Richa Yadav | King George's Medical University (original) (raw)
Papers by Richa Yadav
Journal of Contemporary Clinical Practice , 2024
Introduction: The HDP-Gestosis score is an innovative risk assessment tool designed to predict t... more Introduction: The HDP-Gestosis score is an innovative risk assessment tool designed to predict the likelihood of
pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Individuals scoring three or more on this scale are categorized as "at risk,"
enabling early identification of potential complications. Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of the
HDP-Gestosis score in predicting pre-eclampsia by evaluating its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value
(PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) & overall diagnostic accuracy. Methods: This prospective study, conducted
from June 2022 to June 2024, involved 210 pregnant women enrolled from the Obstetrics & Gynecology
Department. Participants were evaluated for pre-eclampsia onset after 20 weeks of gestation. The Gestosis score
was calculated for each participant, with a cutoff score of ≥3 used to classify individuals as at risk. Statistical
analyses were performed to determine the tool's predictive performance. Results: The study population had a
mean age of 27.36 ± 4.60 years. The HDP-Gestosis score demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.3%, specificity of 77.2%,
PPV of 81.1%, NPV of 71.7%, & an overall diagnostic accuracy of 76.7% in predicting pre-eclampsia. Conclusion:
The HDP-Gestosis score proves to be a practical & effective tool for the early identification of pre-eclampsia,
particularly in outpatient settings with limited resources. Its simplicity & applicability make it an ideal choice for
use in areas with minimal healthcare infrastructure or specialized training.
Journal of family medicine and primary care , 2023
Background: People with mental illnesses commonly experience stigma, discrimination, and prejudic... more Background: People with mental illnesses commonly experience stigma, discrimination, and prejudice from the general public and medical professionals around the world. Numerous research has looked into the unfavourable perceptions that medical students have of those who suffer from mental illness. Objective: The objective was to study the attitude of undergraduate medical students towards patients with psychiatric illnesses. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate medical students who were exposed (n = 69) to 2-week psychiatry posting and attended lectures and those who were not exposed (n = 163) to psychiatry training using self-reported Attitude Scale for Mental Illness (ASMI) questionnaire via Google form distributed among medical students. Results: The findings indicate there is no change in attitude toward the patient with psychiatric illness after exposure to psychiatry training among medical students. However, urban residence and female gender were the factors found to be influencing students' attitudes towards patients with psychiatric illnesses. Conclusions: There was no change in attitude towards patients with psychiatric illness after psychiatry exposure. Students belonging to urban domicile and female students showed more sympathetic attitudes toward those with mental illnesses.
International Journal of Medical Science And Diagnosis Research, Oct 30, 2019
Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour pre... more Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour prediction.
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nov 26, 2019
Preterm birth defined as any delivery at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation (< 259 days). ... more Preterm birth defined as any delivery at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation (< 259 days). The lower limit of viability being generally accepted to be at 23 completed weeks. Preterm birth is a heterogeneous condition; up to 30-40% of all cases of preterm birth are the results of elective delivery for a maternal or a fetal complication. The remaining 60-70% of preterm birth is probably the result of covert or sub-clinical infective/ inflammatory processes, cervical dysfunction, idiopathic (unknown causes), multiple gestations and possible social, nutritional and environment interaction. 1 This report focuses on this latter group of so-called, spontaneous preterm births. The diagnosis of preterm labour which precedes preterm delivery has been traditionally based on clinical indicators, including a history of preterm birth, symptoms and clinical examination. Progesterone is essential for maintenance of pregnancy and promote uterine relaxation
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs...
Indian journal of medical and health sciences, 2020
Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high, alone accounting for a fifth of total glob... more Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high,
alone accounting for a fifth of total global burden.3
By providing effective emergency obstetrical care and
referral system, maternal mortality and morbidity
can be reduced.
Material and Method: This is retrospective
descriptive study, conducted with analysis of
routinely collected data for the period of 6 months,
this study was conducted at district hospital, Bahraich
which is 300 bedded tertiary level health facility.
Result: A total of 5443 women were admitted
for delivery over a period of 6 months. Out of total
admitted women 139 were referred to higher centre,
the referral rate was 2.55%. Among the deliveries
conducted at the DH, vaginal delivery account for
78.997% of total delivered patients, 21.003% women
delivered by cesarean section. Anemia is the most
common cause of referrals which is 21.58% of total
referred women. Eclampsia/severe preeclampsia is
2nd most common cause of referral (16.55% of total
referral). Large number of patients 38.13% were
coming from a distance of more than 20 km but
within 50 km. 14.39% of total referred women were
travelling a distance of 50–100 km to come to the
DH. 22.30% women were conscious but having
unstable vitals at the time of admission. 12.23%
(17 out of 139) women were unconscious with low
GCS scale.
Conclusion: This study highlights the deficiency
human resources, infrastructure and equipment at
district hospital level hampering the provision of
EmOC. If these issues are adequately addressed, it
would greatly enhance health facility for providing
EmOC
Indian journal of medical and health sciences, 2020
Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high, alone accounting for a fifth of total glob... more Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high,
alone accounting for a fifth of total global burden.3
By providing effective emergency obstetrical care and
referral system, maternal mortality and morbidity
can be reduced.
Material and Method: This is retrospective
descriptive study, conducted with analysis of
routinely collected data for the period of 6 months,
this study was conducted at district hospital, Bahraich
which is 300 bedded tertiary level health facility.
Result: A total of 5443 women were admitted
for delivery over a period of 6 months. Out of total
admitted women 139 were referred to higher centre,
the referral rate was 2.55%. Among the deliveries
conducted at the DH, vaginal delivery account for
78.997% of total delivered patients, 21.003% women
delivered by cesarean section. Anemia is the most
common cause of referrals which is 21.58% of total
referred women. Eclampsia/severe preeclampsia is
2nd most common cause of referral (16.55% of total
referral). Large number of patients 38.13% were
coming from a distance of more than 20 km but
within 50 km. 14.39% of total referred women were
travelling a distance of 50–100 km to come to the
DH. 22.30% women were conscious but having
unstable vitals at the time of admission. 12.23%
(17 out of 139) women were unconscious with low
GCS scale.
Conclusion: This study highlights the deficiency
human resources, infrastructure and equipment at
district hospital level hampering the provision of
EmOC. If these issues are adequately addressed, it
would greatly enhance health facility for providing
EmOC.
Keywords: Referrals; EmOC; ANC Care.
International journal of scientific research, 2020
Introduction: Prevalence of HIV infection in the pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic (ANC) ... more Introduction: Prevalence of HIV infection in the pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic (ANC) in socio-economic backward areas are high.
The adult HIV prevalence at national level has continued its steady decline but the socioeconomically backward areas are still showing the
inclining trends.
Material And Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based descriptive study which includes 1996 pregnant women, attending antenatal clinic
(ANC) of ASMC&ATHs, Bahraich. Data was collected from ICTC centre and PPTCT centre of medical college with assurance that data collected
only for research purpose and complete condentiality will be maintained.
Results: Out of 1996 pregnant women, 9 were found to be seropositive for HIVtest. Among the study subjects majority were in the age group of 26-
30 years (84.61%) followed by Group-I (7.16%), III (6.16) & IV (2.05%) respectively. About 56.76% rural and 43.23% urban population were
detected on study subjects.
Conclusion: The reproductive age groups are more prone to HIV infection. Proper knowledge about HIV testing and mode of transmission along
with the major contraceptive precautions should be imparted to teenagers. There is requirement of well trained staff, counselor and ANC worker to
control the HIVdissemination through properly guiding about the safer sex to the women attending ANC.
International journal of reproduction contraception obstetrics and gynecology, 2019
Background: This prospective research was designed to evaluate changes in levels of salivary Estr... more Background: This prospective research was designed to evaluate changes in levels of salivary Estriol and Progesterone in preterm labor in comparison to normal pregnancy. Spontaneous onset of labor at term is produced by definite increase in estriol and fall in progesterone. This rise in free estrogen should precede the onset of labor according with the known effect of estrogen and progesterone on myometrial activity. Concentration of steroid in saliva reflect unbound unconjugated and biologically active fraction.
Methods: The present study was carried for duration of one year enrolling 115 antenatal women between 28 and < 37 weeks of gestation with or without labour pains attending the antenatal clinic in KGMU, Lucknow and those admitted in Queen Mary’s Hospital Lucknow. 5 ml of saliva was collected in cryovials from each patient to estimate estriol and progesterone. The estimation of saliva progesterone and estriol was done by immunoenzymatic colorimetric method of the supernatant of sample.
Results: In our study mean value of saliva progesterone levels of pregnant women with preterm delivery (study group IIA) was lower than the control group (Group l) but the difference was not significant (3814.46±751.14 pg/ml versus 3945.16±577.11 pg/ml, p = 0.351). Mean value of estriol study group who delivered preterm (3512.85±586.16 pg/ml) was higher as compared to the mean value of control group (2691.72±681.08 pg/ml) and difference was significant (p value < 0.001).
Conclusions: Thus, there is significant rise in level of saliva estriol, it can be used as a predictor for detecting symptomatic and asymptomatic women at risk for preterm birth.
International journal of medical science and diagnosis research, 2019
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm... more Abstract:
Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour prediction.
Study design: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry, King George
Medical University, Lucknow. Study was done over one year.
Material & Methods: Antenatal women were enrolled between 28 and <37 weeks of gestation with labour pains or without
labour pains attending the antenatal clinic and those admitted in Queen Mary’s Hospital, Lucknow. From each patient 5 ml
of saliva was collected in cryo-vials to estimate Estriol and Progesterone by Immunoenzymatic colorimetric method of the
supernatant of salivary sample.
Results: In study group mean value (0.84+0.26) of Estriol to Progesterone ratio in gestation age of <32 weeks was
significantly higher that mean value (0.65+0.18) of control group. Mean value of estriol to progesterone ratio in gestational
age group of 32-35 weeks in study group was 0.93+0.13 also significantly higher than the mean value of control group
(0.65 0.18 ). The p value 0.027 is statistically significant.
Conclusion: Thus, salivary estriol/progesterone ratio can be used as a predictor for detecting symptomatic and
asymptomatic women at risk for preterm
International journal of research in medical science, 2020
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date
there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include
regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.
Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs)
of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.
Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about
COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were
confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary
measures.
Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards
COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for
encouraging an optimistic attitude and maintaining safe practices
Journal of Contemporary Clinical Practice , 2024
Introduction: The HDP-Gestosis score is an innovative risk assessment tool designed to predict t... more Introduction: The HDP-Gestosis score is an innovative risk assessment tool designed to predict the likelihood of
pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Individuals scoring three or more on this scale are categorized as "at risk,"
enabling early identification of potential complications. Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of the
HDP-Gestosis score in predicting pre-eclampsia by evaluating its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value
(PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) & overall diagnostic accuracy. Methods: This prospective study, conducted
from June 2022 to June 2024, involved 210 pregnant women enrolled from the Obstetrics & Gynecology
Department. Participants were evaluated for pre-eclampsia onset after 20 weeks of gestation. The Gestosis score
was calculated for each participant, with a cutoff score of ≥3 used to classify individuals as at risk. Statistical
analyses were performed to determine the tool's predictive performance. Results: The study population had a
mean age of 27.36 ± 4.60 years. The HDP-Gestosis score demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.3%, specificity of 77.2%,
PPV of 81.1%, NPV of 71.7%, & an overall diagnostic accuracy of 76.7% in predicting pre-eclampsia. Conclusion:
The HDP-Gestosis score proves to be a practical & effective tool for the early identification of pre-eclampsia,
particularly in outpatient settings with limited resources. Its simplicity & applicability make it an ideal choice for
use in areas with minimal healthcare infrastructure or specialized training.
Journal of family medicine and primary care , 2023
Background: People with mental illnesses commonly experience stigma, discrimination, and prejudic... more Background: People with mental illnesses commonly experience stigma, discrimination, and prejudice from the general public and medical professionals around the world. Numerous research has looked into the unfavourable perceptions that medical students have of those who suffer from mental illness. Objective: The objective was to study the attitude of undergraduate medical students towards patients with psychiatric illnesses. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate medical students who were exposed (n = 69) to 2-week psychiatry posting and attended lectures and those who were not exposed (n = 163) to psychiatry training using self-reported Attitude Scale for Mental Illness (ASMI) questionnaire via Google form distributed among medical students. Results: The findings indicate there is no change in attitude toward the patient with psychiatric illness after exposure to psychiatry training among medical students. However, urban residence and female gender were the factors found to be influencing students' attitudes towards patients with psychiatric illnesses. Conclusions: There was no change in attitude towards patients with psychiatric illness after psychiatry exposure. Students belonging to urban domicile and female students showed more sympathetic attitudes toward those with mental illnesses.
International Journal of Medical Science And Diagnosis Research, Oct 30, 2019
Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour pre... more Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour prediction.
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nov 26, 2019
Preterm birth defined as any delivery at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation (< 259 days). ... more Preterm birth defined as any delivery at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation (< 259 days). The lower limit of viability being generally accepted to be at 23 completed weeks. Preterm birth is a heterogeneous condition; up to 30-40% of all cases of preterm birth are the results of elective delivery for a maternal or a fetal complication. The remaining 60-70% of preterm birth is probably the result of covert or sub-clinical infective/ inflammatory processes, cervical dysfunction, idiopathic (unknown causes), multiple gestations and possible social, nutritional and environment interaction. 1 This report focuses on this latter group of so-called, spontaneous preterm births. The diagnosis of preterm labour which precedes preterm delivery has been traditionally based on clinical indicators, including a history of preterm birth, symptoms and clinical examination. Progesterone is essential for maintenance of pregnancy and promote uterine relaxation
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs...
Indian journal of medical and health sciences, 2020
Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high, alone accounting for a fifth of total glob... more Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high,
alone accounting for a fifth of total global burden.3
By providing effective emergency obstetrical care and
referral system, maternal mortality and morbidity
can be reduced.
Material and Method: This is retrospective
descriptive study, conducted with analysis of
routinely collected data for the period of 6 months,
this study was conducted at district hospital, Bahraich
which is 300 bedded tertiary level health facility.
Result: A total of 5443 women were admitted
for delivery over a period of 6 months. Out of total
admitted women 139 were referred to higher centre,
the referral rate was 2.55%. Among the deliveries
conducted at the DH, vaginal delivery account for
78.997% of total delivered patients, 21.003% women
delivered by cesarean section. Anemia is the most
common cause of referrals which is 21.58% of total
referred women. Eclampsia/severe preeclampsia is
2nd most common cause of referral (16.55% of total
referral). Large number of patients 38.13% were
coming from a distance of more than 20 km but
within 50 km. 14.39% of total referred women were
travelling a distance of 50–100 km to come to the
DH. 22.30% women were conscious but having
unstable vitals at the time of admission. 12.23%
(17 out of 139) women were unconscious with low
GCS scale.
Conclusion: This study highlights the deficiency
human resources, infrastructure and equipment at
district hospital level hampering the provision of
EmOC. If these issues are adequately addressed, it
would greatly enhance health facility for providing
EmOC
Indian journal of medical and health sciences, 2020
Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high, alone accounting for a fifth of total glob... more Introduction: Maternal death in India is still high,
alone accounting for a fifth of total global burden.3
By providing effective emergency obstetrical care and
referral system, maternal mortality and morbidity
can be reduced.
Material and Method: This is retrospective
descriptive study, conducted with analysis of
routinely collected data for the period of 6 months,
this study was conducted at district hospital, Bahraich
which is 300 bedded tertiary level health facility.
Result: A total of 5443 women were admitted
for delivery over a period of 6 months. Out of total
admitted women 139 were referred to higher centre,
the referral rate was 2.55%. Among the deliveries
conducted at the DH, vaginal delivery account for
78.997% of total delivered patients, 21.003% women
delivered by cesarean section. Anemia is the most
common cause of referrals which is 21.58% of total
referred women. Eclampsia/severe preeclampsia is
2nd most common cause of referral (16.55% of total
referral). Large number of patients 38.13% were
coming from a distance of more than 20 km but
within 50 km. 14.39% of total referred women were
travelling a distance of 50–100 km to come to the
DH. 22.30% women were conscious but having
unstable vitals at the time of admission. 12.23%
(17 out of 139) women were unconscious with low
GCS scale.
Conclusion: This study highlights the deficiency
human resources, infrastructure and equipment at
district hospital level hampering the provision of
EmOC. If these issues are adequately addressed, it
would greatly enhance health facility for providing
EmOC.
Keywords: Referrals; EmOC; ANC Care.
International journal of scientific research, 2020
Introduction: Prevalence of HIV infection in the pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic (ANC) ... more Introduction: Prevalence of HIV infection in the pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic (ANC) in socio-economic backward areas are high.
The adult HIV prevalence at national level has continued its steady decline but the socioeconomically backward areas are still showing the
inclining trends.
Material And Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based descriptive study which includes 1996 pregnant women, attending antenatal clinic
(ANC) of ASMC&ATHs, Bahraich. Data was collected from ICTC centre and PPTCT centre of medical college with assurance that data collected
only for research purpose and complete condentiality will be maintained.
Results: Out of 1996 pregnant women, 9 were found to be seropositive for HIVtest. Among the study subjects majority were in the age group of 26-
30 years (84.61%) followed by Group-I (7.16%), III (6.16) & IV (2.05%) respectively. About 56.76% rural and 43.23% urban population were
detected on study subjects.
Conclusion: The reproductive age groups are more prone to HIV infection. Proper knowledge about HIV testing and mode of transmission along
with the major contraceptive precautions should be imparted to teenagers. There is requirement of well trained staff, counselor and ANC worker to
control the HIVdissemination through properly guiding about the safer sex to the women attending ANC.
International journal of reproduction contraception obstetrics and gynecology, 2019
Background: This prospective research was designed to evaluate changes in levels of salivary Estr... more Background: This prospective research was designed to evaluate changes in levels of salivary Estriol and Progesterone in preterm labor in comparison to normal pregnancy. Spontaneous onset of labor at term is produced by definite increase in estriol and fall in progesterone. This rise in free estrogen should precede the onset of labor according with the known effect of estrogen and progesterone on myometrial activity. Concentration of steroid in saliva reflect unbound unconjugated and biologically active fraction.
Methods: The present study was carried for duration of one year enrolling 115 antenatal women between 28 and < 37 weeks of gestation with or without labour pains attending the antenatal clinic in KGMU, Lucknow and those admitted in Queen Mary’s Hospital Lucknow. 5 ml of saliva was collected in cryovials from each patient to estimate estriol and progesterone. The estimation of saliva progesterone and estriol was done by immunoenzymatic colorimetric method of the supernatant of sample.
Results: In our study mean value of saliva progesterone levels of pregnant women with preterm delivery (study group IIA) was lower than the control group (Group l) but the difference was not significant (3814.46±751.14 pg/ml versus 3945.16±577.11 pg/ml, p = 0.351). Mean value of estriol study group who delivered preterm (3512.85±586.16 pg/ml) was higher as compared to the mean value of control group (2691.72±681.08 pg/ml) and difference was significant (p value < 0.001).
Conclusions: Thus, there is significant rise in level of saliva estriol, it can be used as a predictor for detecting symptomatic and asymptomatic women at risk for preterm birth.
International journal of medical science and diagnosis research, 2019
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm... more Abstract:
Objectives: To evaluate the ratio between Salivary Estriol and progesterone in preterm labour prediction.
Study design: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry, King George
Medical University, Lucknow. Study was done over one year.
Material & Methods: Antenatal women were enrolled between 28 and <37 weeks of gestation with labour pains or without
labour pains attending the antenatal clinic and those admitted in Queen Mary’s Hospital, Lucknow. From each patient 5 ml
of saliva was collected in cryo-vials to estimate Estriol and Progesterone by Immunoenzymatic colorimetric method of the
supernatant of salivary sample.
Results: In study group mean value (0.84+0.26) of Estriol to Progesterone ratio in gestation age of <32 weeks was
significantly higher that mean value (0.65+0.18) of control group. Mean value of estriol to progesterone ratio in gestational
age group of 32-35 weeks in study group was 0.93+0.13 also significantly higher than the mean value of control group
(0.65 0.18 ). The p value 0.027 is statistically significant.
Conclusion: Thus, salivary estriol/progesterone ratio can be used as a predictor for detecting symptomatic and
asymptomatic women at risk for preterm
International journal of research in medical science, 2020
Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Ti... more Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date
there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include
regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.
Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs)
of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.
Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about
COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were
confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary
measures.
Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards
COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for
encouraging an optimistic attitude and maintaining safe practices