MOHAMMED AL-SHAMIRI | King Khalid University (original) (raw)
Papers by MOHAMMED AL-SHAMIRI
The Multinational Companies started with the rise of colonialism in the world. As a major drive o... more The Multinational Companies started with the rise of colonialism in the world. As a major drive of colonialism, the early multinational corporations built "factories" in the port cities of colonized countries. Now, Multinational Companies (MNCs) are investing in different sectors of the economy. However, asset allocation decisions still require proper investigation of industries and countries where the MNCs must invest. Moreover, decision-making becomes more difficult due to incomplete data, uncertainty, psychological and cultural issues in different countries, and hesitancy of the decision-makers (DMs). To overcome these issues, sophisticated decision-making techniques must be employed, so we propose the TODIM approach under the environment of q-rung orthopair double hierarchy linguistic term set (q-RODHLTS), which is the hybrid of q-rung orthopair fuzzy set and double hierarchy linguistic term set. Further, we define basic operations like addition, multiplication, scalar...
Computers, Materials & Continua
Scientific Reports
The population growth and urbanization has caused an exponential increase in waste material. The ... more The population growth and urbanization has caused an exponential increase in waste material. The proper disposal of waste is a challenging problem nowadays. The proper disposal site selection with typical sets and operators may not yield fruitful results. To handle such problems, the exponential aggregation operators based on neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets are proposed. For appropriate decisions in a decision-making problem, it is important to have a handy environment and aggregation operators. Many multi attribute decision making methods often ignore the uncertainty and hence yields the results which are not reliable. The neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy set can efficiently handle the complex information in a decision-making problem, as it combines the advantages of neutrosophic cubic set and hesitant fuzzy set. In this paper first we establish exponential operational laws in neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets, in which the exponents are neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuz...
IEEE Access
The aim of this article is to implement the Generalized Modified Adomian Decomposition Method to ... more The aim of this article is to implement the Generalized Modified Adomian Decomposition Method to compute the semi-numerical solution of the linear system of intuitionistic fuzzy initial value problems. Here, we consider the initial values as generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The technique is applied to brine tanks problem and coupled mass spring systems.Theoretically, different approaches to solving a system of generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy differential equations are discussed in this study under the presumption that the coefficients of the system of the differential equations are associated to generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The approximate results are compared with exact solutions which shows good efficiency. The corresponding graphs at different levels of uncertainty show the example's numerical outcomes. The graphical representations further demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method in comparison to existing semi-numerical methods in the literature. INDEX TERMS Fuzzy set, fuzzy number, generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number, system of fuzzy differential equation, analytical technique, engineering applications.
Journal of Mathematics
Unpredictability and fuzziness coexist in decision-making analysis due to the complexity of the d... more Unpredictability and fuzziness coexist in decision-making analysis due to the complexity of the decision-making environment. “Pythagorean fuzzy numbers” (PFNs) outperform “intuitionistic fuzzy numbers” (IFNs) when dealing with unclear data. The “Pythagorean fuzzy set” (PFS) is a useful tool because it removes the restriction that the sum of membership degrees be less than or equal to one by substituting the square sum for the sum of membership degrees. This study proposes two aggregating operators (AOs). The recommended operators outperform the already specified PFN operators. The proposed operator is utilised in the multicriteria decision-making process to identify the best candidate for instruction (MCDM).
Asian Journal of Algebra, 2009
In this study we introduce the retraction and conditional retraction of braids and braid groups, ... more In this study we introduce the retraction and conditional retraction of braids and braid groups, we show the retraction of braid group is not necessary a braid group also a retraction of a singular braid is not necessary a singular braid. We prove that a retraction of a braid ...
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Aug 31, 2022
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the class of left regular LA-semihyperrings wi... more The main objective of this paper is to investigate the class of left regular LA-semihyperrings with respect to their hyperideals. Then, produce the intresting characterizations of left regular LA-semihyperrings with respect to their hyperideals. In this connection, we prove that right (left, two sided, inerior, bi-, generalized bi-, quasi) hyperideals are coincide in a left regular LA-semihyperrings having pure left identity, these hyperideals are normally not coincide in other classes of regularities of LA-semihyperrings.
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering
This study presents a new analytical method to extract the fuzzy solution of the fuzzy initial va... more This study presents a new analytical method to extract the fuzzy solution of the fuzzy initial value problem (FIVP) of fourth-order fuzzy ordinary differential equations (FODEs) using the Laplace operator under the strongly generalized Hukuhara differentiability (SGH-differentiability). To this end, firstly the fourth-order derivative of the fuzzy valued function (FVF) according to the type of the SGH-differentiability is introduced, and then the relationships between the fourth-order derivative of the FVF and its Laplace transform are established. Furthermore, considering the types of differentiabilities and switching points, some fundamental theorems related to the Laplace transform of the fourth-order derivative of the FVF are stated and proved in detail and a method to solve FIVP by the fuzzy Laplace transform is presented in detail. An application of our proposed method in Resistance-Inductance circuit (RL circuit) is presented. Finally, FIVP's solution is graphically analy...
AIMS Mathematics
We introduce a topology on the set of vertices of a directed graph and we call the topological sp... more We introduce a topology on the set of vertices of a directed graph and we call the topological space as pathless directed topological space. We study relation between the relative topologies and pathless directed topological spaces of E-generated subdirected graphs. Then, we study connectedness, isomorphic and homeomorphic properties in digraphs and pathless directed topological spaces. Moreover, we apply our results to blood circulation process in human heart and disprove Shokry and Aly [M. Shokry and R. E. Aly, Topological properties on graph vs medical application in human heart, Int. J. Appl. Math., 15 (2013), 1103-1109], Nada et al. [S. Nada, A. E. F. El Atik and M. Atef, New types of topological structures via graphs, Math. Method. Appl. Sci., 41 (2018), 5801-5810] and Nawar et al. [A. S. Nawar and A. E. F. A. El-Atik, A model of a human heart via graph nano topological spaces, Int. J. Biomath., 12 (2019), p.1950006]. We show that pathless directed topology is accurately descr...
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2008
In this article we introduce the dynamical 3-dimensional braid and its braid group, and we introd... more In this article we introduce the dynamical 3-dimensional braid and its braid group, and we introduce the deformation retract of dynamical 3-dimensional braid. The limit of all types of dynamics is described.
Desalination, 2000
The most important step in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant is the pretreatment of feedwater. One of ... more The most important step in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant is the pretreatment of feedwater. One of the most common pretreatment methods used to prevent or control the scaling of different salts in seawater feed is the dosing of scale inhibitor. The desalination market yearly creates new types of inhibitors that claim to increase recovery and ensure stable operation without scale problems. RO plant operators must evaluate these chemicals before and after use in real plants. Therefore, the scale inhibitor must be evaluated on laboratory bench-scale before being used in the real plant and optimization must be done to choose the correct level of dosing to be applied in the plant. During operation, detailed investigation of different operation parameters has to be carried out to evaluate the antiscalant performance. The Doha research plant (DRP) in Kuwait with a RO unit (capacity of 300 m3/d) has been operated with two different types of antiscalants. This paper discusses the bench-scale evaluation results and different operation parameters for each antiscalant, i.e., the chemical analysis of the brine, the product conductivity, differential pressure across membrane, product flow, salt rejection, and number of cleanings required. A cost comparison is also made between the two inhibitors. It is recommended to continue operation with the present antiscalant due to its high performance and low cost.
International Journal of Intelligent Systems
AIMS Mathematics
The current study proposes the idea of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set with their basic arithme... more The current study proposes the idea of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set with their basic arithmetic operations to aggregate these sets. We define the score and accuracy functions for the comparison purpose. Finally, we discuss Chang's extent analysis of AHP under the environment of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set using the idea of triangular N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set. As an application, we discuss the reason for the downfall of international airlines using the developed approach.
Journal of Mathematics
This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently th... more This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently that occurs in daily life problems. In decision-making theory inter-relation of criteria, weights and choice decision-making method subject to the given circumstances which are an important component for appropriate decisions. For this, we define neutrosophic cubic Shapley–Choquet integral (NCSCI) measure; combinative distance-based assessment selection (CODAS) is accomplished over NCSCI and is implemented over a numerical example of a company foreign investment model as an application in decision-making (DM) theory. The neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) is a hybrid of the neutrosophic set (NS) and interval neutrosophic set (INS), which provides a better plate form to handle inconsistent and vague data more conveniently. The novel CODAS method is based on Shapley–Choquet integral and Minkowski distance which contain more information measures than usual criteria weights and distances. The weight...
Journal of Mathematics
This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently th... more This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently that occurs in daily life problems. In decision-making theory inter-relation of criteria, weights and choice decision-making method subject to the given circumstances which are an important component for appropriate decisions. For this, we define neutrosophic cubic Shapley–Choquet integral (NCSCI) measure; combinative distance-based assessment selection (CODAS) is accomplished over NCSCI and is implemented over a numerical example of a company foreign investment model as an application in decision-making (DM) theory. The neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) is a hybrid of the neutrosophic set (NS) and interval neutrosophic set (INS), which provides a better plate form to handle inconsistent and vague data more conveniently. The novel CODAS method is based on Shapley–Choquet integral and Minkowski distance which contain more information measures than usual criteria weights and distances. The weight...
Journal of Mathematics
Topological indices are graph invariants that are used to correlate the physicochemical propertie... more Topological indices are graph invariants that are used to correlate the physicochemical properties of a chemical compound with its (molecular) graph. In this study, we study certain degree-based topological indices such as Randić index, Zagreb indices, multiplicative Zagreb indices, Narumi–Katayama index, atom-bond connectivity index, augmented Zagreb index, geometric-arithmetic index, harmonic index, and sum-connectivity index for the bistar graphs and the corona product K m o K n ′ , where K n ′ represents the complement of complete graph K n .
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2021
Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data re... more Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity. Methods and results CLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure. Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox propor...
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2022
In this article, we introduce the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy set (2TLBFS), a new strategy f... more In this article, we introduce the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy set (2TLBFS), a new strategy for dealing with uncertainty that incorporates a 2-tuple linguistic term into bipolar fuzzy set. The 2TLBFS is a better way to deal with uncertain and imprecise information in the decision-making environment. We elaborate the operational rules, based on which, the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted averaging (2TLBFWA) operator and the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted geometric (2TLBFWG) operator are presented to fuse the 2TLBF numbers (2TLBFNs). The Heronian mean (HM) operator, which can reflect the internal correlation between attributes and their influence on decision results, is integrated into the 2TLBF environment to analyze the effect of the correlation between decision factors on decision results. Initially, the generalized 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy Heronian mean (G2TLBFHM) operator and generalized 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted Heronian mean (G2TL...
Journal of Mathematics, 2022
A radio mean square labeling of a connected graph is motivated by the channel assignment problem ... more A radio mean square labeling of a connected graph is motivated by the channel assignment problem for radio transmitters to avoid interference of signals sent by transmitters. It is an injective map h from the set of vertices of the graph G to the set of positive integers N , such that for any two distinct vertices x , y , the inequality d x , y + h x 2 + h y 2 / 2 ≥ dim G + 1 holds. For a particular radio mean square labeling h , the maximum number of h v taken over all vertices of G is called its spam, denoted by rmsn h , and the minimum value of rmsn h taking over all radio mean square labeling h of G is called the radio mean square number of G , denoted by rmsn G . In this study, we investigate the radio mean square numbers rmsn P n and rmsn C n for path and cycle, respectively. Then, we present an approximate algorithm to determine rmsn G for graph G . Finally, a new mathematical model to find the upper bound of rmsn G for graph G is introduced. A comparison between the prop...
The Multinational Companies started with the rise of colonialism in the world. As a major drive o... more The Multinational Companies started with the rise of colonialism in the world. As a major drive of colonialism, the early multinational corporations built "factories" in the port cities of colonized countries. Now, Multinational Companies (MNCs) are investing in different sectors of the economy. However, asset allocation decisions still require proper investigation of industries and countries where the MNCs must invest. Moreover, decision-making becomes more difficult due to incomplete data, uncertainty, psychological and cultural issues in different countries, and hesitancy of the decision-makers (DMs). To overcome these issues, sophisticated decision-making techniques must be employed, so we propose the TODIM approach under the environment of q-rung orthopair double hierarchy linguistic term set (q-RODHLTS), which is the hybrid of q-rung orthopair fuzzy set and double hierarchy linguistic term set. Further, we define basic operations like addition, multiplication, scalar...
Computers, Materials & Continua
Scientific Reports
The population growth and urbanization has caused an exponential increase in waste material. The ... more The population growth and urbanization has caused an exponential increase in waste material. The proper disposal of waste is a challenging problem nowadays. The proper disposal site selection with typical sets and operators may not yield fruitful results. To handle such problems, the exponential aggregation operators based on neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets are proposed. For appropriate decisions in a decision-making problem, it is important to have a handy environment and aggregation operators. Many multi attribute decision making methods often ignore the uncertainty and hence yields the results which are not reliable. The neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy set can efficiently handle the complex information in a decision-making problem, as it combines the advantages of neutrosophic cubic set and hesitant fuzzy set. In this paper first we establish exponential operational laws in neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets, in which the exponents are neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuz...
IEEE Access
The aim of this article is to implement the Generalized Modified Adomian Decomposition Method to ... more The aim of this article is to implement the Generalized Modified Adomian Decomposition Method to compute the semi-numerical solution of the linear system of intuitionistic fuzzy initial value problems. Here, we consider the initial values as generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The technique is applied to brine tanks problem and coupled mass spring systems.Theoretically, different approaches to solving a system of generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy differential equations are discussed in this study under the presumption that the coefficients of the system of the differential equations are associated to generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The approximate results are compared with exact solutions which shows good efficiency. The corresponding graphs at different levels of uncertainty show the example's numerical outcomes. The graphical representations further demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method in comparison to existing semi-numerical methods in the literature. INDEX TERMS Fuzzy set, fuzzy number, generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number, system of fuzzy differential equation, analytical technique, engineering applications.
Journal of Mathematics
Unpredictability and fuzziness coexist in decision-making analysis due to the complexity of the d... more Unpredictability and fuzziness coexist in decision-making analysis due to the complexity of the decision-making environment. “Pythagorean fuzzy numbers” (PFNs) outperform “intuitionistic fuzzy numbers” (IFNs) when dealing with unclear data. The “Pythagorean fuzzy set” (PFS) is a useful tool because it removes the restriction that the sum of membership degrees be less than or equal to one by substituting the square sum for the sum of membership degrees. This study proposes two aggregating operators (AOs). The recommended operators outperform the already specified PFN operators. The proposed operator is utilised in the multicriteria decision-making process to identify the best candidate for instruction (MCDM).
Asian Journal of Algebra, 2009
In this study we introduce the retraction and conditional retraction of braids and braid groups, ... more In this study we introduce the retraction and conditional retraction of braids and braid groups, we show the retraction of braid group is not necessary a braid group also a retraction of a singular braid is not necessary a singular braid. We prove that a retraction of a braid ...
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Aug 31, 2022
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the class of left regular LA-semihyperrings wi... more The main objective of this paper is to investigate the class of left regular LA-semihyperrings with respect to their hyperideals. Then, produce the intresting characterizations of left regular LA-semihyperrings with respect to their hyperideals. In this connection, we prove that right (left, two sided, inerior, bi-, generalized bi-, quasi) hyperideals are coincide in a left regular LA-semihyperrings having pure left identity, these hyperideals are normally not coincide in other classes of regularities of LA-semihyperrings.
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering
This study presents a new analytical method to extract the fuzzy solution of the fuzzy initial va... more This study presents a new analytical method to extract the fuzzy solution of the fuzzy initial value problem (FIVP) of fourth-order fuzzy ordinary differential equations (FODEs) using the Laplace operator under the strongly generalized Hukuhara differentiability (SGH-differentiability). To this end, firstly the fourth-order derivative of the fuzzy valued function (FVF) according to the type of the SGH-differentiability is introduced, and then the relationships between the fourth-order derivative of the FVF and its Laplace transform are established. Furthermore, considering the types of differentiabilities and switching points, some fundamental theorems related to the Laplace transform of the fourth-order derivative of the FVF are stated and proved in detail and a method to solve FIVP by the fuzzy Laplace transform is presented in detail. An application of our proposed method in Resistance-Inductance circuit (RL circuit) is presented. Finally, FIVP's solution is graphically analy...
AIMS Mathematics
We introduce a topology on the set of vertices of a directed graph and we call the topological sp... more We introduce a topology on the set of vertices of a directed graph and we call the topological space as pathless directed topological space. We study relation between the relative topologies and pathless directed topological spaces of E-generated subdirected graphs. Then, we study connectedness, isomorphic and homeomorphic properties in digraphs and pathless directed topological spaces. Moreover, we apply our results to blood circulation process in human heart and disprove Shokry and Aly [M. Shokry and R. E. Aly, Topological properties on graph vs medical application in human heart, Int. J. Appl. Math., 15 (2013), 1103-1109], Nada et al. [S. Nada, A. E. F. El Atik and M. Atef, New types of topological structures via graphs, Math. Method. Appl. Sci., 41 (2018), 5801-5810] and Nawar et al. [A. S. Nawar and A. E. F. A. El-Atik, A model of a human heart via graph nano topological spaces, Int. J. Biomath., 12 (2019), p.1950006]. We show that pathless directed topology is accurately descr...
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2008
In this article we introduce the dynamical 3-dimensional braid and its braid group, and we introd... more In this article we introduce the dynamical 3-dimensional braid and its braid group, and we introduce the deformation retract of dynamical 3-dimensional braid. The limit of all types of dynamics is described.
Desalination, 2000
The most important step in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant is the pretreatment of feedwater. One of ... more The most important step in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant is the pretreatment of feedwater. One of the most common pretreatment methods used to prevent or control the scaling of different salts in seawater feed is the dosing of scale inhibitor. The desalination market yearly creates new types of inhibitors that claim to increase recovery and ensure stable operation without scale problems. RO plant operators must evaluate these chemicals before and after use in real plants. Therefore, the scale inhibitor must be evaluated on laboratory bench-scale before being used in the real plant and optimization must be done to choose the correct level of dosing to be applied in the plant. During operation, detailed investigation of different operation parameters has to be carried out to evaluate the antiscalant performance. The Doha research plant (DRP) in Kuwait with a RO unit (capacity of 300 m3/d) has been operated with two different types of antiscalants. This paper discusses the bench-scale evaluation results and different operation parameters for each antiscalant, i.e., the chemical analysis of the brine, the product conductivity, differential pressure across membrane, product flow, salt rejection, and number of cleanings required. A cost comparison is also made between the two inhibitors. It is recommended to continue operation with the present antiscalant due to its high performance and low cost.
International Journal of Intelligent Systems
AIMS Mathematics
The current study proposes the idea of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set with their basic arithme... more The current study proposes the idea of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set with their basic arithmetic operations to aggregate these sets. We define the score and accuracy functions for the comparison purpose. Finally, we discuss Chang's extent analysis of AHP under the environment of the N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set using the idea of triangular N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set. As an application, we discuss the reason for the downfall of international airlines using the developed approach.
Journal of Mathematics
This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently th... more This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently that occurs in daily life problems. In decision-making theory inter-relation of criteria, weights and choice decision-making method subject to the given circumstances which are an important component for appropriate decisions. For this, we define neutrosophic cubic Shapley–Choquet integral (NCSCI) measure; combinative distance-based assessment selection (CODAS) is accomplished over NCSCI and is implemented over a numerical example of a company foreign investment model as an application in decision-making (DM) theory. The neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) is a hybrid of the neutrosophic set (NS) and interval neutrosophic set (INS), which provides a better plate form to handle inconsistent and vague data more conveniently. The novel CODAS method is based on Shapley–Choquet integral and Minkowski distance which contain more information measures than usual criteria weights and distances. The weight...
Journal of Mathematics
This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently th... more This study aims to define a conjecture that can handle complex frames of work more efficiently that occurs in daily life problems. In decision-making theory inter-relation of criteria, weights and choice decision-making method subject to the given circumstances which are an important component for appropriate decisions. For this, we define neutrosophic cubic Shapley–Choquet integral (NCSCI) measure; combinative distance-based assessment selection (CODAS) is accomplished over NCSCI and is implemented over a numerical example of a company foreign investment model as an application in decision-making (DM) theory. The neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) is a hybrid of the neutrosophic set (NS) and interval neutrosophic set (INS), which provides a better plate form to handle inconsistent and vague data more conveniently. The novel CODAS method is based on Shapley–Choquet integral and Minkowski distance which contain more information measures than usual criteria weights and distances. The weight...
Journal of Mathematics
Topological indices are graph invariants that are used to correlate the physicochemical propertie... more Topological indices are graph invariants that are used to correlate the physicochemical properties of a chemical compound with its (molecular) graph. In this study, we study certain degree-based topological indices such as Randić index, Zagreb indices, multiplicative Zagreb indices, Narumi–Katayama index, atom-bond connectivity index, augmented Zagreb index, geometric-arithmetic index, harmonic index, and sum-connectivity index for the bistar graphs and the corona product K m o K n ′ , where K n ′ represents the complement of complete graph K n .
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2021
Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data re... more Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity. Methods and results CLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure. Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox propor...
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2022
In this article, we introduce the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy set (2TLBFS), a new strategy f... more In this article, we introduce the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy set (2TLBFS), a new strategy for dealing with uncertainty that incorporates a 2-tuple linguistic term into bipolar fuzzy set. The 2TLBFS is a better way to deal with uncertain and imprecise information in the decision-making environment. We elaborate the operational rules, based on which, the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted averaging (2TLBFWA) operator and the 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted geometric (2TLBFWG) operator are presented to fuse the 2TLBF numbers (2TLBFNs). The Heronian mean (HM) operator, which can reflect the internal correlation between attributes and their influence on decision results, is integrated into the 2TLBF environment to analyze the effect of the correlation between decision factors on decision results. Initially, the generalized 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy Heronian mean (G2TLBFHM) operator and generalized 2-tuple linguistic bipolar fuzzy weighted Heronian mean (G2TL...
Journal of Mathematics, 2022
A radio mean square labeling of a connected graph is motivated by the channel assignment problem ... more A radio mean square labeling of a connected graph is motivated by the channel assignment problem for radio transmitters to avoid interference of signals sent by transmitters. It is an injective map h from the set of vertices of the graph G to the set of positive integers N , such that for any two distinct vertices x , y , the inequality d x , y + h x 2 + h y 2 / 2 ≥ dim G + 1 holds. For a particular radio mean square labeling h , the maximum number of h v taken over all vertices of G is called its spam, denoted by rmsn h , and the minimum value of rmsn h taking over all radio mean square labeling h of G is called the radio mean square number of G , denoted by rmsn G . In this study, we investigate the radio mean square numbers rmsn P n and rmsn C n for path and cycle, respectively. Then, we present an approximate algorithm to determine rmsn G for graph G . Finally, a new mathematical model to find the upper bound of rmsn G for graph G is introduced. A comparison between the prop...