Condylar Oral Bone in Obese and Gastric Bypass Mice

Calcified Tissue International, 2020

Obesity is the main cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) sur... more Obesity is the main cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an effective treatment for this obesity-related health problem. However, the adverse effects of T2DM on bone tissue persist or even aggravate after this surgical procedure. As studies on the mandibular condyle bone are scarce, the aim of the present study was to assess its compositional characteristics in T2DM and RYGB conditions. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly assigned to receive either a high-fat or low-fat diet. After 14 weeks of high-fat diet intake, seven obese mice were subjected to RYGB surgery. All animals were euthanized at the age of 30 weeks. Mandibular bones were removed and the trabecular condyle region was assessed using Raman spectroscopy. A decreased mineralization was observed for both T2DM and RYGB condyle bones when compared to controls, with elevated carbonate substitutions for the RYGB group. No compositional differences in cryst...

Research paper thumbnail of Visibility, location, and morphology of the primary maxillary sinus ostium and presence of accessory ostia: a retrospective analysis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Clinical Oral Investigations, 2019

Objectives This retrospective study evaluated the visibility, location, and morphology of the pri... more Objectives This retrospective study evaluated the visibility, location, and morphology of the primary maxillary ostium (PMO), as well as the presence and number of accessory maxillary ostia (AMO) in the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods CBCT scans with a large field of view with both maxillary sinuses entirely visible, acquired from February 2016 to February 2018, were initially screened. Patients were included if there was no history of surgical intervention/trauma in the sinus region. Two observers evaluated the CBCTs for PMO and AMOs independently. PMO and AMOs were evaluated in axial, coronal, and sagittal CBCT views. In case of disagreement, a third observer served as a referee. The findings were correlated with age, gender, condition of the sinus mucosa, and status of the dentition to assess for potential influencing factors. Results A total of 184 patients (368 maxillary sinuses) were included. PMO was present and patent in 346 (94.0%) of the 368 analyzed sinuses. Most of the PMOs were located above the attachment of and in the middle third of the inferior turbinate (76.1%) and exhibited a slit shape (71.1%). An AMO was present in 167 (45.5%) of the 368 analyzed sinuses, and 66 (17.9%) sinuses had multiple AMOs. Gender and sinus mucosa morphology were found to be influencing factors for the patency of the PMO. Furthermore, gender seems to be influencing the presence of an AMO. Conclusions Most of the analyzed maxillary sinus cavities in the present population had a patent PMO. Being male and having morphological changes of the sinus mucosa were factors associated with a reduced prevalence of a patent PMO. Clinical relevance A maxillary sinus with pathological findings of the mucosa seems to have a reduced prevalence of patent PMOs. Therefore, clinicians should take care to assess any clinical and radiographical sign indicating a potential maxillary sinusitis prior to surgical interventions in this region, especially in cases with planned sinus floor elevation.

Research paper thumbnail of Facts and Fallacies of Radiation Risk in Dental Radiology

Intra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken inside the mouth) 4 Extra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken out... more Intra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken inside the mouth) 4 Extra-oral radiographs (X-rays taken outside the body/mouth) 5 2 What is radiation ? 8 Radiation dose 9 Radiation in dentistry 3 Radiation dose protection in Dentistry 2 Children and radiation Pregnancy and radiation Elderly and radiation Patient protection measures Safety and quality control 4 FAQs Are dental X-rays really necessary and safe ? How often are dental X-rays recommended for adults and children ? If I refuse to take X-rays, can I still be treated without them ? Instead of taking X-rays now, can you use the X-rays from my previous dentist ? How can I protect myself from radiation during X-ray taking ? How safe are dental X-rays during pregnancy ? Can radiation affect my child during breastfeeding ? Why do I stay alone in the room when X-rays are recorded ? Who owns my dental radiograph ? Why does my dentist need to retake an image ? How safe are dental X-rays ?