Oluwole Olusegun Akiyode | Kampala International University (original) (raw)

Papers by Oluwole Olusegun Akiyode

KIU Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology

Demand for inexpensive alternative fuels and briquettes to bridge the gap between cooking, water ... more Demand for inexpensive alternative fuels and briquettes to bridge the gap between cooking, water heating, and heating production processes has been expanding by the day, due to the current fuel crisis and the ever-increasing costs of electricity and wood charcoal in Kampala and its environs. The goal of this study was to determine the different types of biomass briquettes and associated technology that are available in Kampala. Face-to-face interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data on the numerous varieties of biomass briquettes that are commonly used by Kampala families, as well as the raw materials used by briquette producers. Descriptive statistics techniques were employed. According to the statistics, the most often utilized briquettes in Kampala are stick briquettes, honeycomb briquettes, cylindrical, round, and doughnut-shaped briquettes. While the majority of households continue to use expensive and unreliable energy sources such as wood charcoal, gas, and elect...

Frontiers in Neurology

IntroductionThere is a scarcity of epidemiological data on neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) in Ea... more IntroductionThere is a scarcity of epidemiological data on neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) in East Africa. This meta-analysis provides the regional prevalence of NDs, their contributing factors, and evidence of change over time concerning gender per age or year.MethodsArticles were retrieved from electronic databases following the PRISMA standard.ResultsForty-two studies were reviewed, and 25 were meta-analyzed with a random-effects model. The pool estimate proportion of 15.27%, 95% CI (0.09–0.23) (I2 = 98.25%), (Q = 1,369.15, p < 0.0001) among a population of 15,813 male/female and 1,257 with NDs. Epidemiological characteristics associated with NDs include Dyskinesias prevalence 55.4%, 95% CI (13.5; 90.9), I2 (96%) and subsistence farming prevalence 11.3%, 95% CI (5.8; 20.9), I2 (99%). Publication bias by Egger test was (z = 4.1913, p < 0.0001), while rank correlation test using Kendall's model was (tau = 0.1237, p = 0.3873). Heterogeneity (R2 design = 5.23%, p design &l...

KIU Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology

Increasing population and urbanization of most of the cities with their continuous socioeconomic ... more Increasing population and urbanization of most of the cities with their continuous socioeconomic development and experiences put pressure on the components of the environment that are essential for their sustainable development. This includes urban wetlands which are parts of the veritable resources for the sustenance of societal ecosystems. This study assesses the process of wetland degradation in Nsooba, Kampala through the identification of the current anthropological activities that encourage the wetland degradation and also examined the levels of the water quality in its pools during the dry and wet seasons. This was done through questionnaire administration and physicochemical analysis. The study identifies the prevalence of constructions activities in the wetland area which crippled the flow of its stream. The results of the physicochemical analysis of the water quality of the pools/channels depicted that the pH values of both the wet and dry seasons were within acceptable li...

Clean Technologies, 2018

Following the increasing global awareness of the dangers posed by the present state of climate ch... more Following the increasing global awareness of the dangers posed by the present state of climate change, many countries such as Uganda have adapted long-term plans for a transition to decarbonised economies. A major strategy for decarbonisation is to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy (RE) sources as the fundamental energy source. Uganda has substantial RE resources for the provision of energy services and production, yet these resources remain untapped. It is therefore crucial that the use of these abundant resources should be heightened. This paper examines and discusses the potential and current RE utilization and development in Uganda from the perspective of sustainable development. The status of the different RE resources and their application/utilization, including details of existing projects in the country, are carefully explored and discussed. The possible drivers for a huge advancement of RE applications and development in Uganda are also discussed before elucidating...

For over three or four decades, there have been propagandists and antagonists for the constructio... more For over three or four decades, there have been propagandists and antagonists for the construction of dams all over the world. Dams were presumed to evolve with the world as a product of its socio-economic development. History has shown us that dams’ construction is not a recent phenomenon but has existed for sometime, especially with the discovery of the 8,000 year old irrigation canal in the Mesopotamia area. This paper examines water security as a concept of environmental security and also analysis through history the importance of dams before the development of the “now concept of dams” and also analysis the role of dams in the present concept with positive and negative impacts on water security. The paper ends by identifying the need of consideration of water security in the management of dams.

Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 2016

Nigeria is a rich nation with natural resources that include oil and gas, solid minerals and vast... more Nigeria is a rich nation with natural resources that include oil and gas, solid minerals and vast arable agricultural land with favourable weather conditions for crop planting in nearly every parts of the country. Thereby, it has the capacity to reduce extreme poverty and exterminate hunger. It has the highest population in Sub-Saharan Africa with a population of 173.6 million people in 2013 but with the World Bank (2015) estimated national poverty line of 46% (% of population) in 2010. The study rests its definition and analysis of poverty in Nigeria on the views of Copenhagen Declaration of 1995 of poverty. It recognizes the nations push to stem hunger and poverty with initiation of poverty alleviation and livelihood policies at different times. It also identifies the boost on the policy thrusts on poverty eradication and hunger alleviation since the year 2001, an aftermath of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). At the end, it identifies the emerging poverty and hunger issues in Nigeria and recommended forward strategies that will alleviate poverty and enthrone sustainable livelihood in the post 2015 Development Agenda.

International Journal of Advanced Research, 2017

Human security and sustainable development all over the world hinges on successful environmental ... more Human security and sustainable development all over the world hinges on successful environmental sustainability. Nigeria was a signatory to Agenda 21 in 1992 and has been introducing policies in its systems which include laws that serve the three tier governments (Federal, States and Local Governments) in its bid to achieve environmental sustainability. These laws and policies serves as instruments for environmental protection, planning, prevention and pollution control. This study analyses the state of Nigeria environment before the inception of the Millennium Development Goal MDG 7 which was to ensure environmental sustainability and examines what happens after the programmes took off and ended. It examines sustainable practices in Nigeria that supports and encourages environmental sustainability. It identifies challenges to the achievement of environmental sustainability in the MDG 7 programmes. It also classifies the emerging environmental issues in the country. At the end, it advocates forward strategies in the achievement of environmental security in Nigeria.

The paper is a review of literatures on conflict, climate change and water security on Sub-Sahara... more The paper is a review of literatures on conflict, climate change and water security on Sub-Saharan Africa. It identifies poverty as a threat in Sub-Saharan African countries that may have effect on its water security. It analyses in Sub-Saharan Africa region, the conflict trend of water security in correlation with climate change impacts. It advocates sustainable water management as the ameliorative and mitigation approaches to the negative effects of climate change on water security in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Human Security is intertwined with the principles of sustainable development. The urbanization te... more Human Security is intertwined with the principles of sustainable development. The urbanization tendency of some developing economy country such like Nigeria has given rise to the growth of mega-city. The development of the megacity has negative implications on its human security. The study traces the growth of Lagos as a twentieth century megacity. This study uses Lagos, Nigeria as a case in examining the urbanization tendency of a developing economy vis-à-vis its human security. It posits that the consequences of urbanization affect its expected human security.

Oluwole Olusegun Akiyode, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Kampala Internation... more Oluwole Olusegun Akiyode, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda

International Journal of Scientific World, 2017

The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental secu... more The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental security in the Karamoja region of Uganda. It relates climate change to the conflict, insecurity and crises that have been witnessed in the region in the past years.It examines the implications of the change in the grazing pattern of the pastoralists and herdsmen in the time of recurrent drought and dry spells in Karamoja on the security of the region and other communities in Uganda and beyond. It relates the interplay of climate change, environmental security and food security to human security in Karamoja region.It also through focus group discussion (FGD) conducted in Kaabong District of the Karamoja region, identifies the presumed impacts of climate change on the environment and the people alongside its socio-economic implications. In the end, the study suggests proactive environmental security programmes in the Karamoja region which are expected to encourage sustainable mitigation and a...

The paper traces the predicament of climate change in Africa from the industrial era, through the... more The paper traces the predicament of climate change in Africa from the industrial era, through the 1950’s when African nations started regaining freedom from their colonial masters, to the present day of persistent socio-economic underdevelopment. It compares the greenhouse gases generated in Africa to the rest of the world and identifies through literatures the expected impacts of climate change in Africa.

Environmental security is an offshoot of the principle of sustainable development which focuses o... more Environmental security is an offshoot of the principle of sustainable development which focuses on societal and global environmental sustainability and peace in the face of uncontrolled environmental degradations that are witnessed in different parts of the world. The urbanization tendency of different parts of the world mostly in developing economy countries sometimes has negative implications on its environmental security. The environmental security and sustainability of urban in most developing economy countries have been affected by inadequate planning, weak projections and insufficient funds. These subject urban societies in the face of continuous urbanization to myriad of problems and hazards that impinge on their growing populations. Therefore, this study uses Nigeria as a case in examining the urbanization tendency of developing economy countries in relation to its environmental hazards and problems. These at many times lead to human and public security threats. The study po...

The concept Gender mainstreaming is one of the most recent late 20 th century developmental tools... more The concept Gender mainstreaming is one of the most recent late 20 th century developmental tools designed for the achievement of gender equality in a bid to attain sustainable peace and development in the Universe. The concept is currently being adopted as policy in different sectors, regions and nations. The Niger Delta region of Nigeria is known for its volatility and also for its vast deposit of crude oil in which Nigeria generates its main revenue. Nigeria is the sixth largest Oil producing nation in the World. The exploitation and exploration of oil in the region has impacted the ecology, economy and socioculture of the region. The impact also has gender implications. The paper review through the current literatures and researches effect of oil exploration and exploitation on the citizenry and proffer ways of mainstreaming gender into the system which will serves as one of the panacea for Environmental sustainability and peace in the region.

This study traces the urbanization trend of a developing economy mega-city and relates it to its ... more This study traces the urbanization trend of a developing economy mega-city and relates it to its water insecurity. It identifies the importance of water security to human, environmental and state security. The research establishes the inadequacy of portable water in the developing economic mega-city, which makes residents to source for alternatives. It recognizes the implications of water insecurity on the health conditions of the residents. It posited that shortage of portable water supply would invariably have more economic implications on the poor and down trodden in the developing economic mega-city. The paper identifies that the Lagos mega-city water security concept tends towards sectorial management of water resources as compared to the developmental concept of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) or the Integrated Urban Water Resource Management (IUWRM).

International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research, 2017

The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental secu... more The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental security in the Karamoja region of Uganda. It relates climate change to the conflict, insecurity and crises that have been witnessed in the region in the past years. It examines the implications of the change in the grazing pattern of the pastoralists and herdsmen in the time of recurrent drought and dry spells in Karamoja on the security of the region and other communities in Uganda and beyond. It relates the interplay of climate change, environmental security and food security to human security in Karamoja region. It also through focus group discussion (FGD) conducted in Kaabong District of the Karamoja region, identifies the presumed impacts of climate change on the environment and the people alongside its socio-economic implications. In the end, the study suggests proactive environmental security programmes in the Karamoja region which are expected to encourage sustainable mitigation and...

The main objective of the paper is to review the Solid Waste Management practices in Lagos and al... more The main objective of the paper is to review the Solid Waste Management practices in Lagos and also give proposals for improvement. Lagos is Nigeria Mega city with a population of 5,685,781 (National Census 1991) and a projection by WORLD BANK/UNFPA of 13.4 million in the year 2000 and 23.2 million in the year 2015AD. It has the busiest seaports and airports in West Africa. Lagos is the nerve center of Nigeria economy having 60 to 70% of Nigeria industries. Industrialization and increase in economic activities cum increase in population of Lagos has also lead to increase in the volume of Solid waste generated. Lagos is still donned with Solid waste even with much financial input of the state. The paper attributed the inefficiency of the practice to policy dynamism and overlaps, inadequate infrastructure, lack of sustained public education and exclusion of certain sectors from the waste management practices. Recommendations are advocated to ameliorate the deficiencies

The environmental security and quality of every society are important in the determination of hum... more The environmental security and quality of every society are important in the determination of human development and socioeconomic developments and its level of peace. The potential of environmental security of a location depends on the sustainable management of its forest. This is because of the ecological services being rendered by forest to the environment. Thereby, the societal system will need to encourage forest sustainability and security in order to continue to enjoy its ecological services. Forest utilization and poverty are interlinked, since the level of poverty may contribute to the rate of utilization of forest while the rate of utilization of forest contributes largely to environmental security and quality. The study examines the relationship between the level of poverty to the use of forest and its implication on environmental security using Uganda as a case. There has been a continuous reduction in the size of Uganda's Forest Area (Percentage (%) of Land Area) since 1999. The study interconnects the continuous reduction of the Forest Area (Percentage (%) of Land Area) to the country's well-being and livelihoods and suggests its implications on the environmental security and quality. The study advocates sustainable approaches to the management of forest.

KIU Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology

Frontiers in Neurology

KIU Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology

Clean Technologies, 2018

Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 2016

International Journal of Advanced Research, 2017

International Journal of Scientific World, 2017

International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research, 2017

The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental secu... more The study investigates the consequences of climate change on food security and environmental security in the Karamoja region of Uganda. It relates climate change to the conflict, insecurity and crises that have been witnessed in the region in the past years. It examines the implications of the change in the grazing pattern of the pastoralists and herdsmen in the time of recurrent drought and dry spells in Karamoja on the security of the region and other communities in Uganda and beyond. It relates the interplay of climate change, environmental security and food security to human security in Karamoja region. It also through focus group discussion (FGD) conducted in Kaabong District of the Karamoja region, identifies the presumed impacts of climate change on the environment and the people alongside its socio-economic implications. In the end, the study suggests proactive environmental security programmes in the Karamoja region which are expected to encourage sustainable mitigation and...

Annually, population increase, urbanization and changing climate are constraining water security ... more Annually, population increase, urbanization and changing climate are constraining water security in many places. Lagos mega-city located on the narrow Coastal flood plain of the Bight of Benin of South-Western part of Nigeria is a continuous and rapid urbanized society. The rapid urban growth has affected the city planning thereby hindering its water security. This study assesses the implications of urbanization and climate change on water security in Lagos mega-city. The study traces its findings through historical information on how urbanization trends have influenced the mega-city status. It also examines and correlates secondary data from both qualitative and quantitative sources on water security in Lagos. It identifies water security in the mega-city in terms of threats to the environment such as in flooding relating it to urbanization tendency and climate change vulnerability. It also examines water security threats in Lagos mega-city in the case of inadequate water supply in the metropolis relating it to its urbanization tendency and climate change security threats. It further investigates urbanization trends, water and climate security and threats alongside the human security components. The study identifies different parts of the city that are prone to the risk of water and climate change security. On the final note, the study suggests ecosystem approach as the foundation for workable mega-city environmental governance which is the key to the sustainable management of Lagos water and climate security.
Keywords: Urbanization, Climate Change, Water Security, mega-city, and Ecosystem Approach.

Thinking sustainable waste management is essential for rapidly urbanized communities. Nigeria wit... more Thinking sustainable waste management is essential for rapidly urbanized communities. Nigeria with its current population tending towards 190 million continues to be rapidly urbanized which makes the volume of solid waste in its major urban and cities increasing correspondingly. The paper through literatures examines the populations' drift of Nigeria communities from the rural to urban in the recent years in relation to its solid waste technology. It analyses the solid waste management technology in some of its already grown urban centers and big cities in the recent times. It identifies landfills as the ultimate disposal point for the solid waste in Nigeria's solid waste management technology. The rapidly urbanized cities in Nigeria have grown to meet with the landfills. So, built environment and residential houses are located around the landfills. The study revealed that water security, ecological security and health security of the Landfills adjoined communities are being compromised. At the end, the study advocates sustainable approaches to managing solid waste in rapid urbanized societies.