Musa A . O . Mohammed | University Of Kordofan (original) (raw)

Papers by Musa A . O . Mohammed

Background and Objectives: Sudan is ranked as the third worst country in the world for tuberculos... more Background and Objectives: Sudan is ranked as the third worst country in the world for tuberculosis transmission. A lack of family income, coupled with the constant displacement from war zones, overcrowding, illiteracy, ignorance, lack of awareness, smoking practice and poor housing conditions contribute to increasing the incidence of this disease. At present, tuberculosis infection is mainly found in eastern states, such the Red Sea, Kassala, and Gedaref. The present study investigated factors related to tuberculosis infection among patients were under follow-up at the Department of Respiratory Tract Diseases in El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, North Kordofan State. Materials and Methods: The facility-based retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between February and December 2018. 101 TB patients were included in the study using a simple random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires with closed questions were distributed to the patients to collect data. Data was entered, processed, and analyzed using the SPSS version (16.0) and Microsoft Excel (2010) software. Factor analysis and cross-tab were used for result interpretation. Results: More than two-thirds (73.3%) of the patients were male, and 27.7% were female. TB peaked between the ages of 16-30 years old with 30.7%, followed by 31-45 years old with 29.7%, and more than 45 years old with 28.7%. Therefore, 97.7% of them boil milk before drinking it. 55.4% of patients were vaccinated with BCG vaccine. The study indicates that (28.7%) of TB patients live in houses made of straw and mats, (36.6%) of them have mud houses. There was a highly significant relationship between socio-demographic factors (gender, age group and education level) and practices of TB patients towards BCG vaccine (p-value= 0.001, p-value= 0.000 and p-value= 0.000). There was a highly significant relationship between socio-demographic factors (gender, age group, and education level) and practices of TB patients towards smoking (p-value= 0.008, p-value= 0.000 and p-value= 0.000). Conclusion: A birth certificate is not issued until a baby has been vaccinated against tuberculosis using the BCG vaccine, thus it's important for people to spread the word about the need of doing so through health education programmes in the community and with individual patients.

Objective: to assess the quality of drinking water in El-Obeid City, North Kordofan State, Sudan.... more Objective: to assess the quality of drinking water in El-Obeid City, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Methodology: A total of (142) samples were selected from all clusters (n=142). According to (WHO) guidelines for water sampling measurement, the size of water samples is (54), which recommends taking one sample per 10,000 population, plus 10 additional samples, (WHO, 1997). But samples were taken by the researcher is (142). Results: it was shown that more than half of the samples taken from all sources were containing faecal-E.coli. The water sample was taken from the main source of water such as; Bara basin "groundwater" and Khazan "surface water" were free contamination after treatment. More than half of the samples without residual chlorine. Most of the water samples had hardness. Conclusion: Selection of proper designs for the distribution system and regular check to network system to remedy any leakage that may happen and Appropriate storage of drinking water at houses in El-Obeid City to avoid any contamination and encourage all populations to make regular cleaning of storage facilities.

Family planning is the ability of couples and individuals to plan the number and spacing of their... more Family planning is the ability of couples and individuals to plan the number and spacing of their children, [1]. Many young people need contraceptives to delay pregnancy. Ideally, young women and men should wait until at least 18 years or have finished studies and are ready before having children, [2]. An institution-based cross-sectional descriptive study was done to an assessment of family planning methods knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Kordofan University students, Sudan, (Jun 2017 to Jan 2018). A simple random sampling (SRS) technique was implemented. This is the most basic scheme of random sampling and the sample size taken was (376). Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version (26.0) and Microsoft Excel software. The findings showed that nearly all (95%) undergraduate students had heard about family planning. nearly all (97.1%) of undergraduate students have a misconception about contraceptives, of them (58%) female and (39.1%) males; (X2= 7.274, p-value = 0.007). Only (8.5%) of students had sexual intercourse before marriage, (62.5%) of students who had a history of sexual intercourse used contraceptives. There was a significant correlation relationship between undergraduates' practices and gender; (P-value = 0.000). There was a significant correlation relationship between undergraduates' knowledge of family planning methods and gender. (X2= 12.846, P-value = 0.000). This study recommended that encouraging the students to the uptake of FBMs services through educational programs should be done among students.

A cross-sectional descriptive institutional based study was conducted among pregnant women admitt... more A cross-sectional descriptive institutional based study was conducted among pregnant women admitted to Sudanese family planning association, El-Fateh El-Nour clinic in El-Obeid city, North Kordofan state during dry season from 25 April-25 June 2021. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria disease and factors associated with repeated malaria among pregnant women. The study covered 384 of pregnant women attending the clinic during study period who had one or more indications for malaria diagnosis. Data was collected using self-administrative questionnaire and microscopic blood test for malaria. Simple random sampling technique was used. Data analyzed and processed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version (23.0) and Microsoft Excel (2010) software. Total of (384) pregnant women were selected. More than two third (73.7%) of pregnant women from urban area and (26.3%) from rural area. About (4.9%) of pregnant women fall in the less than 18 years, (43.2%) of them fall in the 18-25 years age group, (44%) in the 25-35 years age group and (7.8%) were more than 35 years old. Malaria prevalence was (32%). All samples collected from pregnant women showed that Plasmodium falciparum is predominant species. There was highly statistically significant between malaria prevalence and age group (P-value= 0.000, X2= 1.982). There was highly statistically significant between malaria prevalence and gestational age of pregnancy (P-value= 0.000, X2= 3.046). There was highly statistically significant between the malaria prevalence and education (P-value= 0.000, X2= 2.350).

The quality of HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services attributed to adherence t... more The quality of HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services attributed to adherence to what is approved and enacted by national and international guidelines for HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing, as well as providing continuous training for service providers, providing basic infrastructure for service delivery centers, and including: preparing counseling rooms, laboratories, waiting rooms, and IEC materials. A cross-sectional descriptive institutional-based study was conducted in June 2016, aimed to assessment of the quality of HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing services in Kassala and North Kordofan States. A total sample size of VCT providers (n = 41) was selected from all VCT centers in both states. Observation checklist and two self-administered questionnaires, and checked for consistency having closed questions were distributed to "counselors and nurse" and lab technicians. The findings showed that All VCT centers had used a rapid test strategy for HIV testing. All admission clients who have had HIV testing undergo to post-counseling session. Most VCT provides had received training in VCT. All lab rooms in VCT centers had adequate area, hand washing supplies, disinfection, and sterilization system, a good lighting and aerification system, safe biohazard waste disposal. There was a significant correlation relationship between experience duration and training of VCT providers (P = 0.010). There was a significant correlation relationship between job title and training of VCT providers (P = 0.008). This study recommends that: design a comprehensive training course on VCT should be included in their training curricula to promote the services of VCT and promote the concepts of total quality among service providers.

Background and Objective Road traffic accidents (RTA) represent a major important public health p... more Background and Objective Road traffic accidents (RTA) represent a major important public health problem in our country and play a major role in lifelong disabilities as well as high mortality. In Sudan, the rate of road traffic accidents has recently increased for reasons related to excessive speed, and the collapse of most national roads.

Background and Objective: Pregnancy-related malaria is a major problem in Sudan due to it's assoc... more Background and Objective: Pregnancy-related malaria is a major problem in Sudan due to it's associated with significant risk for the pregnant woman and her fetus. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria disease and repeat it among pregnant women during rainy season. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive institutional based study of pregnant women presenting to Sudanese family planning association (SFPA), El-Fateh El-Nour clinic in El-Obeid city, North Kordofan state during rainy season from August to September 2021. The study covered 384 of pregnant women attending the clinic during study period. Data was collected using self-administrative questionnaire and Blood smears stained with Giemsa were used for malaria diagnosis by light microscopy. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data analyzed and processed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version (23.0) and Microsoft Excel (2010) software. Three hundred eighty four (384) of pregnant women were selected using simple random probability sampling. Results: More than two third (70.7%) of pregnant women from urban area. Malaria prevalence was (44.3%), and was highest (45%) during the third trimester of pregnancy with no significant (p= 0.605). The distribution of infection was highest (50.9%) among age group 18-25 and lowest (1.8%) among age group more than 35 with no significant (p= 0.625). (42.4%) of pregnant women suffered from repeat infection with malaria and repeat it third times with (36.6%) with significant (p= 0.038). Plasmodium falciparum is predominant species. There was no statistically significant between malaria prevalence and education (p= 0.086). There was no statistically significant between malaria prevalence and age group (p= 0.0625). Conclusion: Study appears that malaria is presence among pregnant women are generally more affected with malaria due to lack of immune during gestational age of pregnancy.

Background: Malnutrition is still an important problem among children under-five years in El Obei... more Background:
Malnutrition is still an important problem among children under-five years in El Obeid city, and it
is remain one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality among children. This study aimed to identify
the prevalence of malnutr
ition’s among children under 5 years at El
-Obeid Specialized Pediatric Hospital, North
Kordofan, Sudan, from April 2021 to October 2023.
Methodology:
An institutional cross-sectional descriptive
analytical study, included 384 of under
-five children aged 6-59 months who were selected using simple random
sampling technique was implemented. Data collection was focused on anthropometric tests (MUAC) for children
and using structured questionnaire for mothers of children. Data were entered and analyzed using the
Statistical
Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and chi
-square test. Result: The results indicated that (38.8%) of
children had suffered from malnutrition, (22.1% of them were females). (19.3%) of mothers were illiterate.
Majority of malnourish
ed children 98 (25.5%) eat two meals per day. There is statistical significant correlation
between the mother’s educational levels, number of meals eaten by child per day, exclusive breastfeeding and
malnutrition statuses (p
-value= 0.000), (p-value = 0.000) and (p-value = 0.008), respectively. Conclusion: There
is high prevalence rate of malnutrition among children under 5 years in El
-Obeid City. The study recommended
that: raising awareness of mothers about importance of breast feeding for infant to improv
e nutritional status of
their children, encourage complementary feeding and begin it in right age according to WHO recommendations
and better maternal education are needed.
KEYWORDS:
Malnutrion, breast feeding, children under- five, MUAC, North Kordofan- Sudan

EPRA , 2024

Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly n... more Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly not only among different nations of the
world but also in different region of a country. This study aimed to determine the factors related to malnutrition diseases among children underfive years at El-Obeid Specialized Pediatric Hospital, North Kordofan- Sudan from April 2021 to October 2023. Methodology: This is an
institutional cross-sectional descriptive analytical study. 384 of under-five children aged 6-59 months who were selected using simple random
sampling technique was implemented. Data collection was focused on anthropometric tests (MUAC) for children and using structured
questionnaire for mothers of children. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and
chi-square (X²-test). Result: The results indicated that (38.8%) of children had suffered from malnutrition, more than quarter (27.1%) of the
families their monthly income affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. Third of mothers (30.5%) held cultural beliefs related to child feeding. 13.5%
of the children were not vaccinated. (2.9%) of families use drinking water from uncovered storage containers. There is statistical significant
correlation between the monthly incomes, diarrhea in last two weeks, vaccination status and malnutrition statuses (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion:
Based on our findings, the study indicated that family income, COVID 19 pandemic, family size; immunization, cultural beliefs and diarrhea
are important factors that associated with malnutrition among children. The study recommended that doing further studies and continuous
health education program among mothers for preventing malnutrion.
KEYWORDS: Children under-five, Malnutrion, MUAC, COVID 19, Immunization, Sudan

Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly n... more Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly not only among different nations of the world but also in different region of a country. This study aimed to determine the factors related to malnutrition diseases among children underfive years at El-Obeid Specialized Pediatric Hospital, North Kordofan-Sudan from April 2021 to October 2023. Methodology: This is an institutional cross-sectional descriptive analytical study. 384 of under-five children aged 6-59 months who were selected using simple random sampling technique was implemented. Data collection was focused on anthropometric tests (MUAC) for children and using structured questionnaire for mothers of children. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and chi-square (X²-test). Result: The results indicated that (38.8%) of children had suffered from malnutrition, more than quarter (27.1%) of the families their monthly income affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. Third of mothers (30.5%) held cultural beliefs related to child feeding. 13.5% of the children were not vaccinated. (2.9%) of families use drinking water from uncovered storage containers. There is statistical significant correlation between the monthly incomes, diarrhea in last two weeks, vaccination status and malnutrition statuses (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: Based on our findings, the study indicated that family income, COVID 19 pandemic, family size; immunization, cultural beliefs and diarrhea are important factors that associated with malnutrition among children. The study recommended that doing further studies and continuous health education program among mothers for preventing malnutrion.

Background and objective: The quality of antennal care services is one of the biggest challenges ... more Background and objective: The quality of antennal care services is one of the biggest challenges facing the health system in Sudan due to many reasons such as lack of government funding, and lack of financial support, in addition to the lack of continuous evaluation of prenatal care services. The study aimed to assess the antenatal care services among pregnant women. Materials and methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sudanese Family Planning Association, El-Fateh El-Nour Clinic in El-Obeid City, Sudan from August to September 2021. Three hundred eighty-six (386) pregnant women were interviewed. A simple random probability sampling technique was used to select participants. The findings are described according to a designed self-administrative questionnaire and data collection tools prepared carefully. Data was analyzed and processed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version (23.0) and Microsoft Excel (2010) software. Results: About 31 (8%) of pregnant women fall under 18 years old. About 71(18.4%) of pregnant women were illiterate. More than a third 290 (75.7%) of pregnant women received folic acid pills from the clinic. The clinic had requested HIV testing from 138 (36%) of pregnant women. About 215 (56.1) of them had received tetanus vaccine during pregnancy. The majority 340 (88.8%) of pregnant women reported that all examinations were available at the clinic. 350 (91.4%) of pregnant women received prenatal follow-up. Half 195 (50.5%) of pregnant women mentioned they were not receiving instructions for a healthy pregnancy. Conclusion: The study shows the absence of home follow-up for pregnant women by clinic staff, a lack of HIV testing services, and a shortage of communication between the woman and her healthcare team.

Gezira Journal of Health Sciences, 2017

Many countries have been trying to take many different approaches in an attempt to slow the sprea... more Many countries have been trying to take many different approaches in an attempt to slow the spread of HIV infection and minimize its impact on the individual, family and society.These strategies include voluntary counseling and testing (VCT).A cross sectional study was conducted to study the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of voluntary HIV/AIDS counseling and testing services (VCT) among students of Kassala and KordofanUniversities and Quality of VCT Services in Kassala and Elobied cities, Sudan. Building on foundations (universities). A total of (384) students of Kassala and Kordofan Universities,who were selected through a stratified sampling method, filled a self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version (11.5) software and chi-square test was used to determine an association between a number of independent and dependent variables. Self-administered questionnaires having closed questions were also distributed to...

Sanitation is the management and dumping of solid wastes and liquid waste in and around populatio... more Sanitation is the management and dumping of solid wastes and liquid waste in and around populations and families. The most hazardous waste product is human faeces, therefore it should focus on sanitation programs. The safe disposal of human faeces is essential for the health of families and the community as a whole. But promotion health is not the only benefit of sanitation . A cross-sectional study was carried out to aim assessment of sanitation methods utilization among South Tayba Citizens, in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Building on community. A total of (260) households were selected, were participated (100%) response rate, among the total participants 52 (20%) were male whereas 208 (80%) were females, filled a self-administered questionnaire that was selected through a clustered sampling technique, and a systematic random sampling technique used to select sample size determined from each cluster (block). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Scie...

EPRA International Journal of Socio-Economic and Environmental Outlook(SEEO), 2021

ABSTRACT Road traffic accidents pose a threat to the public health of individuals and communities... more ABSTRACT
Road traffic accidents pose a threat to the public health of individuals and communities; it is one of the modern problems that
people depend on modern means of transportation and their exploitation of highways. Recently, the Sudanese states have
witnessed many road traffic accidents that have killed many people and caused disability to others due to the poor quality of
highways and their poor design that is not consistent with international standards. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive
An institution based study of all road traffic victims recorded in police department, North Kordofan State, Sudan from 2013 to
2017. It was carried out in Jun 2017 to January 2018, to study of epidemiological profile of road traffic accidents according
age, gender, and mortality. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version
(16.0) and Microsoft Excel (2010) software. Total victims during period (2013 to 2017) were 5113, among the total victims
3336 (60.7%) were male where 721 (13.1%) were female and 1441 (26%) of children. The findings showed that, all recorded
road traffic accidents were responsible for (5.4%) of death, severity injuries (0.4%) and mild Injuries (94.2%). Males were
more affected (58.7%) followed female (14.4%) and children (26.5%). 20 - 30 years old age group were more affected (23%).
(27.7%) of death in the 20 - 30 years old age group. More half (59%) of deaths among male and (15.5%) female and (25.5%).
There is need to develop and improve roads and their infrastructure; building safer roads for vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists
consistent with international standards.
KEYWORDS: Epidemiological, Roads, Traffic, Accidents, injuries, Severity, Mild, North Kordofan

EPRA , 2024

Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly n... more Background: Malnutrition is a global issue with patterns and prevalence that vary significantly not only among different nations of the world but also in different region of a country. This study aimed to determine the factors related to malnutrition diseases among children underfive years at El-Obeid Specialized Pediatric Hospital, North Kordofan-Sudan from April 2021 to October 2023. Methodology: This is an institutional cross-sectional descriptive analytical study. 384 of under-five children aged 6-59 months who were selected using simple random sampling technique was implemented. Data collection was focused on anthropometric tests (MUAC) for children and using structured questionnaire for mothers of children. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and chi-square (X²-test). Result: The results indicated that (38.8%) of children had suffered from malnutrition, more than quarter (27.1%) of the families their monthly income affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. Third of mothers (30.5%) held cultural beliefs related to child feeding. 13.5% of the children were not vaccinated. (2.9%) of families use drinking water from uncovered storage containers. There is statistical significant correlation between the monthly incomes, diarrhea in last two weeks, vaccination status and malnutrition statuses (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: Based on our findings, the study indicated that family income, COVID 19 pandemic, family size; immunization, cultural beliefs and diarrhea are important factors that associated with malnutrition among children. The study recommended that doing further studies and continuous health education program among mothers for preventing malnutrion.

Gezira Journal of Health Sciences, 2017

EPRA International Journal of Socio-Economic and Environmental Outlook(SEEO), 2021