Paul Stoneman | Kings College London (original) (raw)
Papers by Paul Stoneman
Policing and Society, 2022
Psychological Medicine, 2021
Background This study investigates the extent to which the GHQ-12 exhibits configural, metric and... more Background This study investigates the extent to which the GHQ-12 exhibits configural, metric and scalar invariance across six ethnic groups in Britain and Northern Ireland, using the UK Household Longitudinal Study (N = 35 410). Methods A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out on a white British group in order to establish an adequate measurement model. Secondly, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in order to assess measurement invariance. A sensitivity analysis comparing summated and latent means across groups was carried out. Finally, revised estimates of scale reliability were derived using two different methods. Results A one-factor model including correlated error terms on the negatively phrased items showed superior fit in all ethnic groups. Tests for equal factor loadings and intercepts also showed adequate fit demonstrating metric and scalar invariance. Latent and summated scale estimates of mean group differences were similar for all groups. Sca...
Housing, Care and Support, 2017
Psychological Medicine, 2021
Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 2022
This report reviews the published research evidence on the factors and processes that lead some y... more This report reviews the published research evidence on the factors and processes that lead some young people into becoming ‘Not in Employment, Education or Training’ (NEET), and the policy interventions that are deemed to prevent this. It also includes a previously conducted Latent Class Analysis (LCA) of the 2009 Essex NEET cohort, which is analysed alongside the more general published evidence. The literature reviewed was generated from wide rage of bibliographic search engines, academics, policy makers and practitioners working in this field The review will contribute towards the development of more effective policy interventions, and provide an initial foundation for the development of a possible multi-method research project. A primary research project will be able to provide more robust inferences on the causes and processes of becoming NEET and on the interventions designed to prevent this. This will enable Essex County Council to better target and implement effective policy ...
The purpose of this paper is to initially review the conceptual landscape of trust within the soc... more The purpose of this paper is to initially review the conceptual landscape of trust within the social sciences in order to highlight under what circumstances trust becomes a crucial concern for human interactions. From this basis, the concept of trust is unpacked alongside similar concepts, such as confidence, and goes on to explore trust within the context of a salient concern with the UK health profession, that is, trust between patients and general practitioners (GPs). As will be demonstrated, issues of trust are heightened under greater situations of vulnerability and uncertainty, which means that health researchers interested in trust between patients and GPs need to be sensitive to the types of medical conditions patients have when examining trust in patient/GP relationships. Building on recent focus group work in the UK specifically designed to explore issues of trust with patient/GP relations (Wiles 2014), and using data from the GP/Patient Survey, a set of multivariate analy...
PloS one, 2017
We examine international public opinion towards stem-cell research during the period when the iss... more We examine international public opinion towards stem-cell research during the period when the issue was at its most contentious. We draw upon representative sample surveys in Europe and North America, fielded in 2005 and find that the majority of people in Europe, Canada and the United States supported stem-cell research, providing it was tightly regulated, but that there were key differences between the geographical regions in the relative importance of different types of ethical position. In the U.S., moral acceptability was more influential as a driver of support for stem-cell research; in Europe the perceived benefit to society carried more weight; and in Canada the two were almost equally important. We also find that public opinion on stem-cell research was more strongly associated with religious convictions in the U.S. than in Canada and Europe, although many strongly religious citizens in all regions approved of stem-cell research. We conclude that if anything public opinion ...
This document pulls together all of the work conducted under WP3 (EU 6th Framework Programme-Work... more This document pulls together all of the work conducted under WP3 (EU 6th Framework Programme-Work Programme 3). The document is split into a number of sections. The first section provides an introduction. We then provide an overview of the distribution of ICTs and indicators of social capital and quality of life across the European Union in 2002 as a background to the subsequent analysis. We then concentrate on the integrated dynamic modelling work carried out up to the second expert seminar in February 2005. As we ...
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
PLoS ONE, 2013
Proponents of controversial Complementary and Alternative Medicines, such as homeopathy, argue th... more Proponents of controversial Complementary and Alternative Medicines, such as homeopathy, argue that these treatments can be used with great effect in addition to, and sometimes instead of, 'conventional' medicine. In doing so, they accept the idea that the scientific approach to the evaluation of treatment does not undermine use of and support for some of the more controversial CAM treatments. For those adhering to the scientific canon, however, such efficacy claims lack the requisite evidential basis from randomised controlled trials. It is not clear, however, whether such opposition characterises the views of the general public. In this paper we use data from the 2009 Wellcome Monitor survey to investigate public use of and beliefs about the efficacy of a prominent and controversial CAM within the United Kingdom, homeopathy. We proceed by using Latent Class Analysis to assess whether it is possible to identify a subgroup of the population who are at ease in combining support for science and conventional medicine with use of CAM treatments, and belief in the efficacy of homeopathy. Our results suggest that over 40% of the British public maintain positive evaluations of both homeopathy and conventional medicine simultaneously. Explanatory analyses reveal that simultaneous support for a controversial CAM treatment and conventional medicine is, in part, explained by a lack of scientific knowledge as well as concerns about the regulation of medical research.
ICT Futures, 2008
A snooker ball model implies that simple, linear and predictable social change follows from the i... more A snooker ball model implies that simple, linear and predictable social change follows from the introduction of new technologies. Unfortunately technology does not have and has never had simple linear predictable social impacts. In this chapter we show that in most measurable ways, the pervasiveness of modern information and communication technologies has had little discernable 'impact' on most human behaviours of sociological significance. Historians of technology remind us that human society co-evolves with the technology it invents and that the eventual social and economic uses of a technology often turn out to be far removed from those originally envisioned. Rather than using the snooker ball model to attempt to predict future ICT usage and revenue models that are inevitably wrong, we suggest that truly participatory, grounded innovation, open systems and adaptive revenue models can lead us to a more effective, flexible and responsive innovation process.
Policing and Society, 2022
Psychological Medicine, 2021
Background This study investigates the extent to which the GHQ-12 exhibits configural, metric and... more Background This study investigates the extent to which the GHQ-12 exhibits configural, metric and scalar invariance across six ethnic groups in Britain and Northern Ireland, using the UK Household Longitudinal Study (N = 35 410). Methods A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out on a white British group in order to establish an adequate measurement model. Secondly, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in order to assess measurement invariance. A sensitivity analysis comparing summated and latent means across groups was carried out. Finally, revised estimates of scale reliability were derived using two different methods. Results A one-factor model including correlated error terms on the negatively phrased items showed superior fit in all ethnic groups. Tests for equal factor loadings and intercepts also showed adequate fit demonstrating metric and scalar invariance. Latent and summated scale estimates of mean group differences were similar for all groups. Sca...
Housing, Care and Support, 2017
Psychological Medicine, 2021
Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 2022
This report reviews the published research evidence on the factors and processes that lead some y... more This report reviews the published research evidence on the factors and processes that lead some young people into becoming ‘Not in Employment, Education or Training’ (NEET), and the policy interventions that are deemed to prevent this. It also includes a previously conducted Latent Class Analysis (LCA) of the 2009 Essex NEET cohort, which is analysed alongside the more general published evidence. The literature reviewed was generated from wide rage of bibliographic search engines, academics, policy makers and practitioners working in this field The review will contribute towards the development of more effective policy interventions, and provide an initial foundation for the development of a possible multi-method research project. A primary research project will be able to provide more robust inferences on the causes and processes of becoming NEET and on the interventions designed to prevent this. This will enable Essex County Council to better target and implement effective policy ...
The purpose of this paper is to initially review the conceptual landscape of trust within the soc... more The purpose of this paper is to initially review the conceptual landscape of trust within the social sciences in order to highlight under what circumstances trust becomes a crucial concern for human interactions. From this basis, the concept of trust is unpacked alongside similar concepts, such as confidence, and goes on to explore trust within the context of a salient concern with the UK health profession, that is, trust between patients and general practitioners (GPs). As will be demonstrated, issues of trust are heightened under greater situations of vulnerability and uncertainty, which means that health researchers interested in trust between patients and GPs need to be sensitive to the types of medical conditions patients have when examining trust in patient/GP relationships. Building on recent focus group work in the UK specifically designed to explore issues of trust with patient/GP relations (Wiles 2014), and using data from the GP/Patient Survey, a set of multivariate analy...
PloS one, 2017
We examine international public opinion towards stem-cell research during the period when the iss... more We examine international public opinion towards stem-cell research during the period when the issue was at its most contentious. We draw upon representative sample surveys in Europe and North America, fielded in 2005 and find that the majority of people in Europe, Canada and the United States supported stem-cell research, providing it was tightly regulated, but that there were key differences between the geographical regions in the relative importance of different types of ethical position. In the U.S., moral acceptability was more influential as a driver of support for stem-cell research; in Europe the perceived benefit to society carried more weight; and in Canada the two were almost equally important. We also find that public opinion on stem-cell research was more strongly associated with religious convictions in the U.S. than in Canada and Europe, although many strongly religious citizens in all regions approved of stem-cell research. We conclude that if anything public opinion ...
This document pulls together all of the work conducted under WP3 (EU 6th Framework Programme-Work... more This document pulls together all of the work conducted under WP3 (EU 6th Framework Programme-Work Programme 3). The document is split into a number of sections. The first section provides an introduction. We then provide an overview of the distribution of ICTs and indicators of social capital and quality of life across the European Union in 2002 as a background to the subsequent analysis. We then concentrate on the integrated dynamic modelling work carried out up to the second expert seminar in February 2005. As we ...
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
This Thing Called Trust, 2008
PLoS ONE, 2013
Proponents of controversial Complementary and Alternative Medicines, such as homeopathy, argue th... more Proponents of controversial Complementary and Alternative Medicines, such as homeopathy, argue that these treatments can be used with great effect in addition to, and sometimes instead of, 'conventional' medicine. In doing so, they accept the idea that the scientific approach to the evaluation of treatment does not undermine use of and support for some of the more controversial CAM treatments. For those adhering to the scientific canon, however, such efficacy claims lack the requisite evidential basis from randomised controlled trials. It is not clear, however, whether such opposition characterises the views of the general public. In this paper we use data from the 2009 Wellcome Monitor survey to investigate public use of and beliefs about the efficacy of a prominent and controversial CAM within the United Kingdom, homeopathy. We proceed by using Latent Class Analysis to assess whether it is possible to identify a subgroup of the population who are at ease in combining support for science and conventional medicine with use of CAM treatments, and belief in the efficacy of homeopathy. Our results suggest that over 40% of the British public maintain positive evaluations of both homeopathy and conventional medicine simultaneously. Explanatory analyses reveal that simultaneous support for a controversial CAM treatment and conventional medicine is, in part, explained by a lack of scientific knowledge as well as concerns about the regulation of medical research.
ICT Futures, 2008
A snooker ball model implies that simple, linear and predictable social change follows from the i... more A snooker ball model implies that simple, linear and predictable social change follows from the introduction of new technologies. Unfortunately technology does not have and has never had simple linear predictable social impacts. In this chapter we show that in most measurable ways, the pervasiveness of modern information and communication technologies has had little discernable 'impact' on most human behaviours of sociological significance. Historians of technology remind us that human society co-evolves with the technology it invents and that the eventual social and economic uses of a technology often turn out to be far removed from those originally envisioned. Rather than using the snooker ball model to attempt to predict future ICT usage and revenue models that are inevitably wrong, we suggest that truly participatory, grounded innovation, open systems and adaptive revenue models can lead us to a more effective, flexible and responsive innovation process.